CN106458292A - Method for installing a multi-section suction caisson - Google Patents
Method for installing a multi-section suction caisson Download PDFInfo
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- CN106458292A CN106458292A CN201580021672.3A CN201580021672A CN106458292A CN 106458292 A CN106458292 A CN 106458292A CN 201580021672 A CN201580021672 A CN 201580021672A CN 106458292 A CN106458292 A CN 106458292A
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- interior room
- paragraph
- caisson
- segment
- certain amount
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/24—Anchors
- B63B21/26—Anchors securing to bed
- B63B21/27—Anchors securing to bed by suction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/30—Wind power
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Foundations (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
According to embodiments of the present invention, a method for installing a multi-section suction caisson is provided. The method includes positioning a first section of the multi-section suction caisson on an underwater ground; applying a suction pressure to a first inner chamber of the first section, and subsequently removing an amount of soil plug from the first inner chamber; positioning a second section of the multi-section suction caisson in alignment over the first section, wherein the first section has an inner diameter larger than an outer diameter of the second section; and applying the suction pressure to a second inner chamber of the second section.
Description
Cross-Reference to Related Applications
This application claims on April 3rd, 2014 submit to U.S. Provisional Application 61/974,612 priority, its content lead to
Cross to quote and be hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety for all purposes.
Technical field
Various embodiments are related to a kind of method for installing multistage suction caisson.
Background technology
Sucking caisson is hollow cylindrical steel or xoncrete structure, and these structures are used as basis with main support deep water
Offshore Structures such as offshore oil platform or offshore oil-well rig.Caisson placing will be sucked using suction pressure in sea bed.
The principle of mounting technique is：Suction is applied to the inside of sealing caisson, thus producing downward resulting net force and caisson being sunk to sea bed
In soil.The advantage of this technology is：Not for the requirement of pending sea bed soil, and can be by the peace not using weight
Apply suction in the case of machine to complete to install.
However, the fitting depth sucking caisson is often affected by its size and other factorses.The penetration depth realized can
Can be not enough to provide the ability needing.This situation especially when suction caisson placing is in relatively shallow water.
When being used in relatively shallow water, because caisson may not penetrate into the depth of needs, mentioned immediately above
And suction caisson may not be properly installed.Thus, Large Caisson structure may need significantly high driving force to wear
Enter in sea bed.
For the suction caisson being used in deep water, the hydrostatic pressure that such as provided by the depth of water can be converted into suction from
And be drawn down to sucking caisson in sea bed.However, in relatively shallow water, enough suction may not had to sink to allow to suck
Case penetrates into the depth of needs.
Another factor penetrating that impact sucks caisson is formed in the soil plug sucking within caisson.Penetrate when sucking caisson
During in clay, the hollow that soil can enter the beginning sucks in caisson and the native plug of formation wherein.Soil plug can resist suction
Enter penetrating of caisson.In other words, soil plug is heaved and is being sucked caisson inside and preventing suction caisson to be further penetrated through.
Accordingly, there exist for the need enabling suction caisson to be arranged on method even on land in deep water or shallow water
Will, thus solving the problems, such as at least the above.
Content of the invention
According to embodiment, provide for installing the method that multistage sucks caisson.The method can include：Described multistage is inhaled
The first paragraph entering caisson is positioned on subsea floor；Suction pressure is applied to the first interior room of described first paragraph, and subsequently
A certain amount of soil plug is removed from described first interior room；The second segment that described multistage is sucked caisson positions on described first paragraph
Be aligned, wherein said first paragraph has the internal diameter bigger than the external diameter of described second segment；And described suction pressure is applied to institute
State the second interior room of second segment.
Brief description
In the accompanying drawings, identical reference refers generally to run through the same part of different views.Accompanying drawing not necessarily press than
Example, but typically emphasize the principle of invention.In the following description, the various realities of the present invention are described with reference to figure below
Apply example, wherein：
Fig. 1 illustrates to illustrate according to various embodiments for installing the flow chart that multistage sucks the method for caisson.
Fig. 2A to Fig. 2 D illustrates according to various embodiments as schematic cross-sectional view for by caisson, (multistage sucks
The first paragraph of caisson) it is installed to various program phases in sea bed.
Fig. 3 A to Fig. 3 D is illustrated according to various embodiments as schematic cross-sectional view for being made using another caisson
Suck various program phases to extend the caisson of Fig. 2A to Fig. 2 D for the second segment of caisson for multistage.
Fig. 4 A illustrates to suck caisson according to various embodiments for the multistage extending the caisson of Fig. 2A to Fig. 2 D further
The 3rd section of schematic cross-sectional view.
Fig. 4 B illustrates to suck the schematic cross-sectional of the top cap on caisson according to the multistage being positioned at Fig. 4 A of various embodiments
View.
Fig. 5 A illustrates that the multistage according to various embodiments sucks the perspective illustration of caisson.
