CN214660400U - Multistage steam extraction back pressure type small steam turbine grading heat regeneration and heating system - Google Patents
Multistage steam extraction back pressure type small steam turbine grading heat regeneration and heating system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model relates to the technical field of heat supply of thermal power generating units, in particular to a multistage extraction back pressure type small steam turbine grading backheating and heating system, which comprises a small steam turbine, a grading backheating system and a heating system, wherein the small steam turbine is used for dragging power equipment and is provided with a steam inlet, a steam exhaust outlet and a plurality of steam extraction outlets, and the steam inlet is connected with a middle pressure cylinder of a main steam turbine; the grading heat recovery system comprises a condensate pump, a preposed low-pressure heater and a plurality of low-pressure heaters which are sequentially communicated; the heating system comprises a heat supply network circulating water pump, a heat supply network condenser, a plurality of steam extraction heaters and a heat supply network heater which are sequentially communicated; wherein, the steam exhaust outlet is connected with a preposed low-pressure heater or a heat supply network condenser, and the steam extraction outlet is correspondingly connected with the low-pressure heater one by one. The system not only provides dragging power for power equipment, but also simultaneously realizes heating in winter and regenerative heating of condensed water of the main turbine in summer, and performs full-cycle utilization on the exhaust waste heat of the small turbine.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a thermal power generating unit heat supply technical field especially relates to a hierarchical backheat and heating system of little steam turbine of multistage extraction back pressure type.
Background
Cogeneration is an important means for realizing energy conservation and emission reduction which is recognized at home and abroad, and the state puts a plurality of policies on mainly supporting the development of the Cogeneration. However, a straight condensing thermal power generating unit is rapidly developed, the installed capacity is seriously excessive, the central heating of cogeneration is seriously insufficient, and the proportion of the central heating in the national heating is less than 1/3. In order to accelerate the development of cogeneration, the resource allocation of the existing thermal power generating unit needs to be further optimized, the social benefit of the existing thermal power generating equipment is brought into play, and the heat supply transformation is carried out on the existing pure condensation thermal power generating unit. If the traditional medium pressure cylinder steam exhaust and heat supply transformation technology is adopted to carry out heat supply transformation on the straight condensing thermal power generating unit, compared with a cogeneration unit, the heat supply steam parameter of the straight condensing thermal power generating unit after heat supply is changed is relatively high, and the direct high-parameter steam extraction and heat supply can form larger energy waste.
Because main power equipment of a power plant needs to continuously operate, only continuous and stable industrial steam supply heat load is suitable for a back pressure type small steam turbine heating system at present. The waste steam of the small steam turbine is used as a partial heat source for heating of residents, so that heat supply parameters can be effectively reduced, but the heating of the residents is obviously changed along with seasons and intermittent demands (summer) exist, so that the general back pressure type small steam turbine heating system is not applied to the heating of the residents. Now, a new system needs to be researched, which can meet the continuous dragging of power plant power equipment and the heating and heat supplying requirements of seasonal residents, so as to promote energy conservation, create greater social and environmental benefits and promote the continuous development of the cogeneration field.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Technical problem to be solved
The utility model aims at providing a multistage little steam turbine of back pressure type that extracts steam is in grades backheat and heating system, aim at solving the problem that current power plant power equipment's continuous dragging and seasonal resident's heating demand can't be satisfied simultaneously.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model discloses a multistage extraction back pressure type little steam turbine is in grades backheat and heating system includes:
the small steam turbine is used for dragging power equipment and is provided with a steam inlet, a steam exhaust outlet and a plurality of steam extraction outlets, and the steam inlet can be connected with a medium pressure cylinder of the main steam turbine;
the grading heat recovery system comprises a condensate pump, a preposed low-pressure heater and a plurality of low-pressure heaters which are sequentially communicated;
the heating system comprises a heat supply network circulating water pump, a heat supply network condenser, a plurality of steam extraction heaters and a heat supply network heater which are sequentially communicated;
the steam extraction outlet is connected with the front low-pressure heater or the heat supply network condenser, the steam extraction outlet is connected with the low-pressure heaters in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the low-pressure heaters can be connected with the low-pressure cylinder of the main steam turbine respectively.
