CN106404715A - Refractive index measurement method - Google Patents
Refractive index measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106404715A CN106404715A CN201610763121.0A CN201610763121A CN106404715A CN 106404715 A CN106404715 A CN 106404715A CN 201610763121 A CN201610763121 A CN 201610763121A CN 106404715 A CN106404715 A CN 106404715A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/41—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
- G01N21/4133—Refractometers, e.g. differential
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/41—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
- G01N21/4133—Refractometers, e.g. differential
- G01N2021/4153—Measuring the deflection of light in refractometers
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Abstract
The invention relates to a refractive index measurement method which comprises the steps: a light emission component and an aiming component of an optical angle gauge are arranged on the incident plane side and the emergent plane side of an object to be measured respectively, the optical axis of the light emission component and the optical axis of the aiming component are arranged on the same straight line, and the included angle between the incident plane and the emergent plane is alpha; the aiming component is rotated at by the alpha degree in the included angle direction, and the object to be measured is adjusted to enable the optical axis of the aiming component to be perpendicular to the emergent plane; the incident light emitted by the light emission component irradiates to the incident plane; the aiming component is rotated to be aligned at to the emergent light, and the included angle beta between the incident light and the emergent light is obtained; the refractive index n of the object to be measured can be obtained according to the included angle alpha between the incident plane and the emergent plane and the included angle beta between the incident light and the emergent light. By means of the aiming component of the optical angle gauge, the incident light can perpendicularly irradiate into the incident plane of the object to be measured at an accurate angle; then the included angle between the incident light and the emergent light can be obtained by rotating the aiming component; thus, the accuracy of the finally-obtained refractive index of the object to be measured can be higher.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical material field of precision measurement, more particularly, to a kind of method of measurement refractive index.
Background technology
The refractive index parameter of optical material is by the basis of optical design, only accurate perception optical material refractive index
Infallible data, could complete high-quality design work as requested.And, for optical material research maker, really
The refractive index performance indications of fixed studied optical material are important substances, are by the technical foundation of material ratings,
It is also the reference frame of production definition, therefore, the accurate mensure to optical material refractive index is to use, develop the weight of optical material
Want premise.
In prior art, the method for the refractive index of measurement optical material is typically, and light is in certain face through optical material
When, angle of incidence and the angle of emergence are measured, and then obtains the refractive index of optical material according to angle of incidence and the angle of emergence, but logical
The angle measurement method error often being adopted is larger, so that the degree of accuracy of obtained refractive index is relatively low, and conventional method is only
Can measure for the optical material that can pass through visible ray.And in recent years, with the fast development of modern photoelectric technology, state
Anti- and civil area is in explosive growth to the demand of infrared optical material (such as glasses for infrared use).Substantial portion of red
Outer optical glass is opaque to visible light but, and refractive index is very high, and typically larger than 2 × 10-5It is impossible to continue to use traditional refractive index measurement method
To obtain its refractive index, and its infrared band refractive index is the key technical index characterizing product quality, is also by infrared
The requisite technical parameter of imaging system optical design, and enjoy infrared optical system design personnel to pay close attention to.Therefore find one
Kind easy, degree of accuracy is high, and the method for the measurement refractive index not limited by optical material seems and is even more important.
Content of the invention
Technical problem
In view of this, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, how to improve measurement refractivity precision.
Solution
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, according to one embodiment of the invention, there is provided a kind of method of measurement refractive index,
Methods described includes：The light emitting members of optical angle gauge and aiming elements are made to be respectively arranged at the plane of incidence side of measurand
With exit facet side, the optical axis of light emitting members and aiming elements on the same line, wherein, the described plane of incidence and described outgoing
The angle that face is constituted is α；By described aiming elements towards described angle direction rotation alpha degree, adjust described measurand, so that taking aim at
The optical axis of quasi- unit is perpendicular to described exit facet；Make the incident light beam strikes that light emitting members send to the described plane of incidence；Rotation is taken aim at
Quasi-component is to aim at emergent light, and obtains the angle β of described incident illumination and described emergent light；Folder according to the plane of incidence and exit facet
The angle β of angle α and incident illumination and emergent light, obtains refractive index n of described measurand.
In a kind of possible implementation, the angle α of the described plane of incidence and described exit facet meets following condition：α ＜
arcsin(n-1).