Fig. 5 B illustrate Fig. 5 A according to various embodiments multistage suck caisson (i) diagrammatic side view of components A and
(ii) top schematic view.
Fig. 5 C illustrate Fig. 5 A according to various embodiments multistage suck caisson (i) diagrammatic side view of part B and
(ii) top schematic view.
Fig. 5 D illustrate Fig. 5 A according to various embodiments multistage suck caisson (i) diagrammatic side view of part C and
(ii) top schematic view.
Specific embodiment
Describing in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings illustrates, by explanation, the embodiment that concrete details and the present invention can put into practice.
These embodiments are with enough detailed descriptions so that those skilled in the art can put into practice the present invention.Other embodiments can be by
Using and structure, logic and electric change can be made in the case of without departing from the scope of the present invention.Various enforcements
Example is not necessarily mutually exclusive, because some embodiments can be combined with one or more of the other embodiment to form new enforcement
Example.
Embodiment described in the context of one of method or apparatus is also similar for other method or apparatus
Effectively.Similarly, the embodiment described in the context of method is similar effective for device, and vice versa.
Feature described in the context of embodiment can correspondingly be applied to same or similar in other embodiments
Feature.Even if clearly not describing in these other embodiments, the feature described in the context of embodiment also may be used
To be correspondingly applied to other embodiments.Additionally, as the interpolation of feature description and/or the group that are directed in the context of embodiment
Close and/or substitute the same or analogous feature that can correspondingly be applied in other embodiments.
In the context of various embodiments, the article " one " that such as uses with regard to feature or element, " one " and " being somebody's turn to do "
Including referring to one or more features or element.
In the context of various embodiments, phrase " at least substantially " can include " accurately " and rational change.
In the context of various embodiments, as applied to the term " about " of numerical value or " about " include exact value with rationally
Change.
As it is used herein, term "and/or" includes any and complete of one or more associated projects listed
Portion combines.
As it is used herein, the phrase of the form of " at least one of A or B " can include A or B or A and B two
Person.Correspondingly, the phrase of the project that the form or inclusion of " at least one of A or B or C " is further listed in can include one
Individual or multiple any and whole combinations being associated the project listed.
Various embodiments can provide multistage caisson placing method.This method can solve traditional caisson placing method
Limit, and caisson and needs can be allowed the same deeply to install.
Various embodiments can relate to the geotechnical process of the base configuration in deep water or shallow water, for such as
Mooring anchor, offshore platforms or structure, breakwater, sea wall, the basis of wind turbine, bridge on water or wetland for the construction or large-scale build
The application built.
Various embodiments can pass through using of multistage caisson provides installation method, can adopt this installation method to be formed
There is the cylindrical basis of the cross section of the change that can provide high economical Design.High-pressure water jet can be used for removing soil
Plug.
Various embodiments can be provided for installing the method sucking caisson in deep water or shallow water.The method can include
Multistage caisson, when the depth that suction caisson placing can not be reached in sea bed by needs by being used alone suction, institute
State multistage caisson can be installed paragraph by paragraph.
Various embodiments can provide installs the method that multistage sucks caisson.
Fig. 1 illustrates to illustrate according to various embodiments for installing flow process Figure 100 that multistage sucks the method for caisson.?
102, the first paragraph that multistage sucks caisson is positioned on subsea floor.104, suction pressure is applied to the first of first paragraph
Interior room, and subsequently a certain amount of soil plug is removed from the first interior room.106, multistage sucks the second segment of caisson in first paragraph
On be positioned be aligned.First paragraph has the internal diameter bigger than the external diameter of second segment.108, suction pressure is applied to second segment
The second interior room.
In other words, multistage sucks caisson and can be used for constructing the caisson as watertight holding structure, this watertight holding structure
For example be used for work on the basis of bridge pier, the construction for concrete dam or for ship repairing.This multistage sucks heavy
Case can be used in shallow water or in deep water.Suck one section of caisson to install multistage, it is possible to use suction pressure with by water and/
Or air pumps out thus allowing this section to move to or penetrating into subsea floor from the interior room of this section.With water and/or sky
Gas is sucked away, and soil can enter interior room thus forming soil plug.Subsequently can by washed off soil wherein by soil plug from
Interior room removes thus creating for making this section move down and being further penetrated through the space in sea bed.Can repeat to suck pressure
The applying of power and subsequent soil plug remove to allow this section maximally to penetrate in subsea floor, for example, with subsea floor
Surface flush.It is installed to already installed in the section of subsea floor by the other section that multistage is sucked caisson, can be by
Multistage sucks caisson and extends, because the length of this other section can be longer than the length of the section installed.Can also be with similar
Process install multiple other sections with extend further multistage suck caisson thus reaching desired depth, the plurality of in addition
Section each be all longer than installed section.
