CN106450759B - Compact linear polarization tracker - Google Patents
Compact linear polarization tracker Download PDFInfo
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- CN106450759B CN106450759B CN201610902647.2A CN201610902647A CN106450759B CN 106450759 B CN106450759 B CN 106450759B CN 201610902647 A CN201610902647 A CN 201610902647A CN 106450759 B CN106450759 B CN 106450759B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/02—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole
- H01Q3/08—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole for varying two co-ordinates of the orientation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/32—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by mechanical means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
The invention discloses a compact linear polarization tracker, and relates to the technical field of satellite communication antennas. The invention comprises an equiphase orthomode coupler, a rotary orthomode coupler, an L-shaped waveguide rotary joint and a stepping motor driving assembly; the L-shaped waveguide rotary joint comprises a movable waveguide with a gear at one end and a waveguide with a seat, wherein a miniature bearing cavity is processed at one corner of a mounting flange of the waveguide with the seat; the step motor driving assembly comprises two pinions and a transmission rod, wherein the two pinions are respectively arranged at two sides of the miniature bearing cavity through the transmission rod, one of the two pinions is meshed with the driving gear, and the other pinion is meshed with a gear of the movable waveguide of the L-shaped waveguide rotary joint. According to the invention, the stepping motor driving assembly drives the rotary orthogonal mode coupler to rotate 360 degrees around the axis of the rotary orthogonal mode coupler, and the electric field direction of the through port of the rotary orthogonal mode coupler is matched with the electric field direction of the common port of the equal-phase orthogonal mode coupler at a certain angle, so that the linear polarization tracking capability is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a compact linear polarization tracker in the technical field of satellite communication antennas, in particular to a waveguide polarization tracker which has a compact structure and is used for realizing passive linear polarization tracking of a mobile carrier satellite communication antenna.
Background
With the development of satellite communication technology, mobile carrier satellite communication antennas such as vehicle-mounted, airborne or ship-mounted antennas are increasingly widely used. The satellite communication antenna moves along with the mobile carrier at any time, and because the linear polarization angle of the satellite antenna is fixed, in order to ensure that the linear polarization angle of the satellite communication antenna is always matched with the polarization angle of the satellite antenna in the process of transmitting and receiving signals, the energy loss caused by polarization adaptation is avoided, the linear polarization angle of the satellite communication antenna is required to rotate at any time, and the relative change of the polarization angle caused by carrier movement is compensated.
In practical engineering, for a reflector antenna, linear polarization tracking is generally realized by rotating a linear polarization feed source network, but for a flat panel array antenna widely applied at present, the method is obviously unprofitable, and for a circular or nearly circular flat panel array antenna, linear polarization tracking can be realized by rotating the whole flat panel array, but the whole antenna structure is very complex; for flat array antennas with a certain aspect ratio, the spatial variation caused by rotating the entire flat array is obviously unacceptable, so designing a linear polarization tracking device that can be used for carrier satellite communication antennas, especially flat array antennas, becomes a key to restrict the polarization development of the relevant antennas.
Currently, linear polarization tracking is mainly implemented in both active and passive implementations. Active linear polarization tracking is simple in principle and short in tracking time, but tracking of a received frequency band linear polarization signal can only be achieved, key indexes such as system standing waves and isolation cannot be directly tested through an instrument, and passive linear polarization tracking is gradually replaced by a waveguide linear polarization tracking device due to the characteristics of universality of the device on a received frequency band and a transmitted frequency band, low loss, high power, testability and the like.