In a kind of possible implementation, angle α according to the plane of incidence and exit facet and incident illumination and emergent light
Angle β, obtains refractive index n of described measurand, including：Obtain refractive index n of described measurand according to below equation：
In a kind of possible implementation, methods described also includes：Measure described incidence using described optical angle gauge
Face and the angle α of described exit facet.
In a kind of possible implementation, described measurand is glasses for infrared use.
In a kind of possible implementation, described measurand is the specular sample block of the Rhizoma Sparganii of glasses for infrared use.
In a kind of possible implementation, described incident illumination is infrared light.
Beneficial effect
Incident illumination is enable to be incident to accurately angle vertical by using the aiming elements of optical angle gauge tested right
The plane of incidence of elephant, then aim at emergent light by rotating aiming elements, to obtain the angle of incident illumination and emergent light so that according to entering
Penetrate face and the angle of exit facet and the refractive index degree of accuracy of measurand that the angle of incident illumination and emergent light is obtained is higher.
Further, since being to make incident illumination vertical incidence to the plane of incidence using aiming elements, different types of measurand (example can be directed to
As can pass through visible ray common crystal, or almost infrared crystal of impermeable visible ray etc.) refractive index measure,
Make measurement range more extensive.
According to below with reference to the accompanying drawings, to detailed description of illustrative embodiments, the further feature of the present invention and aspect will become
Clear.
Brief description
Comprise in the description and constitute the accompanying drawing of a part of description and description together illustrates the present invention's
Exemplary embodiment, feature and aspect, and for explaining the principle of the present invention.
The flow chart that Fig. 1 illustrates the method for measurement refractive index according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 illustrates to measure the plane of incidence of measurand and the schematic diagram of the angle α of exit facet using autocollimation method.
Light after Fig. 3 illustrates aiming elements rotation alpha degree and measurand is adjusted propagates schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 shows the structural representation of an exemplary optical angle gauge.
Specific embodiment
Describe various exemplary embodiments, feature and the aspect of the present invention below with reference to accompanying drawing in detail.Identical in accompanying drawing
Reference represent the same or analogous element of function.Although the various aspects of embodiment shown in the drawings, remove
Non-specifically points out it is not necessary to accompanying drawing drawn to scale.
Special word " exemplary " means " as example, embodiment or illustrative " here.Here as " exemplary "
Illustrated any embodiment should not necessarily be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments.
In addition, in order to better illustrate the present invention, giving numerous details in specific embodiment below.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that not having some details, the present invention equally can be implemented.In some instances, for
Method well known to those skilled in the art, means, element and circuit are not described in detail, in order to highlight the purport of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The flow chart that Fig. 1 illustrates the method for measurement refractive index according to an embodiment of the invention.As shown in figure 1, the method
Main inclusion：
Step 101, makes the light emitting members of optical angle gauge and aiming elements be respectively arranged at the plane of incidence of measurand
Side and exit facet side, the optical axis of light emitting members and aiming elements on the same line, wherein, the described plane of incidence and described
The angle that exit facet is constituted is α；
Step 102, by described aiming elements towards described angle direction rotation alpha degree, adjusts described measurand, so that taking aim at
The optical axis of quasi- unit is perpendicular to described exit facet；
Step 103, makes the incident light beam strikes that light emitting members send to the described plane of incidence；
Step 104, rotation aiming elements are to aim at emergent light, and obtain the angle β of described incident illumination and described emergent light；
Step 105, the angle β of the angle α according to the plane of incidence and exit facet and incident illumination and emergent light, obtain described quilt
Survey refractive index n of object.
The present invention enables incident illumination to be incident to accurately angle vertical by using the aiming elements of optical angle gauge
The plane of incidence of measurand, then aim at emergent light by rotating aiming elements, to obtain the angle of incident illumination and emergent light, to make
Obtain the refractive index essence of the measurand being obtained according to the angle of the plane of incidence and exit facet and the angle of incident illumination and emergent light
Exactness is higher.Further, since being to make incident illumination vertical incidence to the plane of incidence using aiming elements, different types of quilt can be directed to
Survey the refractive index of object (for example can pass through the common crystal of visible ray, or almost infrared crystal of impermeable visible ray etc.)