Preferably, the exhaust outlet is provided with an exhaust main pipe, the tail end of the exhaust main pipe is branched to form a first exhaust branch pipe and a second exhaust branch pipe, the first exhaust branch pipe is connected with the preposed low-pressure heater, and the second exhaust branch pipe is connected with the heat supply network condenser; the main exhaust pipe is provided with an exhaust main valve, the first exhaust branch pipe is provided with a first exhaust branch valve, and the second exhaust branch pipe is provided with a second exhaust branch valve.
Preferably, the plurality of steam extraction outlets comprise a first steam extraction outlet and a second steam extraction outlet, and the first steam extraction outlet is provided with a first steam extraction main pipe and a first steam extraction branch pipe branching from the first steam extraction main pipe; the second steam extraction outlet is provided with a second steam extraction main pipe and a second steam extraction branch pipe which branches from the second steam extraction main pipe; the plurality of low pressure heaters includes a first low pressure heater and a second low pressure heater; the plurality of extraction heaters include a first extraction heater and a second extraction heater.
The first steam extraction outlet is connected with the first low-pressure heater through a first steam extraction main pipe, and a first steam extraction main valve is arranged on the first steam extraction main pipe;
the first steam extraction outlet is connected with the first steam extraction heater through a first steam extraction branch pipe, and a first steam extraction branch valve is arranged on the first steam extraction branch pipe;
the second steam extraction outlet is connected with the second low-pressure heater through a second steam extraction main pipe, and a second steam extraction main valve is arranged on the second steam extraction main pipe;
the second steam extraction outlet is connected with the second steam extraction heater through a second steam extraction branch pipe, and a second steam extraction branch valve is arranged on the second steam extraction branch pipe.
Preferably, the first main steam extraction valve, the first branch steam extraction valve, the second main steam extraction valve and the second branch steam extraction valve are all solenoid valves.
Preferably, the staged regenerative system further comprises a third low pressure heater in communication with the second low pressure heater.
Preferably, the low-pressure heater can be connected with a low-pressure cylinder of the main turbine through a low-pressure heat inlet pipe, a low-pressure heat inlet valve is arranged on the low-pressure heat inlet pipe, and the low-pressure heat inlet valve is an electromagnetic valve.
Preferably, the back pressure and exhaust pressure value of the exhaust outlet is 10-80 kPa.
Preferably, the power equipment is a fan, a water pump or a generator.
Preferably, the intermediate pressure cylinder and the low pressure cylinder of the main turbine are communicated through a first steam pipeline, and the intermediate pressure cylinder and the steam inlet of the main turbine are communicated through a second steam pipeline; and a first steam valve is arranged on the first steam pipeline, and a second steam valve is arranged on the second steam pipeline.
Preferably, the first steam valve and the second steam valve are both solenoid valves.
(III) advantageous effects
The utility model has the advantages that: the multistage extraction back pressure type small steam turbine is provided with a steam exhaust outlet and a plurality of steam extraction outlets, the steam exhaust outlet is connected with a front low-pressure heater in summer and connected with a heat supply network condenser in winter, the purpose of externally heating in winter and preheating condensed water of a main steam turbine in summer can be simultaneously realized, and an effective way is provided for adapting to resident heating heat load of a back pressure type small steam turbine heating system. The structure of a plurality of steam extraction outlets can effectively adjust the steam discharge of the small steam turbine while ensuring that the power equipment is dragged, so that on one hand, the heating heat load of residents in winter can be properly adjusted, on the other hand, the steam discharge parameters of the small steam turbine in summer can be controlled, and the steam discharge parameters of the small steam turbine entering the front low-pressure heater are lower than the tail-end steam extraction parameters, so that the proportion of converting steam heat energy into mechanical energy is increased.
