CN106435384A - Vanadium-containing automobile structural steel and production method thereof - Google Patents
Vanadium-containing automobile structural steel and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106435384A CN106435384A CN201610857817.XA CN201610857817A CN106435384A CN 106435384 A CN106435384 A CN 106435384A CN 201610857817 A CN201610857817 A CN 201610857817A CN 106435384 A CN106435384 A CN 106435384A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/009—Pearlite
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses vanadium-containing automobile structural steel and a production method thereof. The chemical components of the vanadium-containing automobile structural steel comprises, by weight percentage, smaller than or equal to 0.12% of C, 0.05%-0.50% of Si, 0.80%-1.50% of Mn, smaller than or equal to 0.030% of P, smaller than or equal to 0.025% of S, 0.010%-0.10% of V, smaller than or equal to 0.10% of Nb, 0.015%-0.080% of Als and the balance Fe and inevitable impurity elements. The production method includes the work procedures of converter smelting, LF refining, plate blank continuous casting, plate blank heating, high pressure water scale removing, controlled rolling and controlled cooling. According to a hot-rolled roll plate produced through the method, a V reinforcing element is added, because the V is high in solid solubility in austenitized steel, in the hot rolling gamma to alpha transformation process, the V is separated out in a V(C,N) compound manner, a high-strength and good-toughness-and-plasticity vanadium-containing automobile structural steel plate is finally obtained under the comprehensive action of phase change enhancing and fine crystal enhancing, the tensile strength of the vanadium-containing automobile structural steel plate reaches 500-630 MPa, the yielding strength is larger than or equal to 420 MPa, the ductility is larger than or equal to 21%, and industrial production is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallurgical technology field is and in particular to a kind of automobile structural steel containing vanadium and its production method.
Background technology
China is niobium natural resources shortage country, and the niobium that Brazilian metallurgical and mining industry company limited controls the world 85% produces.China
Vanadium resource is very abundant, either resources reserve, or vanadium yield is respectively positioned on No. 1 in the world.Vehicle structure on the market at present
Steel is particularly applied to the steel grade of automobile rim, spoke, and intensity rank ratio is relatively low, how based on 330MPa, 380MPa level, chemistry
Composition design is mainly carbon, manganese strengthened or Nb strengthening so that the toughness plasticity of steel and weldability are poor.Reduce discharging with national energy-saving
And the requirement of automotive light weight technology, more and more tighter to the use requirement of automobile steel, intensity rank also steps up, and therefore develops one
Plant and both there is high intensity, have the steel with good toughness plasticity and weldability extremely urgent.
The present invention leverages fully on China's vanadium resource advantage, develops the automobile structural steel containing vanadium showing unique characteristics.V is make use of to exist
Solid solubility in austenite is higher, but the solid solubility in ferrite is relatively low, in hot rolling γ → α transition process, with V
(C, N)Compound form separates out, and under the comprehensive function of phase transformation strengthening and refined crystalline strengthening, has finally given high intensity, well tough
The property steel plate of vehicle structure containing vanadium, its tensile strength reaches 500~630MPa, yield strength >=420MPa, elongation percentage >=21%, is mesh
A kind of higher vehicle structure steel plate of front intensity rank on the market, has complied with the demand of China Automobile Industry.
Content of the invention
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of automobile structural steel containing vanadium and its production method, the method profit
Higher with solid solubility in austenite for the V, but the solid solubility in ferrite is relatively low, in γ → α transition process
Alternate precipitation and the precipitation strength in ferrite, therefore add appropriate in the steel not only needing higher-strength but also requiring toughness
V can play good effect.
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of steel plate of vehicle structure containing vanadium, described steel plate chemical composition and its weight hundred
Divide ratio as follows:C≤0.12%, Si:0.05~0.50%, Mn:0.80~1.50%, P≤0.030%, S≤0.025%, V:0.010~
0.10%, Nb≤0.10%, Als:0.015~0.080%, balance of Fe and inevitable impurity element.
Vehicle structure steel plate performance indications of the present invention are as follows:Tensile strength reaches 500~630MPa, and yield strength >=
420MPa, elongation percentage >=21%.
