CN106370925A - Lightning energy calculation circuit based on FPGA - Google Patents
Lightning energy calculation circuit based on FPGA Download PDFInfo
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- CN106370925A CN106370925A CN201610955190.1A CN201610955190A CN106370925A CN 106370925 A CN106370925 A CN 106370925A CN 201610955190 A CN201610955190 A CN 201610955190A CN 106370925 A CN106370925 A CN 106370925A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R21/00—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
- G01R21/06—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor by measuring current and voltage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D10/00—Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management
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Abstract
The invention discloses a lightning energy calculation circuit based on FPGA. The circuit comprises a voltage transformer, a current transformer, a first ADC module, a second ADC module and an FPGA module. The voltage transformer reduces the lightning voltage in proportion. After the first ADC module carries out voltage acquisition, the voltage is output to the FPGA module for voltage effective value calculation. The current transformer reduces the lightning current in proportion. After the second ADC module carries out current acquisition, the current is output to the FPGA module for current effective value calculation. According to the invention, the lightning voltage and current are acquired and calculated; the lightning power and energy are calculated; and the circuit is important for lightning study, lightning accident analysis, and especially for the monitoring and maintenance of lightning protection facilities.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metering instrument field, be based on fpga(field programmable gate array particularly to a kind of) lightning energy
Amount counting circuit.
Background technology
Thunderbolt is a kind of ancient and common natural phenomena, its essence be between spatial charging cloud layer or powered cloud layer with
Electric discharge between ground object, thunder and lightning contains huge energy, and voltage when thunderbolt directly occurs is high, and thunderbolt core can be produced
Raw great discharge current, the direct destructive power of direct lightning strike and its injury to the mankind are commonly known, thus to thunder and lightning
Detection and protection have become more and more important now.
At present, design and installation lightning protection facility becomes the common methods in lightning protection mitigation, so to acting on lightning protection facility
Lightning current, voltage, and the collection of energy and calculating, for the research of thunder and lightning, analysis Lightning Disaster accident, especially to lightning protection
The maintenance of facility is respectively provided with highly important meaning.
Thus prior art could be improved and improves.
Content of the invention
A kind of in view of in place of above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide thunder energy based on fpga
Counting circuit, can gather and calculate the voltage and current value of thunder and lightning.
In order to achieve the above object, this invention takes technical scheme below:
A kind of thunder energy counting circuit based on fpga, described circuit includes voltage transformer, current transformer, an adc
Module, the 2nd adc module and fpga module, described voltage transformer is by the voltage scale blood pressure lowering of thunder and lightning through an adc module
After carrying out voltage acquisition, export and carry out voltage effective value calculating to described fpga module；Described current transformer is by the electricity of thunder and lightning
Stream fall stream in proportion, carries out after current acquisition through the 2nd adc module, exports and carry out current effective value meter to described fpga module
Calculate.
Specifically, a described adc module include first resistor, second resistance, 3rd resistor, the first operational amplifier,
First electric capacity, the second electric capacity and the first analog-digital converter, one end of described first resistor connects described voltage transformer, and described the
The other end of one resistance is grounded by described second resistance, also connects the positive input terminal of described first operational amplifier, and described
The negative input end of one operational amplifier connects the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier, the negative input of described first operational amplifier
End connects the outfan of the first operational amplifier and one end of described 3rd resistor, and the other end connection of described 3rd resistor is described
The vin end of the first analog-digital converter, also by the first capacity earth, the gnd end of described first analog-digital converter and epad end are equal
Ground connection, the vdd end of described first analog-digital converter connects+a3.3v feeder ear, and the regcap end of described first analog-digital converter leads to
Cross described second capacity earth, the sdo end of described first analog-digital converter, sclk end,End andEnd all connects
Connect described fpga module.
Specifically, described 2nd adc module include the 4th resistance, the 5th resistance, the 6th resistance, the second operational amplifier,
3rd electric capacity, the 4th electric capacity and the second analog-digital converter, one end of described 4th resistance connects described current transformer, and described the
The other end of four resistance passes through described 5th resistance eutral grounding, also connects the positive input terminal of described second operational amplifier, and described the
The negative input end connection outfan of the second operational amplifier of two operational amplifiers and one end of described 6th resistance, the described 6th
The other end of resistance connects the vin end of described second analog-digital converter, also by the 3rd capacity earth, described second analog digital conversion
The gnd end of device and epad end are all grounded, and the vdd end of described second analog-digital converter connects+a3.3v feeder ear, described second mould
The regcap end of number converter pass through described 4th capacity earth, the sdo end of described second analog-digital converter, sclk end,End
WithEnd is all connected with described fpga module.
