CN106478293B - A kind of implantation methods of dragon fruit low temperature environment - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of dragon fruit low temperature environment Download PDFInfo
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/246—Air-conditioning systems
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of implantation methods of dragon fruit low temperature environment, belongs to dragon fruit planting technology field.The method are as follows: (1) greenhouse is divided into several compartments, the outer surface plastic foam or straw seat of greenhouse, inner greenhouse ground face are paved with thermal barrier, and install incandescent lamp and steam heating pipe heating, temperature control heating device is arranged in compartment, while being equipped with several ventilators；(2) by dragon fruit seed in soil and fertilizer packet, and rice bran is uniformly sprinkled on soil and fertilizer packet surface；(3) shower is installed right above soil and fertilizer packet, shower connects automatic water pump and forms automatic sprinkler fire-extinguishing system；(4) daily management.The temperature automatically controlled, ventilation of the present invention, the mode of insulation, make dragon fruit keep best growth temperature；With automatic sprinkler fire-extinguishing system to dragon fruit watering, laxative and top dressing, dragon fruit plantation efficiency is improved, saves cost of labor, while planting using soil and fertilizer packet, not only draining but also fertilizer efficiency concentration, substantially increase the planting benefit of dragon fruit.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to dragon fruit planting technology fields, and in particular to a kind of implantation methods of dragon fruit low temperature environment.
[background technique]
Dragon fruit is the torrid zone, subtropical fruit, and cultivation technique is simple.Property happiness warm moist, it is resistance to shade impoverishment tolerant, growth
Optimum temperature is 25~35 DEG C, but place of the year lowest temperature higher than 5 DEG C outdoor can plant.Requirement to soil is not tight, level land,
Paddy field, hillside or nonirrigated farmland can cultivate, the well-grown in fertile, well-drained neutral or subacidity sand red soil or loam,
Has aerial root, how strong root is, vitality and its vigorous.Propagation method mainly uses cuttage and grafting, when plantation general line-spacing 6~
24~38 caves, 3~4 plants of every cave is arranged in 7m, 3~4m of spacing in the rows per acre.Some organic fertilizers, summer high-temperature are suitably applied in management process
Arid pays attention to irrigating, and the rainy day pays attention to draining flooded fields, and anti-ponding avoids bacterium, fungal infection.It is general that pest and disease damage seldom occurs, even if having
It is a small amount of to occur, it can handle and prevent using the pesticide of some high-efficiency low-toxicities.The phase of yielding positive results of dragon fruit is annual 5~
It can be harvested when fruit gradually becomes aubergine by green November.The exploitation of dragon fruit is in high-fat, high heat, high protein
There is the dragon fruit of beauty and health care double effects today that eating patterns cause hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemic patients increasing, it may be said that
It is the optimal selection of people.For dragon fruit in addition to eating raw, flower and fruit can be processed into various nutritional health foods, such as dragon fruit
Juice, sauce, dried meat and tinned drink etc., unique flavor.Colored and stem can be used as medicine, if the effective component that can extract its flower and stem is processed
It is largely effective to treatment hypertension, diabetes at drugs such as capsule, pills.In addition, the stem of dragon fruit is that precious cactus is transferred
The ideal stock connect can be fabricated to the ornamental gardening of family and plant schlumbergera, various strange cactus with globular graftings on it
Object, and the flower of dragon fruit and fruit intrinsic colour are also very bright-coloured, therefore can also cultivate directly as potted landscape and garden ornamental.
Cultivation history of the dragon fruit in China is shorter, only rises at present in the parts provinces and regions such as Taiwan, Hainan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian,
Cultivated area is also extremely limited, and this year, the market price in Chaozhou was 6~10 yuan/, forms the huge spread for supplying and needing, to sum up institute
It states, the development prospect of dragon fruit is boundless.