In the context of various embodiments, term " multistage suction caisson " can be tied interchangeably referenced as caisson, caisson
Structure, suck caisson, multistage caisson, nested caisson, nested suck caisson, cascade caisson, cascade suck caisson, multinest caisson or
Multinest sucks caisson.
In various embodiments, subsea floor can mean the ground in deep water or in shallow water.For example, subsea floor can
To include sea bed, riverbed, small stream bed or reservoir bed.
In various embodiments, suction pressure can be produced by compressor and be fed in the first interior room and second
In room.Generally when in deep water, suction pressure can also be changed from hydrostatic pressure.
In various embodiments, first paragraph can include the first tubular body, and this first tubular body has first and removable closes
Closing end and the first contrary open end can be by interchangeably referenced as the first of the first caisson cavity or first paragraph cavity to limit
Interior room.Tubulose that in other words, first paragraph can be the one end with removable closure and contrary (or opposition) opening wide is held (in
Empty) structure.
Second segment can include the second tubular body, and this second tubular body has the second removable closed end and second and opens on the contrary
Beginning can be by the second interior room interchangeably referenced as the second caisson cavity or second segment cavity to limit.In other words, second
Section can be to have tubulose (hollow) structure that a removable one end for closure and unlimited contrary (or opposition) are held.
In various embodiments, the length of second segment can be longer than the length of first paragraph.Thus, by installing second segment
To in first paragraph, multistage can be extended and suck caisson.The extra bearing capacity that can be sucked required for caisson based on multistage is true
Determine the length of second segment.
In the context of various embodiments, term " diameter " can be with tubular structure (the such as first tubular body or second
Tubular body) cross section relevant, the cross section of described tubular structure can be at least circular or non-circular.For example, such as
Fruit tubular structure has circular cross section, then diameter can be the survey of 2 points connected on periphery of the straight line at the center by circle
Amount.If tubular structure has oval cross section, diameter can refer to 2 points connected on periphery by oval center
Straight line the longest measurement.If tubular structure has the cross section of rectangle, diameter can refer to by the center of rectangle simultaneously
And at two square edges on girth the diagonal straight line linking measurement.If tubular structure has erose horizontal stroke
Section, then diameter can refer to by erose center and be attached at two points on girth straight line the longest survey
Amount.
The external diameter of tubular structure can obtain from the combination of the internal diameter of tubular structure and thickness.
In various embodiments, 106, second segment can be positioned be aligned on first paragraph.In other words, first paragraph and
Two-stage nitration can make the central longitudinal axis of each of which be arranged at each other on a straight line or substantially in a straight line.So, second
At least a portion of section can move in the first tubular body of first paragraph and penetrate in subsea floor.
In various embodiments, 102, the step that first paragraph is positioned on subsea floor can be included first paragraph
First contrary open end is positioned on subsea floor.By doing so it is possible, water and/or air can initially occupy the first interior room and
Move in subsea floor with first paragraph, the soil from subsea floor can be entered in first by the first contrary open end
In room.
In various embodiments, 102, step first paragraph being positioned on subsea floor may further include permission
At least a portion of first paragraph penetrates in subsea floor under the weight of first paragraph.It is appreciated that when via first paragraph from
When penetrating in subsea floor, suction pressure also may not be applied to the first interior room again.
In various embodiments, methods described may further include：104, suction pressure is applied in first
After room, when first paragraph is not further penetrated through in subsea floor due to the soil plug being formed in the first interior room, will suck
Pressure discharges from the first interior room.104, the step subsequently removing a certain amount of soil plug from the first interior room can include：To
A certain amount of soil plug, after the first interior room discharges, is removed from the first interior room by suction pressure using water jet.
In other words, 104, by suction pressure be applied to the first interior room step and subsequently by a certain amount of soil plug from the
The step that one interior room removes can sequentially (i.e. a step after another step, and when this two steps are different) hold
OK.
Water jet can be connected to by water tube hose by the valve being arranged in the first removable closed end.Water jet can be used
In by eroded soil plug thus remove soil plug.Water jet can be interchangeably referred to as high-pressure water jet or high-pressure spray or high pressure
Water.
In various embodiments, methods described may further include to work as and from the first interior room, a certain amount of soil plug removed it
Time shift removes water jet afterwards.In the context of various embodiments, phrase " removing water jet " can mean to interrupt the confession of water jet
Should.
Treat that a certain amount of soil plug removing from the first interior room can include certain towards the first removable closed end formation
The soil plug of amount or be formed in the first interior room prevent the first removable closed end and subsea floor surface substantially flush one
At least one of quantitative soil plug.
Can be used as in the context of the subsea floor of sea bed, the surface of subsea floor can refer to the mud line of sea bed.
In various embodiments, methods described may further include：104, repeat for suction pressure to be applied to first
Interior room and the step subsequently a certain amount of soil plug being removed from the first interior room, until the first removable closed end and subsea floor
Surface substantially flush till.