When the heating system is switched to in winter, the heat supply network circulating water in the heating system firstly enters the heat supply network condenser and then enters the steam extraction heater and the heat supply network heater, so that the waste heat of the steam extraction and steam extraction of the small steam turbine is effectively recovered, the series heating of low-level energy and high-level energy is realized, the average parameter of heating steam is reduced, the exergy loss in the heating process is reduced, the gradient utilization of heat energy is more scientific and reasonable, and the aim of saving energy greatly is fulfilled; when the system is switched to a graded regenerative system for heating condensed water of a main steam turbine in summer, the condensed water of the main steam turbine firstly enters a preposed low-pressure heater and then enters a low-pressure heater of an original main steam turbine taking steam of a small steam turbine as a partial heat source, the waste heat of the exhausted steam of the small steam turbine is recovered, the regenerative steam parameter of a low-pressure cylinder of the main steam turbine is effectively reduced, the low-pressure regenerative steam quantity of the main steam turbine of a power plant is increased, the cold source loss of the whole steam turbine unit is effectively reduced, and the energy-saving target is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the multistage steam extraction back pressure type small steam turbine stage heat regeneration and heating system of the utility model.
[ description of reference ]
1: a heat supply network circulating water pump; 2: a heat supply network condenser; 3: a second exhaust steam distributing valve; 4: a first extraction heater; 5: a second extraction heater; 6: a condensate pump; 7: a pre-low pressure heater; 8: a first low pressure heater; 9: a second low pressure heater; 10: a third low pressure heater; 11: a first exhaust steam distributing valve; 12: a second main steam extraction valve; 13: a first main steam extraction valve; 14: a small steam turbine; 15: a power plant; 16: a second steam valve; 17: a main exhaust valve; 18: a low pressure heat inlet valve; 19: a first steam valve; 20: a first steam extraction branch valve; 21: a second steam extraction branch valve; 22: a heat supply network heater;
and (3) LP: a low pressure cylinder; IP: an intermediate pressure cylinder; HP: and a high pressure cylinder.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference will now be made in detail to the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as upper, lower, left, right, front and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the motion situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
In addition, descriptions in the present application as to "first", "second", and the like are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicit to the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected" and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., "fixed" may be fixedly connected or detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, the utility model provides a multistage extraction back pressure type small steam turbine grading backheating and heating system, which comprises a small steam turbine 14, a grading backheating system and a heating system, wherein the small steam turbine 14 is used for dragging a power device 15, the small steam turbine 14 is provided with a steam inlet, a steam exhaust outlet and a plurality of extraction outlets, and the steam inlet is connected with an intermediate pressure cylinder IP of a main steam turbine; the grading heat recovery system comprises a condensate pump 6, a preposed low-pressure heater 7 and a plurality of low-pressure heaters which are sequentially communicated; the heating system comprises a heat supply network circulating water pump 1, a heat supply network condenser 2, a plurality of steam extraction heaters and a heat supply network heater which are sequentially communicated; the controller is respectively and electrically connected with the small steam turbine 14, the condensate pump 6, the preposed low-pressure heater 7, the low-pressure heater, the heat supply network circulating water pump 1, the heat supply network condenser 2, the steam extraction heater and the heat supply network heater so as to conveniently control the working state of each device according to actual requirements; the steam exhaust outlet is connected with the preposed low-pressure heater 7 or the heat network condenser 2, the steam extraction outlet is correspondingly connected with the low-pressure heater or the steam extraction heater one by one, and the low-pressure heaters can be respectively connected with the low-pressure cylinder LP of the main steam turbine.
Wherein, the small turbine 14 can be a back pressure small turbine. The main steam turbine comprises a high-pressure cylinder HP, an intermediate-pressure cylinder IP and a low-pressure cylinder LP, wherein a steam exhaust outlet of the high-pressure cylinder HP is connected with a steam inlet of the intermediate-pressure cylinder IP, and a steam exhaust outlet of the intermediate-pressure cylinder IP is connected with a steam inlet of the low-pressure cylinder LP through a pipeline, so that the energy is fully utilized. Specifically, the intermediate pressure cylinder IP and the low pressure cylinder LP of the main turbine are communicated through a first steam pipeline, and the intermediate pressure cylinder IP and the steam inlet of the main turbine are communicated through a second steam pipeline; the first steam pipeline is provided with a first steam valve 19, and the second steam pipeline is provided with a second steam valve 16. In actual operation, the amount of steam entering the low pressure cylinder LP and the small steam turbine 14 can be adjusted according to the demand through the first steam valve 19 and the second steam valve 16.