Dragon fruit category tropical plants, in subtropical zone, the key of plantation is the control and assurance of its growth temperature.According to
Information and it was verified that dragon fruit in 5 DEG C and following environment, vital movement stop, resulting even in its death, this at
It carries out planting primary problem to be solved in subtropical zone for dragon fruit.Solution is at present: the measure of heat preservation is mainly adopted
With the method for bilayer film plus straw screen or mat, this method there are fogs it is big, stuffy, light is poor the problems such as, be easy to be that plant must be planted
Object disease.Publication number CN101715682B " implantation methods of pitaya in low-temperature environment " illustrates in greenhouse with electric-heating-wire-heating,
And husk is spread on heating wire etc., it be easy to cause fever excessive in the case where oxygen abundance, the substance combustions such as husk are made
At danger, and existing heating wire in greenhouse, and have the electric light of high wattage, it be easy to cause temperature is excessively high to lose dragon fruit seedling or tree
Deactivation, leads to death, therefore completes temperature control with the method automatically controlled and become low temperature environment plantation dragon fruit
It is crucial.
[summary of the invention]
Goal of the invention of the invention is: in view of the above problems, providing a kind of plantation of dragon fruit low temperature environment
Method, the mode of the present invention temperature automatically controlled, automatic air-exchanging, insulation, makes dragon fruit be maintained at 25~35 DEG C in the environment
Best growth temperature；With automatic sprinkler fire-extinguishing system to dragon fruit watering, laxative and top dressing, the greenhouse gardening effect of dragon fruit is improved
Rate has saved cost of labor, while having planted dragon fruit using soil and fertilizer packet, can not only make fertilizer packet draining but also fertilizer efficiency collection
In, soil and fertilizer packet can be reused, the planting benefit of dragon fruit is substantially increased.
To achieve the goals above, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of implantation methods of dragon fruit low temperature environment of the present invention, comprising the following steps:
(1) by planting greenhouse plastic film seal, greenhouse is then divided into 150~200m2Several compartments, greenhouse
All cladding thickness are not less than the plastic foams or straw seat of 5cm for outer surface, each compartment ground in greenhouse be all paved with every
Hot object forms the thermal insulation layer of 5-10cm, and each compartment installs the incandescent lamp of 4~6 100~200W, and each compartment is respectively provided with heating
Section of jurisdiction is heated to compartment, and temperature control heating device also is arranged in each compartment, is equipped with several ventilators on the wall of each compartment,
Ventilator is connected to outdoor；
(2) planting soil fertilizer packet is placed according to 6~7m of line-spacing, 3~4m of spacing in the rows in each compartment, soil and fertilizer packet is put
On thermal insulation layer, dragon fruit seed is implanted in soil and fertilizer packet, is the center of circle in soil and fertilizer packet using the root of dragon fruit seedling
Surface uniformly sprinkles the rice bran after one layer of 5~10cm；
(3) shower, all flowers are installed in the position of 2.0~3.0m right above the soil and fertilizer packet of each dragon fruit plantation
It spills and is connected to automatic water pump through water pipe, periodically sprinkle water to dragon fruit, chase after foliar fertilizer or insecticide；
(4) management of other daily dragon fruit plantations.
Temperature control heating device used in the present invention is automatic heating, can automatically turn on or close according to environment temperature and heat
Device is dragon fruit optimum growth temp range, temperature control heating device is not when the environment temperature of compartment is between 25~35 DEG C
Starting, when the environment temperature in compartment starts lower than 25 DEG C of temperature control heating devices and starts to heat compartment environment, until compartment
After interior temperature reaches 25 DEG C or more, temperature control heating device stops working again, the effect of temperature control heating device be exactly be used for compensate every
Between temperature, so that compartment dragon fruit is provided best growing environment temperature.
There are also temperature inductor and timing means on ventilator used in the present invention, and when temperature is more than 35 DEG C, ventilator is certainly
Dynamic starting ventilatory, while primary gas, 10~20min of time of exchanging gas were changed every 8~10 hours；With greenhouse gardening dragon fruit,
Humidity height, fog are big, stuffy in greenhouse, are easy to impact the normal growth breathing of dragon fruit, plant is caused pest occur
Epidemic disease, timing or temperature control ventilation, it can prevent in compartment temperature is excessively high dragon fruit growth activity is caused to be deteriorated, and can guarantee compartment
Interior humidity environment reduces the influence that undesirable element grows up to dragon fruit plant.