The Chinese patent application number is 201510549806.0, the name is a novel polarization tracker, a novel polarization tracker is disclosed, and the problem that two output arms of the current polarization tracker are not parallel to output is solved. However, the polarization tracker of this invention has several problems: 1. the working bandwidth is narrow, the polarization tracking capability is realized in the frequency band of 14 GHz-14.5 GHz, and after the current broadband Ku frequency band satellite communication frequency band (the receiving frequency is 10.95 GHz-12.75 GHz, and the transmitting frequency is 13.75 GHz-14.5 GHz), the performance indexes such as standing wave and phase consistency are obviously deteriorated. The reason for the constraint performance is: firstly, the key technology for realizing polarization tracking is to realize linear polarization tracking by rotating a U-shaped rotary rotor which is arranged in a coaxial line in a waveguide system, and the transition matching bandwidth from the coaxial line to the waveguide system is narrow and the power capacity is not large. Secondly, the invention realizes the phase consistency problem between the common port and the two independent orthogonal ports of the orthogonal mode coupler by changing the width dimension of the waveguide to change the wavelength of the waveguide, however, along with the widening of the working bandwidth, the means is influenced by the waveguide phase dispersion effect, and the wider the bandwidth, the larger the dispersion and the larger the phase difference. The most fatal problem is that, in practical engineering application, even if the phase difference between the two output ports of the quadrature mode coupler is very good, if the phase difference between the two ports of the flat array antenna connected with the quadrature mode coupler is very large, the reverse polarization signal is excited in the cavity of the polarization tracker, although the energy is very weak, if the reverse polarization signal cannot be absorbed, the effect is that in the polarization tracking process, the rotation angles of different frequency point polarization trackers are different, and for a certain satellite transponder antenna, the polarization angles of all frequency points are fixed in the whole working frequency band, which greatly increases the design difficulty of the servo system of the polarization tracker and affects the communication effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is that: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the compact linear polarization tracker is provided, has the advantages of compact structure, small volume, good electrical performances such as port standing wave, isolation, phase consistency, power capacity and the like in the working bandwidth of a broadband Ku frequency band satellite communication frequency band, and particularly utilizes a coaxial probe to couple reverse polarization signals and absorbs the reverse polarization signals through a coaxial load, so that the influence of the phase consistency problem of a flat-panel array antenna system on communication is avoided. Meanwhile, the compact linear polarization tracker can be applied to other frequency bands through equal-ratio scaling.
The purpose of the invention is realized in the following way: a compact linear polarization tracker comprises an equiphase orthomode coupler 1, a stepping motor driving assembly 4, a rotary orthomode coupler 2 and an L-shaped waveguide rotary joint 3; the common port of the equal-phase quadrature mode coupler 1 is connected with the common port of the rotary quadrature mode coupler 2;
the L-shaped waveguide rotary joint 3 comprises a movable waveguide 31 with a gear at one end and a seated waveguide 36, wherein one end of the movable waveguide 31 with the gear is connected with a through port of the rotary orthogonal mode coupler 2, and the other end of the movable waveguide 31 is connected with a joint bearing cavity 37 of the seated waveguide 36; the waveguide 36 with the seat is provided with a mounting flange 38 for mounting the stepping motor drive assembly 4, and the mounting flange 38 is provided with a miniature bearing cavity 39;
the step motor driving assembly 4 comprises a step motor 41, a driving gear 42, a motor support 43, two pinions 44 and a transmission rod 45, wherein the step motor is arranged on the motor support 43, the driving gear 42 is arranged on a driving shaft of the step motor 41, and the two pinions 44 are respectively arranged on two sides of the miniature bearing cavity 39 of the L-shaped waveguide rotary joint 3 through the transmission rod 45; one of the two pinions 44 is meshed with the drive gear 42, and the other is meshed with the gear of the movable waveguide 31 of the L-shaped waveguide rotary joint 3; the motor mount 43 is connected to the mounting flange 38 of the L-shaped waveguide rotary joint 3.
