CN106393920B - 一种环保弹性压延膜及其生产方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种环保弹性压延膜及其生产方法。本环保弹性压延膜包括薄膜本体,薄膜本体沿厚度方向依次设置有阻燃层、TPU层、隔水层和防尘层,阻燃层、TPU层、隔水层和防尘层之间均通过弹性胶层粘合;弹性胶层包括位于中间的弹性网,弹性网的两侧均贴覆有胶体膜,胶体膜的外侧表面上具有凹凸部,凹凸部与阻燃层、TPU层、隔水层或防尘层的表面纹理形成嵌合,弹性网通过弹性纤维沿经纬交织形成,弹性网上具有竖立的网刺,网刺由弹性纤维缠绕在弹性网上形成,网刺伸入阻燃层、TPU层、隔水层或防尘层中。本发明具有良好的强度与韧性,显著的阻燃性、防水性和防尘性,利用弹性胶层提高粘接牢度,避免开裂,避免轻易分层。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于材料技术领域,涉及一种TPU复合材料,特别是一种环保弹性压延膜及其生产方法。
背景技术
TPU薄膜是在TPU颗粒料基础上,经压延、流延、吹膜、涂覆等特殊工艺制成的薄膜。由于弹性好、物性佳、各种机械强度都很好,可被广泛应用于各个需要装饰的场所及各种行业。
当TPU薄膜装饰于一些温差较大的场所时,材料容易产生热胀冷缩,由于固定的较紧导致TPU薄膜表面开裂,影响持续使用及美观。
热塑性弹性体由于其优良的断裂伸长,回弹性,耐磨性,耐候性及比浇注聚氨酯优越的加工成型方法,而得到越来越广泛的应用。特别是由于聚氨酯行业的快速发展,又促进原料厂家的产能不断扩大,使得成本不断下降,从而促进新轮聚氨酯产品的应用开发。TPU薄膜具有韧性好、强度高、无味、无毒、可热合加工等特性,广泛应用于汽车工业、医疗卫生、生活用品等领域。TPU薄膜传统的生产工艺主要是流延,该工艺产能低,薄膜厚度不均匀,各功能改性助剂都需要先造粒再添加使用,使得生产成本极高,塑化不均匀,限制了TPU薄膜的推广应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有的技术存在上述问题,提出了一种通过多种不同特性的层体相复合,以使同一膜体具有多项功能,尤其利用弹性胶层将各层之间进行热熔粘合,既提高粘接牢度又避免开裂的环保弹性压延膜及其生产方法。
本发明的目的可通过下列技术方案来实现:一种环保弹性压延膜,包括薄膜本体,所述薄膜本体沿厚度方向依次设置有阻燃层、TPU层、隔水层和防尘层,所述阻燃层、TPU层、隔水层和防尘层之间均通过弹性胶层粘合;所述弹性胶层包括位于中间的弹性网,所述弹性网的两侧均贴覆有胶体膜,所述胶体膜的外侧表面上具有凹凸部,所述凹凸部与阻燃层、TPU层、隔水层或防尘层的表面纹理形成嵌合,所述弹性网通过弹性纤维沿经纬交织形成,所述弹性网上具有竖立的网刺,所述网刺由弹性纤维缠绕在弹性网上形成,所述网刺伸入阻燃层、TPU层、隔水层或防尘层中;所述TPU层以TPU颗粒为原料,还包括相容剂、填充剂、阻燃剂、天然多酚、环氧树脂和光稳定剂,其组分按重量份计分别为:TPU颗粒70-80份,相容剂3-6份,填充剂1-3份,阻燃剂2-4份,天然多酚5-8份,环氧树脂10-20份,光稳定剂0.5-1.5份。
本环保弹性压延膜,在使用时阻燃层贴附于内侧,防尘层位于外侧。通过阻燃层实现膜体的阻燃效果,以提高装饰体的抗燃性。通过隔水层以有效防止水穿过整个膜体。通过防尘层以保障膜体表面的清洁程度,避免灰尘污染。通过弹性胶层将相邻层体之间牢固粘接,增强层之间的连接强度;通过弹性胶层内的弹性网提供弹性收缩扩张调节,以增强整个膜体面的韧性以避免开裂;通过弹性网上的网刺伸入至相邻层内,以提升相连接的牢固度,避免分层。