In other words, suction pressure can be applied to the first interior room, and hereafter, a certain amount of soil can be filled in from first
Interior room removes.If first paragraph does not penetrate into desired depth in subsea floor, suction pressure can be reintroduced into simultaneously
And it is applied to the first interior room.It is then possible to again a certain amount of soil plug be removed from the first interior room.For example, this can repeat simultaneously
And last up to the first removable closed end and substantially flush with the surface of subsea floor for example can penetrate (or peace when first paragraph
Dress) when desired depth.
In one example, the first removable closed end substantially flush with the surface of subsea floor can mean that first can
Remove on the lucky surface on ground under water of closed end and be not embedded in subsea floor.In another example, first can
Remove closed end to place with flushing against the surface of subsea floor.
In various embodiments, methods described may further include and subsequently moves a certain amount of soil plug from the second interior room
Remove.
In various embodiments, methods described may further include：108, suction pressure is applied in second
After room, when second segment is not further penetrated through in subsea floor due to the soil plug being formed in the second interior room, will suck
Pressure discharges from the second interior room.
The step subsequently removing a certain amount of soil plug from the second interior room can include：By suction pressure from the second interior room
After release, using water jet, a certain amount of soil plug is removed from the second interior room.Can be by being arranged in the second removable closure
Water jet is connected to water tube hose by the valve on end.Can be described in the context similar to the water jet for the first segment description
Water jet.
In various embodiments, methods described may further include when removing a certain amount of soil plug from the second interior room
Remove water jet.
For example, treat that a certain amount of soil plug removing from the second interior room can include the second removable closure towards second segment
A certain amount of soil that end is formed is filled in or is formed at the surface preventing the second removable closed end and subsea floor in the second interior room
At least one of substantially flush a certain amount of soil plug.
In various embodiments, methods described may further include repeat by suction pressure be applied to the second interior room and
The step subsequently a certain amount of soil plug being removed from the second interior room, until the second removable closed end of second segment and subsea floor
Surface substantially flush till.
In other words, suction pressure can be applied to the second interior room, and hereafter, a certain amount of soil can be filled in from second
Interior room removes.If second segment does not penetrate into desired depth in subsea floor, suction pressure can be reintroduced into simultaneously
And it is applied to the second interior room.It is then possible to again a certain amount of soil plug be removed from the second interior room.This can repeat and continue
Until the second removable closed end can substantially flush with the surface of subsea floor for example expire when second segment penetrates (or installation)
Till during the depth hoped.
In various embodiments, methods described may further include surface along subsea floor in first paragraph and second
Top cap is arranged on section.
For example, top cap can be the removable access door to the second interior room.Top cap can be tightened to second segment.Top cap can
To place after the installation completing second segment.In one example, top cap can be the second removable closed end.Removable top
Cap and high-pressure water jet can be used for removing internal soil plug during multistage sucks the installation of caisson.
In various embodiments, 106, step second segment being positioned on first paragraph be aligned can be included second
Second contrary open end of section positioning be aligned on first paragraph in the case that the first removable closed end is removed.
Methods described may further include：In 106, before second segment being positioned on first paragraph the step of be aligned, general
First removable closed end removes from first paragraph.
In various embodiments, methods described may further include using water jet by soil plug from the first interior room substantially
Remove in entirety.In other words, water under high pressure can be used for removing the substantially the entirety of soil of caisson cavity inside to install nested caisson.
Can by the first removable closed end execute after first paragraph removes will soil plug substantially whole from the first interior room
Remove in body.
Can to water jet described in as similar context in the water jet above for first paragraph and the second segment description.
In various embodiments, methods described may further include the multiple guide rods of offer, the plurality of guide rod quilt
It is configured to be directed in the first tubular body second segment along the longitudinal axis of first paragraph.
Using the plurality of guide rod, can prevent second segment from tilting, and second segment can more effectively move to the
In one section.
In various embodiments, methods described may further include in wedging or bonding first paragraph and second segment extremely
Few one kind.
Using multiple wedges, first paragraph and second segment can be abut against each other wedging.When first paragraph and second segment are in installation
In the case of in place when, these sections can be bonded together.For example, it is possible to grouting is applied between first paragraph and second segment
For boning.
In various embodiments, first paragraph, second segment and at least one other section can be that multistage sucks caisson
A part for serial section.
Each of in other words, multistage sucks caisson and can include the 3rd section, the 4th section etc., and these other sections
Can by execute for second segment similar in the way of (or penetrating) is installed in subsea floor.For example, the 3rd section can have
Less than the external diameter of the internal diameter of second segment, and the 4th section of external diameter of internal diameter can having less than the 3rd section etc..As such, it is possible to first
First paragraph is installed, is followed by second segment, and be then followed by the 3rd section, and be followed by the 4th section etc. further.Described side
Method can therefore relate to install first paragraph, second segment and at least one the other section that multistage sucks caisson.