Wherein the equiphase quadrature mode coupler 1 comprises a first structural block 11, a second structural block 12, a common port and first to second output ports; the first structural block 11 and the second structural block 12 have the same external dimensions, and the two output ports are bilaterally symmetrical relative to the symmetry axis of the equal-phase quadrature mode coupler 1;
the first structural block 11 is processed with: the cylindrical coupling cavity 111, the cylindrical step matching block 112, two groups of branch cavities 113 and two groups of rectangular step matching blocks 114 which are distributed in a mirror symmetry mode, wherein the cylindrical step matching block 112 is positioned at the center of the first structural block 11, is provided with N steps, the diameter of the bottommost step is the largest, and the bottom surface of the cylindrical step matching block is coplanar with the bottom surface of the cylindrical coupling cavity 111; the cylindrical coupling cavity 111 and the cylindrical step matching block 112 are concentric and the diameter of the cylindrical coupling cavity 111 is larger than the maximum diameter of the cylindrical step matching block 112; the two branch cavities 113 are rectangular right-angle bent structures, the inner ports of the two branch cavities are connected with the cylindrical coupling cavity 111, the two inner ports form an included angle of 90 degrees, and the length of the outer ports is half of the length of the output port of the equal-phase quadrature-mode coupler 1; a two-stage rectangular step matching block 114 is arranged at the direct turning of each branch cavity 113; wherein N is a natural number greater than or equal to 3;
the second structural block 12 is processed with: the straight-through circular waveguide 121, two branch cavities 122 and a bearing cavity 123 which are distributed symmetrically left and right about the symmetry axis of the second structural block 12; the straight-through circular waveguide 121 is positioned at the center of the second structural block 12, the two branch cavities 122 are positioned on one surface of the second structural block 12, and the bearing cavity 123 is positioned on the other surface of the second structural block 12; the two branch cavities 122 are rectangular structures, an included angle of 90 degrees is formed between the two branch cavities, the two inner ports are short-circuited, and the lengths of the two outer ports are half of the lengths of the output ports of the equal-phase quadrature-mode coupler 1; the bearing cavity 123 is concentric with the straight circular waveguide 121; after the first structural block 11 and the second structural block 12 are combined into the equal-phase orthogonal mode coupler 1, the straight-through circular waveguide 121 and the cylindrical coupling cavity 111 are concentric, and the corresponding inner surfaces of the two branch cavities 122 and the two branch cavities 113 are coincident.
The rotary orthogonal mode coupler 2 comprises a circular waveguide 21, a coupling coaxial probe 22 and an SMA coaxial load 23, wherein one end of the coupling coaxial probe 22 is perpendicular to the central axis of the circular waveguide 21 and is inserted into the circular waveguide 21, and the other end of the coupling coaxial probe is connected with the SMA coaxial load 23.
The working frequency band of the compact linear polarization tracker is as follows: 13.75 GHz-14.5 GHz.
The compact linear polarization tracker is suitable for a frequency band with preset bandwidth in an equal scaling mode.
The input port of the L-shaped waveguide rotary joint 3 and any one output port of the equal-phase orthogonal mode coupler 1 are positioned on the same side of the compact linear polarization tracker, and the electric field directions of the two are orthogonal.
Compared with the background technology, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) The equiphase orthogonal mode coupler 1, the rotary orthogonal mode coupler 2, the L-shaped waveguide rotary joint 3 and the stepping motor drive assembly 4 are positioned on the same axis, and the positions of the two output ports B and the output port C of the equiphase orthogonal mode coupler 1 are symmetrical, so that the whole compact linear polarization tracker has compact structure, convenient connection and convenient processing and application;
(2) The rotary orthogonal mode coupler can rotate continuously at 360 degrees, so that seamless tracking of linear polarization signals is realized, and a coaxial load is utilized to absorb anti-rotation polarization signals, so that a better tracking effect is ensured;
(3) The coaxial probe is used for coupling the reverse polarization signal, and the coaxial load is used for absorbing, so that the influence of the phase consistency problem of the flat-panel array antenna system on communication is avoided;
(4) The device has excellent performances of bandwidth, standing wave, isolation, phase consistency, power resistance, loss, reliability and the like, and is suitable for transmitting linear polarization and receiving linear polarization tracking.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the equiphase quadrature mode coupler of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an axial cross-sectional view of an equiphase quadrature mode coupler of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first block of the equiphase quadrature mode coupler of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second block of the equiphase quadrature mode coupler of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a rear view of a second block of the equiphase quadrature mode coupler of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotary quadrature mode coupler of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is an axial cross-sectional view of a rotary quadrature mode coupler of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic exploded view of the L-shaped waveguide rotary joint of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is an exploded view of the stepper motor drive assembly of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A compact linear polarization tracker mainly comprises the following 4 parts which are connected in sequence and positioned on the same axis: an equiphase orthomode coupler 1, a rotary orthomode coupler 2, an L-shaped waveguide rotary joint 3 and a stepper motor drive assembly 4.
