CN106399120A - Ecological cyclic culture method of pleurotus geesteranus - Google Patents
Ecological cyclic culture method of pleurotus geesteranus Download PDFInfo
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- CN106399120A CN106399120A CN201610441693.7A CN201610441693A CN106399120A CN 106399120 A CN106399120 A CN 106399120A CN 201610441693 A CN201610441693 A CN 201610441693A CN 106399120 A CN106399120 A CN 106399120A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological cyclic culture method of pleurotus geesteranus. The ecological cyclic culture method comprises steps of making a fungus bag, inoculating the fungus bag, breeding fungi, promoting growth of the pleurotus geesteranus and conducting collection and cyclic utilization of wastes. With the application of the ecological cyclic culture method provided by the invention, the problem of shortage of culture raw materials can be effectively relieved; the culture raw materials are low in cost, wide in source and rich in nutrition; environmental pollution is relieved, insect pests are effectively prevented and the yield of the pleurotus geesteranus is significantly improved; and through the cyclic utilization of the wastes, the generation of the wastes is avoided; therefore, the cyclic culture method is ecological and environment-friendly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Pleurotus geesteranus production technical field, particularly to a kind of ecological circulation cultural method of Pleurotus geesteranus.
Background technology
Pleurotus geesteranus, scientific name Pleurotus geesteranus, belong to one kind of Pleurotus ostreatus, Eumycota, Basidiomycetess, Agaricaless, Pleurotaceae, pleurotus are belonged on taxonomy.This title of Pleurotus geesteranus derive from Taiwan, be business taste denseer a kind of Pleurotus sajor-caju.It is different from common Pleurotus sajor-caju, and its mushroom body is handsome little, and handle is long 5-6 centimetre, and lid diameter is less than 3 centimetres, so claiming elegant precious.
Pleurotus geesteranus are a kind of nutritious, delicious flavour natural edible bacterium, and protein content is high, and quality is delicate, and fiber content is few；According to surveying and determination, contain protein 3.65～3.88%, crude fat 1.13～1.18%, reducing sugar 0.87～1.80%, sugar 23.94～34.87%, lignin 2.64%, cellulose 12.85%, pectin 0.14% in fresh mushroom, also contain minerals etc..Its protein content is close to meat, higher than general vegetable 3～6 times.Additionally, Pleurotus geesteranus are also containing above aminoacid in 17, more valuable, it contains human body itself and can not manufacture, and the generally threonine of shortage, lysine, leucine etc. in food.It can be seen that, Pleurotus geesteranus are a kind of high protein, low-fat nutraceutical, and it is tasty, have the local flavor of uniqueness, call it by the fine-sounding name of " monosodium glutamate mushroom ".
Fast development with Edible Fungi, culturing raw material supply day is becoming tight, only cotton seed hullss, Caulis et Folium Oryzae etc. are difficult to meet Production requirement, seek to replace raw material to be the task of top priority, Ramulus Mori is the side-product of sericulture industry, abundance, be easy to collect, with low cost, substantial amounts of Ramulus Mori is not utilized effectively at present, it is all often as firewood burning, environmental pollution is serious.
Hickory Juglandaceae hickory plant.Its fruit has high nutritive value and unique taste flavor.After Semen Caryae Cathayensis maturation, it is coated with Semen Caryae Cathayensis shell and pecan shell two-layer shell.Pecan shell is by containing chloroplast and arrange close parenchyma layer and complicated vascular bundle network structure forms.Semen Caryae Cathayensis shell is formed by lignifying stone cell layer, and taking off is in faint yellow during Pu shell, and after the processing technique such as steaming and decocting parch, Semen Caryae Cathayensis are in brownish black.Pecan shell accounts for the 80% about of Semen Caryae Cathayensis total fruit weight, is piled up discarding everywhere in some Semen Caryae Cathayensis producing region Pu shells, creates very big impact to traffic in local look of a village and village.The black juice that pecan shell leaks out after piling up has very strong alkalescence and corrosivity, creates serious pollution to water source and soil.
