CN106479902A - A kind of cultural method of Ganoderma - Google Patents

A kind of cultural method of Ganoderma Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106479902A
CN106479902A CN201610900215.8A CN201610900215A CN106479902A CN 106479902 A CN106479902 A CN 106479902A CN 201610900215 A CN201610900215 A CN 201610900215A CN 106479902 A CN106479902 A CN 106479902A
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ganoderma
culture medium
parts
culture
cultivation
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CN106479902B (en
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马传贵
张志秀
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Beijing Jingcheng Biology Technology Co Ltd
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Beijing Jingcheng Biology Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910936463.1A priority Critical patent/CN110558155A/en
Priority to CN201910937296.2A priority patent/CN110521490A/en
Priority to CN201910936472.0A priority patent/CN110476710A/en
Priority to CN201910936455.7A priority patent/CN110476706A/en
Priority to CN201610900215.8A priority patent/CN106479902B/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A01G18/40—Cultivation of spawn
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
  • Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to medicinal fungi artificial cultivation technique field is and in particular to a kind of cultural method of Ganoderma, including obtaining lucid ganoderma stock culture, Ganoderma original seed, cultivation of glossy ganoderma kind respectively；Described cultivation of glossy ganoderma kind is carried out substituting stuff cultivation, obtains Ganoderma；Wherein Cultivar culture medium includes corn straw, wood flour, pig manure, cattle manure, rapeseed meal, humic acidss, Armillaria mellea fermented solution, bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor, Gypsum Fibrosum；The culture medium of described substituting stuff cultivation is identical with Cultivar culture medium.The present invention is remarkably improved Ganoderma sporophore and spore powder yield, and also significantly improves the content of the effective ingredient such as ganoderan, Ganoderma total triterpenes acid.

Description

A kind of cultural method of Ganoderma
Technical field
The invention belongs to medicinal fungi artificial cultivation technique field is and in particular to a kind of cultural method of Ganoderma.
Background technology
Ganoderma (Ganoderma Lucidum Karst) is the sporophore of On Polyporaceae Ganoderma.Have invigorating QI and tranquilization, Relieving cough and asthma, effect of life lengthening.For dizziness sleeplessness, shortness of breath and palpitation, neurasthenia, asthenia cough with asthma.Ganoderma is China doctor Learn one of treasure-house rare Chinese medicine, be to integrate health care and the medicinal edible fungi as the whole body.《Sheng Nong's herbal classic》、《The Master of Preserving Simplicity》、《This Careless detailed outline》All all on the books to its efficacy effect etc. in ancient books.Modern medicine study proves, polysaccharide in Ganoderma, triterpeness, Sterols isoreactivity composition, has the function of antitumor, regulation immunity, nervous system regulation, regulation blood circulation etc. to human body.Pass The sporophore (or sclerotium) that the field acquisition of system or artificial culture produce receives that wild resource is rare, the sporophore cultivation and production cycle Long (the 4-5 month), produce the control of the conditions such as climate and the restriction of bioactive substance content low factors, a large amount of to Ganoderma Production causes obstruction.
In order to effective exploitation utilizes this medicinal fungi, the present invention provides a kind of artificial cultivation method of Ganoderma.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of cultural method of Ganoderma, it is fast that the method has a mycelial growth rate, sporophore and The advantages such as spore powder yield height.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows：
A kind of cultural method of Ganoderma, comprises the following steps：
1) lucid ganoderma stock culture is seeded to mother culture media, obtains lucid ganoderma stock culture；
Described mother culture media includes following component：Rhizoma Solani tuber osi 200-300g/L, glucose 20-30g/L, Carnis Bovis seu Bubali cream 3- 5g/L, peptone 4-10g/L, agar powder 15-20g/L；
2) lucid ganoderma stock culture is seeded to pedigree seed culture medium culture, obtains Ganoderma original seed；
Described pedigree seed culture medium includes the composition of following weight portion：Wood flour 60-80 part, corn cob 5-10 part, Testa Tritici 10-15 Part, brown sugar 1-3 part, Gypsum Fibrosum powder 1-3 part, KNO30.05-0.5 part；Described pedigree seed culture medium water content is 55-60%；
3) Ganoderma original seed is seeded to culture in Cultivar culture medium, obtains cultivation of glossy ganoderma kind；
Described Cultivar culture medium includes the raw material of following weight portion：Corn straw 50-80 part, wood flour 30-50 part, pig manure 10-25 part, cattle manure 10-25, rapeseed meal 5-25 part, humic acidss 5-10 part, Armillaria mellea (Armillaria mellea (Vahl.ex Fr.) Quel.) fermentation liquid 1-10 part, bacillus subtilises (Bacillus subtilis) fermentation liquid 1-10 part, Gypsum Fibrosum 1-3 part； In described Armillaria mellea fermented solution, living bacteria count is 1.0-5.0 × 106/ mL is effectively alive in described bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor Bacterium number is 1.0-1.5 × 1010/mL；The preparation method of described Cultivar culture medium comprises the following steps：By proportioning, each raw material is mixed Close, add water to water content 50-70%, ferment to becoming thoroughly decomposed；Adjust moisture to 55-60%, sterilize, you can；
4) described cultivation of glossy ganoderma kind is carried out substituting stuff cultivation, obtain Ganoderma；The culture medium of described substituting stuff cultivation and cultigen Culture medium is identical.