In the above structure, the equiphase quadrature mode coupler 1 is a 3-port device, and the 3 ports are a common port a, an output port B, and an output port C, where the output port B and the output port C are two output ports of the compact linear polarization tracker, and the two output ports are bilaterally symmetrical about a symmetry axis of the equiphase quadrature mode coupler 1. The equiphase quadrature mode coupler 1 is composed of a first structural block 11 and a second structural block 12, and the first structural block 11 and the second structural block 12 have the same external dimensions.
The first structural block 11 is processed with: the cylindrical coupling cavity 111, the cylindrical ladder matching block 112, two groups of branch cavities 113 and rectangular ladder matching blocks 114 which are distributed in a mirror symmetry mode, wherein the cylindrical coupling cavity 111 and the cylindrical ladder matching block 112 are concentric, the cylindrical ladder matching block is provided with three steps, the diameter of the bottommost step is the largest, and the bottom surface of the cylindrical ladder matching block is coplanar with the bottom surface of the cylindrical coupling cavity. The two branch cavities 113 are rectangular right-angle bends in appearance, and the two rectangular step matching blocks 114 are two-stage steps and are respectively positioned at the right-angle bends of the two branch cavities 113. Two branch cavities 113 each have an inner end connected to the cylindrical coupling cavity 111 and an included angle of 90 ° between the two inner ends, and an outer end having a size half of the rectangular waveguide port size of the output port B and the output port C of the equal-phase quadrature-mode coupler 1.
The second block 12 is machined with: the straight-through circular waveguide 121, two branch cavities 122 which are distributed symmetrically about the symmetry axis of the second structural block 12, the two branch cavities 122 are rectangular in shape, an included angle of 90 degrees is formed between the two branch cavities, the inner ends of the two branch cavities are short-circuited, and the sizes of the two outer ends of the two branch cavities are half of the sizes of rectangular waveguide ports of the output port B and the output port C of the equal-phase quadrature-mode coupler 1. The other side of the second structural block 12 opposite to the two branch cavities 122 is provided with a bearing cavity 123, and the bearing cavity 123 and the straight circular waveguide 121 are concentric.
After the first structural block 11 and the second structural block 12 are combined into the equal-phase orthogonal mode coupler 1, the straight-through circular waveguide 121 and the cylindrical coupling cavity 111 are concentric, and the corresponding inner surfaces of the two branch cavities 122 and the two branch cavities 113 are coincident.
In the above structure, the rotary quadrature mode coupler 2 is a 3-port device, and the 3 ports are the common port D, the through port E, and the side port F, respectively. The common port a of the equiphase quadrature mode coupler 1 is connected to the common port D of the rotary quadrature mode coupler 2. The rotary orthogonal mode coupler 2 structurally consists of a circular waveguide 21, a coupling coaxial probe 22, an SMA coaxial load 23, a grid sheet 24, two step transition blocks 25, a duplexer bearing 26, a bearing nut 27 and a duplexer bearing cover plate 28. A cylindrical choke groove 29 for choke is formed on one end face of the circular waveguide 21; the outer wall of the circular waveguide 21 is provided with a side port F for placing an SMA coaxial load 23 and a coupling coaxial probe 22. One end of the coupling coaxial probe 22 is inserted into the circular waveguide 21 perpendicular to the central axis of the circular waveguide 21, and the other end is connected with the SMA coaxial load 23. The diplexer bearing 26 is mounted on one end of the circular waveguide 21 where a cylindrical choke groove 29 is formed by a bearing nut 27. The grating 24 is inserted along the end of the circular waveguide 21, which is not processed with a cylindrical choke groove 29, the end face of the grating 24 coincides with the end face of the circular waveguide 21, and the wide face of the grating 24 is vertical to the coupling coaxial probe 22. Two step transition blocks 25 are symmetrically arranged at one end of the circular waveguide 21 where the grating 24 is arranged. The rotary quadrature mode coupler 2 is connected to the second structural block 12 of the equiphase quadrature mode coupler 1 through a duplexer bearing cover plate 28, and the axis of the rotary quadrature mode coupler 2 coincides with the axis of the equiphase quadrature mode coupler 1.
