CN106437876B - A kind of cogeneration units depth peak regulation system and its operation method - Google Patents

A kind of cogeneration units depth peak regulation system and its operation method Download PDF

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CN106437876B
CN106437876B CN201610738334.8A CN201610738334A CN106437876B CN 106437876 B CN106437876 B CN 106437876B CN 201610738334 A CN201610738334 A CN 201610738334A CN 106437876 B CN106437876 B CN 106437876B
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heat
steam
valve
peak regulation
regenerative apparatus
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CN106437876A (en
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孙士恩
高新勇
彭桂云
田亚
常浩
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Huadian Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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Huadian Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D17/00Regulating or controlling by varying flow
    • F01D17/10Final actuators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K11/00Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
    • F01K11/02Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of cogeneration units depth peak regulation system and its operation method.At present also without the effective technology for carrying out fired power generating unit power peak regulation.The present invention includes boiler, steam turbine, generator, heat exchange station, heat user, heat supply extraction steam pipe and heat supply pipeline, steam turbine and connected with generator, and heat exchange station is connected by heat supply pipeline with heat user, is characterized in:Also include heat transmission equipment, regenerative apparatus, main steam pipe, reheated steam pipe and reducing-and-cooling plant, boiler connects with main steam pipe, main steam pipe is divided into two branch roads and is connected respectively with steam turbine and reducing-and-cooling plant, steam turbine connects with reheated steam pipe, reheated steam pipe is divided into two branch roads and is connected respectively with boiler and reducing-and-cooling plant, reducing-and-cooling plant, heat transmission equipment and regenerative apparatus are sequentially connected by pipeline, and regenerative apparatus is connected by pipeline with heat supply pipeline.Reasonable in design, the dependable performance of the present invention, is advantageously implemented unit power peak regulation and thermic load peak load shifting.

Description

A kind of cogeneration units depth peak regulation system and its operation method
Technical field
The invention belongs to heat supply thermal power plant accumulation of heat peak regulation technique field, and in particular to a kind of cogeneration units depth peak regulation System and its operation method, it is particularly suitable for use in and carries out the thermal power plant of heat supply and peak load regulation network.
Background technology
At present, China's policy gradually payes attention to the popularization of new energy, reduces the ratio of fired power generating unit.Ended for the end of the year 2012, I The existing 44.8GW of state installed capacity of wind-driven power.But wind-powered electricity generation has very strong randomness, intermittence, uncontrollability and demodulates peak spy Property, this carries out the difficulty of peak load regulation network with regard to gradually increasing fired power generating unit.In order to effectively dissolve new forms of energy resource, country by The policy requirement of fired power generating unit peak regulation is gradually increased, if northeast Supervision Bureau of National Energy Board is on printing and distributing《Tohoku Electric Power peak regulation Assisted hatching supervisory method(It is tentative)》And its supplementary provisions requirement should lift clean energy resource consumption space, ensure again Resident's heating quality." staged " compensation mechanism is defined simultaneously, divides third gear making up price, i.e., first grade according to peak regulation rate:48% <Thermal power plant's peak regulation rate≤55%, compensation valency are 0.4 yuan/kWh;Second gear:55%<Thermal power plant's peak regulation rate≤60%, compensation valency are 0.4 ~0.6 yuan/kWh;Third gear:Thermal power plant's peak regulation rate>60%, compensation valency is 0.6~0.8 yuan/kWh.
As can be seen here, national policy is just progressively increasing the compensation dynamics to fired power generating unit peak modulation capacity;Require thermoelectricity simultaneously Unit must ensure the heating quality of resident when peak load regulation network is carried out, and this just further increases fired power generating unit peak regulation Difficulty.Therefore, how fired power generating unit power peak regulation is effectively carried out, and does not influence resident's heating quality, thermal power plant is come Say, play vital effect.Publication date is on 01 19th, 2011, Publication No. CN101950964A Chinese patent In, disclosed a kind of system and dispatching method comprising cogeneration units and pure condensed steam formula fired power generating unit also could not be really real Now lift the function of unit flexibility.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome above shortcomings in the prior art, and provide a kind of reasonable in design, performance Reliably, unit power peak regulation and the cogeneration units depth peak regulation system of thermic load peak load shifting and its operation are advantageously implemented Method.