Described acquisition Ganoderma includes harvesting Ganoderma sporophore, or also includes harvesting Ganoderma spore powder.
Preferably, described mother culture media includes following component：Rhizoma Solani tuber osi 250g/L, glucose 25g/L, Carnis Bovis seu Bubali cream 3g/ L, peptone 6g/L, agar powder 15-20g/L.
Preferably, described Mother culture condition includes：Constant temperature lucifuge culture at 22-26 DEG C；General culture 5-7 days Mycelia covers with medium slant.
Preferably, described pedigree seed culture medium includes the composition of following weight portion：70 parts of wood flour, 6 parts of corn cob, Testa Tritici 15 Part, 2 parts of brown sugar, 1 part of Gypsum Fibrosum powder, KNO30.25 part；Described pedigree seed culture medium water content is 55-60%.
Preferably, described Primary spawn condition includes：Temperature be 20-22 DEG C, humidity be 55-65% under constant temperature lucifuge training Support general culture 35-40 days.
Preferably, described Cultivar culture medium or generation material culture medium, including the raw material of following weight portion：Corn straw 65 Part, 40 parts of wood flour, 15 parts of pig manure, cattle manure 20,15 parts of rapeseed meal, 6 parts of humic acidss, 5 parts of Armillaria mellea fermented solution, bacillus subtilises 5 parts of fermentation liquid, 1 part of Gypsum Fibrosum；In described Armillaria mellea fermented solution, living bacteria count is 1.0-3.0 × 106/ mL, described hay spore In bacillus fermentation liquid, living bacteria count is 1.0-1.2 × 1010/mL.
Preferably, described cultigen condition of culture includes：Temperature be 20-22 DEG C, humidity be 55-65% under constant temperature training Support, general culture 35-50 days；Lucifuge culture in early stage 10 days, later stage intensity of illumination is 1000-1500 1x (lux)；Favorably In mycelia fast-growth.
Mother culture media of the present invention, pedigree seed culture medium all can be obtained by this area conventional method.
The described substituting stuff cultivation mushroom producing culture time is generally 30-50d.
Preferably, described substituting stuff cultivation condition includes：Cultivation temperature is 28-30 DEG C, and relative air humidity is 60-75%, Lucifuge culture in early stage 10 days, later stage intensity of illumination is 1000-1500 1x (lux)；Be conducive to mycelia fast-growth.
The present invention also provides a kind of mother culture media of cultivating ganoderma, including following component：Rhizoma Solani tuber osi 200-300g/L, Portugal Grape sugar 20-30g/L, Carnis Bovis seu Bubali cream 3-5g/L, peptone 4-10g/L, agar powder 15-20g/L；Preferably, described mother culture media Including following component：Rhizoma Solani tuber osi 250g/L, glucose 25g/L, Carnis Bovis seu Bubali cream 3g/L, peptone 6g/L, agar powder 15-20g/L.
The present invention also provides a kind of pedigree seed culture medium of cultivating ganoderma, including the composition of following weight portion：Wood flour 60-80 Part, corn cob 5-10 part, Testa Tritici 10-15 part, brown sugar 1-3 part, Gypsum Fibrosum powder 1-3 part, KNO30.05-0.5 part；Described original seed training Foster base water content is 55-60%；Preferably, described pedigree seed culture medium includes the composition of following weight portion：70 parts of wood flour, corn cob 6 parts, 15 parts of Testa Tritici, 2 parts of brown sugar, 1 part of Gypsum Fibrosum powder, KNO30.25 part；Described pedigree seed culture medium water content is 55-60%.
The present invention also provides a kind of Cultivar culture medium of cultivating ganoderma or generation material culture medium, former including following weight portion Material：Corn straw 50-80 part, wood flour 30-50 part, pig manure 10-25 part, cattle manure 10-25, rapeseed meal 5-25 part, humic acidss 5-10 Part, Armillaria mellea (Armillaria mellea (Vahl.ex Fr.) Quel.) fermentation liquid 1-10 part, bacillus subtilises (Bacillus subtilis) fermentation liquid 1-10 part, Gypsum Fibrosum 1-3 part；In described Armillaria mellea fermented solution, living bacteria count is 1.0- 5.0×106/ mL, in described bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor, living bacteria count is 1.0-1.5 × 1010/mL；Described cultigen training The preparation method of foster base comprises the following steps：By proportioning, each raw material is mixed, add water to water content 50-70%, ferment to becoming thoroughly decomposed； Adjust moisture to 55-60%, sterilize, you can.