The technical scheme of the utility model among, low pressure feed water heater utilizes the vapour of doing partial work in the steam turbine, takes out to the heater internal heating feedwater, improves the temperature of feedwater, has reduced the steam volume that the steam turbine discharged to the condenser, has reduced energy loss, has improved thermodynamic system's circulation efficiency. The heat supply network condenser is a heat exchanger for condensing the exhaust steam of the steam turbine into water, is also called a water re-heater, is mainly used in a steam turbine power device, condenses the exhaust steam of the steam turbine into water for a boiler to reuse, and can establish vacuum and maintain the vacuum at the exhaust steam part of the steam turbine.
The multistage extraction back pressure type small steam turbine 14 is provided with a steam exhaust outlet and a plurality of steam extraction outlets, the steam exhaust outlet is connected with the front low-pressure heater 7 in summer and connected with the heat supply network condenser 2 in winter, the purposes of externally heating in winter and preheating condensed water of the main steam turbine in summer can be simultaneously realized, and an effective way is provided for adapting a heating system of the back pressure type small steam turbine 14 to heating heat loads of residents. The structure of a plurality of steam extraction outlets can effectively adjust the steam discharge of the small steam turbine 14 while ensuring that the power equipment 15 is dragged, so that on one hand, the heating heat load of residents in winter can be properly adjusted, and on the other hand, the steam discharge parameters of the small steam turbine 14 in summer can be controlled, so that the steam discharge parameters of the small steam turbine 14 entering the front low-pressure heater 7 are lower than the tail-end steam extraction parameters of the low-pressure cylinder LP, and the proportion of converting steam heat energy into mechanical energy is increased.
When the heating system is switched to in winter, the heat supply network circulating water in the heating system firstly enters the heat supply network condenser 2 and then enters the steam extraction heater and the heat supply network heater, the waste heat of the exhaust steam of the small steam turbine 14 is effectively recovered, the series heating of the low-level energy and the high-level energy is realized, the average parameter of the heating steam is reduced, the exergy loss in the heating process is reduced, the gradient utilization of the heat energy is more scientific and reasonable, and the aim of saving energy greatly is fulfilled. When the system is switched to a grading regenerative system for heating condensed water of a main steam turbine in summer, the condensed water of the main steam turbine firstly enters the preposed low-pressure heater 7 and then enters the low-pressure heater of the original main steam turbine taking steam extracted by the small steam turbine 14 as part of heat source, the waste heat of the exhausted steam of the small steam turbine 14 is recovered, the LP regenerative steam parameter of the low-pressure cylinder of the main steam turbine is effectively reduced, the low-pressure regenerative steam quantity of the main steam turbine of a power plant is increased, the cold source loss of the whole steam turbine unit is effectively reduced, and the energy-saving aim is realized.
In a preferred embodiment, referring to fig. 1 again, the exhaust outlet is provided with an exhaust main pipe, the tail end of the exhaust main pipe is branched to form a first exhaust branch pipe and a second exhaust branch pipe, the first exhaust branch pipe is connected with the preposed low-pressure heater 7, and the second exhaust branch pipe is connected with the heat supply network condenser 2; the main exhaust pipe is provided with an exhaust main valve 17, the first exhaust branch pipe is provided with a first exhaust branch valve 11, and the second exhaust branch pipe is provided with a second exhaust branch valve 3. The opening and closing of the first steam exhaust branch valve 11 and the second steam exhaust branch valve 3 are switched, so that the steam exhaust object of the steam exhaust outlet can be adjusted according to actual requirements, and efficient utilization of energy is achieved. Wherein, the back pressure exhaust pressure value of the exhaust outlet can be 10-80 kPa.