Technical scheme is used by the present invention solves the above problems:The cogeneration units depth peak regulation system includes pot Stove, steam turbine, generator, heat exchange station, heat user, heat supply extraction steam pipe and heat supply pipeline, the steam turbine connect with generator, institute State generator to connect with power network, the steam turbine is connected by heat supply extraction steam pipe with heat exchange station, and the heat exchange station passes through heating tube Road connects with heat user, and its design feature is:Also include heat transmission equipment, regenerative apparatus, main steam pipe, reheated steam pipe and subtract Warm decompressor, the boiler connect with main steam pipe, the main steam pipe be divided into two branch roads respectively with steam turbine and desuperheat Decompressor connects, and the steam turbine connects with reheated steam pipe, the reheated steam pipe be divided into two branch roads respectively with boiler Connected with reducing-and-cooling plant, the reducing-and-cooling plant, heat transmission equipment and regenerative apparatus are sequentially connected by pipeline, the storage Thermal is connected by pipeline with heat supply pipeline.
Preferably, present invention additionally comprises valve A and valve B, the valve A and valve B to be separately mounted to main steam pipe Two branch roads on.
Preferably, present invention additionally comprises valve C, the valve C, which is arranged on, to be used to connect heat transmission equipment and regenerative apparatus Pipeline on.
Preferably, present invention additionally comprises valve D and valve E, the valve D and valve E are installed on heat supply pipeline, The both sides for the tie point that valve D and valve E is connected positioned at regenerative apparatus with heat supply pipeline respectively.
Preferably, present invention additionally comprises valve F, the valve F, which is arranged on, to be used to connect regenerative apparatus and heat supply pipeline Pipeline on.
To be arranged on preferably, present invention additionally comprises valve H, the valve H on reheated steam pipe.
Preferably, present invention additionally comprises valve G and valve J, the valve G and valve J to be separately mounted to reheated steam On two branch roads of pipe.
Preferably, steam turbine of the present invention is extraction condensing type thermal power plant unit or back pressure type thermal power plant unit.
A kind of operation method of described cogeneration units depth peak regulation system, it is characterised in that:The operation method The step of it is as follows:
1)When steam turbine is back pressure type thermal power plant unit, by the operating condition, main steam or the reheated steam that adjust boiler The flow of steam turbine and heat transmission equipment and the operating condition of regenerative apparatus are respectively enterd to meet peak regulation demand;
When electrical load requirement is decreased or increased, by increaseing or decreasing the method for reheated steam flow reducing or Improve the generation load of thermoelectricity unit, furthermore with regenerative apparatus by the storage of the reheated steam increased or decreased this partial heat or Discharge, to reach the matching of electric load and thermic load;And/or the evaporation capacity of boiler is reduced or increases, to decrease or increase Main steam enters the flow of steam turbine to meet power peak regulation demand, while balances steamer using regenerative apparatus accumulation of heat or heat release The supply-demand difference of thermic load between the two needed for machine heating demand and heat user;If both the above method still can not meet electricity Power peak regulation demand, then by the way that a part of main steam is introduced into heat transmission equipment, further to reduce the throttle flow of steam turbine, with depth The generation load of thermoelectricity unit is reduced, and the heat of main steam release is supplied directly to heat supply network, or heat is deposited using regenerative apparatus Storage is got up;
2)When steam turbine is extraction condensing type thermal power plant unit, by the operation work for adjusting the operating condition of boiler, regenerative apparatus Condition, main steam or reheated steam respectively enter the flow of steam turbine and heat transmission equipment and the operating condition of steam turbine to meet to adjust Peak demand;
When electrical load requirement is decreased or increased, drawn gas by increaseing or decreasing heating or the side of reheated steam flow Method reduces or improved the generation load of thermoelectricity unit, and the heating that increases or decreases is drawn gas or reheating furthermore with regenerative apparatus The storage of this partial heat of steam discharges, to reach the matching of electric load and thermic load;And/or reduce or increase boiler Evaporation capacity, to decrease or increase main steam into the flow of steam turbine to meet power peak regulation demand, while filled using accumulation of heat Accumulation of heat or heat release are put to balance the supply-demand difference of thermic load between the two needed for steam turbine heating demand and heat user;More than if Two methods still can not meet power peak regulation demand, then by the way that a part of main steam is introduced into heat transmission equipment, further to subtract The throttle flow of few steam turbine, the generation load of thermoelectricity unit being reduced with depth, the heat of main steam release is supplied directly to heat supply network, Or heat is stored using regenerative apparatus.
Preferably, the present invention is heat user progress heat supply using steam caused by cogeneration units or filled using accumulation of heat Put when carrying out accumulation of heat, the steam that prioritizing selection heat supply extraction steam pipe provides, the steam secondly provided for reheated steam pipe, it is last based on The steam that steam pipe provides.
