CN106431486A - 一种无机保温装饰材料 - Google Patents

一种无机保温装饰材料 Download PDF

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CN106431486A
CN106431486A CN201610860100.0A CN201610860100A CN106431486A CN 106431486 A CN106431486 A CN 106431486A CN 201610860100 A CN201610860100 A CN 201610860100A CN 106431486 A CN106431486 A CN 106431486A
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decorative material
insulating decorative
inorganic heat
finished product
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陈利兴
邹铁军
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HUBEI JADE NEW MATERIAL CO Ltd
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Abstract

一种无机保温装饰材料，由以下步骤制备而成：（1）以陶瓷碎片、废玻璃、河道淤泥，集合烘干；（2）粉碎，加入发泡剂细磨匀化；（3）加入水搅拌匀化；（4）送入模具内铺平压紧；（5）在坯体表面铺垫陶瓷粉体，压实，烘干；（6）在坯体表层上抛撒彩色饰面颗粒或喷淋高温釉料，烘干；（7）在坯体上印花；（8）将窑炉余热引至干燥器，将上述半成品烘干；（9）送入窑炉，在1000‑1300度高温发泡、烧结成型，然后冷却至650‑550度，保温0.5‑1.5小时，再自然冷却；（10）切割磨边，检验、包装入库。本发明获得的无机保温装饰材料各种性能更加优异、稳定，不会变形、开裂、剥离、脱落，且可大幅降低制造成本。