Vehicle structure steel plate of the present invention is organized as ferrite and adds pearlite, and its medium pearlite accounts for 6~12%.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide the production method of the above-mentioned steel plate of vehicle structure containing vanadium, described production method includes
Following operations:Converter smelting, LF refining, sheet billet continuous casting, heating of plate blank, high-pressure water descaling, controlled rolling, control cooling.
Converter smelting of the present invention obtains plate according to set component smelting molten steel, molten steel LF refining, sheet billet continuous casting operation
Base.
Heating of plate blank operation of the present invention is by heating of plate blank to 1180~1260 DEG C.
Controlled rolling operation of the present invention includes roughing, Coil Box is batched, finish rolling.
Roughing of the present invention is 5 road rollings, and outlet temperature is 1020~1080 DEG C.
Exit temperature at finishing of the present invention is 820~870 DEG C.
15~30 DEG C/S of laminar flow rate of cooling in control refrigerating work procedure of the present invention, described coiling temperature is 560~620
℃.
In present invention process, slab preferentially adopts hot charging.
The mentality of designing of chemical composition of the present invention:Automotive sheet (volume) is that in sheet metal, production ratio is larger, kind rule
Lattice are more, one of technology content and the higher product of added value, and the kind of autobody sheet and quality are metallurgy technical equipment and work
The important symbol of industry technical merit.Vehicle structure product made from steel in the market, main pass through to add microalloy element Nb, Ti or
The component system that Nb-Ti is combined, to reach the performance requirement of automobile structural steel, such as continues to continue to use existing market component system production
Automobile structural steel, larger to homogeneity product difficulty is promoted on market, and China's V resources advantage can not be played, therefore contain vanadium
The R&D work of automobile structural steel is imperative.
V:0.010~0.10%, the solid solubility in austenite is higher, but the solid solubility in ferrite is relatively low, is
A kind of preferable low temperature ferrite precipitation strength element.Therefore its Main Function is the alternate precipitation in γ → α transition process
With the precipitation strength in ferrite.Vanadium carbonitride separates out in austenite and will accelerate ferrite forming core, makes transition temperature liter
High;If strain induced precipitate carbonitride in austenite phase, it changes on γ → α, and impact is bigger, and reason is to separate out control
The interface behavior that γ → α changes.Although the effect of the crystal grain thinning of V is not so good as Nb, the work of its precipitation strength in controlled rolling steel
With being but more than Nb, therefore add appropriate V can play good effect in the steel not only needing higher-strength but also requiring toughness.
C:Less than 0.12%, it is most economical intensified element in mild steel, too high levels can reduce the plasticity of steel and impact tough
Property, deteriorate cold forming capability and welding performance, so current vehicle structure steel [C] content, on the premise of proof strength,
[C] content has and largely reduces.
Si:0.05~0.50%, the intensity of steel, fatigue limit, corrosion resisting property can be improved.
Mn:0.80~1.50%, play the role of more good in vehicle structure steel, manganese is good deoxidizer, can
Expand austenitic area, reduce the transition temperature to polygonal ferrite for the austenite, the solution strengthening effect using manganese improves steel
Intensity.
P:Less than 0.030%, the intensity of steel can be improved, reduce the plasticity of steel, unfavorable to welding performance, and increase what weldering was split
Sensitivity, is therefore a kind of harmful element in vehicle structure steel, should reduce content in steel for the P as far as possible.
S:Less than 0.025%, sulfur and manganese reaction generate sulphide inculsion and exist in steel, the rolling direction along steel plate is prolonged
Stretch, form serious banding, reduce plasticity, cold formability and the impact flexibility of steel, so reducing sulfur content and changing it in steel
In be mingled with form be obtain the vital approach of high tenacity.