The present invention compared with prior art, has advantages below and effect:It is simple in construction, reasonable in design, dependable performance, base In accumulation of heat peak regulation system, rational design realizes that thermal power plant meets the power peak regulation requirement of power network, can also realize Cogeneration Heat The purpose of load peak load shifting;After having used the present invention, it is possible to achieve fired power generating unit meets the needs of supplying heat and generating power simultaneously, It is worth with higher practice.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of cogeneration units depth peak regulation system in the embodiment of the present invention.
In figure:1-boiler, 2-steam turbine, 3-generator, 4-heat exchange station, 5-heat user, 6-heat transmission equipment, 7- Regenerative apparatus, 8-valve A, 9-valve B, 10-valve C, 11-valve D, 12-valve E, 13-valve F, 14-valve G, 15-valve H, 16-valve J, 17-main steam pipe, 18-reheated steam pipe, 19-heat supply extraction steam pipe, 20-heat supply pipeline, 21-reducing-and-cooling plant.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the present invention is described in further detail by embodiment, and following examples are to this hair Bright explanation and the invention is not limited in following examples.
Embodiment.
Referring to Fig. 1, the cogeneration units depth peak regulation system in the present embodiment includes boiler 1, steam turbine 2, generator 3rd, heat exchange station 4, heat user 5, heat transmission equipment 6, regenerative apparatus 7, valve A8, valve B9, valve C10, valve D11, valve E12, Valve F13, valve G14, valve H15, valve J16, main steam pipe 17, reheated steam pipe 18, heat supply extraction steam pipe 19, heat supply pipeline 20 and reducing-and-cooling plant 21, wherein, steam turbine 2 can be extraction condensing type thermal power plant unit or back pressure type thermal power plant unit.
Steam turbine 2 and generator 3 in the present embodiment connect, and generator 3 connects with power network, and steam turbine 2 is taken out by heat supply Steam pipe 19 and heat exchange station 4 are connected, and heat exchange station 4 is connected by heat supply pipeline 20 and heat user 5, and boiler 1 and main steam pipe 17 connect. Main steam pipe 17 is divided into two branch roads and is connected respectively with steam turbine 2 and reducing-and-cooling plant 21, i.e., main steam pipe 17 separate two In bar branch road, a branch road is connected with steam turbine 2, and another branch road is connected with reducing-and-cooling plant 21.
Steam turbine 2 and reheated steam pipe 18 in the present embodiment connect, reheated steam pipe 18 be divided into two branch roads respectively with Boiler 1 and reducing-and-cooling plant 21 are connected, i.e., in two branch roads that reheated steam pipe 18 separates, a branch road is connected with boiler 1, Another branch road is connected with reducing-and-cooling plant 21.Reducing-and-cooling plant 21, heat transmission equipment 6 and regenerative apparatus 7 by pipeline according to Secondary connection, regenerative apparatus 7 are connected by pipeline and heat supply pipeline 20.
Valve A8 and valve B9 in the present embodiment are separately mounted on two branch roads of main steam pipe 17, wherein, valve A8 is arranged on the branch road being connected with steam turbine 2, and valve B9 is arranged on the branch road being connected with reducing-and-cooling plant 21.Valve C10 Installed in the pipeline for connecting heat transmission equipment 6 and regenerative apparatus 7.Valve D11 and valve E12 are installed in heat supply pipeline 20 On, the both sides for the tie point that valve D11 and valve E12 are connected positioned at regenerative apparatus 7 with heat supply pipeline 20 respectively, i.e. valve D11, the tie point and valve E12 of regenerative apparatus 7 and heat supply pipeline 20 are arranged in order along heat supply pipeline 20.Valve F13 is installed In the pipeline for connecting regenerative apparatus 7 and heat supply pipeline 20.Valve H15 is arranged on reheated steam pipe 18.Valve G14 and Valve J16 is separately mounted on two branch roads of reheated steam pipe 18, wherein, valve G14 is arranged on the branch road being connected with boiler 1 On, valve J16 is arranged on the branch road being connected with reducing-and-cooling plant 21.
The step of operation method of cogeneration units depth peak regulation system in the present embodiment, is as follows.
1)When steam turbine 2 is back pressure type thermal power plant unit, steamed by the operating condition, main steam or the reheating that adjust boiler 1 Vapour respectively enters the flow of steam turbine 2 and heat transmission equipment 6 and the operating condition of regenerative apparatus 7 to meet peak regulation demand.