During existing Pleurotus geesteranus culture, after fruiting, it is directly that moisturizing process is carried out to bacterium bag water spray, so short time humidifying effect is good, there is the long period, elapse over time between fruiting twice, moisture is easy to scatter and disappear, led to again fruiting when water deficient, moistening effect is poor, cultivating rate is low, meanwhile, such process fruiting end remains exposure, and insect easily enters, and eat up mycelium, so leverage cultivating rate.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of ecological circulation cultural method of Pleurotus geesteranus, culture raw material anxiety problem can effectively be alleviated, culture cost of material is low, source is wide, nutritious, environmental pollution can be mitigated, effectively prevent insect pest and significantly improve cultivating rate, the cyclic utilization of waste, no garbage produce, ecological, environmental protective.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：
A kind of ecological circulation cultural method of Pleurotus geesteranus, recycle step including inoculation, bacteria, long mushroom and waste gathering in bacterium bag making, bacterium bag, described bacterium bag is made as compost adding water regulation to water content 60-65%, is then charged in polypropylene single port plastic bag, sterilizing, cooling；Described compost is become by following mixed raw material by weight：100 parts of Ramulus Mori powder, pecan shell ground product 15-20 part, Chinese chestnut bud husk ground product 10-15 part, Semen Maydis powder 5-10 part, organic-inorganic nutrition complex 20-30 part, Calx 1-2 part.
Compost of the present invention is with Ramulus Mori powder as main material, it is aided with pecan shell ground product, Chinese chestnut bud husk ground product, cost of material is low, source is wide, nutritious, so coordinate the growth being suitable for Pleurotus geesteranus, especially the present invention adds organic inorganic nutrients complex in compost, and organic-inorganic nutrition complex nutritional labeling is reasonable, abundant, the growth of suitable Pleurotus geesteranus, the complex of organic-inorganic nutrition simultaneously has an abundant porosity, moisturizing and keep the effect that nutrient does not run off good.
Preferably, described organic-inorganic nutrition complex is mixed by following raw material components by weight：100 parts of wormcast, Macrocystis pyrifera (L.) Ag. ground product 30-50 part, fly larvae excrement 30-50 part, powder of straw 20-30 part, Bamboo vinegar solution 10-20 part, pine needle powder 10-20 part, molasses 10-20 part.
Organic-inorganic nutrition complex wants raw material based on wormcast, Macrocystis pyrifera (L.) Ag. ground product, wormcast granule has very big surface area, pore structure is good, moisturizing and holding nutrient effect are good, simultaneously, wormcast rich in nutrition content itself, its contained nutritional labeling and trace element etc. are especially suitable for the production of Pleurotus geesteranus.The small graininess of wormcast can also help promote and contact as much as possible with air, and they make culture medium no longer hardened and hard with after culture medium mixing.Fly larvae excrement, Bamboo vinegar solution, molasses are nutritious, and rich in materials such as organic matter and protein, powder of straw, pine needle powder lignocellulose enrich, organic-inorganic nutrition complex is directed to Pleurotus geesteranus nutritional need and designs, each group is divided and is cooperated, and nutrition arrangement rationally, collaborative plays a role.
Preferably, the compound preparation of described organic-inorganic nutrition is as follows：
（1）Wormcast, Macrocystis pyrifera (L.) Ag. ground product, fly larvae excrement, powder of straw, Bamboo vinegar solution, pine needle powder and molasses are uniformly mixed to obtain mixture, regulation to the water content that adds water in mixture obtains fermentation substrate for 60-65%；
（2）Composite bacteria liquid is added to be uniformly mixed in fermentation substrate, composite bacteria liquid consumption is step（1）The 5-10% of middle mixture weight, obtains fermented product after building heap fermentation, and the ambient temperature building heap fermentation controls at 20-30 DEG C, fermentation time 7-14 days；
（3）Make granule after fermented product is dried, then to granule heat treatment, obtain organic-inorganic nutrition complex after cooling, described heat treatment is to be warming up to 180-200 DEG C with the heating rate of 2-5 DEG C/min, keep 50-60min.
The present invention first carries out biofermentation process using composite bacteria liquid, fly larvae excrement, Bamboo vinegar solution, powder of straw, pine needle powder and wormcast and Macrocystis pyrifera (L.) Ag. ground product can be made glued further, promote fly larvae excrement, Bamboo vinegar solution, powder of straw, the nutrient substance of pine needle powder to resolve into and be easier to plant absorption composition, meanwhile, biofermentation processes and can also kill harmful microorganism.Finally heat treatment is carried out to the granule being obtained after fermentation, make each composition further combined with formation complex, organic and inorganic composition can be promoted to be combined and surface chemical reaction and ion exchange, fly larvae excrement is made to change into similar to soil humic metallic substance, powder of straw, pine needle powder are further converted into easily absorbing composition, ultimately form relatively stable organic mineral complex, play efficient moisturizing, fertilizer conservation effect.
Preferably, described powder of straw by corn straw, wheat stalk, soybean stalk, rape stalk, rice straw according to 1:1:1:1:1 weight forms than pulverizing after mixing.