在上述的环保弹性压延膜中,所述阻燃层包括相互交织的阻燃经纱和阻燃纬纱,所述阻燃经纱为83.30dtex阻燃涤纶长丝,所述阻燃纬纱为14.76tex阻燃腈纶纱。
在上述的环保弹性压延膜中,所述83.30dtex阻燃涤纶长丝内含有磷系阻燃剂,其极限氧指数LOI为30-34%;所述14.76tex阻燃腈纶纱的极限氧指数LOI为30-34%。
在上述的环保弹性压延膜中,所述天然多酚为茶黄素、茄红素、咖啡多酚、橄榄多酚或姜黄素;所述相容剂为ABS-g-MAH、PE-g-MAH或PP-g-MAH;所述填充剂为二氧化硅。
压延膜的生产方法,包括以下步骤:
1)、纤维材料选用:
选用83.30dtex阻燃涤纶长丝作为阻燃经纱,14.76tex阻燃腈纶纱作为阻燃纬纱;
2)、织物规格设计:
阻燃层的组织规格采用五枚缎纹;
3)、织造阻燃层:
将阻燃经纱和阻燃纬纱上机进行织造:
经线:原检—染色—色检—倒筒—整经—穿结经—织造;
纬线:原检—倒筒—染色—色检—倒筒—织造;
经密:110根/㎝;纬密:60根/㎝;
4)、织造隔水层:
A、将经纱和纬纱上机进行织造,经密:90根/㎝;纬密:90根/㎝;
B、在编织成型的隔水层的至少一侧表面均匀喷定型剂;
C、将喷涂有定型剂的隔水层烘干,烘干温度保持在60-150℃;
5)、将阻燃层、TPU层、隔水层和防尘层之间均夹设弹性胶层,在热熔的状态下使弹性胶层形成表面的凹凸部以与其它相邻层的纹理相嵌合;
6)、经过上述步骤形成多层复合膜,让多层复合膜从压延机底辊压延出来,经过设有常温水通道的第一组引离辊和设有热油通道的第二组引离辊、第三组引离辊,形成多层复合的压延膜以接近同步的速度通过前述三组引离辊;
7)、然后通过多组冷却辊对压延膜进行冷却定型;最后进行切边和卷取。
在上述的生产方法中,在步骤3)中,向阻燃层中添加磷系阻燃剂。
在上述的生产方法中,在步骤3)中,阻燃纬纱进行加捻,粗纱捻系数为76.8,捻向为Z向。
在上述的生产方法中,在步骤6)中,压延膜以接近同步的速度通过前述三组引离辊使压延膜的拉伸倍数控制在1.1~1.9之间;压延机底辊的温度控制在160~180℃之间;第二、三组的引离辊温度控制在160~165℃之间。
与现有技术相比,本环保弹性压延膜及其生产方法通过多种不同特性的层体相复合,以使同一膜体具有多项功能,例如具有良好的强度与韧性,显著的阻燃性、防水性和防尘性,尤其利用弹性胶层将各层之间进行热熔粘合,提高粘接牢度,避免开裂,避免轻易分层。
附图说明
图1是本环保弹性压延膜的结构示意图。
图中,1、阻燃层;2、TPU层;3、隔水层;4、防尘层;5、弹性胶层;6、弹性网;7、网刺。
具体实施方式
以下是本发明的具体实施例并结合附图,对本发明的技术方案作进一步的描述,但本发明并不限于这些实施例。
如图1所示,本环保弹性压延膜,包括薄膜本体,薄膜本体沿厚度方向依次设置有阻燃层1、TPU层2、隔水层3和防尘层4,阻燃层1、TPU层2、隔水层3和防尘层4之间均通过弹性胶层5粘合;弹性胶层5包括位于中间的弹性网6,弹性网6的两侧均贴覆有胶体膜,胶体膜的外侧表面上具有凹凸部,凹凸部与阻燃层1、TPU层2、隔水层3或防尘层4的表面纹理形成嵌合,弹性网6通过弹性纤维沿经纬交织形成,弹性网6上具有竖立的网刺7,网刺7由弹性纤维缠绕在弹性网6上形成,网刺7伸入阻燃层1、TPU层2、隔水层3或防尘层4中;TPU层2以TPU颗粒为原料,还包括相容剂、填充剂、阻燃剂、天然多酚、环氧树脂和光稳定剂,其组分按重量份计分别为:TPU颗粒70-80份,相容剂3-6份,填充剂1-3份,阻燃剂2-4份,天然多酚5-8份,环氧树脂10-20份,光稳定剂0.5-1.5份。