When electrical load requirement is decreased or increased, by increaseing or decreasing the method for reheated steam flow reducing or The generation load of thermoelectricity unit is improved, this partial heat stores by the reheated steam increased or decreased furthermore with regenerative apparatus 7 Or discharge, to reach the matching of electric load and thermic load;And/or reduce or the evaporation capacity of increase boiler 1, reducing or Increase main steam into the flow of steam turbine 2 to meet power peak regulation demand, while put down using the accumulation of heat of regenerative apparatus 7 or heat release Weigh the supply-demand difference of thermic load between the two needed for the heating demand of steam turbine 2 and heat user 5;If both the above method still without Method meets power peak regulation demand, then by the way that a part of main steam is introduced into heat transmission equipment 6, further to reduce entering for steam turbine 2 Vapour amount, the generation load of thermoelectricity unit is reduced with depth, the heat of main steam release is supplied directly to heat supply network, or is filled using accumulation of heat 7 are put to store heat.
2)When steam turbine 2 is extraction condensing type thermal power plant unit, the operation of operating condition, regenerative apparatus 7 by adjusting boiler 1 The operating condition of flow and steam turbine 2 that operating mode, main steam or reheated steam respectively enter steam turbine 2 and heat transmission equipment 6 comes Meet peak regulation demand.
When electrical load requirement is decreased or increased, drawn gas by increaseing or decreasing heating or the side of reheated steam flow Method reduces or improved the generation load of thermoelectricity unit, furthermore with regenerative apparatus 7 heating increased or decreased is drawn gas or again The storage of this partial heat of vapours discharges, to reach the matching of electric load and thermic load;And/or reduce or increase pot The evaporation capacity of stove 1, to decrease or increase main steam into the flow of steam turbine 2 to meet power peak regulation demand, while utilize storage The accumulation of heat of thermal 7 or heat release balance the supply-demand difference of thermic load between the two needed for the heating demand of steam turbine 2 and heat user 5; If both the above method still can not meet power peak regulation demand, by the way that a part of main steam is introduced into heat transmission equipment 6, come The throttle flow of steam turbine 2 is further reduced, the generation load of thermoelectricity unit is reduced with depth, the heat of main steam release directly supplies Heat supply network is given to, or is stored heat using regenerative apparatus 7.
It is the progress heat supply of heat user 5 using steam caused by cogeneration units in the present embodiment or utilizes regenerative apparatus 7 Carry out accumulation of heat when, prioritizing selection heat supply extraction steam pipe 19 provide steam, secondly for reheated steam pipe 18 provide steam, finally for The steam that main steam pipe 17 provides.
The present invention is based on regenerative apparatus 7, and rational design realizes that the power peak regulation of cogeneration units is filled out with thermic load peak clipping Paddy, after the present invention, it can not only realize that unit meets the needs of supplying heat and generating power, can also realize that boiler is located for a long time simultaneously In preferable operating condition, there is higher practice to be worth.
Furthermore, it is necessary to illustrate, the specific embodiment described in this specification, the shape of its parts and components, it is named Title etc. can be different, and the above content described in this specification is only to structure example explanation of the present invention.It is all according to The equivalence changes or simple change done according to the construction described in inventional idea of the present invention, feature and principle, are included in this hair In the protection domain of bright patent.Those skilled in the art can do various to described specific embodiment The modification of various kinds or supplement are substituted using similar mode, without departing from structure of the invention or surmount present claims Scope defined in book, protection scope of the present invention all should be belonged to.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of cogeneration units depth peak regulation system, including boiler(1), steam turbine(2), generator(3), heat exchange station(4)、 Heat user(5), heat supply extraction steam pipe(19)And heat supply pipeline(20), the steam turbine(2)And generator(3)Connection, the steamer Machine(2)Pass through heat supply extraction steam pipe(19)And heat exchange station(4)Connection, the heat exchange station(4)Pass through heat supply pipeline(20)And heat user (5)Connection, it is characterised in that:Also include heat transmission equipment(6), regenerative apparatus(7), main steam pipe(17), reheated steam pipe(18) And reducing-and-cooling plant(21), the boiler(1)And main steam pipe(17)Connection, the main steam pipe(17)It is divided into two branch roads Respectively with steam turbine(2)And reducing-and-cooling plant(21)Connection, the steam turbine(2)With reheated steam pipe(18)Connection, it is described Reheated steam pipe(18)Be divided into two branch roads respectively with boiler(1)And reducing-and-cooling plant(21)Connection, the pressure and temperature reducing dress Put(21), heat transmission equipment(6)And regenerative apparatus(7)It is sequentially connected by pipeline, the regenerative apparatus(7)Pass through pipeline and heat supply Pipeline(20)Connection.
