Servo tool magazine tool change control method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of servo tool magazine tool change control methods.
Background technology
In numerically-controlled machine tool process, in order to improve the productivity of lathe, the tool change time for shortening cutter is effective.
In order to shorten tool change time, lathe preferably completes the movement of the cutter of subsequent processing before the processing for terminating current process.It is existing
Tool magazine tool changing action be all an a step then step, some steps in place when also need to wait for next step and terminate
It can start next action, therefore, tool changing efficiency is not very high.
In addition, multiple cutters that tool magazine is accommodated are respectively used to carry out different processing.Therefore, the weight of each cutter is each
Formula various kinds.When heavier cutter movement tool changing, the kinetic energy of motive objects is larger, and the impact that when positioning generates is larger.Therefore, cutter
The impact that tool changing generates when positioning makes the machining accuracy of current process reduce.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to:In order to which existing servo tool magazine tool changing rate can not improve again, tool changing precision
When influential deficiency, the present invention provides a kind of servo tool magazine tool change control method.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:A kind of servo tool magazine tool change control method, is used for
Main shaft tool changing is equipped with tool arm in main shaft side, and the side of tool arm has tool magazine, and tool arm is between main shaft and tool magazine, the knife
Arm both ends are equipped with the knife portion that takes, and the tool arm is driven by servo drive motor to be rotated, and is connected with cutter on main shaft and by beating
Knife cylinder is forged a knife to cutter or broaching tool;Servo tool magazine tool change control method includes the following steps:
Detain knife:Tool arm is rotated to the first fragment position by servo drive motor by the button knife pulse of setting length, makes tool arm
Both ends are located at below main shaft and tool magazine;
It forges a knife:Knife striking cylinder is driven when setting arbitrary point pulse in the button knife pulse in detaining knife step, is started on main shaft
Cutter forge a knife, the action speed of knife striking cylinder is matched with the speed of tool arm button knife;
Exchange knife:Tool arm is lifted upwards during forging a knife, and tool arm one end takes knife portion to obtain the new cutter in tool magazine, tool arm
After the cutter to be changed of the other end taken on knife portion acquisition main shaft, tool arm moves down, and servo drive motor drives tool arm rotation
180 ° are lifted upwards to the second fragment position, tool arm, and tool arm one end takes knife portion that the cutter to be changed changed on main shaft is headed into tool magazine,
The tool arm other end takes knife portion will be below the new cutter top that obtained from tool magazine to main shaft;
Broaching tool:Tool arm is rotated any time driving knife striking cylinder between 180 ° by servo drive motor in exchanging knife step
Start broaching tool, the speed that the action speed of knife striking cylinder exchanges knife with tool arm matches;
Wherein, it exchanges in knife step, when tool arm band cutter rotates, detects the current value or torque value of servo drive motor,
When detecting present current value or torque value > standard current values or torque value, servo drive motor compared with low velocity to rotate;When
When detecting present current value or torque value≤standard current value or torque value, servo drive motor rotates at a relatively high speed.
In entire tool magazine exchanging knives process, using loose knife and in advance broaching tool in advance in tool arm rotation process, knife is eliminated
Arm in place after stand-by period, improve the speed of tool changing;For the cutter of different weight, the current value of servo drive motor or
Torque value is bigger, represents that cutter is heavier, and current value or torque value are smaller, and it is lighter to represent cutter.In exchanging knife step, using inspection
Current value or the torque value of servo drive motor are surveyed to adjust the rotating speed of servo drive motor, when can effectively control cutter rotation
Centrifugal force, prevent servo drive motor band cutter rotation when by cutter centrifuge force effect and be damaged.
Multiple cutters that tool magazine is accommodated are respectively used to carry out different processing.Therefore, the weight of each cutter is various each
Sample.Make the heavier cutter of subsequent processing mobile in tool magazine and by the heavier cutter positioning when the tool changing position of readiness,
The kinetic energy of motive objects is larger, and the impact that when positioning generates is larger.It is also the same when the cutter of previous process is accommodated to tool magazine, it is heavier
Cutter generate larger impact.Accordingly, there exist following problems:Parallel carry out current process processing and previous process or
The heavier cutter of subsequent processing it is mobile when, the impact that generates when due to positioning and so that the machining accuracy of current process is reduced.
There is increasing to have according to the size of the weight of cutter, the impact of movement speed generation to subtract.Therefore, the present invention is according to different heavy
The cutter of amount sets velocity of rotation, and the impact that is generated when cutter positioning can be alleviated or avoided, and improves machining accuracy.
For now ponderable cutter, standard current value 0.5A-25A, standard torque value is 1 n/m -30 ns/m.
The speed of servo drive motor low speed rotation is 1.3 seconds, and/turning -4 seconds/turns;The high-speed rotating speed of servo drive motor
Degree is that 1.3 seconds/turning -0.5 second/turns.Within this range, the cutter of weight, centrifugal force will not be to servo-drive electricity whether great or small
Machine damages.
