CN106501195A - Methods of Assessment for Water Entrophication based on Suspended Particles in Water absorptance - Google Patents
Methods of Assessment for Water Entrophication based on Suspended Particles in Water absorptance Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Methods of Assessment for Water Entrophication based on Suspended Particles in Water absorptance, nutrition-enriched water of lake suspended particulate substance absorptance a at the wave band 440nm is determinedp(440)；Build ap(440), and after the relational model of lake comprehensive Trophic Level Index TLI, a is established based on according to TLI index rangesp(440) the lake trophic status criteria for classifying.Lake eutrophication evaluation is carried out using the method for the present invention, the measure of loaded down with trivial details nitrogen, phosphorus recycling and algae bio amount need not be carried out, the Fast Evaluation and Type division for having Suspended Particles in Water to locate the i.e. achievable lake eutrophication of absorptance in 440nm need to only be determined, operation is simple, with low cost, easy to spread, its advantage is fairly obvious；Further, since aquatic particle absorptance can be measured in the original location, the present invention can provide precondition for building based on the structure of lake eutrophication state indices assay method in situ.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental science and monitoring technical field, are related to a kind of Methods of Assessment for Water Entrophication, specifically then
It is development the invention discloses a kind of Methods of Assessment for Water Entrophication based on Suspended Particles in Water absorptance carries out lake
The method that pool eutrophication Fast Evaluation and Nst are divided.
Background technology
Lake eutrophication essence is the accumulation due to nitrogen and phosphorous nutrient in lake and dissolved organic matter, shows as lake
Interior nitrogen and phosphorous nutrient too high levels, more than the self-purification capacity of lake body.Needs of the mankind for economical production, ignore the natural law,
On the one hand industry, life and agricultural effluent are discharged by hydrologic processes such as rivers and canals, runoffs to lake body with point, face source form；Another
Aspect takes a variety of measures destruction aquatic vegetation (aquaculture), diminution lake body to carry out various works from net capacity, in littoral zone again
Agricultural Activities (such as enclose and cultivate, fill), so that exacerbate lake eutrophication process..Under field conditions (factors), lake also can be from
Lean nutritional status are transitioned into eutrophic state, but this natural process is slowly.And work of the anthropogenic discharge containing nutrient substance
Body eutrophication caused by industry waste water and sanitary sewage then can occur at short notice.There is eutrophication in water body
When, planktonic algae amount reproduction forms the seriousness that the global freshwater resources of wawter bloom lack, has been subjected to world people from all walks of life
Extensive concern.Estimate according to the United Nations, the population to the world's nearly half in 2025 will live in the area of hydropenia.At me
State, on the one hand, the freshwater resources supply in most of city and area is threatened by water quality deterioration and aquatic ecosystem destruction.
The section in the whole nation more than 1/3 is contaminated, and more than 90% urban waters are seriously polluted, and nearly 50% key cities water head site is not inconsistent
Close drinking water standard；On the other hand, due to unreasonable use agriculture chemical and soil erosion etc., aquatic ecosystem is caused to break
Bad, limnobioss resource is on the hazard.The survey showed that recently, in 67 Main Lakes of China, only nearly 20% lake
Preferably (II-III classes), more than 80% lake is contaminated (the bad V classes of IV-), the situation very severe of water pollution to pool water quality.
Therefore, how efficiently and quickly to monitor and evaluate lake eutrophication be carry out lake eutrophication Forming Mechanism and
The premise and key of prevention and control.There is the monitoring method of lake eutrophication state at present：(1) traditional being layouted based on ground is adopted
Related nutritional state index is estimated using remote sensing technology in the method for the physically or chemically analysis measurement of sample and (2), then comprehensive
Calculate lake eutrophication state indices.First method is by determining total nitrogen, total phosphorus, chlorophyll a, transparency, change in water body
Learn the parameter such as oxygen consumption and Biochemical oxygen demand to calculate its eutrophication status index, then divide lake trophic status type.This
Method needs the measure for carrying out a large amount of water quality parameters, wastes time and energy, with high costs, and water quality parameter continuous mode is to need to make
Substantial amounts of chemical reagent is used, itself just has harm to water environment.Further, since the parameter major part that this method needs all is needed
To complete in experimental determination, cause lake eutrophication evaluation can be completed in the original location currently without a kind of instrument；Second profit
Do not popularized with the method for remote sensing, be primarily due to lack determining between water body in lake optical parametric and eutrophic state
Magnitude relation model.Although the current lake eutrophication research of China takes consequence, lake eutrophication in the world
Evaluation methodology still borrow traditional battalion built based on water quality parameters such as total nitrogen, total phosphorus, chlorophyll a, transparencys in the world
Foster state indices.In order to further promote the research of the Forming Mechanism, preventing and treating theory and method of China's lake eutrophication, urgently
Need to develop a kind of evaluation methodology of accurate, easy, quick, cheap and free of contamination lake eutrophication.