Specifically, the second steam exhaust branch valve 3 is opened in winter, the steam exhaust outlet of the small steam turbine 14 is connected with the heat supply network condenser 2, and the heat supply network circulating water is pressurized by the heat supply network circulating water pump 1, then sequentially enters the heat supply network condenser 2, the first steam extraction heater 4, the second steam extraction heater 5 and the heat supply network heater 22 using other steam as heat sources, and finally is output to a user for heat supply. The cascade heating system enables the exhaust steam (dead steam) waste heat of the small steam turbine 14 to be completely recovered, effectively reduces the average parameter of heat supply extraction steam, and greatly improves the exergy efficiency of the heating system.
In summer, the first exhaust steam distributing valve 11 is opened, the exhaust steam outlet of the small steam turbine 14 is connected with the preposed low-pressure heater 7, and the preposed low-pressure heater 7 is arranged between the condensate pump 6 and the first low-pressure heater 8. The exhaust steam volume of the small steam turbine entering the front low-pressure heater 7 is flexibly adjusted by adjusting the opening degrees of the main exhaust steam valve 17 and the first exhaust steam branch valve 11, so that the exhaust steam pressure of the small steam turbine 14 is lower than the extraction steam pressure of the tail section of the main steam turbine, and the energy-saving purpose is realized. The condensed water of the main steam turbine is preheated by adopting the exhaust steam of the small steam turbine 14 before the first low-pressure heater 8, thereby effectively reducing the cold source loss of the whole steam turbine set and increasing the low-pressure regenerative steam quantity of the main steam turbine. The preposed low-pressure heater 7 can ensure that the summer operation back pressure of the small steam turbine 14 is lower than the tail-end steam extraction pressure of the main steam turbine of the power plant, thereby realizing that the steam exhaust enthalpy value of the small steam turbine 14 is lower than the enthalpy value of the tail-end steam extraction of the main steam turbine of the power plant, reducing the tail-end steam extraction amount with higher pressure in a low-pressure heat-extraction system, increasing the steam amount of the low-pressure cylinder LP for doing work, reducing the cold source loss of the whole steam turbine unit and realizing the purpose of energy conservation.
Wherein the plurality of steam extraction outlets may include a first steam extraction outlet and a second steam extraction outlet, and the plurality of low pressure heaters may include a first low pressure heater 8 and a second low pressure heater 9; the first steam extraction outlet is provided with a first steam extraction main pipe and a first steam extraction branch pipe which branches from the first steam extraction main pipe; the second steam extraction outlet is provided with a second steam extraction main pipe and a second steam extraction branch pipe which branches from the second steam extraction main pipe; the plurality of extraction heaters includes a first extraction heater 4 and a second extraction heater 5.
The first steam extraction outlet is connected with the first low-pressure heater 8 through a first steam extraction main pipe, a first steam extraction main valve 13 is arranged on the first steam extraction main pipe, the first steam extraction outlet is connected with the first steam extraction heater 4 through a first steam extraction branch pipe, and a first steam extraction branch valve 20 is arranged on the first steam extraction branch pipe. The second steam extraction outlet is connected with a second low-pressure heater 9 through a second steam extraction main pipe, a second steam extraction main valve 12 is arranged on the second steam extraction main pipe, the second steam extraction outlet is connected with a second steam extraction heater 5 through a second steam extraction branch pipe, and a second steam extraction branch valve 21 is arranged on the second steam extraction branch pipe. The extracted steam of the small steam turbine 14 is sent to the first extracted steam heater 4 and the second extracted steam heater 5 through the first extracted steam branch pipe and the second extracted steam branch pipe respectively, so that the heating effect in winter can be further improved, and the utilization efficiency of the extracted steam of the small steam turbine 14 can also be improved. The controller is connected (may be in circuit connection or signal connection) with the first main steam extraction valve 13, the first steam extraction branch valve 20, the second main steam extraction valve 12, and the second steam extraction branch valve 21, so that the steam amount in each pipeline can be flexibly adjusted according to actual conditions.