Preferably, described Cultivar culture medium or generation material culture medium, including the raw material of following weight portion：Corn straw 65 Part, 40 parts of wood flour, 15 parts of pig manure, cattle manure 20,15 parts of rapeseed meal, 6 parts of humic acidss, 5 parts of Armillaria mellea fermented solution, bacillus subtilises 5 parts of fermentation liquid, 2 parts of Gypsum Fibrosum；In described Armillaria mellea fermented solution, living bacteria count is 1.0-3.0 × 106/ mL, described hay spore In bacillus fermentation liquid, living bacteria count is 1.0-1.2 × 1010/mL.
Described corn straw is preferably pulverized or is cut to the segment of below 1-3cm.
Described humic acidss are commercially available to be buied, for example, be purchased from Shandong Creation Hhumic Acid Science and Technology Co., Ltd.
Described bacillus subtilises are preferably CGMCC 1.3358.
Armillaria mellea of the present invention, bacillus subtilises all can pass through commercially available, such as purchased from China's commonly micro- life Thing DSMZ.
Sterilizing described in the preparation method of Cultivar culture medium or generation material culture medium needs thoroughly to inactivate bacillus subtilises And its various microorganisms such as spore, this area conventional sterilization procedures can be adopted.
Described Armillaria mellea fermented solution preparation can adopt this area conventional method, and such as preparation method includes taking Armillaria mellea female Kind, it is inoculated in culture fluid, shaking table culture 5-10d, filter Armillaria mellea fungus ball with gauze, obtain final product Armillaria mellea fermented solution；It is placed in ice Preserve in case.The preferred 140-160rpm shaken cultivation of described shaking table culture rotating speed, preferred 22-26 DEG C of cultivation temperature；General 250mL Bottled Culture liquid measure 125-150mL of triangle, bottled Culture liquid measure 250-300mL of 500mL triangle.
Described bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor preparation can adopt this area conventional method, for example, comprise the following steps：
1) slant culture：The original strain of bacillus subtilises is aseptically inoculated on slant medium, 36-48h is cultivated under the conditions of 29 ± 1 DEG C；The formula of slant medium is as follows：Glucose 15g, peptone 5g, yeast extract 5g, water 1000mL, agar 15g；
2) shaking table culture：By step 1) strain that obtains of culture is inoculated in fluid medium, in pH 6.5-7.0, temperature be Under the conditions of 30 ± 2 DEG C, 140-160r/min shaking table culture 36-48h；Liquid culture based formulas are as follows：Semen Maydis powder 13g, glucose 5g, soybean cake powder 20g, fish flour 5g, CaCO32g, (NH4)2SO41g, K2HPO40.3g, MgSO4·7H2O 0.2g, MnSO4· H2O 0.2g, water 1000ml；
3) fermentor cultivation：By step 2) strain that obtains of culture is inoculated in fermentation tank culture medium, in pH 7.5-8.0, tank Pressure 0.5kg, temperature are 30 ± 2 DEG C, ventilation 1:Under the conditions of 0.8-1.1, it is more than 1.0-1.2 × 10 to bacterium number10/ mL tank at present, Obtain final product bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor；Fermentor cultivation based formulas are as follows：Semen Maydis powder 5kg, soybean cake powder 2.5kg, ammonium sulfate 0.5kg, glucose 1.5kg, yeast powder 0.5kg, peptone 0.25kg, add water to 100kg；It is generally incubated 48-56h.
Specifically, Cultivar culture medium or generation material culture medium preparation method described in ferment to become thoroughly decomposed including：Fermentation heap First time turning when interior temperature reaches 50 DEG C, turning daily 1-2 time later, and supplement amount of water, treat that fermentation heap temperature reduces To less than 35 DEG C, moisture be down to less than 30% end fermentation.
Ganoderma of the present invention is preferably Ganoderma Ganoderma lucidum (Leyss.:Fr.)Karst；Ganoderma Ganoderma sinense J.D.Zhao,L.W.Hsu et X.Q.Zhang；Ganoderma capenseD.A.Reid Ganoderma capense (L loyd)D.A.Reid.
All commercially available the buying of Ganderma lucidum strain of the present invention obtains it is also possible to separate from wild Ganoderma sporophore.