Further, described fpga module of stating includes fpga chip, the 7th resistance, the 8th resistance, the 9th resistance, the tenth electricity
Resistance and memorizer, the io_l62n_d6_2d6 end of described fpga chip connects described first analog-digital converterEnd, described
The io_l64n_d9_2 end of fpga chip connects the sdo end of described first analog-digital converter, the io_l64p_ of described fpga chip
D8_2 end connects the sclk end of described first analog-digital converter, and the io_l62p_d5_2 end of described fpga chip connects described first
Analog-digital converterEnd, the io_l48n_rdwr_b_vref_2 end of described fpga chip connects described second mould
Number converterEnd, the io_49n_d4_2 end of described fpga chip connects the sdo end of described second analog-digital converter, described
The io_l49p_d3_2 end of fpga chip connects the sclk end of described second analog-digital converter, the io_l48p_ of described fpga chip
D7_2 end connects described second analog-digital converterEnd, the io_l1p_cclk_2 end of described fpga chip is passed through
Described 7th resistance connects the sck end of described memorizer, the io_l3p_d0_d1n_miso_miso1_2 end of described fpga chip
Connect the so/dq1 end of described memorizer, deposit described in the io_l3n_mosi_csi_b_miso0_2 end connection of described fpga chip
The si/dq0 end of reservoir, the io_l12p_d1_miso2_2 end of described fpga chip connects described memorizer/ dq2 end,
+ 3.3v feeder ear is connected by described 8th resistance, deposits described in the io_l12n_d2_miso3_2 end connection of described fpga chip
The hold/dq3 end of reservoir, connects+3.3v feeder ear also by described 9th resistance, described memorizerEnd is by described
Tenth resistance connects+3.3v feeder ear, the gnd end ground connection of described memorizer.
Specifically, the model of described first operational amplifier and the second operational amplifier is lmv358.
Specifically, the model of described first analog-digital converter and the second analog-digital converter is ad7091.
Specifically, model xc6slx9-2tqg144c of described fpga chip.
Specifically, model w25q64 of described memorizer.
The thunder energy counting circuit based on fpga providing compared to prior art, the present invention, mutual by using voltage
Sensor carries out blood pressure lowering process and carries out after voltage acquisition through an adc module to the voltage of thunder and lightning, carries out voltage by fpga module
Virtual value calculates；The electric current of thunder and lightning is carried out drop stream process and carry out electric current through an adc module by using current transformer
After collection, current effective value calculating is carried out by fpga module it is achieved that the collection of lightning voltage and electric current and calculating, thus calculating
Go out power and the energy of thunder and lightning, for the research of thunder and lightning, analysis Lightning Disaster accident, the monitoring especially to lightning protection facility and maintenance
It is respectively provided with highly important meaning.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of the thunder energy counting circuit based on fpga provided by the present invention.
Fig. 2 be provided by the present invention based in the thunder energy counting circuit of fpga, the circuit of a described adc module
Schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 be provided by the present invention based in the thunder energy counting circuit of fpga, the circuit of described 2nd adc module
Schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 be provided by the present invention based in the thunder energy counting circuit of fpga, the circuit of described fpga module is former
Reason figure.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of thunder energy counting circuit based on fpga, can gather and calculate the voltage and current of thunder and lightning
Value, thus calculate power and the energy of thunder and lightning.
For making the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and effect clearer, clear and definite, the embodiment that develops simultaneously referring to the drawings is to this
Bright further description.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not used to limit
The present invention.
Refer to Fig. 1, a kind of thunder energy counting circuit based on fpga that the present invention provides, including voltage transformer
10th, current transformer 20, an adc module 30, the 2nd adc module 40 and fpga module 50, described voltage transformer 10 passes through
A described adc module 30 connects described fpga module 50, and described current transformer 20 is connected by described 2nd adc module 40
Described fpga module 50.
When being embodied as, described voltage transformer 10, by the voltage scale blood pressure lowering of thunder and lightning, is carried out through an adc module 30
After voltage acquisition, export and carry out voltage effective value calculating to described fpga module 50；Described current transformer 20 is by the electricity of thunder and lightning
Stream fall stream in proportion, carries out after current acquisition through the 2nd adc module, exports and carry out current effective value meter to described fpga module 50
Calculate.
Specifically, the present embodiment is not restricted to the multiplying power of voltage transformer 10 summation current transformer 20, when being embodied as
Can be selected according to practical situation.