Furthermore, the first low-pressure heater 8 and the second low-pressure heater 9 are both connected to the extraction outlet of the small turbine 14 and to the low-pressure cylinder LP of the main turbine. That is, the heating steam of the first low-pressure heater 8 is composed of the last extraction steam of the small turbine 14 and the last extraction steam of the main turbine, and so on, the multistage extraction steam of the small turbine 14 is respectively used as a part of heat sources of the low-pressure heaters of the plurality of main turbines. The front low-pressure heater 7 is connected with the low-pressure heaters of the main steam turbines in a cascade mode to jointly form a grading heat regeneration system, so that the purposes of recovering waste heat of the small steam turbine 14 and reducing low-pressure cylinder LP (low-pressure) heat regeneration steam parameters of the main steam turbines are achieved, the low-pressure heat regeneration steam quantity of the main steam turbines of the power plant is increased, and the cold source loss of the whole steam turbine unit is effectively reduced. The steam amount in each low pressure heater can be adjusted by the cooperation of the first steam extraction main valve 13 and the second steam extraction main valve 12, so that the steam amount distribution is optimized, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved as much as possible. In other embodiments, the small steam turbine 14 may be provided with a third extraction outlet, or even a fourth extraction outlet, according to the requirements.
In addition, the staged regenerative system further includes a third low pressure heater 10 in communication with the second low pressure heater 9. The heating steam of the third low pressure heater 10 is supplied from the front steam extraction of the main turbine, so that the condensed water that has been subjected to multistage heating can be further heated and warmed up for reuse. Each low-pressure heater can be connected with the low-pressure cylinder LP of the main turbine through a low-pressure heat inlet pipe, and each low-pressure heat inlet pipe is provided with a low-pressure heat inlet valve 18 for adjusting the amount of steam entering the low-pressure heater from the low-pressure cylinder LP.
In the above embodiment, the power plant 15 may be a main auxiliary machine of a power plant such as a fan or a water pump, or an auxiliary power generator. The small steam turbine 14 converts high-grade heat energy of steam into power mechanical energy to power equipment 15, a steam exhaust outlet is connected with the heat supply network condenser 2 in winter, the preposed low-pressure heater 7 is connected in summer, and switching in different seasons is carried out through a switching valve.
It should be noted that in all the above embodiments, each valve may be a solenoid valve or an electric valve. Each valve is connected with the controller of the steam turbine set, so that the operation state of the steam turbine set can be conveniently controlled by an operator.
Additionally, the utility model discloses a hierarchical backheating and heating method are based on foretell multistage extraction back pressure type little steam turbine hierarchical backheating and heating system and are implemented, and the method includes: when the room temperature is lower than a first preset temperature, the steam exhaust outlet is connected with the heat supply network condenser 2, the first steam extraction outlet is connected with the first steam extraction heater 4 or the first low-pressure heater 8, the second steam extraction outlet is connected with the second steam extraction heater 5 or the second low-pressure heater 9, and the steam quantity of the steam extraction outlet is adjusted to adjust the steam flow entering the heat supply network condenser 2, the first steam extraction heater 4 or the second steam extraction heater 5 so as to heat the heat supply network circulating water in the heating system; when the room temperature is higher than a second preset temperature, the steam exhaust outlet is connected with the preposed low-pressure heater 7, the first steam extraction outlet is connected with the first low-pressure heater 8, the second steam extraction outlet is connected with the second low-pressure heater 9, and the steam quantity of the steam extraction outlet is adjusted to adjust the steam flow entering the preposed low-pressure heater 7, the first low-pressure heater 8 or the second low-pressure heater 9 so as to heat the condensed water in the grading regenerative system; the second predetermined temperature is higher than the first predetermined temperature. Wherein the first preset temperature can be 10-15 ℃, and the second preset temperature can be 15-20 ℃. The above method has the full effect of the above system, and is not repeated here.
The technical solution of the present invention will be further explained below based on the system structure shown in fig. 1 and in combination with a specific use case.