Description

一种无机保温装饰材料
技术领域
本发明涉及一种无机保温装饰材料。
背景技术
随着国家建筑节能政策的强力推行，建筑保温已成为非做不可的项目，但在多年的实践中，由于现在市场广泛使用的保温材料如岩棉、聚氨酯、挤塑板、发泡水泥等普遍存在吸水率高、强度低、使用寿命短、易粉化、萎缩变形、开裂脱落，甚至燃烧引起火灾等问题。
传统的建筑保温系先往墙上做一层保温层，再在保温层上做装饰层，两次施工使得工程造价大幅增加。
针对保温装饰二次施工的问题，也有人尝试了在工厂将保温材料进行复合后，制成保温装饰一体化板，再用龙骨架将一体板固定于墙面上。此法虽解决了二次施工的问题，但仍然存在下列问题无法解决：
1）这些板所使用的保温材料未变，其本身存在的缺陷没有改变；
2）在工厂复合时，使用的粘结材料均为有机材料，易老化、在室外条件急冷急热、风雨冲击下使用寿命更短，易造成装饰保温层分离，装饰层脱落，此类产品进入市场不到几年，现已有大量保温装饰层大面积开裂脱落的工程案例。
综上所述，市场急需解决建筑保温存在问题的新的材料和方式。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是：提供一种各种性能更加优异、稳定，不会变形、开裂、剥离、脱落，且可大幅降低制造成本的无机保温装饰材料。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：一种无机保温装饰材料，由以下步骤制备而成：
（1）以陶瓷碎片30-60wt%、废玻璃20-40wt%、河道淤泥5-15wt%，集合烘干至含水率1wt%以下；所述陶瓷碎片、废玻璃、河道淤泥的质量百分比之和为100%；
（2）将经步骤（1）处理所得的集合料粉碎，然后加入相当于集合料3-5wt%的发泡剂细磨匀化，获得细度小于200目的粉体；
（3）将步骤（2）所得粉体送入高速混料机内，加入相当于粉体4-6wt%的水搅拌匀化后，送入料仓储存备用；
（4）将步骤（3）所得的物料按设计的产品密度定量送入模具内铺平压紧，获得有一定强度的坯体；
（5）在步骤（4）所得的坯体表面铺垫1-5mm厚的陶瓷粉体，作为坯体的装饰面层，再一次压实，烘干至含水率1wt%以下；
（6）在步骤（5）所得的坯体表层上抛撒彩色饰面颗粒或喷淋高温釉料，烘干至含水率1wt%以下；
（7）按设计的各种花色图案，在步骤（6）所得坯体上印花，得到符合设计要求的半成品；
（8）将窑炉余热引至干燥器，将上述半成品烘干至含水率1wt％以下；
（9）将上述烘干后的半成品送入窑炉，在1000-1300度高温发泡、烧结成型，然后冷却至650-550度，保温0.5-1.5小时，再自然冷却；
（10）将冷却后的材料从窑内取出，按设计规格切割磨边，检验、包装入库。
进一步，步骤（2）中，将经步骤（1）处理所得的集合料粉碎至100目以下。
进一步，步骤（2）中，所述发泡剂为碳黑、三氧化二锑或二氧化锰中的一种或几种。
进一步，步骤（5）中，所述陶瓷粉体的制备方法：以钾长石30-50%、石英10-25%、方解石5-15%、高岭土3-10%、氧化锌1-2%、熔块6-10%、白云石1-5%、高温色料2-10%集合，送入干磨机磨15-20小时，获得325目以下的陶瓷粉体；所述“%”为质量百分数，各物料的质量百分数之和为100%。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点：
（1）采用高温发泡技术，将陶瓷碎片、废玻璃、河道淤泥按比例集合，制备成粉料，加发泡剂后用高温发泡烧结，获得一种密度小、强度高、吸水率极低、不变形、不老化、不怕酸碱腐蚀、不燃烧的性能优异的，真正与建筑物同寿命的无机保温材料，以克服现有保温材料的主要缺点；
（2）以钾长石30-50%、石英10-25%、方解石5-15%、高岭土3-10%、氧化锌1-2%、熔块6-10%、白云石1-5%、高温色料2-10%集合，送入干磨机磨15-20小时，获得325目以下的陶瓷粉体，均匀布置在保温层坯体上，压实，因其品质和性能与保温层相近，结合在一起整体性能更稳定；
（3）保温装饰一次烧成，形成牢不可破的整体：
1）高温烧结制品是世界至今最稳定而耐久的材料；
2）保温层与装饰层在高温烧制过程中，保温层、装饰层材料在1200度高温下均呈液体状态，此过程中相连的上下层互相渗透，各层交错在一起，冷却后形成一个牢不可破的整体，不会变形、开裂、剥离、脱落；
3）烧制前在坯体表面着色或印出仿大理石、仿花岗岩、仿木纹等各种花色、图案饰面，其逼真性足可以假乱真，然后经高温烧制成瓷，永不褪色；
4）一次烧成较之在工厂二次复合，简单，可大幅降低成本。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1
一种无机保温装饰材料，由以下步骤制备而成：
（1）以陶瓷碎片60wt%、废玻璃30wt%、河道淤泥10wt%，集合烘干至含水率1wt%以下；
（2）用雷蒙磨将步骤（1）所得集合料粉碎至100目以下，加入相当于集合料4.4wt%的发泡剂（其中：碳黑0.9wt%，三氧化二锑2wt%，二氧化锰1.5wt%）细磨匀化，获得细度小于200目的粉体；
（3）将步骤（2）所得粉体送入高速混料机内，加入相当于粉体5wt%的水搅拌匀化后，送入料仓储存备用；
（4）将步骤（3）所得的物料按设计的产品密度定量送入模具内铺平压紧，获得有一定强度的坯体；
（5）在步骤（4）所得的坯体表面铺垫2mm厚的陶瓷粉体，作为装饰层，再一次压实，烘干至含水率1wt%以下，进一步增强坯体强度和平整度；
所述陶瓷粉体的制备方法：以钾长石34%、石英20%、方解石10%、高岭土8%、氧化锌2%、熔块8%、白云石3%、高温色料5%集合，送入干磨机磨16小时，获得325目以下的陶瓷粉体；所述“%”为质量百分数；
（6）在步骤（5）所得的坯体表层上抛撒彩色饰面颗粒或喷淋陶瓷釉料，烘干至含水率1wt%以下；
（7）按设计的各种花色图案，在步骤（6）所得坯体上印花，得到符合设计要求的半成品；
（8）将窑炉余热引至干燥器，将上述半成品烘干至含水率1wt％以下；
（9）将上述烘干后的半成品送入窑炉，在1200度高温发泡、烧结成型，然后冷却至600度，保温1小时，再自然冷却；
（10）将冷却后的材料从窖内取出，按设计规格切割磨边，检验、包装入库。
本实施例获得干密度小于280公斤/立方米，厚度25-100毫米，导热系数小于0.078W/m·k，抗压强度大于3MPa，吸水率小于0.5％，燃烧性能A1级，表面带有各种花色图案，既有优异的保温隔热性能，又具美覌大方的保温装饰材料。
实施例2
一种无机保温装饰材料，由以下步骤制备而成：
（1）以陶瓷碎片45wt%、废玻璃40wt%、河道淤泥15wt%，集合烘干至含水率1wt%以下；
（2）用雷蒙磨斗将步骤（1）所得集合料碎至100目以下，然后加入相当于集合料3wt%的发泡剂(其中：碳黑0.5wt%，三氧化二锑1.5wt%，二氧化锰1wt%)细磨匀化，获得细度小于200目的粉体；
（3）将步骤（2）所得粉体送入高速混料机内，加入相当于粉体6wt%的水搅拌匀化后，送入料仓储存备用；
（4）将步骤（3）所得的物料按设计的产品密度定量送入模具内铺平压紧，获得有一定强度的坯体；
（5）在步骤（4）所得的坯体表面铺垫5mm厚的陶瓷粉体，作为装饰层，再一次压实，烘干至含水率1wt%以下，进一步增强坯体强度和平整度；
所述陶瓷粉体的制备方法：以钾长石50%、石英15%、方解石7%、高岭土8%、氧化锌2%、熔块8%、白云石4%、高温色料6%集合，送入干磨机磨18小时，获得325目以下的陶瓷粉体；所述“%”为质量百分数；
（6）在步骤（5）所得的坯体表层上抛撒彩色饰面颗粒，烘干至含水率1wt%以下；
（7）按设计的各种花色图案，在步骤（6）所得坯体上印花，得到符合设计要求的半成品；
（8）将窑炉余热引至干燥器，将上述半成品烘干至含水率1wt％以下；
（9）将上述烘干后的半成品送入窑炉，在1200度高温发泡、烧结成型，然后冷却至600度，保温1小时，再自然冷却；
（10）将冷却后的材料从窑内取出，按设计规格切割磨边，检验、包装入库。
本实施例获得干密度小于450公斤/立方米，厚度60-200毫米，导热系数小于0.1W/m·k，抗压强度大于8MPa，吸水率小于0.3％，燃烧性能A1级，表面带有各种花色图案，既有优异的保温隔热性能，又具美覌大方的保温装饰材料和保温装饰墙体材料。