Further, refer to Fig. 2, a described adc module 30 includes first resistor r1, second resistance r2, the 3rd electricity
Resistance r3, the first operational amplifier u1, the first electric capacity c1, the second electric capacity c2 and the first analog-digital converter adc1, described first resistor
R1, second resistance r2 are the magnification ratio factor, and 3rd resistor r3 is current-limiting resistance；The model of described first operational amplifier u1
Lmv358, it is rail-to-rail operational amplifier, achievable current potential in the entirely interval change from negative supply to positive supply so that
The output impedance of voltage transformer 10 is realized mating with the input impedance of the first analog-digital converter adc1；Described first electric capacity c1 and
Second electric capacity c2 all plays the jamproof effect of filtration；Model ad7091 of described first analog-digital converter adc1, has at a high speed
Serial interface (spi), for being converted to digital signal by the analogue signal in circuit.
When being embodied as, one end of described first resistor r1 connects described voltage transformer 10, described first resistor r1
The other end is grounded by described second resistance r2, also connects the positive input terminal of described first operational amplifier u1, described first fortune
The negative input end calculating amplifier u1 connects the outfan of the first operational amplifier u1 and one end of described 3rd resistor r3, and described the
The other end of three resistance r3 connects the vin end of described first analog-digital converter adc1, is grounded also by the first electric capacity c1, and described the
The gnd end of one analog-digital converter adc1 and epad end are all grounded, the vdd end connection+a3.3v of described first analog-digital converter adc1
Feeder ear, described second electric capacity c2 ground connection is passed through at the regcap end of described first analog-digital converter adc1, and described first modulus turns
The sdo end of parallel operation adc1, sclk end,End andEnd is all connected with described fpga module.
Please continue to refer to Fig. 3, described 2nd adc module 40 include the 4th resistance r4, the 5th resistance r5, the 6th resistance r6,
Second operational amplifier u2, the 3rd electric capacity c3, the 4th electric capacity c4 and the second analog-digital converter adc2, described 4th resistance r4,
Five resistance r5 are the magnification ratio factor, the 6th resistance r6 is current-limiting resistance；The model of described second operational amplifier u2
Lmv358, it is rail-to-rail operational amplifier, achievable current potential in the entirely interval change from negative supply to positive supply so that
The output impedance of current transformer 20 is realized mating with the input impedance of the second analog-digital converter adc2；Described 3rd electric capacity c3 and
4th electric capacity c4 all plays the jamproof effect of filtration；Model ad7091 of described second analog-digital converter adc2, has at a high speed
Serial interface (spi), for being converted to digital signal by the analogue signal in circuit.
When being embodied as, one end of described 4th resistance r4 connects described current transformer 20, described 4th resistance r4's
The other end passes through described 5th resistance r5 ground connection, also connects the positive input terminal of described second operational amplifier u2, described second fortune
The negative input end calculating amplifier u2 connects the outfan of the second operational amplifier u2 and one end of described 6th resistance r6, and described the
The other end of six resistance r6 connects the vin end of described second analog-digital converter adc2, is grounded also by the 3rd electric capacity c3, and described the
The gnd end of two analog-digital converter adc2 and epad end are all grounded, the vdd end connection+a3.3v of described second analog-digital converter adc2
Feeder ear, described 4th electric capacity c4 ground connection is passed through at the regcap end of described second analog-digital converter adc2, and described second modulus turns
The sdo end of parallel operation adc2, sclk end,End and cnovst end are all connected with described fpga module.
Further, refer to Fig. 4, described fpga module include fpga chip u3, the 7th resistance r7, the 8th resistance r8,
9th resistance r9, the tenth resistance r10 and memorizer u4, model xc6slx9-2tqg144c of described fpga chip u3, it is used for
Management and read the first analog-digital converter adc1 and the second analog-digital converter adc2 collection data, and calculate thunder and lightning voltage and
The virtual value of electric current, calculates power and the energy of thunder and lightning further；Described 7th resistance r7 is current-limiting resistance, the 8th resistance r8,
9th resistance r9 and the tenth resistance r10 is pull-up resistor, model w25q64 of described memorizer u4, and it is the outer of fpga chip
Portion's memorizer, for storing fpga program.