The precondition for starting entire tool magazine tool changing is tool arm Aligning control position.On the one hand, tool arm Aligning control position can be with
Convenient for tool change control next time;On the other hand, the cutter on main shaft will not be acted and is had an impact after tool arm Aligning control.
It detains in knife step, it is long that servo drive motor drives tool arm from origin position to rotate button knife pulse to the first fragment position
Degree is 50,000-30 ten thousand pulse lengths.For the numerically-controlled machine tool of different model, tool arm rotational angle is different or rotational angle corresponds to
Servo motor it is different, button knife pulse length is generally within the scope of 50,000-30 ten thousand pulse lengths.
It exchanges in knife step, it is long that servo drive motor drives tool arm from the first fragment position to rotate pulse to the second fragment position
Degree is 200,000-100 ten thousand pulse lengths.For the numerically-controlled machine tool of different model, tool arm rotational angle difference or rotational angle pair
The servo motor answered is different, exchanges knife pulse length generally within the scope of 200,000-100 ten thousand pulse lengths.
After broaching tool step, servo drive motor drives tool arm to be rotated by a certain angle Aligning control by the second fragment position.This
When, entire servo tool magazine tool changing action terminates.
The positioning method of tool arm Aligning control is:Signal wheel, signal wheel and servo-drive electricity are installed on servo drive motor
Machine rotates coaxially, and an induction point is arranged on the signal wheel, a fixed position be arranged a proximity switch, tool arm, signal wheel and
Servo drive motor rotates synchronously, and when induction point rotates to proximity switch position, signal, which occurs, for proximity switch makes servo-drive
Motor stops rotating, then tool arm returns to origin.
In order to improve tool-changing speed, before exchanging knife step, tool magazine rotates in advance, and new cutter is rotate in place, tool arm is made
New cutter can be obtained immediately in the first fragment position.
The invention has the advantages that the servo tool magazine tool change control method of the present invention, uses in tool arm rotation process
Loose knife and broaching tool, the stand-by period after eliminating tool arm in place improve the speed of tool changing in advance in advance;For different weight
Cutter, the current value or torque value of servo drive motor are bigger, represent that cutter is heavier, and current value or torque value are smaller, represent knife
Tool is lighter.In exchanging knife step, servo drive motor is adjusted using the current value or torque value of detection servo drive motor
Rotating speed, realize that machete weight knife low speed exchanges, the light knife up speed of pocket knife exchanges, and can effectively control centrifugal force when cutter rotation,
It prevents from being centrifuged force effect when servo drive motor band cutter rotation by cutter and being damaged;Also, according to the knife of different weight
Have to set velocity of rotation, the impact generated when cutter positioning can be alleviated or avoided, improves machining accuracy.
Description of the drawings
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 be the present invention servo tool magazine tool change control method in main shaft tool-changing mechanism schematic diagram.
1, main shaft in figure, 2, tool arm, 21, take knife portion, 3, tool magazine, 4, servo drive motor, 5, knife striking cylinder, 6, signal wheel,
7, proximity switch.
Specific implementation mode
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is further explained in detail.These attached drawings are simplified schematic diagram, only with
Illustration illustrates the basic structure of the present invention, therefore it only shows the composition relevant to the invention.
A kind of servo tool magazine tool change control method is used for 1 tool changing of main shaft, as shown in Figure 1, being equipped with tool arm in 1 side of main shaft
2, the side of tool arm 2 has tool magazine 3, and for tool arm 2 between main shaft 1 and tool magazine 3,2 both ends of the tool arm, which are equipped with, takes knife portion 21,
The tool arm 2 is driven by servo drive motor 4 to be rotated, be connected with cutter on main shaft 1 and forged a knife to cutter by knife striking cylinder 5 or
Broaching tool;Servo tool magazine tool change control method includes the following steps:
Detain knife:Tool arm 2 is rotated to the first fragment position by servo drive motor 4 by the button knife pulse of setting length, makes tool arm 2
Both ends be located at main shaft 1 and the lower section of tool magazine 3;
It forges a knife:Knife striking cylinder 5 is driven when setting arbitrary point pulse in the button knife pulse in detaining knife step, is started to main shaft 1
On cutter forge a knife, the speed that the action speed of knife striking cylinder 5 detains knife with tool arm 2 matches;
Exchange knife:Tool arm 2 is lifted upwards during forging a knife, and 2 one end of tool arm takes knife portion 21 to obtain the new knife in tool magazine 3
Have, after the cutter to be changed of 2 other end of tool arm taken on the acquisition of knife portion 21 main shaft 1, tool arm 2 moves down, and servo drive motor 4 drives
Moving knife arm 2 rotates 180 ° to the second fragment position, tool arm 2 is lifted upwards, and 2 one end of tool arm takes knife portion 21 that will be changed on main shaft 1
Cutter to be changed heads into tool magazine 3, and 2 other end of tool arm takes knife portion 21 by the new cutter top obtained from tool magazine 3 to 1 lower section of main shaft;
Broaching tool:Tool arm 2 rotates any time driving between 180 ° by servo drive motor 4 and forges a knife in exchanging knife step
Cylinder 5 starts broaching tool, and the speed that the action speed of knife striking cylinder 5 exchanges knife with tool arm 2 matches;
Wherein, it exchanges in knife step, when tool arm 2 is rotated with cutter, detects the current value or torsion of servo drive motor 4
Value, when detecting present current value or torque value > standard current values or torque value, servo drive motor 4 compared with low velocity to revolve
Turn;When detecting present current value or torque value≤standard current value or torque value, servo drive motor 4 revolves at a relatively high speed
Turn.