Present invention optimizes mother culture media, pedigree seed culture medium and Cultivar culture medium, make Mycelium Growth of Ganoderma lucidum faster, more The later stage is conducive to form sporophore.Especially, Cultivar culture medium of the present invention is remarkably improved Ganoderma sporophore and spore powder produces Amount, and also significantly improve the content of the effective ingredient such as ganoderan, Ganoderma total triterpenes acid.The present invention first should by Armillaria mellea Use in the rotten fermentation of cultivation of glossy ganoderma kind culture medium heap, obtained Cultivar culture medium (also being used as generation material culture medium) possesses suppression Bacterium function, significantly reduces bacterial contamination rate, improves Ganoderma quality, increased economic benefit.In addition, the present invention is first by jade Rice straw is used as in cultivation of glossy ganoderma, solves a utilization difficult problem for agricultural crop straw, has widened culture medium raw material source, reduced life Produce cost.The organic waste materials of agriculture and forestry product can be comprehensively utilized using substituting stuff cultivation, be suitable for promoting in non-forest land area or less-forested areas Use, and good economic benefit can be reached with reasonable arrangement place.The inventive method is simple and easy to do, invests little, instant effect, Easy to spread；The inventive method mycelial growth rate is fast, the average daily speed of growth of mycelia up to 18-20mm/d, sporophore biology , up to 9%-15%, fruiting body yield is high, quality is good for efficiency.
Specific embodiment
Following examples are used for the present invention is described, but are not limited to the scope of the present invention.Unreceipted concrete in embodiment Technology or condition person, according to the technology described by document in the art or condition, or are carried out according to product description.Used Reagent or the unreceipted production firm person of instrument, are the conventional products being commercially available by regular distributor.
Strain of the present invention all can pass through commercially available.Described below bacillus subtilises are CGMCC 1.3358.Below Described corn straw is size-reduced or segment that be cut to below 1-3cm.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cultural method of Ganoderma, comprises the following steps：
1) by Ganoderma Ganoderma lucidum (Leyss.:Fr.) Karst parent species are seeded to mother culture media in 22-26 At DEG C, constant temperature culture 5-7 days is supported, and obtains lucid ganoderma stock culture.Described mother culture media includes following component：Rhizoma Solani tuber osi 250g/L, Fructus Vitis viniferae Sugared 25g/L, Carnis Bovis seu Bubali cream 3g/L, peptone 6g/L, agar powder 15-20g/L.
2) lucid ganoderma stock culture is seeded to pedigree seed culture medium to cultivate under temperature 20-22 DEG C, humidity 55-65%, obtains Ganoderma Original seed.Described pedigree seed culture medium includes the composition of following weight portion：70 parts of wood flour, 6 parts of corn cob, 15 parts of Testa Tritici, 2 parts of brown sugar, 1 part of Gypsum Fibrosum powder, KNO30.25 part；Described pedigree seed culture medium water content is 55-60%；Pedigree seed culture medium makes 500mL original seed Bottle.The preparation method of described pedigree seed culture medium includes taking each raw material by proportioning, adjusts moisture, sterilizing after mixing.
Described Mother culture, Primary spawn condition are all cultivated in darkroom lucifuge.
3) Ganoderma original seed is seeded to culture in the Cultivar culture medium in cultivating bag, obtains cultivation of glossy ganoderma kind.Described cultivation Cultivate condition of culture include temperature be 20-22 DEG C, humidity be constant temperature culture under 55-65%, general culture 35-50 days；Early stage Lucifuge culture in 10 days, later stage intensity of illumination is 1000-1500 1x (lux).
Described Cultivar culture medium includes the raw material of following weight portion：65 parts of corn straw, 40 parts of wood flour, 15 parts of pig manure, Cattle manure 20,15 parts of rapeseed meal, 6 parts of humic acidss, 5 parts of Armillaria mellea fermented solution, 5 parts of bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor, 2 parts of Gypsum Fibrosum；Institute Stating living bacteria count in Armillaria mellea fermented solution is 1.0-3.0 × 106/ mL, effective viable bacteria in described bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor Number is 1.0-1.2 × 1010/mL.Described Armillaria mellea fermented solution preparation method includes taking Armillaria mellea parent species, is inoculated in culture fluid, shakes Bed 140rpm culture 7-8d, cultivation temperature 22-26 DEG C, filter Armillaria mellea fungus ball with gauze, obtain final product Armillaria mellea fermented solution.
The preparation method of described Cultivar culture medium comprises the following steps：By proportioning, each raw material is mixed, add water to aqueous Amount 50-70%, first time turning when temperature reaches 50 DEG C in fermentation heap, turning daily 1-2 time later, and supplement amount of water, Treat fermentation heap temperature be reduced to less than 35 DEG C, moisture be down to less than 30% and show fermentation maturity, terminate fermentation；Adjust moisture To 55-60%, thoroughly sterilize content (thoroughly inactivateing the various microorganism such as bacillus subtilises and its spore), you can.
4) described cultivation of glossy ganoderma kind is carried out substituting stuff cultivation mushroom producing culture, obtain Ganoderma.Described generation material culture medium and cultivation Plant culture medium identical.Described substituting stuff cultivation condition includes：Cultivation temperature is 28-30 DEG C, and relative air humidity is 60-75%, front Lucifuge culture in 10 days phases, later stage intensity of illumination is 1000-1500 1x (lux).