When being embodied as, the io_l62n_d6_2 end (as the 43rd foot of fpga chip u3) of described fpga chip u3 connects institute
State the first analog-digital converter adc1'sEnd, the io_l64n_d9_2 end of described fpga chip u3 connects described first modulus and turns
The sdo end of parallel operation adc1, the io_l64p_d8_2 end of described fpga chip u3 connects described first analog-digital converter adc1's
Sclk end, the io_l62p_d5_2 end of described fpga chip u3 connects described first analog-digital converter adc1's
End, the io_l48n_rdwr_b_vref_2 end of described fpga chip u3 connects described second analog-digital converter adc2'sEnd,
The io_49n_d4_2 end of described fpga chip u3 connects the sdo end of described second analog-digital converter adc2, described fpga chip u3
Io_l49p_d3_2 end connect described second analog-digital converter adc2 sclk end, the io_l48p_ of described fpga chip u3
D7_2 end connects described second analog-digital converter adc2'sEnd, the io_l1p_cclk_2 of described fpga chip u3
End connects the sck end of described memorizer u4, the io_l3p_d0_d1n_ of described fpga chip u3 by described 7th resistance r7
Miso_miso1_2 end connects the so/dq1 end of described memorizer u4, the io_l3n_mosi_csi_b_ of described fpga chip u3
Miso0_2 end connects the si/dq0 end of described memorizer u4, and the io_l12p_d1_miso2_2 end of described fpga chip u3 connects
Described memorizer u4's/ dq2 end, connects+3.3v feeder ear also by described 8th resistance r8, described fpga chip u3's
Io_l12n_d2_miso3_2 end connect described memorizer u4 hold/dq3 end, also by described 9th resistance r9 connect+
3.3v feeder ear, described memorizer u4'sEnd connects+3.3v feeder ear, described memorizer u4 by described tenth resistance r10
Gnd end ground connection.
During concrete calculating voltage effective value (rms), the magnitude of voltage of the first analog-digital converter adc1 output is multiplied by voltage mutual
The multiplying power of sensor obtains d, and is calculated using n transient state sampled value dn collecting, and specific formula for calculation is as follows:
Described current effective value calculating process is similar with the calculating process of voltage effective value, will not be described here.
Further, described fpga also has calibration function, after calculating voltage effective value and current effective value, will
The voltage effective value going out and current effective value, put into " voltage deviation " and " current offset amount " depositor.Two values can be added
Enter measurement result, to eliminate the error of side-play amount.
The power of described thunder and lightning is multiplied with current effective value by voltage effective value and obtains, and the power of described thunder and lightning is made with thunder and lightning
Time is multiplied and can get the energy of thunder and lightning, and the rating formula of thunder and lightning is as follows:
When carrying out voltage effective value calculating, the n transient voltage value that voltage transformer 1 is exported is multiplied by voltage transformer respectively
Multiplying power obtain dn, all dn squares are obtained dn, the more all dn phase adductions obtaining are obtained the meansigma methodss of dn divided by n,
Dn is opened radical sign, obtains dn1, dn1 is obtained voltage effective value vrms plus voltage deviation.
When carrying out current effective value calculating, computational methods are similar with voltage effective value computational methods, will not be described here.
Voltage effective value vrms is multiplied with current effective value irms, that is, obtains active power p of thunder and lightning.
In order to be better understood from the present invention, the present invention is made into one for an embodiment below in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4
Step explanation:
First, the power calculation burning program of thunder and lightning is entered in fpga chip, and start to gather thunder and lightning.
After voltage transformer 10, voltage transformer 10 carries out blood pressure lowering process to the voltage of thunder and lightning to thunder and lightning, and exports
Carry out voltage acquisition to an adc module 30, voltage signal is converted to digital signal by the first analog-digital converter adc1, is sent to
Fpga module 50 carries out voltage effective value calculating.
Meanwhile, after current transformer 20, current transformer 20 carries out dropping stream process thunder and lightning to the electric current of thunder and lightning, and
Export and carry out current acquisition to the 2nd adc module 40, current signal is converted to digital signal by the second analog-digital converter adc2, send out
Give fpga module 50 and carry out current effective value calculating.
Fpga chip calculates the power of thunder and lightning according to the voltage effective value calculating and current effective value, further, will
The time that power is acted on thunder and lightning can draw the energy of thunder and lightning.
In sum, the present invention provide the thunder energy counting circuit based on fpga, enable the voltage to thunder and lightning and
The collection of electric current and calculating, thus calculating power and the energy of thunder and lightning further, for the research of thunder and lightning, analysis Lightning Disaster
Accident, the monitoring especially to lightning protection facility and maintenance are respectively provided with highly important meaning.
It is understood that for those of ordinary skills, with technology according to the present invention scheme and its can send out
Bright design in addition equivalent or change, and all these change or replace the guarantor that all should belong to appended claims of the invention
Shield scope.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of thunder energy counting circuit based on fpga it is characterised in that described circuit to include voltage transformer, electric current mutual
Sensor, an adc module, the 2nd adc module and fpga module, described voltage transformer by the voltage scale blood pressure lowering of thunder and lightning,
Carry out after voltage acquisition through an adc module, export and carry out voltage effective value calculating to described fpga module；Described Current Mutual Inductance
The electric current of thunder and lightning is dropped stream by device in proportion, carries out after current acquisition through the 2nd adc module, exports and carries out electricity to described fpga module
Stream virtual value calculates.