Measure so that measurement range is more extensive.
In a step 101, the light emitting members of optical angle gauge and aiming elements are made to be respectively arranged at entering of measurand
Penetrate face side and exit facet side, the optical axis of light emitting members and aiming elements on the same line, wherein, the described plane of incidence and
The angle that described exit facet is constituted is α.
In one example, the method for the present embodiment can be realized using optical angle gauge, Fig. 4 show one exemplary
Optical angle gauge structural representation, it may include light emitting members 10, aiming elements 11 (such as photoelectronic collimating part), with
And for placing the sample stage 12 of measurand, measurand can be the specular sample block of Rhizoma Sparganii, and its material can be infrared light
Learning glass etc. arbitrarily needs to measure the material of refractive index.Place measurand when, can make measurand the plane of incidence (referring to
AC face in Fig. 3) near light emitting members, the exit facet (the AB face referring in Fig. 3) of measurand is near aiming elements simultaneously.
In one example, it is possible to use on optical angle gauge be used for adjust light emitting members screw come vertical to light emitting members
Direction (i.e. pitching) and horizontal direction (i.e. left and right) are adjusted, and similarly, equally can utilize and be used for adjusting on optical angle gauge
The screw of section aiming elements carrys out the vertical direction to aiming elements (i.e. pitching) and horizontal direction (i.e. left and right) is adjusted.One
In individual example, by means of the plane mirror being placed on sample stage, light emitting members and aiming elements can be carried out adaptively
Adjustment, so that the optical axis of the optical axis of light emitting members and aiming elements is on the same line (line D-D referring in Fig. 4),
That is the optical axis coincidence of the two, hereafter the position at the optical axis place of light emitting members is referred to as zero line, measures for convenience,
Zero line can also be made to be horizontally oriented.Additionally, the plane that sample stage is located can be parallel with zero line, so that measurand
The plane of incidence and exit facet be in vertical-horizontal direction, be easy to below adjust aiming elements, so that incident vertical incidence is to quilt
Survey object.
In one example, light emitting members can include luminescence unit, collimation unit etc., and the light that luminescence unit sends leads to
Be non-parallel light in the case of often, this non-parallel light, after collimation unit, can be changed into directional light, so be incident to tested right
As.Wherein, collimation unit can be that (for example by the combination of multiple lens and slit) well known by persons skilled in the art can
To realize the structure that light is collimated, the present invention is without limitation.
Incident illumination is carried out with collimation can make incident ray all with identical incident angles, and is gone out with the identical angle of emergence
Penetrate, it is to avoid because the angle of incidence of multiple angles causes the increase of measurement error.
Luminescence unit can be selected according to the species of measurand.For example, in an example it is assumed that tested
Object can be infrared optical material (such as glasses for infrared use), because it through visible ray but can cannot pass through red
The characteristic of outer light, can select infrared light light source (such as iraser) as luminescence unit.It is assumed that quilt in another example
Survey object and can pass through visible ray, then can select visible light source as luminescence unit.In one example, luminescence unit is sent out
The light going out can be monochromatic light, so that the aiming of birefringence light and detection below, can avoid the interference that aberration brings to measurement
And error.
In one example, it is possible to use optical angle gauge measures the angle α of the described plane of incidence and described exit facet.Fig. 2
Illustrate to measure the plane of incidence of measurand and the schematic diagram of the angle α of exit facet using autocollimation method.As shown in Fig. 2 at one
In example, measurand can be the specular sample block of Rhizoma Sparganii of glasses for infrared use, can first make aiming elements aim at the plane of incidence
AC, adjusts aiming elements 11, and the optical axis aiming at based part 11 by observing the picture of the cross hairs in aiming elements 11 to judge is
No perpendicular to the plane of incidence, aiming elements 11 optical axis in the case of incident surface A C, rotation aiming elements 11 make it take aim at
Quasi- exit facet AB, is adjusted using same method, so that the optical axis of aiming elements 11 is perpendicular to exit facet AB, as Fig. 2 institute
Show, because the angle of aiming elements 11 rotation is θ, θ with α's and is 180 °, so incident surface A C is α with the angle of exit facet AB
=180 ° of-θ.The angle of the plane of incidence and described exit facet composition is that α can also be by its other party well known by persons skilled in the art
Method to obtain, for example, is obtained using bounce technique using optical angle gauge.