V:0.010~0.10%, V except solution temperature relatively low and stop recrystallization effect weaker in addition to, and Nb have similar
Effect.V just has retardation function to recrystallization only below 900 DEG C, and after austenite changes, almost oneself is completely dissolved V, so
In solid solution, V is only used as a unit usually affects austenite to ferritic transformation.But compared with Nb, V make those without hope there is
Non-polygon ferrite produce less, this characteristic is highly beneficial for the larger steel plate of thickness.Because in V and steel
Nitrogen has stronger affinity, so V can fix " free " nitrogen in steel, in steel, V and C and " free " N combines to form V
(C, N) compound, greatly reduce " free " N content in steel, it is to avoid the strain-aging of steel.Vanadium is considerably more intense carbon
Nitride forming element.V is mainly contributed to strengthening by the precipitation of C, N compound in ferrite.V can produce precipitation strength and make
With so improve yield strength.In V-alloyed steel, vanadium also plays a significant role so that the form of carbonitride exists.Vanadium carbide,
Vanadium nitride and vanadium carbide nitride are all the second highly stable phases, and long-time heat preservation still can keep tiny chi at very high temperatures
Very little.
Nb:Less than 0.10%.Improve the intensity of steel by refined crystalline strengthening and precipitation strength, Nb can improve tying again of austenite
Brilliant temperature, realizes the rolling of austenite non-recrystallization zone, at a higher temperature thus rolled piece can be made complete at a higher temperature
Become rolling deformation, obtain tiny phase-change organization simultaneously.This outer portion Nb separates out in ferrite area, reinforced ferrite matrix.
The mentality of designing of present invention process parameter:
Rolling mill practice:Using Controlled Rolling And Controlled Cooling, the middle upper limit in the range of 1180~1260 DEG C for the heating and temperature control, finish rolling goes out
Mouth temperature upper limit in 820~870 DEG C, it is ensured that single phase austenite area phase transformation rolling, layer cold employing leading portion concentration cooling technique, is incited somebody to action
Deformation and heat treatment combine, and obtain desired tissue and crystal grain thinning, improve material mechanical performance and cold bending performance.
During rolling steel billet start rolling temperature press 1180~1260 DEG C of scope controls, at this temperature so that the dissolubility of V more
Greatly, it is to avoid the precipitation of vanadium carbonitride, then separate out in rolling and batching in generation γ → α transition process, play crystal grain thin
Change and the effects such as precipitation strength.
In conjunction with chemical composition designed by the steel plate of vehicle structure containing vanadium, the selection of rolling temperature is to precipitation strength and refined crystalline strengthening
For have shifting impact, if it is also noted that rolling temperature high to making material be in recrystallize state or not when rolling
Perfect recrystallization state, may result in the inadequate even mixed crystal of crystal grain refinement and affects forming property, to sum up consider, finish rolling outlet temperature
Degree presses 820~870 DEG C of scope controls, and coiling temperature presses 560~620 DEG C of scope controls.
Present invention mechanism of action in controlled rolling and controlled cooling according to V element:
One is precipitation strength, and compared with other micro alloying elements, the dissolubility of V is very big, and in given uniform temperature, V's is molten
Xie Du is bigger, it is to avoid the precipitation of vanadium carbonitride in course of hot rolling, and substantial amounts of V is retained, and promotes in γ → α conversion
V(C, N)Precipitation;Two to be V strong with the affinity of N, and N is converted a kind of effective alloy from impurity by V;Three is refined crystalline strengthening, and N promotees
Enter V(C, N)Precipitation, prevent growing up of ferrite crystal grain.
It is characteristic of the invention that on the basis of conventional intensified element carbon, manganese, using V microalloying and its and V, N is combined
Microalloy element, realizes cooperating between element, and its intensity mainly passes through the microalloy carbon of small and dispersed, nitrogen in micro alloyed steel
The precipitation strength of compound, to realize, is aided with refined crystalline strengthening and phase transformation strengthening simultaneously.
Have the beneficial effects that using produced by technique scheme:Take full advantage of solid solution in austenitizing steel for the V
Degree is higher, but the solid solubility in ferrite is relatively low, the alternate precipitation in γ → α transition process and in ferrite
Precipitation strength, and its V and N microalloying precipitation strength effect, thus obtained the vehicle structure containing vanadium of high intensity, excellent toughness
Steel plate, its tensile strength reaches 500~630MPa, yield strength >=420MPa, elongation percentage >=21%, and realizes industrialized production.