Parent species, original seed, cultigen, the average daily speed of growth of cultivating bag mycelia are all up to 18-20mm/d.From former base to sporophore Maturation typically needs 30-45d, can harvest within 1.5-2 month after general culture；Done in terms of generation material dry weight by 1000kg, can adopt then Receive Ganoderma sporophore 90-125kg.Spore powder and fruiting body yield are than for 25%-33%.(sporophore and spore powder yield all with Dry weight meter, similarly hereinafter.)
Embodiment 2
A kind of cultural method of Ganoderma, with differing only in of embodiment 1：Described mother culture media includes following component： Rhizoma Solani tuber osi 200g/L, glucose 20g/L, Carnis Bovis seu Bubali cream 3g/L, peptone 4g/L, agar powder 15g/L；Described pedigree seed culture medium includes The composition of following weight portion：60 parts of wood flour, 5 parts of corn cob, 10 parts of Testa Tritici, 1 part of brown sugar, 1 part of Gypsum Fibrosum powder, KNO30.05 part；Institute Stating pedigree seed culture medium water content is 55-60%；Described Cultivar culture medium includes the raw material of following weight portion：Corn straw 50 Part, 30 parts of wood flour, 10 parts of pig manure, cattle manure 10,5 parts of rapeseed meal, 5 parts of humic acidss, 1 part of Armillaria mellea fermented solution, bacillus subtilises 1 part of fermentation liquid, 1 part of Gypsum Fibrosum；In described Armillaria mellea fermented solution, living bacteria count is 1.0-2.0 × 106/ mL, described hay spore In bacillus fermentation liquid, living bacteria count is 1.0-1.2 × 1010/mL.
Parent species, original seed, cultigen, the average daily speed of growth of cultivating bag mycelia are all up to 18-20mm/d.From former base to sporophore Maturation typically needs 30-45d, can harvest within 1.5-2 month after general culture；Done in terms of generation material dry weight by 1000kg, can adopt then Receive Ganoderma sporophore 90-115kg.Spore powder and fruiting body yield are than for 44%-52%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cultural method of Ganoderma, with differing only in of embodiment 1：Described Ganoderma is Ganoderma Ganoderma sinense J.D.Zhao,L.W.Hsu et X.Q.Zhang.Parent species, original seed, cultigen, the average daily speed of growth of cultivating bag mycelia All up to 18-20mm/d.Typically need 30-45d from former base to sporophore maturation, can harvest within 1.5-2 month after general culture；With 1000kg does generation material dry weight meter, can harvest Ganoderma sporophore 90-115kg then.
Embodiment 4
A kind of cultural method of Ganoderma, with differing only in of embodiment 1：Described mother culture media includes following component： Rhizoma Solani tuber osi 300g/L, glucose 30g/L, Carnis Bovis seu Bubali cream 5g/L, peptone 10g/L, agar powder 20g/L；Described pedigree seed culture medium bag Include the composition of following weight portion：80 parts of wood flour, 10 parts of corn cob, 15 parts of Testa Tritici, 3 parts of brown sugar, 3 parts of Gypsum Fibrosum powder, KNO30.3 part； Described pedigree seed culture medium water content is 55-60%；Described Cultivar culture medium includes the raw material of following weight portion：Corn straw 80 Part, 50 parts of wood flour, 25 parts of pig manure, cattle manure 25,25 parts of rapeseed meal, 10 parts of humic acidss, 10 parts of Armillaria mellea fermented solution, bacillus subtilis 10 parts of fermented liquid, 3 parts of Gypsum Fibrosum；In described Armillaria mellea fermented solution, living bacteria count is 1.0-2.0 × 106/ mL, described hay bud In spore bacillus fermentation liquid, living bacteria count is 1.0-1.2 × 1010/mL.
Parent species, original seed, cultigen, the average daily speed of growth of cultivating bag mycelia are all up to 18-20mm/d.From former base to sporophore Maturation typically needs 30-45d, can harvest within 1.5-2 month after general culture；Done in terms of generation material dry weight by 1000kg, can adopt then Receive Ganoderma sporophore 90-120kg.Spore powder and fruiting body yield are than for 38%-45%.
Embodiment 5
A kind of cultural method of Ganoderma, with differing only in of embodiment 1：Described Ganoderma is Ganoderma capenseD.A.Reid Ganoderma capense(L loyd)D.A.Reid.Parent species, original seed, cultigen, the average daily speed of growth of cultivating bag mycelia are all up to 18-20mm/ d.Typically need 30-45d from former base to sporophore maturation, can harvest within 1.5-2 month after general culture；Generation material is done with 1000kg dry Restatement, can harvest Ganoderma sporophore 90-120kg then.