Content of the invention
Quickly comment the present invention seeks to setting up one kind and carrying out lake eutrophication based on Suspended Particles in Water absorptance
Valency and the method for classification, it is adaptable to the lake of Different Nutrition degree, without the need for any chemical reagent is used, operational approach is simple
Just, with low cost, it is easy to promotion and application.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
(1) nutrition-enriched water of lake suspended particulate substance absorptance a at the wave band 440nm is determined using conventional methodp
(440)；
(2) above-mentioned Suspended Particles in Water absorptance a is utilizedp(440), lake trophic status are carried out with following standard
Divide：
ap(440)<0.10m-1For lean nutrition；
0.10m-1≤ap(440)≤0.78m-1For middle nutrition；
ap(440)>0.78m-1For eutrophy；
Wherein, 0.78m-1<ap(440)≤2.15m-1For slight eutrophy, 2.15m-1<ap(440)≤5.91m-1For moderate
Eutrophy, ap(440)>5.91m-1For severe eutrophy.
The present invention passes through the nearly 375 sampling point data researches in 3 lakes to national Different Nutrition degree and finds that water body suspends
There is extremely significantly positive correlation with lake comprehensive Trophic Level Index in particulate matter absorptance at the 440nm, can be used for lake rich
The evaluation of nutrient laden and Type division, by being based on Different Nutrition degree lake total nitrogen, total phosphorus, chlorophyll a, transparency and water body
The measure of suspended particulate substance absorptance, builds Suspended Particles in Water and locates absorptance and lake comprehensive nutrient shape in 440nm
The relational model of state index, leads to ap(440) determine and threshold determination is realized quick calculating lake comprehensive Trophic Level Index and drawn
Divide Lake Trophic Types.
Aforesaid Suspended Particles in Water absorptance a at the wave band 440nmp(440) refer to lake comprehensive nutrient state
The relational model building mode of number TLI is specific as follows：
(1) carry out Different Nutrition degree lake total nitrogen, total phosphorus, chlorophyll a, the measure of transparency, adopt according to traditional method
Lake eutrophication comprehensive state index is calculated with equation below：
In formula：TLI is comprehensive Trophic Level Index；WjFor the associated weight of the eutrophication status index of jth kind parameter, wherein
The weight of chlorophyll a, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and transparency is respectively 0.326,0.219,0.230,0.225；TLI (j) is jth seed ginseng
Several eutrophication status index, its calculating formula are as follows：
TLI (Chla)=10 (2.5+1.0861nChla) (3)
TLI (TP)=10 (9.436+1.6241nTP) (4)
TLI (TN)=10 (5.453+1.6941nTN) (5)
TLI (SD)=10 (5.118-1.941nSD) (6)
In formula：Chla is chlorophyll-a concentration；TP is total phosphorus concentration；TN is total nitrogen concentration；SD is water transparency.
(2) spectrophotometer is utilized, according to existing method, Suspended Particles in Water absorptance is determined；
(3) Suspended Particles in Water absorptance a at the 440nm is builtp(440) with lake comprehensive Trophic Level Index
Relational model (Fig. 1), by Suspended Particles in Water at the 440nm absorptance ap(440) determine and can quickly calculate lake
Comprehensive Trophic Level Index, its formula is
TLI=9.77*ln [ap(440)]+52.47(R2=0.87, n=354, p<0.005) (1)
(4) according to the existing lake comprehensive Trophic Level Index TLI criteria for classifying, using Suspended Particles in Water in 440nm
Place absorptance ap(440) Lake Trophic Types are divided, the criteria for classifying is：
ap(440)<0.10m-1For lean nutrition；0.10m-1≤ap(440)≤0.78m-1For middle nutrition；ap(440)>0.78m-1
For eutrophy, wherein 0.78m-1<ap(440)≤2.15m-1For slight eutrophy, 2.15m-1<ap(440)≤5.91m-1For moderate
Eutrophy, ap(440)>5.91m-1For severe eutrophy.
Advantages of the present invention and beneficial effect：
(1) Lakes in Nutrition Index for Calculation and nutritive salt are carried out with traditional utilization total nitrogen, total phosphorus, chlorophyll a and transparency
Type division is different, and the inventive method need not determine total nitrogen, total phosphorus, chlorophyll a and transparency, therefore need not be disappeared
The loaded down with trivial details experimentations such as solution, extraction, use without chemical reagent using any chemical reagent, is saved, reduce pollutant
Discharge, protects environment.