Brief description
Fig. 1 by the embodiment of the present invention 1 production wide flat steel 100 times of micrograies of metallographic structure;
Fig. 2 by the embodiment of the present invention 2 production wide flat steel 100 times of micrograies of metallographic structure;
Fig. 3 by the embodiment of the present invention 3 production wide flat steel 100 times of micrograies of metallographic structure;
Fig. 4 by the embodiment of the present invention 4 production wide flat steel 100 times of micrograies of metallographic structure;
Fig. 5 by the embodiment of the present invention 5 production wide flat steel 100 times of micrograies of metallographic structure.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Embodiment 1
Thickness 2mm, width 1250mm, the steel plate of vehicle structure containing vanadium, described hot-rolled coil chemical constituent and percentage by weight are:C:
0.07%, Si:0.10%, Mn:1.20%, P:0.010%, S:0.002%, V:0.040%, Nb:0.020%, Als:0.020%, surplus
For Fe and inevitable impurity element.The steel plate of vehicle structure containing vanadium is organized as ferrite and adds pearlite, and pearlite accounts for 9%.
Production method:1)According to above-mentioned set component smelting molten steel, molten steel LF refining, sheet billet continuous casting operation obtain slab;
2)By heating of plate blank to 1180 DEG C, batch through high-pressure water descaling, roughing, Coil Box, finish rolling, control cooling to obtain hot-rolled coil.
Wherein roughing 5 road rolling, outlet temperature is 1020 DEG C;Exit temperature at finishing is 820 DEG C, section cooling speed 25
DEG C/min, coiling temperature be 560 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
Thickness 2.5mm, width 1250mm, the steel plate of vehicle structure containing vanadium, described hot-rolled coil chemical constituent and percentage by weight are:
C:0.08%, Si:0.12%, Mn:1.25%, P:0.012%, S:0.0025%, V:0.045%, Nb:0.022%, Als:0.025%, remaining
Measure as Fe and inevitable impurity element.The steel plate of vehicle structure containing vanadium is organized as ferrite and adds pearlite, and pearlite accounts for 10%.
Production method:1)According to above-mentioned set component smelting molten steel, molten steel LF refining, sheet billet continuous casting operation obtain slab;
2)By heating of plate blank to 1200 DEG C, batch through high-pressure water descaling, roughing, Coil Box, finish rolling, controlled rolling cooling obtain hot-rolled coil.
Wherein roughing 5 road rolling, outlet temperature is 1040 DEG C;Exit temperature at finishing is 840 DEG C, section cooling speed 23
DEG C/min, coiling temperature be 570 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
Thickness 3mm, width 1250mm, the steel plate of vehicle structure containing vanadium, described hot-rolled coil chemical constituent and percentage by weight are:C:
0.085%, Si:0.15%, Mn:1.27%, P:0.014%, S:0.010%, Nb:0.025%, V:0.050%, Als:0.030%, surplus
For Fe and inevitable impurity element.The steel plate of vehicle structure containing vanadium is organized as ferrite and adds pearlite, and pearlite accounts for 11%.
Production method:1)According to above-mentioned set component smelting molten steel, molten steel LF refining, sheet billet continuous casting operation obtain slab;
2)By heating of plate blank to 1240 DEG C, batch through high-pressure water descaling, roughing, Coil Box, finish rolling, controlled rolling cooling obtain hot-rolled coil.
Wherein roughing 5 road rolling, outlet temperature is 1060 DEG C;Exit temperature at finishing is 850 DEG C, section cooling speed 24
DEG C/min, coiling temperature be 590 DEG C.
Embodiment 4
Thickness 3.5mm, width 1250mm, the steel plate of vehicle structure containing vanadium, described hot-rolled coil chemical constituent and percentage by weight are:
C:0.010%, Si:0.30%, Mn:1.32%, P:0.015%, S:0.003%, Nb:0.025%, V:0.050%, Als:0.030%, remaining
Measure as Fe and inevitable impurity element.The steel plate of vehicle structure containing vanadium is organized as ferrite and adds pearlite, and pearlite accounts for 12%.
Production method:1)According to above-mentioned set component smelting molten steel, molten steel LF refining, sheet billet continuous casting operation obtain slab;
2)By heating of plate blank to 1250 DEG C, batch through high-pressure water descaling, roughing, Coil Box, finish rolling, controlled rolling cooling obtain hot-rolled coil.