本环保弹性压延膜,在使用时阻燃层1贴附于内侧,防尘层4位于外侧。通过阻燃层1实现膜体的阻燃效果,以提高装饰体的抗燃性。通过隔水层3以有效防止水穿过整个膜体。通过防尘层4以保障膜体表面的清洁程度,避免灰尘污染。通过弹性胶层5将相邻层体之间牢固粘接,增强层之间的连接强度;通过弹性胶层5内的弹性网6提供弹性收缩扩张调节,以增强整个膜体面的韧性以避免开裂;通过弹性网6上的网刺7伸入至相邻层内,以提升相连接的牢固度,避免分层。
阻燃层1包括相互交织的阻燃经纱和阻燃纬纱,阻燃经纱为83.30dtex阻燃涤纶长丝,阻燃纬纱为14.76tex阻燃腈纶纱。
83.30dtex阻燃涤纶长丝内含有磷系阻燃剂,其极限氧指数LOI为30-34%;14.76tex阻燃腈纶纱的极限氧指数LOI为30-34%。
天然多酚为茶黄素、茄红素、咖啡多酚、橄榄多酚或姜黄素;相容剂为ABS-g-MAH、PE-g-MAH或PP-g-MAH;填充剂为二氧化硅。
压延膜的生产方法,包括以下步骤:
1)、纤维材料选用:
选用83.30dtex阻燃涤纶长丝作为阻燃经纱,14.76tex阻燃腈纶纱作为阻燃纬纱;
2)、织物规格设计:
阻燃层的组织规格采用五枚缎纹;
3)、织造阻燃层1:
将阻燃经纱和阻燃纬纱上机进行织造:
经线:原检—染色—色检—倒筒—整经—穿结经—织造;
纬线:原检—倒筒—染色—色检—倒筒—织造;
经密:110根/㎝;纬密:60根/㎝;
4)、织造隔水层3:
A、将经纱和纬纱上机进行织造,经密:90根/㎝;纬密:90根/㎝;
B、在编织成型的隔水层3的至少一侧表面均匀喷定型剂;
C、将喷涂有定型剂的隔水层3烘干,烘干温度保持在60-150℃;
5)、将阻燃层1、TPU层2、隔水层3和防尘层4之间均夹设弹性胶层5,在热熔的状态下使弹性胶层5形成表面的凹凸部以与其它相邻层的纹理相嵌合;
6)、经过上述步骤形成多层复合膜,让多层复合膜从压延机底辊压延出来,经过设有常温水通道的第一组引离辊和设有热油通道的第二组引离辊、第三组引离辊,形成多层复合的压延膜以接近同步的速度通过前述三组引离辊;
7)、然后通过多组冷却辊对压延膜进行冷却定型;最后进行切边和卷取。
在步骤3)中,向阻燃层1中添加磷系阻燃剂。
在步骤3)中,阻燃纬纱进行加捻,粗纱捻系数为76.8,捻向为Z向。
在步骤6)中,压延膜以接近同步的速度通过前述三组引离辊使压延膜的拉伸倍数控制在1.1~1.9之间;压延机底辊的温度控制在160~180℃之间;第二、三组的引离辊温度控制在160~165℃之间。
本环保弹性压延膜及其生产方法通过多种不同特性的层体相复合,以使同一膜体具有多项功能,例如具有良好的强度与韧性,显著的阻燃性、防水性和防尘性,尤其利用弹性胶层5将各层之间进行热熔粘合,提高粘接牢度,避免开裂,避免轻易分层。
本文中所描述的具体实施例仅仅是对本发明精神作举例说明。本发明所属技术领域的技术人员可以对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代,但并不会偏离本发明的精神或者超越所附权利要求书所定义的范围。
尽管本文较多地使用了阻燃层1;TPU层2;隔水层3;防尘层4;弹性胶层5;弹性网6;网刺7等术语,但并不排除使用其它术语的可能性。使用这些术语仅仅是为了更方便地描述和解释本发明的本质;把它们解释成任何一种附加的限制都是与本发明精神相违背的。
Claims (8)