Additionally, the 3rd section can have the length longer than the length of second segment, and the 4th section can have the 3rd section of ratio
The length of length length etc..So, multistage sucks caisson and can extend further.
Although method described above is depicted and described as a series of step or event but it is to be understood that these
Any order of step or event is not explained in limiting sense.For example, some steps can occur in a different order and/
Or with except herein illustrate and/or description step or event in addition to other steps or event occur simultaneously.Additionally, not being institute
The step having diagram all may need to implement one or more aspect described herein or embodiment.And, describe herein
One or more steps can execute in one or more single actions and/or in the stage.
In various embodiments, multistage can be installed in different steps and suck caisson.As described herein, water-jet
Stream can be used for removing or eroded soil plug and allows caisson to penetrate further in subsea floor.
Method according to various embodiments can improve penetration depth, this can improve again multistage suck caisson pull resistance
Power and bearing capacity.The cross section that multistage suction caisson (or ladder caisson) can change caisson sets thus realizing optimization
Meter.Because ladder caisson can be installed with segmentation, ladder caisson also allows for installing big bearing capacity caisson using following equipment,
If caisson is installed with single-piece (i.e. with single overall structure), described equipment does not have described ability.According to various embodiments
Method can provide readily (direct or flat-footed) method for designing, because overall structure (multistage suction caisson) is permissible
It is modeled into shallow foundation.
Various embodiments may also provide multistage and suck caisson, and described multistage sucks caisson and includes：First paragraph, this first paragraph
It is configured to be positioned on subsea floor；Second segment, this second segment is configured to positioning be aligned, wherein first paragraph on first paragraph
There is the internal diameter bigger than the external diameter of second segment, and second segment has the length longer than the length of first paragraph.
First paragraph can include the first interior room, and suction pressure and water jet can be applied sequentially to this first interior room to divide
Yun Xu at least a portion of first paragraph not penetrate in subsea floor, and a certain amount of soil plug is removed from the first interior room thus
Promote being further penetrated through of first paragraph.
Second segment can include the second interior room, and suction pressure and water jet can be applied sequentially to this second interior room to divide
At least a portion of second segment Yun Xu not move in first paragraph and penetrate in subsea floor, and by a certain amount of soil plug
Remove thus promoting being further penetrated through of second segment from the second interior room.
As described above, first paragraph can include the first tubular body, this first tubular body have the first removable closed end and
First contrary open end is to limit the first interior room；And second segment can include the second tubular body, this second tubular body has
Two removable closed ends and the second contrary open end are to limit the second interior room.
For example, when completing the installation according to the multistage suction caisson of various embodiments, at least one of the second tubular body
Divide and can fold with whole first tubulose body weight.In other words, whole first tubular body can be formed at least the one of the second tubular body
The ring partly gone up.
Multistage sucks caisson and may further include top cap, and this top cap is arranged on first paragraph and second segment.Top cap is permissible
Including at least one adapter, at least one adapter described is configured to connect water source or suction pressure source or is used for removing soil
Earth and the waste passage of water/air.For example, at least one adapter described can be in the form of valve.
Multistage sucks caisson and may further include multiple wedges, and the plurality of wedge is configured to wedging first paragraph and second
Section.Each of the plurality of wedge wedge be may be arranged to be substantially equally spaced apart with adjacent wedge.The plurality of wedge can
To arrange around the first tubular body at the first removable closed end.For example, the plurality of wedge can include six wedges.
Multistage suction caisson may further include multiple guide rods, and the plurality of guide rod is configured to second segment edge
The longitudinal axis first paragraph are directed in the first tubular body.Each of the plurality of guide rod guide rod can be arranged
It is substantially equally to be spaced apart with adjacent guide rod.The plurality of guide rod can be arranged in the first removable closed end
Place extends from the first tubular body.For example, the plurality of guide rod can include up to 12 guide rods of four guide rods.
Second segment may further include flange, and this flange stretches out from the second removable closed end.Flange can wrap
Include multiple holes, the plurality of hole is configured to receive the plurality of guide rod.
Can described below according to various embodiments installation multistage caisson method example.
The schematic cross-sectional view 200 of the caisson 202 that Fig. 2A to Fig. 2 D illustrates to be arranged in sea bed 204,220,240,
260.Caisson 202 can be the first paragraph of the multistage suction caisson according to various embodiments.
In fig. 2, caisson 202 is positioned on mud line 206, and caisson 202 is allowed under the deadweight of caisson 202
Penetrate in sea bed 204.After deadweight penetrates, suction pressure can be applied to the interior room 208 of caisson 202, thus allowing
Caisson 202 is further penetrated through sea bed 204 in the case of interior room 208 discharge in air/water 210.
Penetrate in sea bed 204 with caisson 202, the interior room 208 of caisson 202 can be entered from the soil of sea bed 204.
As shown in Figure 2 B, when caisson 202 is no longer able to penetrate further in sea bed 204, suction pressure can be discharged.Due to shape
Become the soil plug 222 in the interior room 208 of caisson 202, can prevent from being further penetrated through.
