CN106416993A - Novel seed-used summer squash breeding method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture seed breeding, and concretely relates to a novel seed-used summer squash breeding method. Twenty foreign and locally-planted summer squash varieties are collected and introduced, and are naturally isolated and selfed to meet moderate fertility stage, high disease resistance, short vines, high fruit setting rate, large grain, high quality and high yield. A line code QS9916 with stable properties, which is selected as a female parent, is hybridized with QS9901 used as a male parent, and the combination code is QS1601; and variety (line) identification test is carried out in the first year, variety comparison test is carried out in the second year, multi-point test is carried out in the third year, and demonstrative plantation is carried out in the fourth year. The novel seed-used summer squash variety is selected through years of hybridization improvement by determining the breeding purpose through combining local production conditions, so the yield increasing effect is substantial, and the environment adaptability is high.

Description

A kind of new seed Cucurbita pepo L. selection

Technical field：

The present invention relates to agricultural breeding technical field is and in particular to a kind of new seed Cucurbita pepo L. selection-breeding side Method.

Background technology：

Seed Cucurbita pepo L. is the specialty economies crop of Monitor in Minqin County, with main crops production adjustment, Cultivated area increases year by year, and sown area reaches 2330hm within 2010², gradually substituted for black melon seed and produce. Because local Cucurbita pepo L. improved seeds are few, powdery mildew harm is serious, in addition arid, the impact of high temperature, produces Seed amount is low and unstable, and the drought-enduring disease resistance of selection-breeding is strong, pollination Setting percentage is high, the Cucurbita pepo L. new product of stable yield and high quality Kind be produce in the urgent need to.

Content of the invention：

It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of new seed Cucurbita pepo L. selection, it combines local life Product condition determines breeding objective, through crossbreeding and improvement for many years, has selected seed Cucurbita pepo L. new varieties, Obvious effect of increasing production, environmental suitability is higher.

In order to solve the problems of background technology, the present invention is to employ the following technical solutions：Its choosing Educate method：Collect Introduced From Abroad and 20 pumpkin varieties of local plantation, carry out natural isolation selfing, And according to moderate growth duration, disease resistance strong, short climing, percentage of fertile fruit is high, seed is big and the target of good quality and high output Carry out selfing to separate.Choose the stable strain code name QS9916 work female parent of character, QS9901 is carried out as male parent Hybridization, combination code name is QS1601；First Year carries out kind (being) qualification test, and Second Year carries out product Ratio test, carries out multispots trial on the 3rd year, the 4th year year demonstration plant.

Beneficial effects of the present invention：It combines local working condition and determines breeding objective, through for many years Crossbreeding and improvement, has selected seed Cucurbita pepo L. new varieties, obvious effect of increasing production, environmental suitability is higher.

Specific embodiment：

Embodiment：

1st, parental source and Breeding Process

1999-2002, collects Introduced From Abroad and 20 pumpkin varieties of local plantation, carries out natural Isolation selfing, and according to moderate growth duration, disease resistance strong, short climing, percentage of fertile fruit is high, seed is big and high-quality The target of high yield carries out selfing and separates.Maternal, QS9901 was made with stable strain QS9916 of character in 2004 Hybridized as male parent, combination code name is QS1601 (Snow White).2005-2006 carries out kind (being) Qualification test, 2006-2007 carries out variety comparative test, and 2007-2008 carries out multispots trial, 2009- Demonstration plant in 2010.

2nd, yield performance

2.1 tasting tests

2005 in the product qualification test that Wuxiang Xi Ci village of Minqin County Soviet Union is carried out, Snow White (QS1601) Equivalent grain yield 1999kg/hm², increase production 18.8% compared with check variety Shanxi X8, occupy 10 tested varieties The 1st of (being).3 points (secondary) carrying out in Minqin County Soviet Union Wuxiang, Changning township, dam township for 2006 In tasting test, Snow White's melon seed converts into average product 2070kg/hm², more local main breed Shanxi X8 volume increase 19.8%.

2.2 variety comparative test

2006-2007 the ground such as Minqin, Jinchang, Yao Jie farm carry out 10 points of (secondary) variety comparative tests In, Snow White converts into average grain yield 2175kg/hm², increase production 17.9% compared with check variety Shanxi X8, Occupy tested variety (being) the 1st.

2.3 multispots trial and production demonstration

In 15 points of (secondary) tests that Minqin, Jinchang well-irrigated area are carried out, Snow White converts into and produces within 2007 Seed amount 2040kg/hm², increase production 18.4% compared with check variety Shanxi X8.2008 through 5 points of (secondary) examinations Test, average grain yield is 2760kg/hm², increase production 21.3%, 2009-2010 compared with check variety Shanxi X8 Year carry out large area on Xinjiang, Inner Mongol and other places and produce demonstration, average grain yield is 2250kg/hm², comprehensive Performance seed is big, quality is excellent, and commodity rate is high.