Comparative example 1
A kind of cultural method of Ganoderma, with differing only in of embodiment 1：Mother culture media adopts PDA culture medium, including Following component：Rhizoma Solani tuber osi 200g/L, glucose 20g/L, agar powder 15g/L；Pedigree seed culture medium includes the composition of following weight portion： 80 parts of hardwood sawdust, 18 parts of Testa Tritici, 1 part of sucrose, 1 part of Gypsum Fibrosum powder, add water after stirring, and final moisture content in medium is 55-60%；Described Mother culture, Primary spawn are 22 DEG C -25 DEG C constant temperature darkroom lucifuge cultures；Described Cultivar culture medium with Substituting stuff cultivation culture medium is identical, including the composition of following weight portion：73 parts of weed tree sawdust, 25 parts of Testa Tritici, 1 part of analysis for soybean powder, Gypsum Fibrosum powder 1 Part.Described substituting stuff cultivation condition includes：Cultivation temperature is 25-26 DEG C, and relative air humidity is 60-95%, front 20d intensity of illumination 1000-1500 lux, later stage intensity of illumination 1500-3000 lux.
Parent species, original seed, cultigen, the general 10-15mm/d of the average daily speed of growth of cultivating bag mycelia.Become from former base to sporophore Ripe typically need 40-50d, general cultivate after can harvest within 2-2.5 month；Done in terms of generation material dry weight by 1000kg, can harvest then Ganoderma sporophore 45-55kg.Spore powder and fruiting body yield are than for 13%-15%.Compared with Example 1, cultivating bag miscellaneous bacteria is dirty The high 5-13% of dye rate.
Comparative example 2
A kind of cultural method of Ganoderma, with differing only in of embodiment 1：Mother culture media adopts PDA culture medium, including Following component：Rhizoma Solani tuber osi 200g/L, glucose 20g/L, agar powder 15g/L；Pedigree seed culture medium includes the composition of following weight portion： 80 parts of wood flour, 6 parts of corn cob, 18 parts of Testa Tritici, 1 part of Gypsum Fibrosum powder；Add water after stirring, final moisture content in medium is 55- 60%；Described Mother culture, Primary spawn are 22 DEG C -25 DEG C constant temperature darkroom lucifuge cultures.Described Cultivar culture medium and generation Material culture medium for cultivating is identical, including the composition of following weight portion：78 parts of cotton seed hullss, 20 parts of Testa Tritici, 1 part of sucrose, 1 part of Gypsum Fibrosum；Institute State substituting stuff cultivation condition to include：Cultivation temperature is 25-26 DEG C, and relative air humidity is 60-95%, front 20d intensity of illumination 1000- 1500 luxs, later stage intensity of illumination 1500-3000 lux.
Parent species, original seed, cultigen, the general 10-15mm/d of the average daily speed of growth of cultivating bag mycelia.Become from former base to sporophore Ripe typically need 40-50d, general cultivate after can harvest within 2-2.5 month；Done in terms of generation material dry weight by 1000kg, can harvest then Ganoderma sporophore 45-50kg.Spore powder and fruiting body yield are than for 17%-21%.Compared with Example 1, cultivating bag miscellaneous bacteria is dirty The high 5-15% of dye rate.
Comparative example 3
A kind of cultural method of Ganoderma, with differing only in of comparative example 2：Described Ganoderma is Ganoderma Ganoderma sinense J.D.Zhao,L.W.Hsu et X.Q.Zhang.Parent species, original seed, cultigen, the average daily speed of growth of cultivating bag mycelia General 10-15mm/d.Typically need 40-50d from former base to sporophore maturation, can harvest within 2-2.5 month after general culture；With 1000kg does generation material dry weight meter, can harvest Ganoderma sporophore 45-50kg then.Compared with Example 1, cultivating bag living contaminantses The high 5-15% of rate.
Comparative example 4
A kind of cultural method of Ganoderma, with differing only in of embodiment 1：Mother culture media adopts PDA culture medium, including Following component：Rhizoma Solani tuber osi 200g/L, glucose 20g/L, agar powder 15g/L；Pedigree seed culture medium includes the composition of following weight portion： 80 parts of wood flour, 6 parts of corn cob, 18 parts of Testa Tritici, 1 part of Gypsum Fibrosum powder；Add water after stirring, final moisture content in medium is 55- 60%；Described Mother culture, Primary spawn are 22 DEG C -25 DEG C constant temperature darkroom lucifuge cultures.Described Cultivar culture medium and generation Material culture medium for cultivating is identical, including the composition of following weight portion：43 parts of cotton seed hullss, 42 parts of weed tree sawdust, 10 parts of Testa Tritici, soybean cake powder 3 Part, 1 part of calcium superphosphate, 1 part of Gypsum Fibrosum.Described substituting stuff cultivation condition includes：Cultivation temperature is 26-28 DEG C, and relative air humidity is 60-95%, front 20d intensity of illumination 1000-1500 lux, later stage intensity of illumination 1500-3000 lux.