(2) measure of Suspended Particles in Water absorptance only needs to 1 filter membrane, and cost of determination is substantially reduced；
Continuous mode is the absorbance of scanning feature wavelength on spectrophotometer, and operation is very easy, quick, and half an hour can be complete
Into unlike the measure of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and chlorophyll a needs even 2-3 days a few hours, (chlorophyll-a concentration measure generally requires cold
Could determine after freezing 48h).
(3) present invention calculating and division side abundant and that developed lake comprehensive Trophic Level Index and Nst
Method, can be widely applied to dissimilar lake lake eutrophication evaluation research, will deepen the basis of lake eutrophication
Theoretical and Control Technology is studied.
Describe the present invention with reference to case is embodied as.Protection scope of the present invention is not with concrete real
The mode of applying is limited, but is defined in the claims.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 be the Suspended Particles in Water that built based on Different Nutrition state lake 440nm places absorptance with traditional
The relation of eutrophication status index.
Specific embodiment
Below with China's Different Nutrition state lake result as example, this method is described further.It is directed within 2014
The Taihu Lake of Different Nutrition state, Thousand-Island Lake, Tianmu Lake carry out more than 10 field samplings, build Suspended Particles in Water in 440nm
Place's absorptance and the relation of traditional comprehensive Trophic Level Index.
Fig. 1 be the Suspended Particles in Water that built based on Different Nutrition state lake 440nm places absorptance with traditional
The relation of comprehensive Trophic Level Index.From fig. 1, it can be seen that the lake synthesis calculated based on total nitrogen, total phosphorus, chlorophyll a and transparency
There is extremely significantly positive correlation in 440nm places absorptance in eutrophication status index and Suspended Particles in Water, reflect and hanged using water body
Floating particles thing absorptance at the 440nm carries out the credible and accuracy of lake eutrophication evaluation.
The inventive method concrete operation step is as follows：
(1) carry out Suspended Particles in Water Measurement of Absorption using existing method：Using Whatman companies GF/F filter membranes
Filter, then on spectrophotometer, scan 300-800nm absorbances, be calculated its spectral absorptance.
(2) using Suspended Particles in Water at the 440nm absorptance, according to following relational model, just can estimate lake
Pool comprehensive Trophic Level Index (Fig. 1)：
TLI=9.77*ln [ap(440)]+52.47(R2=0.87, n=354, p<0.005) (1)
In formula TLI be lake comprehensive Trophic Level Index, ap(440) system is absorbed for Suspended Particles in Water at 440nm
Number.
(3) using Suspended Particles in Water, absorptance is divided to Lake Trophic Types at the 440nm, the criteria for classifying
For：ap(440)<0.10m-1For lean nutrition；0.10m-1≤ap(440)≤0.78m-1For middle nutrition；ap(440)>0.78m-1For richness
Nutrition, wherein 0.78m-1<ap(440)≤2.15m-1For slight eutrophy, 2.15m-1<ap(440)≤5.91m-1For the rich battalion of moderate
Support, ap(440)>5.91m-1For severe eutrophy.
Embodiment 1
According to the inventive method, using Suspended Particles in Water at the 440nm absorptance, estimate Tianmu Lake comprehensive nutrient
State indices, and with acquisition comprehensive Trophic Level Index value being calculated according to traditional method compare (table 1).According to the inventive method meter
The Tianmu Lake comprehensive water-body eutrophication status index for obtaining and nutrition grade, estimated value are as shown in table 1 below with corresponding error：
1 present invention of table is in Tianmu Lake applicating evaluating result
The parameter of analyzing water body comprehensive Trophic Level Index computational accuracy be comprehensive water-body eutrophication status index measured value with
Average relative error APD and root-mean-square error RMS of model calculation value, computing formula are as follows：
Wherein, n be water body number of samples, HiFor the model calculation value of i-th water body sample, HmiFor i-th water body sample
Measured value.
Through inspection, average relative error APD=6% of the present invention in Tianmu Lake application；Root-mean-square misses RMS=4.55, should
Model is suitable for the estimation of Tianmu Lake comprehensive water-body eutrophication status index and precision is higher.
Embodiment 2
According to the inventive method, using Suspended Particles in Water at the 440nm absorptance, estimate Thousand-Island Lake comprehensive nutrient
State indices, and with acquisition comprehensive Trophic Level Index value being calculated according to traditional method compare (table 2).According to the inventive method meter
The Thousand-Island Lake comprehensive water-body eutrophication status index for obtaining and nutrition grade, estimated value are as shown in table 2 below with corresponding error：
2 present invention of table is in Thousand-Island Lake applicating evaluating result
Through inspection, average relative error APD=9% of the present invention in Thousand-Island Lake application；Root-mean-square misses RMS=4.23, should
Model is suitable for Thousand-Island Lake comprehensive water-body eutrophication status index estimation and precision is higher.