Preferably, composite bacteria liquid by EM bacterium solution and Bacillus subtillis liquid according to 1:The volume ratio of 0.5-0.6 mixes, viable count >=100,000,000/milliliter of EM bacterium solution, viable count >=100,000,000/milliliter of Bacillus subtillis liquid.
Preferably, during long mushroom, bacterium bag is carried out before fruiting after fruiting of bacterium bag with insect protected activation processing again, insect protected activation processing is：The fruiting end at bacterium bag top is submerged into vertically downward to insect protected activating solution and soaks 10-12 hour, the fruiting end at the bacterium bag top submergence height in insect protected activating solution is in 2-3cm；Bacterium bag fruiting 7-8 time altogether.
Fruiting refers to mycelium and grows up to the Pleurotus geesteranus thalline of maturation gathering in complete.The insect protected activation processing of the present invention be after the completion of a fruiting again this period before fruiting carry out, this section of period mycelium is easily subject to insect pest invasion.The fruiting end at bacterium bag top is that bacterium bag top 2-3cm is immersed in insect protected activating solution in the submergence height in insect protected activating solution in 2-3cm.
The present invention passes through by the fruiting end at bacterium bag top vertically downward（I.e. bacterium bag is inverted）It is submerged into insect protected activating solution and soak 10-12 hour, it is open environment that bacterium bag only has fruiting end, now fruiting end seal is closed in insect protected activating solution, define fluid-tight environment, the insect of outside cannot be introduced into, the moisture of culture medium also pins and will not scatter and disappear, and long process forms anaerobic environment, can effectively kill the insect in culture medium in bacterium bag.Meanwhile, fruiting end is submerged into insect protected activating solution while insect protected, insecticidal action, can effectively draws water, nutritional labeling, moistening effect is good, substantially increases cultivating rate.
Preferably, the proportioning of each by weight component of described insect protected activating solution is as follows：1000 parts of water, potassium sulfate 2-4 part, ammonium phosphate 3-6 part, Bamboo vinegar solution 10-20 part, humic acid 20-30 part, derivant 1-3 part, accelerator 1-3 part, vitamin C 3-5 part, Sargassum phyllocystum Tseng et Lu,Sargassum horneri (Turn.) C. Ag. (Fucus horneri (Turn.)C.Ag.,Spongocarpus horneri Kutz.) extract 15-25 part.
Potassium sulfate, ammonium phosphate provide inorganic potash fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer；The nutritious fertilizer of Bamboo vinegar solution, humic acid offer, organo-mineral complexing in insect protected activating solution, nutritious, can overcome the disadvantages that the loss of the nutrition that fruiting produces, improving the fertility of fruiting section, thus effectively improving cultivating rate.
The present invention adds accelerator in insect protected activating solution, can improve cultivating rate, in the presence of accelerator, Pleurotus geesteranus can be promoted the decomposition of nutritional labeling lignocellulose in bacterium bag to be utilized, thus improving yield and cultivating rate.The present invention adds derivant in insect protected activating solution, with accelerator synergism, improves cultivating rate.
The present invention adds Bamboo vinegar solution in insect protected activating solution, there is permeability well, other components can be promoted to infiltrate through in the culture medium at fruiting end and play a role, simultaneously, Bamboo vinegar solution has good deodorizing effect, can eliminate the stink that in incubation, culture medium produces, abnormal flavour.Meanwhile, Bamboo vinegar solution may also operate as the effect of phytohormone, can improve cultivating rate, improves Pleurotus geesteranus mouthfeel.
Sargassum phyllocystum Tseng et Lu,Sargassum horneri (Turn.) C. Ag. (Fucus horneri (Turn.)C.Ag.,Spongocarpus horneri Kutz.) extract is with the addition of in insect protected activating solution of the present invention, its composition is mainly brown algae polyphenols, there is very strong anti-oxidation function, energy sterilizing, Sargassum phyllocystum Tseng et Lu,Sargassum horneri (Turn.) C. Ag. (Fucus horneri (Turn.)C.Ag.,Spongocarpus horneri Kutz.) extract has extraordinary moisture-keeping efficacy simultaneously, the moistening effect enabling to fruiting end after Immersion treatment maintains extraordinary state, thus improving cultivating rate, promotes the production of Pleurotus geesteranus.Vitamin C has very strong anti-oxidation function moreover it is possible to provide nutrition.The present invention is used cooperatively with vitamin C using the Sargassum phyllocystum Tseng et Lu,Sargassum horneri (Turn.) C. Ag. (Fucus horneri (Turn.)C.Ag.,Spongocarpus horneri Kutz.) extract of high concentration, has good cooperative effect in terms of total antioxidation, and disinfection effect is good, and moistening effect is good, can effectively improve cultivating rate.