3rd, feature

In Hexi prefecture spring sowing period of duration 110d, belong to medium variety.Seed is big, and Seedling gesture is prosperous, plant growing way Strong, plant shape is compact, short climing not branch, and dark green leaf has irregularly silver-colored speckle, and blade back vein has seta. The different flower of hermaphroditism, after the open 3～4d of the 1st female flower, male flower opens, and female flower corolla lobe is long and narrow, calyx tube Sliver is narrow and short.Sit melon ability stronger, individual plant sits 1～3, melon.Need 55～65 from blooming to seed maturity d.Aging melon is that Clausena lansium (Lour.) Skeels cylinder is circular, melon pulp meat thickness 2～3cm, and thin skin chamber is big, three ventricles.Single melon produces seed 400 about.Seed Long Circle, Pi Bairen is dark green, mass of 1000 kernel 246g.General grain yield 2400kg/hm², High-yield field is up to 3000kg/hm²More than.

4th, resistance

Through Wuwei plant test station for plant protection identification in 2008, Snow White showed high resistance to powdery mildew, puts down All sick leaf rate is 14.3%, and disease index is 2.8, and compared with check variety, sick leaf rate reduces 59.5%, Disease index reduces 78.7%.2009, in Minqin County Changning township pilot production Tanaka, powdery mildew disease Leaf rate 5.0%, reduces by 91.0% compared with check variety Shanxi X8 disease leaf rate.It is observed that Snow White field growing way And drought resistance is substantially better than check variety.

5th, quality

According to agricultural test center of Gansu Academy of Agricultural Science in 2008 inspection, Snow White's seed crude protein contains Amount 466.9g/kg, crude fat content 405.3g/kg, palmitic acid content 12.41%, stearic acid content 5.86%th, oleic acid content 44.03%, linoleic acid content 37.55%, linolenic acid content 0.16%.

6th, suitable planting area

Suitably in the similar area plantation of the ground such as Hexi Corridor In Gansu, Xinjiang, the Inner Mongol.

7th, Cultural technique

Select the deep high-quality loam of soil layer or sandy loam, avoid continuous cropping continuous cropping, front stubble with Semen Maydiss, Semen Tritici aestivi, Cotton Gossypii etc. is preferably.Apply high-quality well-rotted farmyard manure 45000kg/hm in conjunction with site preparation², Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 450 kg/hm², potassium sulfate 150kg/hm².The lowest temperature is required to be more than 10 DEG C during sowing, 10cm depth ground More than 5 DEG C of temperature, illumination condition is good, if meeting cloudy weather for several days running and frosty weather, should postpone date of seeding.Hexi Corridor ground Area's date of seeding, was advisable with day in April 20-30.Ridging film-covering planting, ridge face width 120cm, furrow width 50cm, Spacing in the rows 33cm, keep a full stand of seedings 3.75 ten thousand plants/hm².The time of infertility pours water 6～7 times, melon occupy stably previous as can not Pour water, combination after occupying stably is poured water and imposed carbamide 150kg/hm², NPK 300kg/hm².Young melon Expanding stage fills the 2nd water, imposes carbamide 150～225kg/hm in conjunction with pouring water², Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 225kg/hm²、 NPK 150kg/hm².The swollen melon phase will ensure that liquid manure nutritional sufficiency supplies.Awarded using human assistance Powder can improve fruit-setting rate, increases single melon grain yield.Such as there is powdery mildew after occupying stably in young melon, can be selected for 75% 1000～1500 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl wettable powder, or 75% Bravo wettable powder 500～800 The spraying preventing and treating of times liquid.Primary pest is aphid, originates the phase and contains the phase of sending out with 3% acetamiprid EC 225～300 Milliliter/hm²The 450kg that adds water spraying preventing and treating.After ripe melon harvesting, it is deposited in after-ripening at shady and cool drying 20～40d, can promote full seed.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of new seed with Cucurbita pepo L. selection it is characterised in that its selection：Collection is drawn Enter 20 pumpkin varieties of external and local plantation, carry out natural isolation selfing, and fit according to period of duration In, disease resistance strong, short climing, percentage of fertile fruit is high, seed is big and the target of good quality and high output carry out selfing separate. Choose the stable strain code name QS9916 work female parent of character, QS9901 is hybridized as male parent, combines code name For QS1601；First Year carries out kind (being) qualification test, and Second Year carries out variety comparative test, the 3rd year Carry out multispots trial, the 4th year year demonstration plant.