For a certain 600MW supercritical air cooling unit, if a multistage extraction back pressure type small turbine grading backheating and heating system is adopted, the small turbine 14 in the system is used for driving a fan, and the average steam inlet parameter (the main steam quantity is measured according to 75% THA steam inlet quantity) of the small turbine 14 is as follows: the pressure is about 0.753MPa, the temperature is about 377 ℃, the required steam is about 50.1t/h, the steam extraction entering the first low-pressure heater 8 is about 3t/h, the steam extraction entering the second low-pressure heater 9 is about 3t/h, the steam exhaust of the small steam turbine 14 is about 44.1t/h, the shaft power of the steam converted in the turbine is about 7861kW, the steam exhaust enthalpy of the small steam turbine 14 after work is done is 2619.6kJ/kg, the steam exhaust pressure of the small steam turbine 14 is 22kPa, the heat supply amount to the heat supply network per hour is about 104.0GJ, the cold source loss per hour of the unit (average back pressure in winter is 10kPa) is about 1942.4GJ, the power generation load of the unit is 465.809MW, and the power supply load of the unit is 449.800MW (the power consumption rate under the pure condensing condition is 5 percent). When the main steam quantity of the main steam turbine of the power plant is the same and the heat supply quantity of the unit is the same, compared with the technology of adopting the medium-pressure cylinder steam exhaust heat supply, after the small steam turbine with the multistage steam extraction back pressure type is adopted for the stage heat regeneration and heating system, the power supply load increased by the unit is about 6.769MW, the cold source loss reduced by the unit per hour is about 23.3GJ, and the plant power consumption rate in winter can be reduced by 1.65%.
In summer, the average steam inlet parameters (main steam flow measured as 75% THA admission) for the small turbine 14 are: the pressure is about 0.753MPa, the temperature is about 377 ℃, the required steam is about 58.3t/h, the steam extraction entering the first low-pressure heater 8 is about 5t/h, the steam extraction entering the second low-pressure heater 9 is about 5t/h, the steam exhaust of the small steam turbine 14 is about 48.3t/h, the shaft power converted by the steam in the turbine is about 7861kW, the power generation load of the unit is 456.293MW, and the power supply load of the unit is 440.284 MW; compared with a pure condensing working condition (15 kPa backpressure in summer), the power supply load of the unit is increased by 2.03MW, the cold source loss of the unit is reduced by 7.4GJ/h, and the plant power consumption rate of the unit can be reduced by about 1.59%.
After the multistage extraction back pressure type small steam turbine is adopted for the stage backheating and heating system, compared with a heating unit before modification, 8682 tons of standard coal can be saved in total every year, and the energy-saving benefit is obvious. The system solves the problem that the heat supply of a common back pressure type small steam turbine is not suitable for resident heating, not only provides dragging power for the power equipment 15, but also realizes heating in winter and regenerative heating in summer for condensing water of the main steam turbine, and carries out full-cycle utilization on the exhaust waste heat of the small steam turbine 14.
It should be understood that the above description of the embodiments of the present invention is only for illustrating the technical lines and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the present invention is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and to implement the present invention accordingly, but the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments. All changes and modifications that come within the scope of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a multistage extraction back pressure type little steam turbine is regenerative and heating system in grades which characterized in that, it includes:
the small steam turbine is used for dragging power equipment and is provided with a steam inlet, a steam exhaust outlet and a plurality of steam extraction outlets, and the steam inlet is connected with a medium pressure cylinder of the main steam turbine;
the grading heat recovery system comprises a condensate pump, a preposed low-pressure heater and a plurality of low-pressure heaters which are sequentially communicated;
the heating system comprises a heat supply network circulating water pump, a heat supply network condenser, a plurality of steam extraction heaters and a heat supply network heater which are sequentially communicated;
the steam extraction outlet is connected with the front low-pressure heater or the heat supply network condenser, the steam extraction outlet is connected with the low-pressure heaters in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the low-pressure heaters can be connected with the low-pressure cylinder of the main steam turbine respectively.