Preferably, the preparation method of described Sargassum phyllocystum Tseng et Lu,Sargassum horneri (Turn.) C. Ag. (Fucus horneri (Turn.)C.Ag.,Spongocarpus horneri Kutz.) extract is as follows：By Sargassum phyllocystum Tseng et Lu,Sargassum horneri (Turn.) C. Ag. (Fucus horneri (Turn.)C.Ag.,Spongocarpus horneri Kutz.) crushed after being dried, by ground product and 85% ethanol according to 1g：The solid-liquid ratio of 15-20mL, in 40-45 DEG C of stirring mixing 3-5 hour, centrifugation, collects supernatant, the 10-15% of vacuum-concentrcted to original volume obtains concentrated solution, and concentrated solution ethyl acetate extracts 3-5 time, and last evaporated under reduced pressure removes ethyl acetate and obtains Sargassum phyllocystum Tseng et Lu,Sargassum horneri (Turn.) C. Ag. (Fucus horneri (Turn.)C.Ag.,Spongocarpus horneri Kutz.) extract.
Preferably, described derivant is diazosulfide, described accelerator is Oleic acid.
Preferably, waste gathering is recycling as collecting discarded bacterium bag and the discarded mushroom handle mushroom base of a fruit enters production of methane tank biogas, as the fuel of thermal source needed for bacterium bag sterilizing, the biogas slurry producing in methane-generating pit and biogas residue are used for mulberry as fertilizer and plant for the biogas of production.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：Culture raw material anxiety problem can effectively be alleviated, culture cost of material is low, source is wide, nutritious, can mitigate environmental pollution, effectively prevent insect pest and significantly improve cultivating rate, the cyclic utilization of waste, no garbage produce, ecological, environmental protective.
Specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, technical scheme is described in further detail.
In the present invention, if not refering in particular to, the raw material being adopted and equipment etc. are all commercially available or commonly used in the art.Method in following embodiments, if no special instructions, is the conventional method of this area.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of ecological circulation cultural method of Pleurotus geesteranus, including inoculation, bacteria in bacterium bag making, bacterium bag（Bacteria at 23-25 DEG C is so that mycelia covers with bacterium bag）, long mushroom（At 25-28 DEG C in booth, cultivate under humidity 85%-90%）And waste gathering recycles step, waste gathering is recycling as collecting discarded bacterium bag and the discarded mushroom handle mushroom base of a fruit enters production of methane tank biogas, as the fuel of thermal source needed for bacterium bag sterilizing, the biogas slurry producing in methane-generating pit and biogas residue are used for mulberry as fertilizer and plant the biogas producing.Described bacterium bag is made as compost adding water regulation to water content 60-65%, is then charged in polypropylene single port plastic bag, sterilizing, cooling；Described compost is become by following mixed raw material by weight：100 parts of Ramulus Mori powder, 15 parts of pecan shell ground product, 15 parts of Chinese chestnut bud husk ground product, 5 parts of Semen Maydis powder, 30 parts of organic-inorganic nutrition complex, 2 parts of Calx.
Described organic-inorganic nutrition complex is mixed by following raw material components by weight：100 parts of wormcast, 30 parts of Macrocystis pyrifera (L.) Ag. ground product, 50 parts of fly larvae excrement, 20 parts of powder of straw, 20 parts of Bamboo vinegar solution, 10 parts of pine needle powder, 20 parts of molasses.
It is as follows that described organic-inorganic nutrition is combined preparation：
（1）Wormcast, Macrocystis pyrifera (L.) Ag. ground product, fly larvae excrement, powder of straw, Bamboo vinegar solution, pine needle powder and molasses are uniformly mixed to obtain mixture, regulation to the water content that adds water in mixture obtains fermentation substrate for 60-65%；Described powder of straw is by corn straw, wheat stalk, soybean stalk, rape stalk, rice straw according to 1:1:1:1:1 weight forms than pulverizing after mixing.
（2）Composite bacteria liquid is added to be uniformly mixed in fermentation substrate, composite bacteria liquid consumption is step（1）The 5% of middle mixture weight, obtains fermented product after building heap fermentation, and the ambient temperature building heap fermentation controls at 20 DEG C, fermentation time 14 days；Composite bacteria liquid is by EM bacterium solution（Commercially available）With Bacillus subtillis（Commercially available）Liquid is according to 1:0.5 volume ratio mixes, viable count >=100,000,000/milliliter of EM bacterium solution, viable count >=100,000,000/milliliter of Bacillus subtillis liquid.