The soil and fertilizer packet that the present invention uses is packed into volume by organic fertilizer, hack and additive and plastic foam after mixing
Knit bag composition, wherein organic fertilizer: hack: plastic foam particle: the weight ratio of additive is (10~12): (40~50): (1~
2): (0.8~1.2), soil and fertilizer packet not only convenient in carrying, and also fertilizer efficiency is concentrated, and draining is good；In addition in soil and fertilizer packet also
The partial size of plastic foam particle, particle is not more than 5cm, and plastic foam particle can make the material in soil and fertilizer packet loose, promotes
The breathing of dragon fruit plant root, conducive to the growth of dragon fruit plant, and plastic foam particle is also retained the effect of solid fertilizer,
It can make fertilizer efficiency slow release, extend fertilizer efficiency.
Invention also uses organic fertilizer, the composition and weight ratio of organic fertilizer are barnyard manure: phosphate fertilizer: Chinese medicine insect prevention matrix is
20:3:2 :~10:3:2, wherein phosphate fertilizer be one or both of fishbone dust, shrimp powder mixing, in addition, used in the present invention every
Hot object is the mixing of one or more of straw, husk or sawdust, plays the role of reducing heat loss；Chinese medicine of the present invention
The raw material composition and parts by weight that insect prevention matrix is are as follows: 35 parts of tobacco filament, 45 parts of Chinese prickly ash, 68 parts of garlic, 60 parts of kuh-seng powder, alumen 85
Part, 70 parts of azedarach, 64 parts of sulphur, 60 parts of trifoliate jewelvine, 90 parts of ailanthus altissima leaf, 40 parts of betel nut；Drug in Chinese medicine insect prevention matrix effectively at
Dividing can be out of germ or any position intrusion polypide of polypide, and the nervous system of stimulation and insect to germ, which has, greatly to be destroyed
Power leads to death.
Also contain additive in soil and fertilizer packet of the invention, additive is 1.1 parts of cobalt chloride, 0.9 part of sodium vanadate, molybdic acid
0.85 part of sodium, 1.1 parts of Potassiumiodate, 0.4 part of sodium selenate, 1.35 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.15 part of rhizobium, 0.15 part of Bacillus, addition
It is the necessary microelement of dragon fruit plant in agent, not only contributes to the growth of dragon fruit plant, and plant can be improved
Immunocompetence plays the effect of disease resistance.
In addition, the present invention also installs the incandescent lamp of 4~6 100~200W in each compartment, can not only add to compartment
Heat, and sufficient illumination can be provided to the plant of dragon fruit, illumination condition is provided for dragon fruit plant photosynthesis, and
Sufficient light application time can also accelerate the growth of dragon fruit, shorten fruit-growing time, improve the yield of dragon fruit, improve farmer's
Economic benefit.
In conclusion by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention is using automatic temperature-controlled
Heating device is heated to greenhouse compartment, using air in automatic scavenging machine replacement compartment and the humidity in compartment is adjusted, with heat preservation
Plastic foam covering greenhouse and the ground of compartment is paved with thermal barrier, it is possible to reduce compartment heat scatters and disappears, make dragon fruit every
Between 25~35 DEG C of best growth temperature is kept in environment；Automatic sprinkler fire-extinguishing system is improved to dragon fruit watering, laxative and top dressing
The greenhouse gardening efficiency of dragon fruit has saved cost of labor, while having planted dragon fruit using soil and fertilizer packet, can not only drip
Extra water, and the fertilizer of plantation can be made more to concentrate, it is not required to arrange soil before plantation, save the more time, it is in addition native
Plastic foam particle has been used in earth fertilizer, has had the function of the solid fertilizer of water conservation, soil and fertilizer can also be made loose, soil and fertilizer packet
Surface dragon fruit plant root uses rice bran, can not only inhibit the growth of other weeds, but also can reduce in fertilizer packet
Moisture accelerates evaporation because compartment temperature is high.
In conclusion the present invention can at low ambient temperatures, using greenhouse gardening dragon fruit, and greenhouse-environment temperature is controlled
Good, implantation methods are simple, and the efficiency of management is high, and the soil and fertilizer packet planted not only exempts to arrange, but also can reuse, greatly
Cost of labor has been saved greatly, has improved the planting benefit of dragon fruit.
