CN106416908A - Method for culturing strong Chinese prickly ash seedlings - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for culturing strong Chinese prickly ash seedlings and relates to the field of economic forest seedling culture. Autumn and winter seeding and low-density seedling culture are adopted mainly to adjust the Chinese prickly ash seeding and seedling culture process, the seedling growth and the seedling height are greatly increased, the thickness is high, root development system is promoted to make a root system strong, lateral buds are enriched and plump, the seedling lignification degree is high, the Chinese prickly ash first-grade seedling rate is 75% or above, the qualified seedling rate is 95% or above, and the Chinese prickly ash first-grade seedling rate and the qualified seedling rate of the method are over 1.5 times and twice those of a conventional seedling culture method respectively, the seedling planting survival rate is improved, the seedling rejuvenation period is shortened, planted young trees grow rapidly, flowering and fruiting periods are ahead of time, and the Chinese prickly ash yield is greatly increased.

Description

A kind of method of Pericarpium Zanthoxyli strong sprout nursery

Technical field

The present invention relates to economic forest nursery field, specifically a kind of method of Pericarpium Zanthoxyli strong sprout nursery.

Background technology

Pericarpium Zanthoxyli is the distinctive woody spice of China, flavoring agent, oil plant and vegetable seeds, extensively cultivates in warm temperate zone area.Raw In product, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli cultivation cultivates nursery stock using type of seeding, because sowing season and seedling density are unreasonable, leads to Pericarpium Zanthoxyli nursery stock thin Weak, planting survival rate is low, poor growth, yields positive results late, yields poorly down.

Content of the invention

For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of method of Pericarpium Zanthoxyli strong sprout nursery, by autumn and winter Sowing and low-density nursery, can increase substantially tree seedling germination period, extend the season of growth, improve the high footpath of nursery stock and give birth to constant, Promote root system development, yield positive results morning, yield is high.

For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows：

A kind of method of Pericarpium Zanthoxyli strong sprout nursery, is achieved by the steps of：

1）The collection of seed and storage：On collection healthy and strong high yield tree, fully ripe Pericarpium Zanthoxyli fruit, dries in the shade through indoor airing, takes out Seed, is placed in cold preservation in refrigerator or seed bank, or is placed in the indoor preservation that spacious ventilation is dried after pack；

2）Nursery prepares：Select the flat loamy soil of physical features, plough deeply through fertilising and be bed, bedside 1.0-1.5m after raking；

3）Sowing：Before winter freezes, according to line-spacing 30-40cm trench digging, depth 2-3cm, seed is in that single linear point is sowed at ditch Bottom, grain, away from 2-3cm, thickness of earth covering 1.5-2.0cm, treads rear diversion flood irrigation, subsequently uses wheat straw or corn stalk to cover seedbed, in case Only wind erosion and birds and beasts harm；

4）Seedling management：After April early and middle ten dayses germinate, remove seedbed covering in time, poured water on a small quantity according to soil moisture content in good time and draw Hoe, thinning during more than mid-May seedling height 5cm, final singling spacing in the rows 10-20cm, subsequently conventionally water in time, pine Soil, weeding, to stopping watering, fertilizing by the end of September.

The present invention mainly takes autumn and winter sowing and two kinds of means of low-density nursery that Pericarpium Zanthoxyli seeding and seedling raising process is adjusted, Select the autumn and winter to sow to before freeze, seed is under cold and oxygen deficient environment in soil, be capable of stopping of ahead relieving Pericarpium Zanthoxyli seed Dormancy acts on, so that spring germination period shifts to an earlier date, trophophase extends, and seedling stem and root volume increase, and arrange larger during sowing Line-spacing, Seedling Stage adjusts larger spacing in the rows by thinning, thus ensureing that individual plant nursery stock has the Vegetation space of abundance it is ensured that illumination, water Divide and the supply of nutrient condition is abundant, thus seedling growth amount, seedling height and rugosity are greatly improved greatly, promotion root system development Make well developed root system, lateral bud enriches full, and seedling stem degree of lignification is high, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli one-level Seedling rate more than 75%, qualified Seedling rate more than 95%, It is 1.5 times and more than 2 times of conventional seedbed system method respectively, improve the planting survival rate of nursery stock, shorten the seedling-slowing stage of nursery stock, Sapling up-growth after planting is rapid, is advanced by the cycle yielded positive results, the yield of Pericarpium Zanthoxyli is greatly improved.

Specific embodiment

Describe the present invention with reference to specific embodiment：

The method of this Pericarpium Zanthoxyli strong sprout nursery, is achieved by the steps of：

1）The collection of seed and storage：On collection healthy and strong high yield tree, fully ripe Pericarpium Zanthoxyli fruit, dries in the shade through indoor airing, takes out Seed, is placed in cold preservation in refrigerator or seed bank, or is placed in the indoor preservation that spacious ventilation is dried after pack；

2）Nursery prepares：Select the flat loamy soil of physical features, plough deeply through fertilising and be bed, bedside 1.0-1.5m after raking, furrow are carried on the back Wide 30-40cm, high 15-20cm；

3）Sowing：Before winter freezes, according to line-spacing 30-40cm trench digging, depth 2-3cm, seed is in that single linear point is sowed at ditch Bottom, grain, away from 2-3cm, thickness of earth covering 1.5-2.0cm, treads rear diversion flood irrigation, subsequently uses wheat straw or corn stalk to cover seedbed, in case Only wind erosion and birds and beasts harm；

4）Seedling management：After April early and middle ten dayses germinate, remove seedbed covering in time, poured water on a small quantity according to soil moisture content in good time and draw Hoe, thinning during more than mid-May seedling height 5cm, final singling spacing in the rows 10-20cm, subsequently conventionally water in time, pine Soil, weeding, to stopping watering, fertilizing by the end of September.