Parent species, original seed, cultigen, the general 10-15mm/d of the average daily speed of growth of cultivating bag mycelia.Become from former base to sporophore Ripe typically need 40-50d, general cultivate after can harvest within 2-2.5 month；Done in terms of generation material dry weight by 1000kg, can harvest then Ganoderma sporophore 45-50kg.Spore powder and fruiting body yield are than for 20%-26%.Compared with Example 1, cultivating bag miscellaneous bacteria is dirty The high 5-12% of dye rate.
Comparative example 5
A kind of cultural method of Ganoderma, with differing only in of comparative example 4：Described Ganoderma is Ganoderma capenseD.A.Reid Ganoderma capense(L loyd)D.A.Reid.Parent species, original seed, cultigen, the general 10-15mm/d of the average daily speed of growth of cultivating bag mycelia. Typically need 40-50d from former base to sporophore maturation, can harvest within 2-2.5 month after general culture；Generation material dry weight is done with 1000kg Meter, can harvest Ganoderma sporophore 45-50kg then.Compared with Example 1, the high 5-12% of cultivating bag bacterial contamination rate.
Comparative example 6
A kind of cultural method of Ganoderma, with differing only in of embodiment 1：Described Cultivar culture medium and generation material culture medium Raw material do not include Armillaria mellea fermented solution and bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor.
Parent species, original seed, cultigen, the general 13-16mm/d of the average daily speed of growth of cultivating bag mycelia.Become from former base to sporophore Ripe typically need 40-45d, general cultivate after can harvest within 2-2.5 month；Done in terms of generation material dry weight by 1000kg, can harvest then Ganoderma sporophore 50-65kg.Spore powder and fruiting body yield are than for 14%-15%.Compared with Example 1, cultivating bag miscellaneous bacteria is dirty The high 5-10% of dye rate.
Respectively embodiment 1-5 and comparative example 1-6 Ganoderma sporophore are detected, result such as following table.Detection method is respectively With reference to " Zhang Zhijun etc., the Phenol sulfuric acid procedure detection research of ganoderma polyoses content, food industry science and technology, 2006 (2):193-195”； " Li Baoming etc., the research of Ganoderma total triterpenes acid content assay method, CHINA JOURNAL OF CHINESE MATERIA MEDICA, 2006 (12):1234-1236”.
Although, above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments, On the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Cause This, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, belong to the scope of protection of present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of cultural method of Ganoderma is it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) lucid ganoderma stock culture is seeded to mother culture media, obtains lucid ganoderma stock culture；
Described mother culture media includes following component：Rhizoma Solani tuber osi 200-300g/L, glucose 20-30g/L, Carnis Bovis seu Bubali cream 3-5g/L, Peptone 4-10g/L, agar powder 15-20g/L；
2) lucid ganoderma stock culture is seeded to pedigree seed culture medium culture, obtains Ganoderma original seed；
Described pedigree seed culture medium includes the composition of following weight portion：Wood flour 60-80 part, corn cob 5-10 part, Testa Tritici 10-15 part, Brown sugar 1-3 part, Gypsum Fibrosum powder 1-3 part, KNO30.05-0.5 part；Described pedigree seed culture medium water content is 55-60%；
3) Ganoderma original seed is seeded to culture in Cultivar culture medium, obtains cultivation of glossy ganoderma kind；
Described Cultivar culture medium includes the raw material of following weight portion：Corn straw 50-80 part, wood flour 30-50 part, pig manure 10- 25 parts, cattle manure 10-25, rapeseed meal 5-25 part, humic acidss 5-10 part, Armillaria mellea fermented solution 1-10 part, fermentation of bacillus subtilis Liquid 1-10 part, Gypsum Fibrosum 1-3 part；In described Armillaria mellea fermented solution, living bacteria count is 1.0-5.0 × 106/ mL, described hay spore In bacillus fermentation liquid, living bacteria count is 1.0-1.5 × 1010/mL；The preparation method of described Cultivar culture medium includes following step Suddenly：By proportioning, each raw material is mixed, add water to water content 50-70%, ferment to becoming thoroughly decomposed；Adjust moisture to 55-60%, go out Bacterium, you can；
4) described cultivation of glossy ganoderma kind is carried out substituting stuff cultivation, obtain Ganoderma；The culture medium of described substituting stuff cultivation is cultivated with cultigen Base is identical.
2. cultural method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described mother culture media includes following component：Ma Ling Potato 250g/L, glucose 25g/L, Carnis Bovis seu Bubali cream 3g/L, peptone 6g/L, agar powder 15-20g/L；And/or,
Described pedigree seed culture medium includes the composition of following weight portion：70 parts of wood flour, 6 parts of corn cob, 15 parts of Testa Tritici, 2 parts of brown sugar, stone 1 part of cream powder, KNO30.25 part；Described pedigree seed culture medium water content is 55-60%；And/or,
Described Cultivar culture medium, generation material culture medium, including the raw material of following weight portion：65 parts of corn straw, 40 parts of wood flour, pig 15 parts of excrement, cattle manure 20,15 parts of rapeseed meal, 6 parts of humic acidss, 5 parts of Armillaria mellea fermented solution, 5 parts of bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor, Gypsum Fibrosum 2 parts；In described Armillaria mellea fermented solution, living bacteria count is 1.0-3.0 × 106/ mL, has in described bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor Effect viable count is 1.0-1.2 × 1010/mL.