[specific embodiment]
Below by way of specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of implantation methods of dragon fruit low temperature environment, comprising the following steps:
(1) by planting greenhouse plastic film seal, greenhouse is then divided into 150m2Several compartments, the appearance of greenhouse
Face all coats the plastic foam or straw seat that thickness is not less than 5cm, and each compartment ground in greenhouse is all paved with 5cm thickness
Husk forms thermal insulation layer, and each compartment is installed the incandescent lamp of 4 100W, can not only be heated to compartment, but also can give flue
The plant of fruit provides sufficient illumination, provides illumination condition, and sufficient light application time for dragon fruit plant photosynthesis
It can accelerate the growth of dragon fruit, shorten fruit-growing time, improve the yield of dragon fruit, improve the economic benefit of farmer.In addition, every
A compartment is respectively provided with heating section of jurisdiction and heats to compartment, temperature control heating device also is arranged in each compartment, it is preferable that the temperature control heating
Device is automatic heating, can be automatically turned on according to environment temperature or close heating device, when the environment temperature of compartment is at 25 DEG C
Between when, be dragon fruit optimum growth temp range, temperature control heating device do not start, when the environment temperature in compartment is lower than 25 DEG C
Temperature control heating device starts and starts to heat compartment environment, after temperature reaches 25 DEG C or more in compartment, temperature control heating dress
It sets and stops working, the effect of temperature control heating device is exactly the temperature for compensating compartment, provides compartment dragon fruit best
Growing environment temperature.In addition, being equipped with several ventilators on the wall of each compartment of the greenhouse, ventilator and outdoor are even
It is logical；Preferably, there are also temperature inductor and timing means on ventilator, and when temperature is more than 35 DEG C, ventilator starts automatically to be changed
Airway dysfunction, while primary gas, time of exchanging gas 10min were changed every 8 hours；With greenhouse gardening dragon fruit, in greenhouse, humidity is high, fog
Greatly, stuffy, it is easy to impact the normal growth breathing of dragon fruit, plant is caused pestilence, timing or temperature control ventilation occur,
It can prevent in compartment temperature is excessively high dragon fruit growth activity is caused to be deteriorated, and can guarantee the humidity environment in compartment, reduce
The influence that undesirable element grows up to dragon fruit plant.
(2) planting soil fertilizer packet is placed, dragon fruit seed is implanted in soil according to line-spacing 6m, spacing in the rows 3m in each compartment
Rice bran in earth fertilizer packet, using the root of dragon fruit seedling as the center of circle after soil and fertilizer packet surface uniformly sprinkles one layer of 5cm；It should
The soil and fertilizer packet that step uses is packed into woven bag by organic fertilizer, hack and additive and plastic foam after mixing and forms,
Wherein organic fertilizer: hack: plastic foam particle: the weight ratio of additive is 10:40:1:0.8, the soil and fertilizer packet not only side of carrying
Just, and fertilizer efficiency is concentrated, and draining is good；In fertilizer packet, each component situation are as follows:
The composition and weight ratio of organic fertilizer are barnyard manure: phosphate fertilizer: Chinese medicine insect prevention matrix is 20:3:2, and wherein phosphate fertilizer is fish-bone
Powder；The raw material composition and parts by weight that Chinese medicine insect prevention matrix is are as follows: 35 parts of tobacco filament, 45 parts of Chinese prickly ash, 68 parts of garlic, kuh-seng powder 60
Part, 85 parts of alumen, 70 parts of azedarach, 64 parts of sulphur, 60 parts of trifoliate jewelvine, 90 parts of ailanthus altissima leaf, 40 parts of betel nut；In Chinese medicine insect prevention matrix
Effective ingredient can be out of germ or any position intrusion polypide of polypide, and the nervous system of stimulation and insect to germ has
Great destructive power, leads to death.
Additive group becomes 1.1 parts of cobalt chloride, 0.9 part of sodium vanadate, 0.85 part of sodium molybdate, 1.1 parts of Potassiumiodate, sodium selenate
0.4 part, 1.35 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.15 part of rhizobium, 0.15 part of Bacillus are the necessary micro member of dragon fruit plant in additive
Element, not only contributes to the growth of dragon fruit plant, and the immunocompetence of plant can be improved, and plays the effect of disease resistance.
The partial size of plastic foam particle is not more than 5cm, and plastic foam particle can make the material in soil and fertilizer packet loose, promotees
Into the breathing of dragon fruit plant root, conducive to the growth of dragon fruit plant, and there are also the works for being retained solid fertilizer for plastic foam particle
With can make fertilizer efficiency slow release, extend fertilizer efficiency.