2. the thunder energy counting circuit based on fpga according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that a described adc mould
Block includes first resistor, second resistance, 3rd resistor, the first operational amplifier, the first electric capacity, the second electric capacity and the first modulus and turns
Parallel operation, one end of described first resistor connects described voltage transformer, and the other end of described first resistor passes through described second electricity
Resistance ground connection, also connects the positive input terminal of described first operational amplifier, and the negative input end of described first operational amplifier connects the
The outfan of one operational amplifier and one end of described 3rd resistor, the other end of described 3rd resistor connects described first modulus
The vin end of transducer, also by the first capacity earth, the gnd end of described first analog-digital converter and epad end are all grounded, described
The vdd end of the first analog-digital converter connects+a3.3v feeder ear, and the regcap end of described first analog-digital converter passes through described the
Two capacity earths, the sdo end of described first analog-digital converter, sclk end,End andEnd is all connected with described
Fpga module.
3. the thunder energy counting circuit based on fpga according to claim 2 is it is characterised in that described 2nd adc mould
Block includes the 4th resistance, the 5th resistance, the 6th resistance, the second operational amplifier, the 3rd electric capacity, the 4th electric capacity and the second modulus and turns
Parallel operation, one end of described 4th resistance connects described current transformer, and the other end of described 4th resistance passes through described 5th electricity
Resistance ground connection, also connects the positive input terminal of described second operational amplifier, and the negative input end of described second operational amplifier connects the
The outfan of two operational amplifiers and one end of described 6th resistance, the other end of described 6th resistance connects described second modulus
The vin end of transducer, also by the 3rd capacity earth, the gnd end of the second analog-digital converter and epad end described in analog-digital converter
All it is grounded, the vdd end of described second analog-digital converter connects+a3.3v feeder ear, the regcap end of described second analog-digital converter
By described 4th capacity earth, the sdo end of described second analog-digital converter, sclk end,End and cnovst end are all connected with institute
State fpga module.
4. the thunder energy counting circuit based on fpga according to claim 3 is it is characterised in that described fpga module bag
Include fpga chip, the 7th resistance, the 8th resistance, the 9th resistance, the tenth resistance and memorizer, the io_l62n_ of described fpga chip
D6_2 end connects described first analog-digital converterEnd, the io_l64n_d9_2 end of described fpga chip connects described first
The sdo end of analog-digital converter, the io_l64p_d8_2 end of described fpga chip connects the sclk end of described first analog-digital converter,
The io_l62p_d5_2 end of described fpga chip connects described first analog-digital converterEnd, described fpga chip
Io_l48n_rdwr_b_vref_2 end connect described second analog-digital converterEnd, the io_49n_ of described fpga chip
D4_2 end connects the sdo end of described second analog-digital converter, and the io_l49p_d3_2 end of described fpga chip connects described second
The sclk end of analog-digital converter, the io_l48p_d7_2 end of described fpga chip connects described second analog-digital converterEnd, the sck that described 7th resistance connects described memorizer is passed through at the io_l1p_cclk_2 end of described fpga chip
End, the io_l3p_d0_d1n_miso_miso1_2 end of described fpga chip connects the so/dq1 end of described memorizer, described
The io_l3n_mosi_csi_b_miso0_2 end of fpga chip connects the si/dq0 end of described memorizer, described fpga chip
Io_l12p_d1_miso2_2 end connects described memorizer/ dq2 end, connects+3.3v also by described 8th resistance and powers
End, the io_l12n_d2_miso3_2 end of described fpga chip connects the hold/dq3 end of described memorizer, also by described the
Nine resistance connect+3.3v feeder ear, described memorizerEnd connects+3.3v feeder ear by described tenth resistance, described deposits
The gnd end ground connection of reservoir.
5. the thunder energy counting circuit based on fpga according to claim 4 is it is characterised in that described first computing is put
The model of big device and the second operational amplifier is lmv358.
6. the thunder energy counting circuit based on fpga according to claim 4 is it is characterised in that described first modulus turns
The model of parallel operation and the second analog-digital converter is ad7091.
7. the thunder energy counting circuit based on fpga according to claim 4 is it is characterised in that described fpga chip
Model xc6slx9-2tqg144c.
8. the thunder energy counting circuit based on fpga according to claim 4 is it is characterised in that the type of described memorizer
Number be w25q64.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107219392A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-09-29 | 哈工大机器人（合肥）国际创新研究院 | A kind of real-time current signal-data processing system |
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