1.一种环保弹性压延膜,包括薄膜本体,其特征在于,所述薄膜本体沿厚度方向依次设置有阻燃层、TPU层、隔水层和防尘层,所述阻燃层、TPU层、隔水层和防尘层之间均通过弹性胶层粘合;所述弹性胶层包括位于中间的弹性网,所述弹性网的两侧均贴覆有胶体膜,所述胶体膜的外侧表面上具有凹凸部,所述凹凸部与阻燃层、TPU层、隔水层或防尘层的表面纹理形成嵌合,所述弹性网通过弹性纤维沿经纬交织形成,所述弹性网上具有竖立的网刺,所述网刺由弹性纤维缠绕在弹性网上形成,所述网刺伸入阻燃层、TPU层、隔水层或防尘层中;所述TPU层以TPU颗粒为原料,还包括相容剂、填充剂、阻燃剂、天然多酚、环氧树脂和光稳定剂,其组分按重量份计分别为:TPU颗粒70-80份,相容剂3-6份,填充剂1-3份,阻燃剂2-4份,天然多酚5-8份,环氧树脂10-20份,光稳定剂0.5-1.5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的环保弹性压延膜,其特征在于,所述阻燃层包括相互交织的阻燃经纱和阻燃纬纱,所述阻燃经纱为83.30dtex阻燃涤纶长丝,所述阻燃纬纱为14.76tex阻燃腈纶纱。
3.根据权利要求2所述的环保弹性压延膜,其特征在于,所述83.30dtex阻燃涤纶长丝内含有磷系阻燃剂,其极限氧指数LOI为30-34%;所述14.76tex阻燃腈纶纱的极限氧指数LOI为30-34%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的环保弹性压延膜,其特征在于,所述天然多酚为茶黄素、茄红素、咖啡多酚、橄榄多酚或姜黄素;所述相容剂为ABS-g-MAH、PE-g-MAH或PP-g-MAH;所述填充剂为二氧化硅。
5.根据权利要求1所述压延膜的生产方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)、纤维材料选用:
选用83.30dtex阻燃涤纶长丝作为阻燃经纱,14.76tex阻燃腈纶纱作为阻燃纬纱;
2)、织物规格设计:
阻燃层的组织规格采用五枚缎纹;
3)、织造阻燃层:
将阻燃经纱和阻燃纬纱上机进行织造:
经线:原检—染色—色检—倒筒—整经—穿结经—织造;
纬线:原检—倒筒—染色—色检—倒筒—织造;
经密:110根/㎝;纬密:60根/㎝;
4)、织造隔水层:
A、将经纱和纬纱上机进行织造,经密:90根/㎝;纬密:90根/㎝;
B、在编织成型的隔水层的至少一侧表面均匀喷定型剂;
C、将喷涂有定型剂的隔水层烘干,烘干温度保持在60-150℃;
5)、将阻燃层、TPU层、隔水层和防尘层之间均夹设弹性胶层,在热熔的状态下使弹性胶层形成表面的凹凸部以与其它相邻层的纹理相嵌合;
6)、经过上述步骤形成多层复合膜,让多层复合膜从压延机底辊压延出来,经过设有常温水通道的第一组引离辊和设有热油通道的第二组引离辊、第三组引离辊,形成多层复合的压延膜以接近同步的速度通过前述三组引离辊;
7)、然后通过多组冷却辊对压延膜进行冷却定型;最后进行切边和卷取。
6.根据权利要求5所述的生产方法,其特征在于,在步骤3)中,向阻燃层中添加磷系阻燃剂。
7.根据权利要求5所述的生产方法,其特征在于,在步骤3)中,阻燃纬纱进行加捻,粗纱捻系数为76.8,捻向为Z向。
8.根据权利要求5所述的生产方法,其特征在于,在步骤6)中,压延膜以接近同步的速度通过前述三组引离辊使压延膜的拉伸倍数控制在1.1~1.9之间;压延机底辊的温度控制在160~180℃之间;第二、三组的引离辊温度控制在160~165℃之间。
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