Wherein roughing 5 road rolling, outlet temperature is 1070 DEG C;Exit temperature at finishing is 860 DEG C, section cooling speed 26
DEG C/min, coiling temperature be 600 DEG C.
Embodiment 5
Thickness 4mm, width 1250mm, the steel plate of vehicle structure containing vanadium, described hot-rolled coil chemical constituent and percentage by weight are:C:
0.12%, Si:0.50%, Mn:1.5%, P:0.030%, S:0.025%, Nb:0.10%, V:0.10%, Als:0.080%, balance of Fe
And inevitable impurity element.The steel plate of vehicle structure containing vanadium is organized as ferrite and adds pearlite, and pearlite accounts for 12%.
Production method:1)According to above-mentioned set component smelting molten steel, molten steel LF refining, sheet billet continuous casting operation obtain slab;
2)By heating of plate blank to 1260 DEG C, batch through high-pressure water descaling, roughing, Coil Box, finish rolling, controlled rolling cooling obtain hot-rolled coil.
Wherein roughing 5 road rolling, outlet temperature is 1080 DEG C;Exit temperature at finishing is 870 DEG C, section cooling speed 30
DEG C/min, coiling temperature be 620 DEG C.
Mechanics properties testing is carried out to the product in above-described embodiment 1-5, by data as can be seen that product has well
Mechanical strength and plasticity coupling, specific targets are as shown in table 1.
Table 1 embodiment 1-6 properties of product detection data
Embodiment | Specification (mm) | Yield strength Rt0.5(MPa) | Tensile strength Rm(MPa) | Elongation percentage (%) | 180 ° of cold bending test, laterally |
1 | 2.0*1250 | 485 | 545 | 30 | D=0 is intact |
2 | 2.5*1250 | 513 | 562 | 29 | D=0 is intact |
3 | 3.0*1250 | 523 | 570 | 27 | D=0 is intact |
4 | 3.5*1250 | 527 | 575 | 25 | D=0 is intact |
5 | 4.0*1250 | 530 | 580 | 24 | D=0 is intact |
Above example only in order to illustrative and not limiting technical scheme, although entering to the present invention with reference to above-described embodiment
Go detailed description, it will be understood by those within the art that:Still the present invention can be modified or be equal to replace
Change, any modification or partial replacement without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the right that it all should be covered in the present invention will
Ask in the middle of scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of steel plate of vehicle structure containing vanadium is it is characterised in that described steel plate chemical composition and its percentage by weight are as follows:C≤
0.12%, Si:0.05~0.50%, Mn:0.80~1.50%, P≤0.030%, S≤0.025%, V:0.010~0.10%, Nb≤
0.10%, Als:0.015~0.080%, balance of Fe and inevitable impurity element.
2. one kind steel plate of vehicle structure containing vanadium according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described vehicle structure steel plate performance
Index is as follows:Tensile strength reaches 500~630MPa, yield strength >=420MPa, elongation percentage >=21%.
3. one kind steel plate of vehicle structure containing vanadium according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described vehicle structure steel plate is organized
For ferrite plus pearlite, its medium pearlite accounts for 6~12%.
4. the production method based on a kind of steel plate of vehicle structure containing vanadium described in claim 1-3 any one it is characterised in that
Described production method includes following operations:Converter smelting, LF refining, sheet billet continuous casting, heating of plate blank, high-pressure water descaling, control is rolled
System, controls cooling.
5. production method according to claim 4 is it is characterised in that described converter smelting is according to set component smelting steel
Water, molten steel LF refining, sheet billet continuous casting operation obtain slab.
6. production method according to claim 4 is it is characterised in that described heating of plate blank operation is by heating of plate blank to 1180
~1260 DEG C.
7. the production method according to claim 4-6 any one is it is characterised in that described controlled rolling operation includes slightly
Roll, Coil Box is batched, finish rolling.
8. it is characterised in that described roughing is 5 road rollings, outlet temperature is 1020 to production method according to claim 7
~1080 DEG C.
9. production method according to claim 7 is it is characterised in that described exit temperature at finishing is 820~870 DEG C.
10. the production method according to claim 4-6 any one is it is characterised in that described control refrigerating work procedure middle level
Stream 15~30 DEG C/S of rate of cooling, described coiling temperature is 560~620 DEG C.
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