Embodiment 3
According to the inventive method, using Suspended Particles in Water at the 440nm absorptance, estimate Taihu Lake comprehensive nutrient shape
State index, and with acquisition comprehensive Trophic Level Index value being calculated according to traditional method compare (table 3).Calculated according to the inventive method
The Taihu Lake water body comprehensive Trophic Level Index for obtaining and nutrition grade, estimated value are as shown in table 3 below with corresponding error：
3 present invention of table is in Taihu Lake applicating evaluating result
Through inspection, average relative error APD=3% of the present invention in Thousand-Island Lake application；Root-mean-square misses RMS=2.79, should
Model is suitable for Taihu Lake water body comprehensive Trophic Level Index estimation and precision is higher.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of Methods of Assessment for Water Entrophication based on Suspended Particles in Water absorptance, it is characterised in that include as
Lower step：
(1) nutrition-enriched water of lake suspended particulate substance absorptance a at the wave band 440nm is determinedp(440)；
(2) above-mentioned Suspended Particles in Water absorptance a is utilizedp(440), lake trophic status are divided with following standard：
ap(440)<0.10m-1For lean nutrition；
0.10m-1≤ap(440)≤0.78m-1For middle nutrition；
ap(440)>0.78m-1For eutrophy；
Wherein, 0.78m-1<ap(440)≤2.15m-1For slight eutrophy, 2.15m-1<ap(440)≤5.91m-1For the rich battalion of moderate
Support, ap(440)>5.91m-1For severe eutrophy.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the nutrition-enriched water of lake suspended particulate substance absorbs system
Counting assay method is：Using Whatman companies GF/F membrane filtration water bodys, on spectrophotometer, then scan 300-800nm
Absorbance, is calculated its spectral absorptance.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the lake trophic status method criteria for classifying is based on lake
Comprehensive Trophic Level Index TLI is obtained.
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that according to the water body in lake suspended particulate substance absorptance for determining
ap(440), lake comprehensive Trophic Level Index TLI is obtained, and its relational model formula is：
TLI=9.77*ln [ap(440)]+52.47(R2=0.87, n=354, p<0.005) (1)
5. method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the water body in lake suspended particulate substance absorptance ap(440)
As follows with the relational model building mode of lake comprehensive Trophic Level Index TLI：
(1) lake total nitrogen, total phosphorus, chlorophyll a, transparency is determined, lake eutrophication comprehensive state is calculated using equation below
Index：
In formula：TLI is comprehensive Trophic Level Index；WjFor the associated weight of the eutrophication status index of jth kind parameter, its middle period is green
The weight of plain a, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and transparency is respectively 0.326,0.219,0.230,0.225；TLI (j) is jth kind parameter
Eutrophication status index, its computing formula are as follows：
TLI (Chla)=10 (2.5+1.0861nChla) (3)
TLI (TP)=10 (9.436+1.6241nTP) (4)
TLI (TN)=10 (5.453+1.6941nTN) (5)
TLI (SD)=10 (5.118-1.941nSD) (6)
In formula：Chla is chlorophyll-a concentration；TP is total phosphorus concentration；TN is total nitrogen concentration；SD is water transparency；
(2) Suspended Particles in Water absorptance is determined；
(3) Suspended Particles in Water absorptance a at the 440nm is builtp(440) pass with lake comprehensive Trophic Level Index TLI
It is model.
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| CN111489080A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-08-04 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Method for representing reducing substance quantity of lake and reservoir water body by CDOM absorption |
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| CN113111294A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-07-13 | 天津天滨瑞成环境技术工程有限公司 | Water body nutrition evaluation method based on algae diversity index and application thereof |
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| CN107449883A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-12-08 | 江苏省环境监测中心 | A kind of lake, reservoir water environmental health assessment technology method |
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| CN111489080A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-08-04 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Method for representing reducing substance quantity of lake and reservoir water body by CDOM absorption |
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| CN113111294A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-07-13 | 天津天滨瑞成环境技术工程有限公司 | Water body nutrition evaluation method based on algae diversity index and application thereof |
| CN113111294B (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2022-09-13 | 天津天滨瑞成环境技术工程有限公司 | Water body nutrition evaluation method based on algae diversity index |
| CN114624152A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-06-14 | 生态环境部长江流域生态环境监督管理局生态环境监测与科学研究中心 | Method for testing organic carbon source of water body particles and related equipment |
| CN114624152B (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-08-12 | 生态环境部长江流域生态环境监督管理局生态环境监测与科学研究中心 | Method for testing organic carbon source of water body particles and related equipment |
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