2. cogeneration units depth peak regulation system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Also include valve A(8)With Valve B(9), the valve A(8)With valve B(9)It is separately mounted to main steam pipe(17)Two branch roads on.
3. cogeneration units depth peak regulation system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Also include valve C(10), The valve C(10)Installed in for connecting heat transmission equipment(6)And regenerative apparatus(7)Pipeline on.
4. cogeneration units depth peak regulation system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Also include valve D(11) With valve E(12), the valve D(11)With valve E(12)It is installed in heat supply pipeline(20)On, valve D(11)With valve E (12)It is located at regenerative apparatus respectively(7)With heat supply pipeline(20)The both sides of the tie point of connection.
5. cogeneration units depth peak regulation system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Also include valve F(13), The valve F(13)Installed in for connecting regenerative apparatus(7)And heat supply pipeline(20)Pipeline on.
6. cogeneration units depth peak regulation system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Also include valve H(15), The valve H(15)Installed in reheated steam pipe(18)On.
7. cogeneration units depth peak regulation system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Also include valve G(14) With valve J(16), the valve G(14)With valve J(16)It is separately mounted to reheated steam pipe(18)Two branch roads on.
8. cogeneration units depth peak regulation system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The steam turbine(2)For Extraction condensing type thermal power plant unit or back pressure type thermal power plant unit.
9. a kind of operation method of cogeneration units depth peak regulation system as described in claim 1~8 any claim, It is characterized in that:The step of operation method, is as follows:
1)Work as steam turbine(2)For back pressure type thermal power plant unit when, by adjusting boiler(1)Operating condition, main steam or reheating steam Vapour respectively enters steam turbine(2)With heat transmission equipment(6)Flow and regenerative apparatus(7)Operating condition meet peak regulation need Ask;
When electrical load requirement is decreased or increased, reduces or improve by increaseing or decreasing the method for reheated steam flow The generation load of thermoelectricity unit, furthermore with regenerative apparatus(7)By the storage of the reheated steam increased or decreased this partial heat or Discharge, to reach the matching of electric load and thermic load;And/or reduce or increase boiler(1)Evaporation capacity, reducing or Increase main steam enters steam turbine(2)Flow to meet power peak regulation demand, while utilize regenerative apparatus(7)Accumulation of heat or heat release To balance steam turbine(2)Heating demand and heat user(5)The supply-demand difference of required thermic load between the two;If both the above side Method still can not meet power peak regulation demand, then by the way that a part of main steam is introduced into heat transmission equipment(6), further to reduce vapour Turbine(2)Throttle flow, with depth reduce thermoelectricity unit generation load, main steam release heat be supplied directly to heat supply network, Or utilize regenerative apparatus(7)Heat is stored;
2)Work as steam turbine(2)For extraction condensing type thermal power plant unit when, by adjusting boiler(1)Operating condition, regenerative apparatus(7)Fortune Row operating mode, main steam or reheated steam respectively enter steam turbine(2)With heat transmission equipment(6)Flow and steam turbine(2)Fortune Row operating mode meets peak regulation demand;
When electrical load requirement is decreased or increased, drawn gas by increaseing or decreasing heating or the method for reheated steam flow come The generation load of thermoelectricity unit is reduced or improves, furthermore with regenerative apparatus(7)The heating increased or decreased is drawn gas or reheating The storage of this partial heat of steam discharges, to reach the matching of electric load and thermic load;And/or reduce or increase boiler (1)Evaporation capacity, enter steam turbine to decrease or increase main steam(2)Flow to meet power peak regulation demand, utilize simultaneously Regenerative apparatus(7)Accumulation of heat or heat release balance steam turbine(2)Heating demand and heat user(5)The confession of required thermic load between the two Need difference;If both the above method still can not meet power peak regulation demand, exchanged heat by the way that a part of main steam is introduced Equipment(6), further to reduce steam turbine(2)Throttle flow, with depth reduce thermoelectricity unit generation load, main steam release Heat be supplied directly to heat supply network, or utilize regenerative apparatus(7)Heat is stored.
10. the operation method of cogeneration units depth peak regulation system according to claim 9, it is characterised in that:Utilize Steam caused by cogeneration units is heat user(5)Carry out heat supply or utilize regenerative apparatus(7)When carrying out accumulation of heat, prioritizing selection Heat supply extraction steam pipe(19)The steam of offer, it is secondly reheated steam pipe(18)The steam of offer, it is finally main steam pipe(17)Carry The steam of confession.
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