In the above structure, the L-shaped waveguide rotary joint 3 is a two-port device, and the 2 ports are the fixed port G and the rotary port H, respectively. The L-shaped waveguide rotary joint 3 structurally comprises a movable waveguide 31, a coupling probe 32, two joint bearings 33, a joint bearing cover plate 34, a joint bearing nut 35 and a waveguide 36 with a seat. One end of the movable waveguide 31 is a rectangular waveguide port H, a flange of the rectangular waveguide port H is a circular flange with a gear, and the rectangular waveguide port H is connected with a straight-through port E of the rotary orthogonal mode coupler 2 through the circular flange; the other end constitutes a coaxial line port with a coupling probe 32 mounted in the movable waveguide 31. The two knuckle bearings 33 are serially fixed to one end of the coaxial line port of the movable waveguide 31 by knuckle bearing nuts 35. One end of the waveguide 36 with the seat is a rectangular waveguide port with a square flange, the other end is provided with a joint bearing cavity 37, and the movable waveguide 31 is connected with one end of the waveguide 36 with the seat, which is provided with the joint bearing cavity 37, through the joint bearing cover plate 34. The seated waveguide 36 is machined with a mounting flange 38 for mounting the stepper motor drive assembly 4, one corner of which is machined with a miniature bearing cavity 39.
The L-shaped waveguide rotary joint 3 is used to realize the fixation of the signal input (output) port during 360 ° rotation of the rotary quadrature mode coupler 2, and supports the stepper motor drive assembly 4.
In the above structure, the stepping motor driving assembly 4 is composed of the stepping motor 41, the driving gear 42, the motor support 43, the two pinions 44, the transmission rod 45, the two micro bearings 46 and the micro bearing cover plate 47. The drive gear 42 is mounted on the drive shaft of the stepper motor 41. The stepper motor is mounted on a motor mount 43. The motor mount 43 is connected to the mounting flange 38 of the L-shaped waveguide rotary joint 3. The two pinions 44 are mounted at two ends of the transmission rod 45, and the rotation directions of the two pinions are identical. Two micro bearings 46 are mounted in series on the transmission rod 45 and are connected with the micro bearing cavity 39 in the L-shaped waveguide rotary joint 3 through a micro bearing cover plate 47. One of the two pinions 44 is meshed with the drive gear 42, and the other is meshed with a gear on a rectangular waveguide port flange of the movable waveguide 31 of the L-shaped waveguide rotary joint 3.
The stepping motor driving assembly 4 drives the rotary orthogonal mode coupler 2 to rotate 360 degrees around the axis of the stepping motor driving assembly, and the electric field direction of the through port of the rotary orthogonal mode coupler 2 is matched with the electric field direction in the public port of the equal-phase orthogonal mode coupler 1 at a certain angle, so that linear polarization tracking is realized.