(3) shower, all shower warps are installed in the position of 2.0m right above the soil and fertilizer packet of each dragon fruit plantation
Water pipe is connected to automatic water pump, periodically sprinkles water to dragon fruit, chases after foliar fertilizer or insecticide；
(4) management of other daily dragon fruit plantations.
Embodiment 2
A kind of implantation methods of dragon fruit low temperature environment, comprising the following steps:
(1) by planting greenhouse plastic film seal, greenhouse is then divided into 200m2Several compartments, the appearance of greenhouse
Face all coats the plastic foam or straw seat that thickness is not less than 5cm, and each compartment ground in greenhouse is all paved with 10cm thickness
Straw form thermal insulation layer, each compartment installs the incandescent lamp of 6 200W, and each compartment is respectively provided with heating section of jurisdiction and supplies to compartment
It is warm, temperature control heating device also is set in each compartment, several ventilators, ventilator and outdoor are installed on the wall of each compartment
Connection；
(2) planting soil fertilizer packet is placed, dragon fruit seed is implanted in soil according to line-spacing 7m, spacing in the rows 4m in each compartment
Rice bran in earth fertilizer packet, using the root of dragon fruit seedling as the center of circle after soil and fertilizer packet surface uniformly sprinkles one layer of 10cm；
(3) shower, all shower warps are installed in the position of 3.0m right above the soil and fertilizer packet of each dragon fruit plantation
Water pipe is connected to automatic water pump, periodically sprinkles water to dragon fruit, chases after foliar fertilizer or insecticide；
(4) management of other daily dragon fruit plantations.
Temperature control heating device used in the present invention is automatic heating, can automatically turn on or close according to environment temperature and heat
Device is dragon fruit optimum growth temp range when the environment temperature of compartment is between 35 DEG C, and temperature control heating device does not open
It is dynamic, when the environment temperature in compartment starts lower than 25 DEG C of temperature control heating devices and starts to heat compartment environment, until in compartment
After temperature reaches 25 DEG C or more, temperature control heating device stops working again, and the effect of temperature control heating device is exactly to be used to compensate compartment
Temperature, so that compartment dragon fruit is provided best growing environment temperature.
There are also temperature inductor and timing means on ventilator used in the present invention, and when temperature is more than 35 DEG C, ventilator is certainly
Dynamic starting ventilatory, while primary gas, time of exchanging gas 20min were changed every 10 hours；It is wet in greenhouse with greenhouse gardening dragon fruit
Degree is high, fog is big, stuffy, is easy to impact the normal growth breathing of dragon fruit, and plant is caused pestilence occur, timing or
Temperature control ventilation, it can prevent in compartment temperature is excessively high dragon fruit growth activity is caused to be deteriorated, and can guarantee the humidity in compartment
Environment reduces the influence that undesirable element grows up to dragon fruit plant.
The soil and fertilizer packet that the present invention uses is packed into volume by organic fertilizer, hack and additive and plastic foam after mixing
Bag composition is knitted, soil and fertilizer packet is made of organic fertilizer, hack, plastic foam particle, additive and woven bag, wherein organic fertilizer:
Hack: plastic foam particle: the weight ratio of additive is 12:50:2:1.2, soil and fertilizer packet not only convenient in carrying, but also fertilizer efficiency
It concentrates, draining is good；In addition there are also plastic foam particle in soil and fertilizer packet, the partial size of particle is not more than 5cm, plastic foam particle
The material in soil and fertilizer packet can be made loose, promote the breathing of dragon fruit plant root, conducive to the growth of dragon fruit plant, and
Plastic foam particle can make fertilizer efficiency slow release, extend fertilizer efficiency there are also the effect for being retained solid fertilizer.
Invention also uses organic fertilizer, the composition and weight ratio of organic fertilizer are barnyard manure: phosphate fertilizer: Chinese medicine insect prevention matrix is
10:3:2, wherein phosphate fertilizer is shrimp powder.The raw material composition and parts by weight that Chinese medicine insect prevention matrix of the present invention is are as follows: tobacco filament
35 parts, 45 parts of Chinese prickly ash, 68 parts of garlic, 60 parts of kuh-seng powder, 85 parts of alumen, 70 parts of azedarach, 64 parts of sulphur, 60 parts of trifoliate jewelvine, ailanthus altissima leaf 90
Part, 40 parts of betel nut；Effective ingredient in Chinese medicine insect prevention matrix can be out of germ or any position intrusion polypide of polypide, to disease
The stimulation of bacterium and the nervous system of insect have great destructive power, lead to death.