As shown in FIG. 2 C, water tube hose 242 and then can be connected to the interior room 208 of caisson 202 by valve 244.Using logical
Cross the high-pressure water jet of water tube hose 242, soil plug 222 can be eaten away.High-pressure water jet can be applied up to the amount that will need
Soil plug 222 till the interior room 208 of caisson 202 removes.Now, water tube hose 242 can disconnect from the interior room 208 of caisson 202.
As illustrated in fig. 2d, can again suction pressure be applied in interior room 208 to allow caisson 202 to penetrate into needs
Depth in.
As the process described in Fig. 2 B to Fig. 2 D can be repeated up to till caisson 202 is no longer able to penetrate further into.
As shown in the schematic cross-sectional view 300,320,340,360 in Fig. 3 A to Fig. 3 D, according to various embodiments,
Need compared with the case of high bearing capacity, the second segment of caisson can be sucked by using another caisson as multistage and by caisson
Extend.This second segment can have the external diameter less than the internal diameter of first paragraph (caisson 202) so that second segment can loosely assemble
To first paragraph.Second segment can have the length longer than first section.Second segment can be calculated based on extra bearing capacity needs
Length.
As shown in figure 3 a, by removing the top cap 304 of first paragraph (caisson 202) first, second segment 302 can be installed.
As shown in FIG 3 B, it is possible to use high-pressure water jet 322 will be at least big for the soil plug 306 within the interior room 208 in first paragraph 202
Cause to remove completely.High-pressure water jet 322 can be provided by water tube hose (water tube hose 242 of such as Fig. 2 C).
Then, second segment 302 can be positioned and be come using the suction pressure in the interior room 308 being applied to section section 302
Install.In order to allow second segment 302 maximally to penetrate in sea bed 204, similarly can execute for pacifying for second segment 302
The process (Fig. 2 B to Fig. 2 D) of dress first paragraph 202 is so that air/water 362 is discharged from the interior room 308 of second segment 302.
If it is required, then can be using the 3rd section 402 as shown in the schematic cross-sectional view 400 of Fig. 4 A.3rd section 402
Can have the external diameter of the internal diameter less than second segment 302 so that the 3rd section 402 can loosely be assembled in second segment 302.The
Can have the length longer than second segment 302 for three section 402.3rd section of 402 needs can be calculated based on extra bearing capacity
Length.In order to allow the 3rd section 402 maximally to penetrate in sea bed 204, similarly can execute for pacifying for the 3rd section 402
The process (Fig. 3 A to Fig. 3 D) of dress second segment 302.
Subsequent or other section can be installed thus extending multistage further to suck caisson.Can be for installing second
Section 302 and/or the 3rd section 402 of similar mode execute the installation of each subsequent section.
Cement grout can be used for for section (such as caisson 202, second segment 302 and the 3rd section 402) grouting (grout) one
Rise.
As shown in the schematic cross-sectional view 420 in Fig. 4 B, top cap 422 can also be used.Finally, can be formed and have
The cylindrical basis of the cross section of change.
Various connections between the different sections of caisson can be provided.For example, the multistage needs in caisson link together
In situation, can be using the following methods as shown in Fig. 5 A to Fig. 5 D.Fig. 5 A illustrates that multistage sucks the schematic perspective of caisson 502
Figure 50 0.Fig. 5 B (i) illustrates that multistage sucks the diagrammatic side view 522 of the components A 504 of caisson 502, and Fig. 5 B (ii) illustrates multistage
Suck the top schematic view 522 of the components A 504 of caisson 502.Fig. 5 C (i) illustrates that multistage sucks the part B 506 of caisson 502
Diagrammatic side view 540, and Fig. 5 C (ii) illustrates that multistage sucks the top schematic view 542 of the part B 506 of caisson 502.Fig. 5 D (i)
Illustrate that multistage sucks the diagrammatic side view 560 of the part C 508 of caisson 502, and Fig. 5 D (ii) illustrates that multistage sucks caisson 502
The top schematic view 562 of part C 508.
The multistage that can describe in various embodiments sucks caisson and as in Fig. 2A to Fig. 2 D and Fig. 3 A to Fig. 3 D
Described in the context of multistage suction caisson of description, multistage sucks caisson 502.
In figure 5d, can be come with same intervals casting at about one meter by the top half in the outside in part C 508
Six steel triangle wedges 564 of pre-installation.In other words, each of six steel triangle wedges 564 triangle wedge can be positioned
Become roughly equidistant with adjacent steel triangle wedge 564.Each of six steel triangle wedges 564 triangle wedge can have embedding
Enter the one end 566 in the top 568 of part C 508, and can as upwardly extended indicated in direction arrow 50 so that
The opposite end 570 of each of six steel triangle wedges 564 triangle wedge 564 can be in the upper surface 572 away from part C 508
At about one meter of position.For example, it is possible in the first paragraph 202 of Fig. 2A to Fig. 2 D and the first paragraph describing in various embodiments
Context described in part C 508.Part C 508 can be in the form of cylinder.