According to the compact linear polarization tracker, a linear polarization tracker working in a satellite communication extended Ku transmitting frequency band (13.75 GHz-14.5 GHz) is designed, wherein the diameter of a straight-through circular waveguide 121 of the equal-phase orthogonal mode coupler 1 is 15mm, the diameter of a cylindrical coupling cavity 111 is 18.96mm, the height is 7.9mm, a branching cavity 113 and a branching cavity 122 are standard BJ140 rectangular waveguides executing standard GB 11450.2-89, and the caliber of the waveguide is 15.8mm multiplied by 7.9mm. The cylindrical step matching block 112 has a 3-stage step structure, and the diameters and the height dimensions of the first stage step, the second stage step and the third stage step are respectively: 13.62 mm. Times.1.87 mm,10.24 mm. Times.2.52 mm and 3.04 mm. Times.6.43 mm. The two rectangular step matching blocks 114 are two steps, and the sizes of the first step and the second step are respectively: 5.87 mm. Times.5.87 mm. Times.4.14 mm,3.68 mm. Times.3.68 mm. Times.5.89 mm. The diameter of the circular waveguide 21 of the rotary quadrature mode coupler 2 is 15mm. The inner diameter of the duplexer bearing is 25mm, the outer diameter is 32mm, and the thickness is 4mm. The coupling coaxial probe 22 is a square flange standard SMA coaxial probe having a depth of 4.13mm and a distance from the pass-through port E of 28.6mm. The thickness of the grating sheet 24 was 1mm and the insertion depth was 23mm. The two ports of the L-shaped waveguide rotary joint 3 are standard BJ140 waveguide ports, the diameter of the coupling probe 32 is 2mm, the depth is 26.88mm, the inner diameter of the joint bearing 33 is 17mm, the outer diameter is 26mm, and the thickness is 5mm. The micro bearing cavity 39 has a diameter of 7mm. The miniature bearing 46 in the stepper motor drive assembly 4 has an inner diameter of 17mm, an outer diameter of 26mm and a thickness of 5mm.
Computer simulation is carried out according to the design dimensions, the standing wave of the public port is better than 1.25 in the working bandwidth of 13.75 GHz-14.5 GHz, the isolation is more than 30dB, the transmission phase difference is less than 1 degree, and the engineering application requirements are met.
And scaling according to the ratio of the central frequency of the working frequency band, so that the linear polarization tracker working in the satellite communication extended Ku receiving frequency band (10.95 GHz-12.75 GHz) can be designed.
The invention is not described in detail in part as being common general knowledge to a person skilled in the art.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
when the device is used for transmitting frequency band linear polarization tracking, the fixed port G of the L-shaped waveguide rotary joint 3 is used as a signal input port, the stepping motor driving assembly 4 drives the rotary orthogonal mode coupler 2 to rotate 360 degrees around the axis, the electric field polarization direction of the through port E of the rotary orthogonal mode coupler 2 at a certain angle is the same as the polarization angle direction of the satellite receiving antenna, and a transmitting signal is transmitted into the equiphase orthogonal mode coupler 1 through the circular waveguide 21 of the rotary orthogonal mode coupler 2 and is output in the same phase by the output port B and the output port C in the same amplitude respectively, so that the linear polarization tracking function is completed.
The linear polarization tracking of the receiving frequency band and the linear polarization tracking of the transmitting frequency band are reciprocal.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing detailed description has been given for the purpose of providing a reader with the principles of the invention, and it is intended that the scope of the invention is not limited to such specific embodiments, but is intended to cover various modifications or arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A compact linear polarization tracker, comprising an equiphase orthomode coupler (1) and a stepping motor drive assembly (4), characterized by also comprising a rotary orthomode coupler (2) and an L-shaped waveguide rotary joint (3); the common port of the equal-phase orthogonal mode coupler (1) is connected with the common port of the rotary orthogonal mode coupler (2);
the L-shaped waveguide rotary joint (3) comprises a movable waveguide (31) with a gear at one end and a seat waveguide (36), wherein one end of the movable waveguide (31) with the gear is connected with a through port of the rotary orthogonal mode coupler (2), and the other end of the movable waveguide (31) is connected with a joint bearing cavity (37) of the seat waveguide (36); the waveguide (36) with the seat is provided with a mounting flange (38) for mounting the stepping motor driving assembly (4), and the mounting flange (38) is provided with a miniature bearing cavity (39);
the stepping motor driving assembly (4) comprises a stepping motor (41), a driving gear (42), a motor support (43), two pinions (44) and a transmission rod (45), wherein the stepping motor is arranged on the motor support (43), the driving gear (42) is arranged on a driving shaft of the stepping motor (41), and the two pinions (44) are respectively arranged on two sides of a miniature bearing cavity (39) of the L-shaped waveguide rotary joint (3) through the transmission rod (45); one of the two pinions (44) is meshed with the driving gear (42), and the other is meshed with a gear of the movable waveguide (31) of the L-shaped waveguide rotary joint (3); the motor support (43) is connected with a mounting flange (38) of the L-shaped waveguide rotary joint (3).