Standard current value is 0.5A-25A, and standard torque value is 1 n/m -30 ns/m.4 low speed rotation of servo drive motor
Speed be that 1.3 seconds/turn -4 seconds/turns;4 high-speed rotating speed of servo drive motor is 1.3 seconds, and/turning -0.5 second/turns.
The precondition for starting entire tool magazine tool changing is 2 Aligning control position of tool arm.After broaching tool step, servo-drive
Motor 4 drives tool arm 2 to be rotated by a certain angle Aligning control by the second fragment position.
It detains in knife step, servo drive motor 4 drives tool arm 2 to be rotated from origin position to the button knife pulse of the first fragment position
Length is 50,000-30 ten thousand pulse lengths.Exchange knife step in, servo drive motor 4 drive tool arm 2 from the first fragment position rotate to
The pulse length of second fragment position is 200,000-100 ten thousand pulse lengths.
The positioning method of 2 Aligning control of tool arm is:Signal wheel 6 is installed on servo drive motor 4, signal wheel 6 drives with servo
Dynamic motor 4 rotates coaxially, and an induction point is arranged on the signal wheel 6, is arranged a proximity switch 7 in a fixed position, tool arm 2,
Signal wheel 6 and servo drive motor 4 rotate synchronously, and when induction point rotates to 7 position of proximity switch, proximity switch 7 is believed
Number servo drive motor 4 is made to stop rotating, then tool arm 2 returns to origin.Specifically, there is notch, the proximity to open on signal wheel 6
It is optoelectronic switch to close 7, and optoelectronic switch includes luminescent device and photoelectric device, and luminescent device and photoelectric device are separately positioned on signal
The both sides of wheel 6, and luminescent device position is fixed, signal wheel 6 blocks the light that luminescent device is sent out, when the notch on signal wheel 6 turns
When moving luminescent device corresponding position, the light of luminescent device passes through the notch of signal wheel 6 to be received by photoelectric device;The phototube
Part is connect with 4 signal of servo drive motor.When servo drive motor 4 drives signal wheel 6 to rotate, the notch of signal wheel 6 with
The rotation of signal wheel 6 and the position corresponding to photoelectric device of the turn to proximity switch 7, the light of luminescent device penetrate signal wheel 6
Notch light is transmitted to photoelectric device, to trigger proximity switch 7, the photoelectric device of proximity switch 7 can then send out triggering letter
Number servo drive motor 4, servo drive motor 4 is given to receive trigger signal, control servo is stopped within the time of 10ms-100ms
Only, when motor stops, proximity switch 7 is persistent signal, and servo data is reset, and tool arm 2 is origin state.
Before exchanging knife step, tool magazine 3 rotates in advance, and new cutter is rotate in place, and makes the energy in the first fragment position of tool arm 2
It is enough to obtain new cutter immediately.
The servo tool magazine tool change control method of the present invention uses loose knife and in advance broaching tool in advance in 2 rotation process of tool arm,
Stand-by period after eliminating tool arm 2 in place, improve the speed of tool changing;For the cutter of different weight, servo drive motor 4
Current value or torque value it is bigger, represent that cutter is heavier, and current value or torque value are smaller, and it is lighter to represent cutter.Exchanging knife step
In rapid, the rotating speed of servo drive motor 4 is adjusted using the current value or torque value of detection servo drive motor 4, realizes machete
Weight knife low speed exchanges, and the light knife up speed of pocket knife exchanges, and can effectively control centrifugal force when cutter rotation, prevent servo drive motor
4 band cutters are centrifuged force effect by cutter and are damaged when rotating;Also, rotation speed is set according to the cutter of different weight
The impact generated when cutter positioning can be alleviated or avoided in degree, improve machining accuracy.
It is enlightenment with above-mentioned desirable embodiment according to the present invention, through the above description, relevant staff is complete
Various changes and amendments can be carried out without departing from the scope of the technological thought of the present invention' entirely.The technology of this invention
Property range is not limited to the contents of the specification, it is necessary to determine its technical scope according to right.