3. cultural method according to claim 1 and 2 is it is characterised in that described Mother culture condition includes：In 22-26 Constant temperature lucifuge culture at DEG C；And/or,
Described Primary spawn condition includes：Temperature be 20-22 DEG C, humidity be 55-65% under constant temperature lucifuge culture；And/or,
Described cultigen condition of culture includes：Temperature be 20-22 DEG C, humidity be 55-65% under constant temperature culture；In early stage 10 days Lucifuge is cultivated, and later stage intensity of illumination is 1000-1500 1x；And/or,
Described substituting stuff cultivation condition includes：Cultivation temperature is 28-30 DEG C, and relative air humidity is 60-75%, and early stage was kept away in 10 days Optical culture, later stage intensity of illumination is 1000-1500 1x.
4. the cultural method according to any one of claim 1-3 is it is characterised in that described Ganoderma is Ganoderma (Ganoderma lucidum(Leyss.:Fr.)Karst)；Ganoderma (Ganoderma sinense J.D.Zhao, L.W.Hsu et X.Q.Zhang)；Or Ganoderma capenseD.A.Reid (Ganoderma capense (L loyd) D.A.Reid).
5. a kind of mother culture media of cultivating ganoderma is it is characterised in that include following component：Rhizoma Solani tuber osi 200-300g/L, Fructus Vitis viniferae Sugared 20-30g/L, Carnis Bovis seu Bubali cream 3-5g/L, peptone 4-10g/L, agar powder 15-20g/L；Preferably, described mother culture media bag Include following component：Rhizoma Solani tuber osi 250g/L, glucose 25g/L, Carnis Bovis seu Bubali cream 3g/L, peptone 6g/L, agar powder 15-20g/L.
6. a kind of pedigree seed culture medium of cultivating ganoderma is it is characterised in that include the composition of following weight portion：Wood flour 60-80 part, jade Rice core 5-10 part, Testa Tritici 10-15 part, brown sugar 1-3 part, Gypsum Fibrosum powder 1-3 part, KNO30.05-0.5 part；Described pedigree seed culture medium contains The water yield is 55-60%；Preferably, described pedigree seed culture medium includes the composition of following weight portion：70 parts of wood flour, 6 parts of corn cob, wheat 15 parts of bran, 2 parts of brown sugar, 1 part of Gypsum Fibrosum powder, KNO30.25 part；Described pedigree seed culture medium water content is 55-60%.
7. a kind of Cultivar culture medium of cultivating ganoderma or generation material culture medium are it is characterised in that include the raw material of following weight portion： Corn straw 50-80 part, wood flour 30-50 part, pig manure 10-25 part, cattle manure 10-25, rapeseed meal 5-25 part, humic acidss 5-10 part, Armillaria mellea fermented solution 1-10 part, bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor 1-10 part, Gypsum Fibrosum 1-3 part；In described Armillaria mellea fermented solution effectively Viable count is 1.0-5.0 × 106/ mL, in described bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor, living bacteria count is 1.0-1.5 × 1010/mL； The preparation method of described Cultivar culture medium comprises the following steps：By proportioning, each raw material is mixed, add water to water content 50- 70%, ferment to becoming thoroughly decomposed；Adjust moisture to 55-60%, sterilize, you can.
8. Cultivar culture medium according to claim 7 or generation material culture medium are it is characterised in that include following weight portion Raw material：65 parts of corn straw, 40 parts of wood flour, 15 parts of pig manure, cattle manure 20,15 parts of rapeseed meal, 6 parts of humic acidss, Armillaria mellea fermented solution 5 Part, 5 parts of bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor, 2 parts of Gypsum Fibrosum；In described Armillaria mellea fermented solution, living bacteria count is 1.0-3.0 × 106/ ML, in described bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor, living bacteria count is 1.0-1.2 × 1010/mL.
9. the Cultivar culture medium according to claim 7 or 8 or generation material culture medium are it is characterised in that described hay spore Bacillus is CGMCC 1.3358.
10. the Cultivar culture medium according to claim 7 or 8 or generation material culture medium are it is characterised in that described fermentation is to corruption Ripe inclusion：First time turning when temperature reaches 50 DEG C in fermentation heap, turning daily 1-2 time later, and supplement amount of water, pending Ferment heap temperature be reduced to less than 35 DEG C, moisture be down to less than 30% end fermentation.
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CN114085781A (en) * 2021-11-24 2022-02-25 贵州省土壤肥料研究所(贵州省生态农业工程技术研究中心)(贵州省农业资源与环境研究所) Ganoderma GZ and application thereof

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