（3）Make granule after fermented product is dried, then to granule heat treatment, obtain organic-inorganic nutrition complex after cooling, described heat treatment is to be warming up to 180 DEG C with the heating rate of 2 DEG C/min, keep 60min.
During long mushroom：Bacterium bag is carried out before fruiting after fruiting of bacterium bag with insect protected activation processing again, insect protected activation processing is：The fruiting end at bacterium bag top is submerged into vertically downward to insect protected activating solution and soaks 10 hours, the fruiting end at the bacterium bag top submergence height in insect protected activating solution is in 3cm；The so circulation of fruiting-insect protected activation processing-fruiting is carried out, bacterium bag fruiting 7 times altogether, insect protected activation processing totally 6 times.
The proportioning of each by weight component of described insect protected activating solution is as follows：1000 parts of water, 2 parts of potassium sulfate, 3 parts of ammonium phosphate, 20 parts of Bamboo vinegar solution, 20 parts of humic acid, 1 part of diazosulfide, 3 parts of Oleic acid, 5 parts of vitamin C, 25 parts of Sargassum phyllocystum Tseng et Lu,Sargassum horneri (Turn.) C. Ag. (Fucus horneri (Turn.)C.Ag.,Spongocarpus horneri Kutz.) extract.The preparation method of described Sargassum phyllocystum Tseng et Lu,Sargassum horneri (Turn.) C. Ag. (Fucus horneri (Turn.)C.Ag.,Spongocarpus horneri Kutz.) extract is as follows：By Sargassum phyllocystum Tseng et Lu,Sargassum horneri (Turn.) C. Ag. (Fucus horneri (Turn.)C.Ag.,Spongocarpus horneri Kutz.) crushed after being dried, by ground product and 85% ethanol according to 1g：The solid-liquid ratio of 15mL, in 40 DEG C of stirring mixing 5 hours, centrifugation, collects supernatant, the 10% of vacuum-concentrcted to original volume obtains concentrated solution, and concentrated solution ethyl acetate extracts 3 times, and last evaporated under reduced pressure removes ethyl acetate and obtains Sargassum phyllocystum Tseng et Lu,Sargassum horneri (Turn.) C. Ag. (Fucus horneri (Turn.)C.Ag.,Spongocarpus horneri Kutz.) extract.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of ecological circulation cultural method of Pleurotus geesteranus, including inoculation, bacteria in bacterium bag making, bacterium bag（Bacteria at 23-25 DEG C is so that mycelia covers with bacterium bag）, long mushroom（At 25-28 DEG C in booth, cultivate under humidity 85%-90%）And waste gathering recycles step, waste gathering is recycling as collecting discarded bacterium bag and the discarded mushroom handle mushroom base of a fruit enters production of methane tank biogas, as the fuel of thermal source needed for bacterium bag sterilizing, the biogas slurry producing in methane-generating pit and biogas residue are used for mulberry as fertilizer and plant the biogas producing.Described bacterium bag is made as compost adding water regulation to water content 60-65%, is then charged in polypropylene single port plastic bag, sterilizing, cooling；Described compost is become by following mixed raw material by weight：100 parts of Ramulus Mori powder, 20 parts of pecan shell ground product, 10 parts of Chinese chestnut bud husk ground product, 10 parts of Semen Maydis powder, 20 parts of organic-inorganic nutrition complex, 1 part of Calx.
Described organic-inorganic nutrition complex is mixed by following raw material components by weight：100 parts of wormcast, 50 parts of Macrocystis pyrifera (L.) Ag. ground product, 30 parts of fly larvae excrement, 30 parts of powder of straw, 10 parts of Bamboo vinegar solution, 20 parts of pine needle powder, 10 parts of molasses.
It is as follows that described organic-inorganic nutrition is combined preparation：
（1）Wormcast, Macrocystis pyrifera (L.) Ag. ground product, fly larvae excrement, powder of straw, Bamboo vinegar solution, pine needle powder and molasses are uniformly mixed to obtain mixture, regulation to the water content that adds water in mixture obtains fermentation substrate for 60-65%；Described powder of straw is by corn straw, wheat stalk, soybean stalk, rape stalk, rice straw according to 1:1:1:1:1 weight forms than pulverizing after mixing.