Suck under the gravity and the drag force by the suction applying in part B 506 of caisson in multistage, part B can be forced
Make in the wedge 564 in entrance part C 508.
For example, it is possible to retouch in the second segment 302 and the context according to the second segment of various embodiments of Fig. 3 C and 3D
State part B 506.Part B 506 can in have from one end of part B 506 outward extend flange 544 cylinder shape
Formula.Part B 506 can have the length longer than part C 508.Using being applied between part B 506 and part C 508
Grouting, described two parts can be locked in together.
Using screw, components A 504 and part B 506 can be connected, because components A 504 can be removable.Example
As can be in the top cap 422 of Fig. 4 B and components A 504 according to described in the context of the top cap of various embodiments.Components A 504
Adapter 524 can also be included.For example, adapter 524 can promote water tube hose and multistage to suck the connection of caisson 502.
In order to avoid the inclination of part B 506 during installation, four to ten two guide rods 510 can be installed in part
The top of C 508 and by the bullport 512 of components A 504.Guide rod 510 can also be aligned upwards from part C 508.When
During installing component B 506, guide rod 510 can pass through the alignment hole 546 of part B 506.Can also use in guide rod 510
Nut (not shown), thus different parts are tied.
Although being particularly shown with reference to specific embodiment and describing the present invention, should be by art technology
Personnel understand, in the case of without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims, can be at it
In make the change of various forms and details.Therefore, the scope of the present invention is pointed out by appending claims, and therefore purport
All changes in the implication and scope of the equivalent that inclusion falls into claim.
Claims (20)
1. a kind of method for installing multistage suction caisson, methods described includes：
The first paragraph that described multistage is sucked caisson is positioned on subsea floor；
Suction pressure is applied to the first interior room of described first paragraph, and subsequently fills in a certain amount of soil from described first interior room
Remove；
The second segment that described multistage is sucked caisson positions be aligned on described first paragraph, and wherein said first paragraph has than described
The big internal diameter of the external diameter of second segment；And
Described suction pressure is applied to the second interior room of described second segment.
2. method according to claim 1, further includes subsequently to remove a certain amount of soil plug from described second interior room.
3. method according to claim 1, the step wherein described first paragraph being positioned on described subsea floor enters one
Step includes allowing at least a portion of described first paragraph to penetrate in described subsea floor under the weight of described first paragraph.
4. method according to claim 1, further includes
After described suction pressure is applied to described first interior room, when described first paragraph is due to being formed in described first interior room
Described soil plug and when not being further penetrated through in described subsea floor, by described suction pressure from described first interior room release.
5. described a certain amount of soil plug is wherein subsequently removed by method according to claim 4 from described first interior room
Step includes
, using water jet, described a certain amount of soil is filled in from described after described first interior room release by described suction pressure
First interior room removes.
6. method according to claim 5, further includes to work as and moves described a certain amount of soil plug from described first interior room
Except when remove described water jet.
7. method according to claim 1, wherein said first paragraph includes the first tubular body, and described first tubular body has
First removable closed end and the first contrary open end are to limit described first interior room；And described second segment includes the second tubulose
Body, described second tubular body has the second removable closed end and the second contrary open end to limit described second interior room；And
Wherein said second segment has the length longer than the length of described first paragraph.
8. method according to claim 7, the step wherein described first paragraph being positioned on described subsea floor includes
Described first contrary open end of described first paragraph is positioned on described subsea floor.
9. method according to claim 7, further includes to repeat described suction pressure is applied to described first interior room
And the step subsequently described a certain amount of soil plug being removed from described first interior room, until described first removable closed end with
Till the surface of described subsea floor is substantially flush.
10. method according to claim 7, wherein treats that the described a certain amount of soil plug removing from described first interior room includes
A certain amount of soil plug of being formed towards the described first removable closed end or be formed at and prevent described the in described first interior room
At least one of one removable closed end a certain amount of soil plug substantially flush with the surface of described subsea floor.
11. methods according to claim 2, further include
After described suction pressure is applied to described second interior room, when described second segment is due to being formed at described second interior room
In described soil plug and when not being further penetrated through in described subsea floor, described suction pressure is released from described second interior room
Put.
Described a certain amount of soil plug is wherein subsequently removed by 12. methods according to claim 11 from described second interior room
Step include
, using water jet, described a certain amount of soil is filled in from described after described second interior room release by described suction pressure
Second interior room removes.
13. methods according to claim 12, further include
When removing described a certain amount of soil plug from described second interior room, remove described water jet.
14. methods according to claim 2, further include to repeat described suction pressure is applied to described second interior room
And the step subsequently removing described a certain amount of soil plug from described second interior room, until the second of described second segment can be removed
Till closed end is substantially flush with the surface of described subsea floor.