In one example, the angle of the plane of incidence and exit facet can meet following condition：α ＜ arcsin (n-1).Namely
Say, in this example, because incident illumination vertical incidence is to the plane of incidence of measurand, light reaches during exit facet via measurand
Angle of incidence be α, due to measurand refractive index be typically larger than air refractive index, light from measurand air inlet when
Wait, if angle of incidence excessive it may happen that total reflection.Therefore, angle of incidence is made to be less than critical angle, i.e. sin α ＜ n-1, i.e. the plane of incidence
Meet α ＜ arcsin (n with the angle of exit facet-1), the generation being totally reflected can be avoided, wherein, n is the refractive index of measurand.
In a step 102, by aiming elements towards described angle direction rotation alpha degree, adjust measurand, so that aiming at single
The optical axis of unit is perpendicular to exit facet；
In step 103, the incident light beam strikes that light emitting members send are made to the described plane of incidence.
It may be determined that the optical axis of light emitting members is on zero line after completing step 101, the optical axis of aiming elements
Also on zero line, and zero line can pass through measurand.Below will be according to Fig. 3 to how adjusting each part so that incident illumination
Vertical incidence is described in detail to the plane of incidence.
It is possible, firstly, to keep light emitting members (not shown) and measurand to fix, by aiming elements (not shown) towards
After angle (i.e. drift angle A) the direction rotation alpha degree of the plane of incidence and exit facet, fixing aiming elements；Then can adjust measurand
Putting position, the self-collimation characteristic (observing the position of the picture of cross hairs) using aiming elements to make the optical axis of aiming elements hang down
Directly in exit facet, the plane of incidence of the incident illumination vertical incidence that now light emitting members send to measurand.Fig. 3 illustrates aiming portion
Part rotation alpha degree and to measurand adjust after light propagate schematic diagram.
Above procedure be based on the principle that, as shown in Figure 3 it is assumed that incident illumination vertical incidence to measurand incidence
Face, light does not change in direction when through incident surface A C, when reaching exit facet AB, due to 1=90 ° and α+∠ 1=of i+ ∠
90 °, wherein, dotted line is normal, and i is angle of incidence, and ∠ 1 is the angle of zero line and exit facet AB, and ∠ 2 is zero line and exit facet
The angle of the normal of AB, β is the angle of refraction light and incident illumination (i.e. zero line), so i=when through exit facet AB for the light
α, i and ∠ 2 are vertical angles, so the two is equal, therefore, behind zero-bit line position rotation alpha angle, its optical axis reaches aiming elements
Normal position shown in dotted line, if adjustment measurand make exit facet AB perpendicular to the optical axis of aiming elements, you can guarantee into
Penetrate light perpendicular to incident surface A C.
By rotating aiming elements, and the position using aiming elements regulation measurand, incident illumination can be made to hang down
The direction of the straight plane of incidence enters measurand, subsequently to measure the refractive index of measurand, this process and traditional measurement side
Method different it is not necessary to observe light with human eye, so the wavelength of light is unrestricted, including visible ray or non-visible light,
So that there is no any restriction to the material of measurand, including can be can pass through visible ray optical glass, or
The almost glasses for infrared use of unavailable transmission visible ray.The method adopting the present embodiment can be more than 2 × 10 with refractive index-5's
The refractive index of glasses for infrared use measures, and effect is fine.
At step 104, rotate aiming elements to aim at emergent light, and obtain the angle β of incident illumination and emergent light.Incident
Light can be obtained according to following manner with the angle β of emergent light：After completing step 103, what aiming elements were located in Fig. 3 leans on
The normal direction of nearly exit facet AB, the emergent light after being aimed at out through exit facet AB by rotation aiming elements is (i.e. in Fig. 3
Refraction light), the angle of aiming elements rotation is φ degree, and that is, refraction angle is φ degree, and direction and zero line due to incident illumination are put down
OK, so incident illumination is β=φ-α with the angle of refraction light.In one example, aiming elements can include photo-detector, with
It is easy to the emergent light after can detecting through exit facet AB by rotation aiming elements, and then it is aimed at.Optical detection
The type of device can be selected as needed, for example, can be selected according to the species of the light of light emitting members transmitting
Photo-detector, if the light of such as transmitting is infrared light, can select infrared detector that emergent light is detected.?