（2）Composite bacteria liquid is added to be uniformly mixed in fermentation substrate, composite bacteria liquid consumption is step（1）The 10% of middle mixture weight, obtains fermented product after building heap fermentation, and the ambient temperature building heap fermentation controls at 30 DEG C, fermentation time 7 days；Composite bacteria liquid is by EM bacterium solution（Commercially available）With Bacillus subtillis（Commercially available）Liquid is according to 1:0.6 volume ratio mixes, viable count >=100,000,000/milliliter of EM bacterium solution, viable count >=100,000,000/milliliter of Bacillus subtillis liquid.
（3）Make granule after fermented product is dried, then to granule heat treatment, obtain organic-inorganic nutrition complex after cooling, described heat treatment is to be warming up to 200 DEG C with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min, keep 50min.
During long mushroom：Bacterium bag is carried out before fruiting after fruiting of bacterium bag with insect protected activation processing again, insect protected activation processing is：The fruiting end at bacterium bag top is submerged into vertically downward to insect protected activating solution and soaks 12 hours, the fruiting end at the bacterium bag top submergence height in insect protected activating solution is in 2cm；Bacterium bag fruiting 8 times altogether, insect protected activation processing totally 7 times.
The proportioning of each by weight component of described insect protected activating solution is as follows：1000 parts of water, 4 parts of potassium sulfate, 6 parts of ammonium phosphate, 10 parts of Bamboo vinegar solution, 30 parts of humic acid, 3 parts of diazosulfide, 1 part of Oleic acid, 3 parts of vitamin C, 15 parts of Sargassum phyllocystum Tseng et Lu,Sargassum horneri (Turn.) C. Ag. (Fucus horneri (Turn.)C.Ag.,Spongocarpus horneri Kutz.) extract.The preparation method of described Sargassum phyllocystum Tseng et Lu,Sargassum horneri (Turn.) C. Ag. (Fucus horneri (Turn.)C.Ag.,Spongocarpus horneri Kutz.) extract is as follows：By Sargassum phyllocystum Tseng et Lu,Sargassum horneri (Turn.) C. Ag. (Fucus horneri (Turn.)C.Ag.,Spongocarpus horneri Kutz.) crushed after being dried, by ground product and 85% ethanol according to 1g：The solid-liquid ratio of 20mL, in 45 DEG C of stirring mixing 3 hours, centrifugation, collects supernatant, the 15% of vacuum-concentrcted to original volume obtains concentrated solution, and concentrated solution ethyl acetate extracts 5 times, and last evaporated under reduced pressure removes ethyl acetate and obtains Sargassum phyllocystum Tseng et Lu,Sargassum horneri (Turn.) C. Ag. (Fucus horneri (Turn.)C.Ag.,Spongocarpus horneri Kutz.) extract.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of ecological circulation cultural method of Pleurotus geesteranus, including inoculation, bacteria in bacterium bag making, bacterium bag（Bacteria at 23-25 DEG C is so that mycelia covers with bacterium bag）, long mushroom（At 25-28 DEG C in booth, cultivate under humidity 85%-90%）And waste gathering recycles step, waste gathering is recycling as collecting discarded bacterium bag and the discarded mushroom handle mushroom base of a fruit enters production of methane tank biogas, as the fuel of thermal source needed for bacterium bag sterilizing, the biogas slurry producing in methane-generating pit and biogas residue are used for mulberry as fertilizer and plant the biogas producing.Described bacterium bag is made as compost adding water regulation to water content 60-65%, is then charged in polypropylene single port plastic bag, sterilizing, cooling；Described compost is become by following mixed raw material by weight：100 parts of Ramulus Mori powder, 18 parts of pecan shell ground product, 12 parts of Chinese chestnut bud husk ground product, 8 parts of Semen Maydis powder, 25 parts of organic-inorganic nutrition complex, 1.5 parts of Calx.
Described organic-inorganic nutrition complex is mixed by following raw material components by weight：100 parts of wormcast, 40 parts of Macrocystis pyrifera (L.) Ag. ground product, 40 parts of fly larvae excrement, 25 parts of powder of straw, 15 parts of Bamboo vinegar solution, 15 parts of pine needle powder, 15 parts of molasses.
It is as follows that described organic-inorganic nutrition is combined preparation：
（1）Wormcast, Macrocystis pyrifera (L.) Ag. ground product, fly larvae excrement, powder of straw, Bamboo vinegar solution, pine needle powder and molasses are uniformly mixed to obtain mixture, regulation to the water content that adds water in mixture obtains fermentation substrate for 60-65%；Described powder of straw is by corn straw, wheat stalk, soybean stalk, rape stalk, rice straw according to 1:1:1:1:1 weight forms than pulverizing after mixing.