2. A compact linear polarization tracker according to claim 1, wherein: the equiphase quadrature mode coupler (1) comprises a first structural block (11), a second structural block (12), a common port and first to second output ports; the first structural block (11) and the second structural block (12) have the same external dimensions, and the two output ports are bilaterally symmetrical relative to the symmetry axis of the equal-phase quadrature mode coupler (1);
the first structural block (11) is processed with: the cylindrical coupling cavity (111), the cylindrical ladder matching block (112), two groups of branch cavities (113) and two groups of rectangular ladder matching blocks (114) which are distributed in a mirror symmetry mode, wherein the cylindrical ladder matching block (112) is positioned at the center of the first structural block (11), N steps are arranged, the diameter of the bottommost step is the largest, and the bottom surface of the cylindrical ladder matching block is coplanar with the bottom surface of the cylindrical coupling cavity (111); the cylindrical coupling cavity (111) and the cylindrical step matching block (112) are concentric, and the diameter of the cylindrical coupling cavity (111) is larger than the maximum diameter of the cylindrical step matching block (112); the two branch cavities (113) are of rectangular right-angle bent structures, the inner ports of the two branch cavities are connected with the cylindrical coupling cavity (111), the two inner ports form an included angle of 90 degrees, and the length of the outer port of the two branch cavities is half of the length of the output port of the equal-phase quadrature mode coupler (1); a two-stage rectangular step matching block (114) is arranged at the direct turning part of each branch cavity (113); wherein N is a natural number greater than or equal to 3;
the second structural block (12) is processed with: the straight-through circular waveguide (121), two branch cavities (122) and a bearing cavity (123) are symmetrically distributed on the left and right of the symmetry axis of the second structural block (12); the straight-through circular waveguide (121) is positioned at the center of the second structural block (12), the two branch cavities (122) are positioned on one surface of the second structural block (12), and the bearing cavity (123) is positioned on the other surface of the second structural block (12); the two branch cavities (122) are rectangular structures, an included angle of 90 degrees is formed between the two branch cavities, the two inner ports are short-circuited, and the lengths of the two outer ports are half of the lengths of the output ports of the equal-phase quadrature mode coupler (1); the bearing cavity (123) is concentric with the straight circular waveguide (121); after the first structural block (11) and the second structural block (12) are combined into the equal-phase orthogonal mode coupler (1), the straight-through circular waveguide (121) and the cylindrical coupling cavity (111) are concentric, and the two branch cavities (122) and the corresponding inner surfaces of the two branch cavities (113) are overlapped.
3. A compact linear polarization tracker according to claim 1, wherein: the rotary orthogonal mode coupler (2) comprises a circular waveguide (21), a coupling coaxial probe (22) and an SMA coaxial load (23), wherein one end of the coupling coaxial probe (22) is perpendicular to the central axis of the circular waveguide (21) and is inserted into the circular waveguide (21), and the other end of the coupling coaxial probe is connected with the SMA coaxial load (23).
4. A compact linear polarization tracker according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the working frequency band of the compact linear polarization tracker is as follows: 13.75 GHz-14.5 GHz.
5. A compact linear polarization tracker according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the compact linear polarization tracker is suitable for a frequency band with preset bandwidth in an equal-ratio scaling mode.
6. A compact linear polarization tracker according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the input port of the L-shaped waveguide rotary joint (3) and any one output port of the equal-phase orthomode coupler (1) are positioned on the same side of the compact linear polarization tracker, and the electric field directions of the input port and the output port are orthogonal.
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