In one example, aiming elements can connect with computer, in order to can more intuitively observe each step by display
Adjustment state and result, the position of the picture of such as cross hairs, or the detection to emergent light etc..
In step 105, the angle β of the angle α according to the plane of incidence and exit facet and incident illumination and emergent light, obtains institute
State refractive index n of measurand.
In one example, the angle β of the angle α according to the plane of incidence and exit facet and incident illumination and emergent light, obtains
Refractive index n of described measurand, can realize in the following way：
Based on the computing formula of refractive index, from abovementioned steps, when through exit facet AB, the angle of emergence is alpha+beta to light, enters
Firing angle is α, so can obtain refractive index n of described measurand according to below equation：
In one example, for same measurand, its refractive index can repeatedly be measured using the method, then to institute
The multiple refractive indexs obtaining are averaged, using this meansigma methods as the final refractive index result of this measurand, to reduce single
Measurement may lead to the larger risk of error, improves degree of accuracy.
Because optical angle gauge is high precision measuring instrument, using aiming elements come accurate measurement angle of incidence and refraction angle,
Further according to the two calculate measurand refractive index so that according to the method obtain refractive index compared to traditional method,
Precision is higher.In one example, the precision highest of the refractive index being obtained by this method measurement can reach 5 × 10-6.In addition
Aiming elements can be connected with computer, carry out by computer aiming at and observe, further increase degree of accuracy, and operate
Convenient.
The above, the only specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any
Those familiar with the art the invention discloses technical scope in, change or replacement can be readily occurred in, all should contain
Cover within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be defined by described scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method of measurement refractive index is it is characterised in that methods described includes：
The light emitting members of optical angle gauge and aiming elements are made to be respectively arranged at plane of incidence side and the exit facet of measurand
On the same line, wherein, the described plane of incidence and described exit facet are constituted the optical axis of side, light emitting members and aiming elements
Angle is α；
By described aiming elements towards described angle direction rotation alpha degree, adjust described measurand, so that aiming at the optical axis of unit
Perpendicular to described exit facet；
Make the incident light beam strikes that light emitting members send to the described plane of incidence；
Rotation aiming elements are to aim at emergent light, and obtain the angle β of described incident illumination and described emergent light；
The angle β of the angle α according to the plane of incidence and exit facet and incident illumination and emergent light, obtains the refraction of described measurand
Rate n.
2. method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that the described plane of incidence and described exit facet angle α meet with
Lower condition：
α ＜ arcsin (n-1).
3. method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that according to the angle α of the plane of incidence and exit facet and incident illumination
With the angle β of emergent light, obtain refractive index n of described measurand, including：
Obtain refractive index n of described measurand according to below equation：
4. method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that methods described also includes：
Measure the angle α of the described plane of incidence and described exit facet using described optical angle gauge.
5. method as claimed in any of claims 1 to 4 is it is characterised in that described measurand is infrared optics
Glass.
6. method according to claim 5 is it is characterised in that described measurand is specular for the Rhizoma Sparganii of glasses for infrared use
Sample block.
7. method as claimed in any of claims 1 to 4 is it is characterised in that described incident illumination is infrared light.
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| CN108593599A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-09-28 | 莆田市烛火信息技术有限公司 | A kind of brine for kitchen use, syrup concentration measure Intelligent water cup |
| CN108732131A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-11-02 | 莆田市烛火信息技术有限公司 | A kind of household self-control beverage concentration measuring method |
| CN109001159A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-12-14 | 武汉理工大学 | The device and method of rapid survey liquid water-reducing agent solid content |
| CN109060720A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-12-21 | 武汉理工大学 | The quick, intelligent measuring device of liquid water-reducing agent solid content and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109001159A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-12-14 | 武汉理工大学 | The device and method of rapid survey liquid water-reducing agent solid content |
| CN109060720A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-12-21 | 武汉理工大学 | The quick, intelligent measuring device of liquid water-reducing agent solid content and method |
| CN109060720B (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2020-07-10 | 武汉理工大学 | Device and method for rapidly and intelligently measuring solid content of liquid water reducing agent |
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| CN106404715B (en) | 2019-01-01 |
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