15. methods according to claim 14, further include described surface along described subsea floor described
Top cap is arranged on one section and described second segment.
16. methods according to claim 7, further include：It is right described second segment is positioned on described first paragraph
Before accurate step, the described first removable closed end is removed from described first paragraph.
17. methods according to claim 16, further include described soil plug using water jet from described first interior room
Substantially entirety in remove.
18. methods according to claim 7, further include to provide multiple guide rods, and the plurality of guide rod is constructed
Become to be directed in described first tubular body described second segment along the longitudinal axis of described first paragraph.
19. methods according to claim 1, further include wedging or bond in described first paragraph and described second segment
At least one.
20. methods according to claim 1, wherein said first paragraph, described second segment and at least one other section are
Described multistage sucks a part for a series of segments of caisson.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201461974612P | 2014-04-03 | 2014-04-03 | |
| US61/974,612 | 2014-04-03 | ||
| PCT/SG2015/000111 WO2015152826A1 (en) | 2014-04-03 | 2015-04-02 | Method for installing a multi-section suction caisson |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106458292A true CN106458292A (en) | 2017-02-22 |
| CN106458292B CN106458292B (en) | 2018-10-30 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201580021672.3A Active CN106458292B (en) | 2014-04-03 | 2015-04-02 | The method for sucking caisson for installing multistage |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106458292B (en) |
| MY (1) | MY180518A (en) |
| SG (1) | SG11201608236XA (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015152826A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104802927A (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-07-29 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Test device and method for simulating deep water suction force anchor negative pressure installation |
| CN109881663A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-06-14 | 中交一航局第二工程有限公司 | Concrete tubular pile and its pile-driving system and sea area pile sinking construction method |
| CN111608196A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-09-01 | 中铁上海工程局集团有限公司 | Tunnel type pile foundation bearing platform combined anchorage structure and installation method thereof |
| CN113323001A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-08-31 | 核工业西南勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Arch bridge thrust foundation structure and pouring method thereof |
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| CN87102338A (en) * | 1986-06-06 | 1987-12-16 | 大丰建设株式会社 | Caisson sinking method |
| CN2349127Y (en) * | 1998-09-21 | 1999-11-17 | 天津市海王星海上工程技术有限公司 | Double-cylinder type suction anchor |
| JP2000080660A (en) * | 1998-09-07 | 2000-03-21 | Toyo Technos:Kk | Caisson method and its work execution device |
| JP2002121754A (en) * | 2000-10-13 | 2002-04-26 | Ohbayashi Corp | Method for constructing underwater foundation |
| CN1438390A (en) * | 2002-02-15 | 2003-08-27 | 株式会社大宇建设 | Construction method of suction pile |
| WO2009060049A1 (en) * | 2007-11-08 | 2009-05-14 | Technip France | Outer pipe sleeve for sea floor mooring pile |
| CN102454167A (en) * | 2010-10-21 | 2012-05-16 | 五冶集团上海有限公司 | Construction method for large ultra-deep well |
| CN202280066U (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2012-06-20 | 邹宗煊 | Water-burst-proof ground-subsidence-proof non-inclination dry work sinking well |
-
2015
- 2015-04-02 MY MYPI2016703629A patent/MY180518A/en unknown
- 2015-04-02 WO PCT/SG2015/000111 patent/WO2015152826A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-04-02 SG SG11201608236XA patent/SG11201608236XA/en unknown
- 2015-04-02 CN CN201580021672.3A patent/CN106458292B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN87102338A (en) * | 1986-06-06 | 1987-12-16 | 大丰建设株式会社 | Caisson sinking method |
| JP2000080660A (en) * | 1998-09-07 | 2000-03-21 | Toyo Technos:Kk | Caisson method and its work execution device |
| CN2349127Y (en) * | 1998-09-21 | 1999-11-17 | 天津市海王星海上工程技术有限公司 | Double-cylinder type suction anchor |
| JP2002121754A (en) * | 2000-10-13 | 2002-04-26 | Ohbayashi Corp | Method for constructing underwater foundation |
| CN1438390A (en) * | 2002-02-15 | 2003-08-27 | 株式会社大宇建设 | Construction method of suction pile |
| WO2009060049A1 (en) * | 2007-11-08 | 2009-05-14 | Technip France | Outer pipe sleeve for sea floor mooring pile |
| CN102454167A (en) * | 2010-10-21 | 2012-05-16 | 五冶集团上海有限公司 | Construction method for large ultra-deep well |
| CN202280066U (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2012-06-20 | 邹宗煊 | Water-burst-proof ground-subsidence-proof non-inclination dry work sinking well |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SG11201608236XA (en) | 2016-10-28 |
| WO2015152826A1 (en) | 2015-10-08 |
| CN106458292B (en) | 2018-10-30 |
| MY180518A (en) | 2020-12-01 |
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