Also contain additive in soil and fertilizer packet of the invention, additive is 1.1 parts of cobalt chloride, 0.9 part of sodium vanadate, molybdic acid
0.85 part of sodium, 1.1 parts of Potassiumiodate, 0.4 part of sodium selenate, 1.35 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.15 part of rhizobium, 0.15 part of Bacillus, addition
It is the necessary microelement of dragon fruit plant in agent, not only contributes to the growth of dragon fruit plant, and plant can be improved
Immunocompetence plays the effect of disease resistance.
In addition, the present invention also in the incandescent lamp of each compartment, can not only be heated to compartment, but also can be to dragon fruit
Plant provides sufficient illumination, provides illumination condition for dragon fruit plant photosynthesis, and sufficient light application time can also add
The growth of fast dragon fruit shortens fruit-growing time, improves the yield of dragon fruit, improve the economic benefit of farmer.
Embodiment 3
A kind of implantation methods of dragon fruit low temperature environment, comprising the following steps:
(1) by planting greenhouse plastic film seal, greenhouse is then divided into 175m2Several compartments, the appearance of greenhouse
Face all coats the plastic foam or straw seat that thickness is not less than 5cm, and each compartment ground in greenhouse is all paved with 8cm thickness
Sawdust forms thermal insulation layer, and each compartment installs the incandescent lamp of 5 150W, and each compartment is respectively provided with heating section of jurisdiction and heats to compartment,
Temperature control heating device also is set in each compartment, several ventilators are installed, ventilator and outdoor are even on the wall of each compartment
It is logical；
(2) planting soil fertilizer packet is placed, dragon fruit seed is planted according to line-spacing 6.5m, spacing in the rows 3.5m in each compartment
Rice in soil and fertilizer packet, using the root of dragon fruit seedling as the center of circle after soil and fertilizer packet surface uniformly sprinkles one layer of 8cm
Chaff；
(3) shower, all shower warps are installed in the position of 2.5m right above the soil and fertilizer packet of each dragon fruit plantation
Water pipe is connected to automatic water pump, periodically sprinkles water to dragon fruit, chases after foliar fertilizer or insecticide；
(4) management of other daily dragon fruit plantations.
Temperature control heating device used in the present invention is automatic heating, can automatically turn on or close according to environment temperature and heat
Device is dragon fruit optimum growth temp range, temperature control heating device is not when the environment temperature of compartment is between 25~35 DEG C
Starting, when the environment temperature in compartment starts lower than 25 DEG C of temperature control heating devices and starts to heat compartment environment, until compartment
After interior temperature reaches 25 DEG C or more, temperature control heating device stops working again, the effect of temperature control heating device be exactly be used for compensate every
Between temperature, so that compartment dragon fruit is provided best growing environment temperature.
There are also temperature inductor and timing means on ventilator used in the present invention, and when temperature is more than 35 DEG C, ventilator is certainly
Dynamic starting ventilatory, while primary gas, 10~20min of time of exchanging gas were changed every 8~10 hours；With greenhouse gardening dragon fruit,
Humidity height, fog are big, stuffy in greenhouse, are easy to impact the normal growth breathing of dragon fruit, plant is caused pest occur
Epidemic disease, timing or temperature control ventilation, it can prevent in compartment temperature is excessively high dragon fruit growth activity is caused to be deteriorated, and can guarantee compartment
Interior humidity environment reduces the influence that undesirable element grows up to dragon fruit plant.
The soil and fertilizer packet that the present invention uses is packed into volume by organic fertilizer, hack and additive and plastic foam after mixing
Bag composition is knitted, soil and fertilizer packet is made of organic fertilizer, hack, plastic foam particle, additive and woven bag, wherein organic fertilizer:
Hack: plastic foam particle: the weight ratio of additive is 11:45:1.5:1.0, soil and fertilizer packet not only convenient in carrying, Er Qiefei
Effect is concentrated, and draining is good；In addition there are also plastic foam particle in soil and fertilizer packet, the partial size of particle is not more than 5cm, plastic foam
Grain can make the material in soil and fertilizer packet loose, promote the breathing of dragon fruit plant root, conducive to the growth of dragon fruit plant, and
And plastic foam particle can make fertilizer efficiency slow release, extend fertilizer efficiency there are also the effect for being retained solid fertilizer.