（2）Composite bacteria liquid is added to be uniformly mixed in fermentation substrate, composite bacteria liquid consumption is step（1）The 8% of middle mixture weight, obtains fermented product after building heap fermentation, and the ambient temperature building heap fermentation controls at 25 DEG C, fermentation time 10 days；Composite bacteria liquid is by EM bacterium solution（Commercially available）With Bacillus subtillis（Commercially available）Liquid is according to 1:0.5 volume ratio mixes, viable count >=100,000,000/milliliter of EM bacterium solution, viable count >=100,000,000/milliliter of Bacillus subtillis liquid.
（3）Make granule after fermented product is dried, then to granule heat treatment, obtain organic-inorganic nutrition complex after cooling, described heat treatment is to be warming up to 200 DEG C with the heating rate of 4 DEG C/min, keep 55min.
During long mushroom：Bacterium bag is carried out before fruiting after fruiting of bacterium bag with insect protected activation processing again, insect protected activation processing is：The fruiting end at bacterium bag top is submerged into vertically downward to insect protected activating solution and soaks 11 hours, the fruiting end at the bacterium bag top submergence height in insect protected activating solution is in 2.5cm；Bacterium bag fruiting 7 times altogether, insect protected activation processing totally 6 times.
The proportioning of each by weight component of described insect protected activating solution is as follows：1000 parts of water, 3 parts of potassium sulfate, 4 parts of ammonium phosphate, 15 parts of Bamboo vinegar solution, 25 parts of humic acid, 2 parts of diazosulfide, 2 parts of Oleic acid, 4 parts of vitamin C, 20 parts of Sargassum phyllocystum Tseng et Lu,Sargassum horneri (Turn.) C. Ag. (Fucus horneri (Turn.)C.Ag.,Spongocarpus horneri Kutz.) extract.The preparation method of described Sargassum phyllocystum Tseng et Lu,Sargassum horneri (Turn.) C. Ag. (Fucus horneri (Turn.)C.Ag.,Spongocarpus horneri Kutz.) extract is as follows：By Sargassum phyllocystum Tseng et Lu,Sargassum horneri (Turn.) C. Ag. (Fucus horneri (Turn.)C.Ag.,Spongocarpus horneri Kutz.) crushed after being dried, by ground product and 85% ethanol according to 1g：The solid-liquid ratio of 15mL, in 42 DEG C of stirring mixing 4 hours, centrifugation, collects supernatant, the 15% of vacuum-concentrcted to original volume obtains concentrated solution, and concentrated solution ethyl acetate extracts 4 times, and last evaporated under reduced pressure removes ethyl acetate and obtains Sargassum phyllocystum Tseng et Lu,Sargassum horneri (Turn.) C. Ag. (Fucus horneri (Turn.)C.Ag.,Spongocarpus horneri Kutz.) extract.
The present invention can effectively alleviate culture raw material anxiety problem, culture cost of material is low, source is wide, nutritious, environmental pollution can be mitigated, effectively prevent insect pest and significantly improve cultivating rate, compared with conventional shower water moisturizing process, cultivating rate can be improved 20-30% by the method for the present invention, Pleurotus geesteranus output increased at least more than 15%, the cyclic utilization of waste, no garbage produce, ecological, environmental protective.
Embodiment described above is one kind preferably scheme of the present invention, and not the present invention is made with any pro forma restriction, also has other variants and remodeling on the premise of without departing from the technical scheme described in claim.
Claims (10)
1. the ecological circulation cultural method of a kind of Pleurotus geesteranus, make including bacterium bag, in bacterium bag inoculation, bacteria, long mushroom and waste gathering recycle step it is characterised in that：Described bacterium bag is made as compost adding water regulation to water content 60-65%, is then charged in polypropylene single port plastic bag, sterilizing, cooling；Described compost is become by following mixed raw material by weight：100 parts of Ramulus Mori powder, pecan shell ground product 15-20 part, Chinese chestnut bud husk ground product 10-15 part, Semen Maydis powder 5-10 part, organic-inorganic nutrition complex 20-30 part, Calx 1-2 part.
2. a kind of Pleurotus geesteranus according to claim 1 ecological circulation cultural method it is characterised in that：Described organic-inorganic nutrition complex is mixed by following raw material components by weight：100 parts of wormcast, Macrocystis pyrifera (L.) Ag. ground product 30-50 part, fly larvae excrement 30-50 part, powder of straw 20-30 part, Bamboo vinegar solution 10-20 part, pine needle powder 10-20 part, molasses 10-20 part.