Embodiment：

Started from 2014 in Laiwu City Xue Ye area of Shandong Province Pericarpium Zanthoxyli main producing region, apply this programme to carry out the examination of Pericarpium Zanthoxyli seeding and seedling raising Test.

Trial zone overview：Trial zone is located in middle and southern in Shandong Province Hills And Low Mountains Laiwu City Xue Ye area, warm temperate zone semi-moist monsoon gas Wait, 13.3 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year, year 39.9 DEG C of Extreme Maximum Temperature, -19.3 DEG C of average annual accumulated temperature, the coldest January moon puts down All -1.9 DEG C of temperature, 26.3 DEG C of the hottest July moon temperature on average, 187.5 days average of the whole year frost-free periods, mean annual precipitation 695.3mm.Testing site is located at Shi Wanzi village, sandstone mountain bottom tailo terraced fields, sandy loam, soil layer 60cm, has water to pour condition.

1）Seed collection is in storage：In gathering fully ripe Z-bungeanum Maxim fruit at the beginning of August, take after drying in the shade through interior Kind, it is placed in cold preservation in refrigerator after pack, the autumn and winter sow not accelerating germination, and contrast spring sowing first 20 days through warm aqueous alkali（2%）Seed soaking 2 Sow after the accelerating germination of mixed sand after it；

2）Nursery prepares：After autumn crops harvest, per hectare applies decomposed manure 2000kg, ploughs deeply and makees level bed after raking, Bedside 1.0-1.5m；

3）Sowing：Before mid-November freezes, according to line-spacing 30-40cm trench digging, depth 2-3cm, seed is in single linear program request In bottom of trench, grain, away from 2-3cm, thickness of earth covering 1.5-2.0cm, is treaded rear diversion flood irrigation, is subsequently covered seedbed with corn stalk, to prevent Wind erosion and birds and beasts harm, and line-spacing 20cm when contrasting high density nursery, the sowing time in spring is at the beginning of 4 months；

4）Seedling management：April early and middle ten dayses remove seedbed covering after germinateing, and subsequently pour water and draw hoe, May in interval for 10 days on a small quantity Thinning singling during more than the middle ten days seedling height 5cm, low-density nursery spacing in the rows 10-20cm, contrast high density nursery spacing in the rows is that 5cm is left The right side, subsequently waters, loosens the soil, weeding 3 times, and mid-June and each per hectare mid-August apply carbamide 300kg, apply mid-September Per hectare compound fertilizer 300kg, to later no longer watering, fertilizing by the end of September.Technology application effect（See table）.

Note：One-level Seedling specification is more than ground diameter 0.6cm, and ratio of height to diameter is below 2.0；The every kind of method for culturing seedlings of sampling survey extracts flat All 10 plants of strains；Seedling ground diameter is seedling stem rugosity at the above 5cm of earth's surface.

Shown by upper table, using autumn and winter season low-density nursery, one-level Seedling rate is up to 88.5%, and seedling stem is sturdy, and root system is sent out Reach, bud is full, degree of lignification is high, with contrast differences away from larger.

Certainly, described above is not limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited to the example above, and this technology is led Change, remodeling, interpolation or replacement that the technical staff in domain is made in the essential scope of the present invention, also should belong to the present invention's Protection domain.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of Pericarpium Zanthoxyli strong sprout method for culturing seedlings is it is characterised in that be achieved by the steps of：

1）The collection of seed and storage：On collection healthy and strong high yield tree, fully ripe Pericarpium Zanthoxyli fruit, dries in the shade through indoor airing, takes out Seed, is placed in cold preservation in refrigerator or seed bank, or is placed in the indoor preservation that spacious ventilation is dried after pack；

2）Nursery prepares：Select the flat loamy soil of physical features, plough deeply through fertilising and be bed, bedside 1.0-1.5m after raking；

3）Sowing：Before winter freezes, according to line-spacing 30-40cm trench digging, depth 2-3cm, seed is in that single linear point is sowed at ditch Bottom, grain, away from 2-3cm, thickness of earth covering 1.5-2.0cm, treads rear diversion flood irrigation, subsequently uses wheat straw or corn stalk to cover seedbed, in case Only wind erosion and birds and beasts harm；

4）Seedling management：After April early and middle ten dayses germinate, remove seedbed covering in time, poured water on a small quantity according to soil moisture content in good time and draw Hoe, thinning during more than mid-May seedling height 5cm, final singling spacing in the rows 10-20cm, subsequently conventionally water in time, pine Soil, weeding, to stopping watering, fertilizing by the end of September.