Invention also uses organic fertilizer, the composition and weight ratio of organic fertilizer are barnyard manure: phosphate fertilizer: Chinese medicine insect prevention matrix is
15:3:2, wherein phosphate fertilizer is fishbone dust and two kinds of 1:1 by weight of shrimp powder mixing.The original that Chinese medicine insect prevention matrix of the present invention is
Material composition and parts by weight are as follows: 35 parts of tobacco filament, 45 parts of Chinese prickly ash, 68 parts of garlic, 60 parts of kuh-seng powder, 85 parts of alumen, 70 parts of azedarach
64 parts of sulphur, 60 parts of trifoliate jewelvine, 90 parts of ailanthus altissima leaf, 40 parts of betel nut；Effective ingredient in Chinese medicine insect prevention matrix can from germ or
In any position intrusion polypide of polypide, the nervous system of stimulation and insect to germ has great destructive power, leads to death.
Also contain additive in soil and fertilizer packet of the invention, additive is 1.1 parts of cobalt chloride, 0.9 part of sodium vanadate, molybdic acid
0.85 part of sodium, 1.1 parts of Potassiumiodate, 0.4 part of sodium selenate, 1.35 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.15 part of rhizobium, 0.15 part of Bacillus, addition
It is the necessary microelement of dragon fruit plant in agent, not only contributes to the growth of dragon fruit plant, and plant can be improved
Immunocompetence, plays the effect of disease resistance, and rhizobium can be absorbed the synthesis nitrogenous fertilizer of the nitrogen in air, promote dragon fruit
Growth.In addition, the present invention also in the incandescent lamp of each compartment, can not only be heated to compartment, but also the plant of dragon fruit can be given
Strain provides sufficient illumination, provides illumination condition for dragon fruit plant photosynthesis, and sufficient light application time can also accelerate
The growth of dragon fruit shortens fruit-growing time, improves the yield of dragon fruit, improve the economic benefit of farmer.
Compliance test result:
Experimental group: at the beginning of 11 months, in Hubei Ezhou, greenhouse starts to plant dragon fruit, and method uses 1 institute of embodiment
The method stated.Record quite long-time, single fruit weight and per mu yield；
Contrast groups: Guangxi dragon fruit farmer's this season plants dragon fruit, record quite long-time, single fruit weight and per mu yield
Amount；
For convenience of comparison, other influences factor is identical, and specific contrast effect data are as shown in table 1:
The Contrast on effect of 1 experimental group of table and contrast groups plantation dragon fruit
| To the time yielded positive results since seedling | The time required to thanking to colored after ripening | Single fruit weight | First Year per mu yield | Second year per mu yield | Third year per mu yield | |
| Contrast groups | 13~14 months | 35~40 days | 0.5~0.75kg | 2000~2200kg | 2200~2500kg | 2300~2600g |
| Experimental group | 11~12 months | 26~33 days | 0.6~0.8kg | 1800~2000kg | 2100~2400kg | 2250~2500kg |
As can be seen from Table 1: the dragon fruit of the method plantation of experimental group greenhouse compartment, growth cycle is relatively short, than
The time that dragon fruit fruiting maturation is normally planted in Guangxi province shortens a wheat harvesting period, while the weight of single fruit is compared and more weighs one
Point illustrates that the collection of illumination and soil and fertilizer packet fertilizer efficiency sufficient in greenhouse neutralizes rhizobium and plays one to dragon fruit single fruit weight
Fixed effect, while by the adaptation of environment, low temperature environment plants flue using greenhouse gardening dragon fruit and Guangxi province this season
The yield of fruit is consistent, thus illustrates: under northern low temperature environment, can also plant flue by the method for greenhouse compartment temperature control
Fruit, be not required to by logistics from afar from torrid areas by dragon fruit transportation and sale to the ground that cannot normally plant dragon fruit
Side, it is also locality that method of the invention, which can be suitble to the plantation in any area, local people is allow to be able to eat fresh dragon fruit,
Agricultural economy increase new opportunity.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of implantation methods of dragon fruit low temperature environment, it is characterised in that: the described method comprises the following steps:
(1) by planting greenhouse plastic film seal, greenhouse is then divided into 150~200m2Several compartments, the appearance of greenhouse
All cladding thickness are not less than the plastic foam particles or straw seat of 5cm in face, each compartment ground in greenhouse be all paved with every
Hot object forms the thermal insulation layer of 5-10cm, and each compartment installs the incandescent lamp of 4~6 100~200W, and each compartment is respectively provided with heating
Section of jurisdiction is heated to compartment, and temperature control heating device also is arranged in each compartment, is equipped with several ventilators on the wall of each compartment,
Ventilator is connected to outdoor；
(2) in each compartment according to 6~7m of line-spacing, 3~4m of spacing in the rows places planting soil fertilizer packet, soil and fertilizer packet be placed on every
Above thermosphere, dragon fruit seed is implanted in soil and fertilizer packet, is the center of circle on soil and fertilizer packet surface using the root of dragon fruit seedling
Uniformly sprinkle the rice bran of one layer of 5~10cm thickness；
The soil and fertilizer packet is packed into woven bag group by organic fertilizer, hack and additive and plastic foam particle after mixing
At organic fertilizer: hack: plastic foam particle: the weight ratio of additive is (10~12): (40~50): (1~2): (0.8~
1.2), wherein additive is 1.1 parts of cobalt chloride, 0.9 part of sodium vanadate, 0.85 part of sodium molybdate, 1.1 parts of Potassiumiodate, sodium selenate 0.4
Part, 1.35 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.15 part of rhizobium, 0.15 part of Bacillus；
(3) shower, all shower warps are installed in the position of 2.0~3.0m right above the soil and fertilizer packet of each dragon fruit plantation
Water pipe is connected to automatic water pump composition automatic sprinkler fire-extinguishing system, periodically sprinkles water to dragon fruit, chases after foliar fertilizer or insecticide；
(4) other daily dragon fruit Cultivate administrations.
2. a kind of implantation methods of dragon fruit low temperature environment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the temperature control heating dress
It is set to automatic heating, between 25~35 DEG C, temperature control heating device stops working the environment temperature of compartment, and temperature is lower than 25 DEG C of temperature
Control heating device starts and starts to heat compartment environment.
3. a kind of implantation methods of dragon fruit low temperature environment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: on the ventilator also
There are temperature inductor and timing means, when temperature is more than 35 DEG C, ventilator starts ventilatory automatically, while small every 8~10
When change primary gas, 10~20min of time of exchanging gas.
4. a kind of implantation methods of dragon fruit low temperature environment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the plastic foam
The partial size of grain is not more than 5cm.
5. a kind of implantation methods of dragon fruit low temperature environment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the thermal barrier is rice
One or more of grass, husk or sawdust.
6. a kind of implantation methods of dragon fruit low temperature environment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the group of the organic fertilizer
At and weight ratio be barnyard manure: phosphate fertilizer: Chinese medicine insect prevention matrix is 20:3:2~10:3:2, wherein Chinese medicine insect prevention matrix raw material composition
And parts by weight are as follows: 35 parts of tobacco filament, 45 parts of Chinese prickly ash, 68 parts of garlic, 60 parts of kuh-seng powder, 85 parts of alumen, 70 parts of azedarach, sulphur
64 parts, 60 parts of trifoliate jewelvine, 90 parts of ailanthus altissima leaf, 40 parts of betel nut.
7. a kind of implantation methods of dragon fruit low temperature environment according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the phosphate fertilizer is fish-bone
The mixing of one or both of powder, shrimp powder.
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| CN111373997A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-07-07 | 广州甘蔗糖业研究所湛江甘蔗研究中心 | Planting method for dragon fruits in low-temperature environment |
| CN113841569A (en) * | 2021-09-12 | 2021-12-28 | 海南文森农业科技有限公司 | Breeding method for improving cold resistance of pitaya |
| CN114009265A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2022-02-08 | 扬州润江生态农业有限公司 | Artificial planting method for bird's nest fruits |
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