3. a kind of Pleurotus geesteranus according to claim 2 ecological circulation cultural method it is characterised in that：It is as follows that described organic-inorganic nutrition is combined preparation：
（1）Wormcast, Macrocystis pyrifera (L.) Ag. ground product, fly larvae excrement, powder of straw, Bamboo vinegar solution, pine needle powder and molasses are uniformly mixed to obtain mixture, regulation to the water content that adds water in mixture obtains fermentation substrate for 60-65%；
（2）Composite bacteria liquid is added to be uniformly mixed in fermentation substrate, composite bacteria liquid consumption is step（1）The 5-10% of middle mixture weight, obtains fermented product after building heap fermentation, and the ambient temperature building heap fermentation controls at 20-30 DEG C, fermentation time 7-14 days；
（3）Make granule after fermented product is dried, then to granule heat treatment, obtain organic-inorganic nutrition complex after cooling, described heat treatment is to be warming up to 180-200 DEG C with the heating rate of 2-5 DEG C/min, keep 50-60min.
4. a kind of Pleurotus geesteranus according to Claims 2 or 3 ecological circulation cultural method it is characterised in that：Described powder of straw is by corn straw, wheat stalk, soybean stalk, rape stalk, rice straw according to 1:1:1:1:1 weight forms than pulverizing after mixing.
5. a kind of Pleurotus geesteranus according to claim 3 ecological circulation cultural method it is characterised in that：Composite bacteria liquid is by EM bacterium solution and Bacillus subtillis liquid according to 1:The volume ratio of 0.5-0.6 mixes, viable count >=100,000,000/milliliter of EM bacterium solution, viable count >=100,000,000/milliliter of Bacillus subtillis liquid.
6. a kind of Pleurotus geesteranus according to claim 1 ecological circulation cultural method it is characterised in that：During long mushroom, bacterium bag is carried out before fruiting after fruiting of bacterium bag with insect protected activation processing again, insect protected activation processing is：The fruiting end at bacterium bag top is submerged into vertically downward to insect protected activating solution and soaks 10-12 hour, the fruiting end at the bacterium bag top submergence height in insect protected activating solution is in 2-3cm；Bacterium bag fruiting 7-8 time altogether.
7. a kind of Pleurotus geesteranus according to claim 6 ecological circulation cultural method it is characterised in that：The proportioning of each by weight component of described insect protected activating solution is as follows：1000 parts of water, potassium sulfate 2-4 part, ammonium phosphate 3-6 part, Bamboo vinegar solution 10-20 part, humic acid 20-30 part, derivant 1-3 part, accelerator 1-3 part, vitamin C 3-5 part, Sargassum phyllocystum Tseng et Lu,Sargassum horneri (Turn.) C. Ag. (Fucus horneri (Turn.)C.Ag.,Spongocarpus horneri Kutz.) extract 15-25 part.
8. a kind of Pleurotus geesteranus according to claim 7 ecological circulation cultural method it is characterised in that：The preparation method of described Sargassum phyllocystum Tseng et Lu,Sargassum horneri (Turn.) C. Ag. (Fucus horneri (Turn.)C.Ag.,Spongocarpus horneri Kutz.) extract is as follows：By Sargassum phyllocystum Tseng et Lu,Sargassum horneri (Turn.) C. Ag. (Fucus horneri (Turn.)C.Ag.,Spongocarpus horneri Kutz.) crushed after being dried, by ground product and 85% ethanol according to 1g：The solid-liquid ratio of 15-20mL, in 40-45 DEG C of stirring mixing 3-5 hour, centrifugation, collects supernatant, the 10-15% of vacuum-concentrcted to original volume obtains concentrated solution, and concentrated solution ethyl acetate extracts 3-5 time, and last evaporated under reduced pressure removes ethyl acetate and obtains Sargassum phyllocystum Tseng et Lu,Sargassum horneri (Turn.) C. Ag. (Fucus horneri (Turn.)C.Ag.,Spongocarpus horneri Kutz.) extract.
9. a kind of Pleurotus geesteranus according to claim 7 ecological circulation cultural method it is characterised in that：Described derivant is diazosulfide, and described accelerator is Oleic acid.
10. a kind of Pleurotus geesteranus according to claim 1 ecological circulation cultural method it is characterised in that：Waste gathering is recycling as collecting discarded bacterium bag and the discarded mushroom handle mushroom base of a fruit enters production of methane tank biogas, and, as the fuel of thermal source needed for bacterium bag sterilizing, the biogas slurry producing in methane-generating pit and biogas residue are used for mulberry as fertilizer and plant for the biogas of production.
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