2. The staged heat recovery and heating system for a multi-stage extraction back pressure turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the exhaust steam outlet is provided with an exhaust main pipe, the tail end of the exhaust main pipe is branched into a first exhaust branch pipe and a second exhaust branch pipe, the first exhaust branch pipe is connected with the preposed low-pressure heater, and the second exhaust branch pipe is connected with the heat supply network condenser; the main exhaust pipe is provided with an exhaust main valve, the first exhaust branch pipe is provided with a first exhaust branch valve, and the second exhaust branch pipe is provided with a second exhaust branch valve.
3. The staged backheating and heating system for a multi-stage steam extraction back pressure type small steam turbine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the plurality of steam extraction outlets comprise a first steam extraction outlet and a second steam extraction outlet, and the first steam extraction outlet is provided with a first steam extraction main pipe and a first steam extraction branch pipe which branches from the first steam extraction main pipe; the second steam extraction outlet is provided with a second steam extraction main pipe and a second steam extraction branch pipe which branches from the second steam extraction main pipe; the plurality of low pressure heaters includes a first low pressure heater and a second low pressure heater; the plurality of extraction heaters comprise a first extraction heater and a second extraction heater;
the first steam extraction outlet is connected with the first low-pressure heater through a first steam extraction main pipe, and a first steam extraction main valve is arranged on the first steam extraction main pipe; the first steam extraction outlet is connected with the first steam extraction heater through a first steam extraction branch pipe, and a first steam extraction branch valve is arranged on the first steam extraction branch pipe;
the second steam extraction outlet is connected with the second low-pressure heater through a second steam extraction main pipe, and a second steam extraction main valve is arranged on the second steam extraction main pipe; the second steam extraction outlet is connected with the second steam extraction heater through a second steam extraction branch pipe, and a second steam extraction branch valve is arranged on the second steam extraction branch pipe.
4. The staged heat recovery and heating system for a multi-stage extraction back pressure turbine as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the first main steam extraction valve, the first steam extraction branch valve, the second main steam extraction valve and the second steam extraction branch valve are all electromagnetic valves.
5. The staged heat recovery and heating system for a multi-stage extraction back pressure turbine as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the staged regenerative system also includes a third low pressure heater in communication with the second low pressure heater.
6. The staged backheating and heating system for a multi-stage steam extraction back pressure type small steam turbine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the low-pressure heater can be connected with a low-pressure cylinder of the main turbine through a low-pressure heat inlet pipe, a low-pressure heat inlet valve is arranged on the low-pressure heat inlet pipe, and the low-pressure heat inlet valve is an electromagnetic valve.
7. The staged backheating and heating system for a multi-stage steam extraction back pressure type small steam turbine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: and the back pressure steam exhaust pressure value of the steam exhaust outlet is 10-80 kPa.
8. The staged backheating and heating system for a multi-stage steam extraction back pressure type small steam turbine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the power equipment is a fan, a water pump or a generator.
9. The staged backheating and heating system for a multi-stage steam extraction back pressure type small steam turbine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the intermediate pressure cylinder of the main steam turbine is communicated with the low pressure cylinder through a first steam pipeline, and the intermediate pressure cylinder of the main steam turbine is communicated with the steam inlet through a second steam pipeline; and a first steam valve is arranged on the first steam pipeline, and a second steam valve is arranged on the second steam pipeline.
10. The staged heat recovery and heating system for a multi-stage extraction back pressure turbine as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the first steam valve and the second steam valve are both solenoid valves.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114110736A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-03-01 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Non-contact heat exchange steam supply method for extracting steam at different steam temperatures |
| CN115929430A (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-04-07 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | Industrial heat supply steam turbine backheating system |
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2021
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114110736A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-03-01 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Non-contact heat exchange steam supply method for extracting steam at different steam temperatures |
| CN115929430A (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-04-07 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | Industrial heat supply steam turbine backheating system |
| CN115929430B (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2024-06-07 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | Heat regeneration system of industrial heat supply steam turbine |
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