Claims (4)

1.一种无机保温装饰材料，其特征在于，由以下步骤制备而成：
（1）以陶瓷碎片30-60wt%、废玻璃20-40wt%、河道淤泥5-15wt%，集合烘干至含水率1wt%以下；所述陶瓷碎片、废玻璃、河道淤泥的质量百分比之和为100%；
（2）将经步骤（1）处理所得的集合料粉碎，然后加入相当于集合料3-5wt%的发泡剂细磨匀化，获得细度小于200目的粉体；
（3）将步骤（2）所得粉体送入高速混料机内，加入相当于粉体4-6wt%的水搅拌匀化后，送入料仓储存备用；
（4）将步骤（3）所得的物料按设计的产品密度定量送入模具内铺平压紧，获得有一定强度的坯体；
（5）在步骤（4）所得的坯体表面铺垫1-5mm厚的陶瓷粉体，作为坯体的装饰面层，再一次压实，烘干至含水率1wt%以下；
（6）在步骤（5）所得的坯体表层上抛撒彩色饰面颗粒或喷淋高温釉料，烘干至含水率1wt%以下；
（7）按设计的各种花色图案，在步骤（6）所得坯体上印花，得到符合设计要求的半成品；
（8）将窑炉余热引至干燥器，将上述半成品烘干至含水率1wt％以下；
（9）将上述烘干后的半成品送入窑炉，在1000-1300度高温发泡、烧结成型，然后冷却至650-550度，保温0.5-1.5小时，再自然冷却；
（10）将冷却后的材料从窑内取出，按设计规格切割磨边，检验、包装入库。
2.根据权利要求1所述的无机保温装饰材料，其特征在于，步骤（2）中，将经步骤（1）处理所得的集合料粉碎至100目以下。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的无机保温装饰材料，其特征在于，步骤（2）中，所述发泡剂为碳黑、三氧化二锑或二氧化锰中的一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的无机保温装饰材料，其特征在于，步骤（5）中，所述陶瓷粉体的制备方法：以钾长石30-50%、石英10-25%、方解石5-15%、高岭土3-10%、氧化锌1-2%、熔块6-10%、白云石1-5%、高温色料2-10%集合，送入干磨机磨15-20小时，获得325目以下的陶瓷粉体；所述“%”为质量百分数，各物料的质量百分数之和为100%。
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