CN106367090A - Method for preparing bio-oil by catalyzing thermal cracking of blue-green algae under methanol atmosphere - Google Patents
Method for preparing bio-oil by catalyzing thermal cracking of blue-green algae under methanol atmosphere Download PDFInfo
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- CN106367090A CN106367090A CN201610959291.6A CN201610959291A CN106367090A CN 106367090 A CN106367090 A CN 106367090A CN 201610959291 A CN201610959291 A CN 201610959291A CN 106367090 A CN106367090 A CN 106367090A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/04—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general using charges of special composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/04—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general using charges of special composition
- C10B57/06—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general using charges of special composition containing additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/12—Applying additives during coking
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
- C10L2200/04—Organic compounds
- C10L2200/0461—Fractions defined by their origin
- C10L2200/0469—Renewables or materials of biological origin
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical fields of biomass energy and preparation thereof, and discloses a method for preparing bio-oil by catalyzing thermal cracking of blue-green algae under methanol atmosphere. According to the method, the blue-green algae serves as raw materials, molecule sieve loaded composite metal oxide serves as a catalyst, and methanol enters a fixed bed reactor along with carrier gas after being gasified to be reacted with the blue-green algae and the catalyst to prepare the bio-oil. The catalyst used by the method has the synergistic effect of the composite metal oxide and the molecule sieve, and the active solvent, namely the methanol, is added in inert carrier gas, so that the liquid yield can be effectively increased, the nitrogen content of the bio-oil can also be reduced, and the quality of the bio-oil is improved. Water-blooming cyanobacteria serves as the raw materials, so that the environmental pollution caused by water bloom is reduced, the resource utilization of the blue-green algae is realized, a feasible method is provided for preparation of algae bio-oil and the method has a wide application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that catalysis cyanophyceae thermal cracking prepares bio oil, particularly to one kind with molecular sieve carried
The method that metal composite oxide is catalyzed cyanophyceae thermal cracking preparing bio-oil for catalyst under methanol atmosphere, belongs to biomass energy
Source and its preparing technical field.
Background technology
In recent years, with the development of urbanization, the body eutrophication problem of China is increasingly serious, and bloom blue algae is not only tight
Heavily contaminated environment, also jeopardizes the drinking water safety of resident around water body and domestic animal.However, bloom blue algae also creates giving birth in a large number
Material, is available for biomass energy and develops and utilize.
The thermochemical study technology of existing multiple biomass in prior art, wherein thermal cracking is one kind method effectively.
There is the research of some correlations both at home and abroad to algae thermal cracking.The patent of Publication No. cn103789076a discloses a kind of cyanophyceae system
The method taking bio oil, the patent of Publication No. cn101659874a discloses a kind of work of preparing biological oil by thermally cracking Enteromorpha prolifera
Skill.However, due to the nitrogen content of algae higher (about 10%), by the bio oil of thermal cracking gained remain nitrogen content and
Oxygen content is high, calorific value is low, acid number is high, less stable the shortcomings of, its range of application is narrower.Therefore, how to obtain high-quality
Bio oil becomes a significant concern point of the actual utilization of biomass thermal cracking oil.
In the pyrolytic process of biomass, the use of catalyst can effectively improve the yield of bio oil and improve biological
The quality of oil.Zsm-5 molecular sieve due to having uniformly flourishing microcellular structure, highly acid and selective activization, in catalytic cracking
The oxygen content in bio oil can be made in solution to reduce and bio-oil components are played with certain adjustment effect.As publication number
The patent of cn101514295a discloses a kind of method of preparing bio-oil by catalytic pyrolysis of microalgae with high fat content by molecular sieve, with
Hzsm-5, mcm-48 or hy molecular sieve achieves the catalysis pyrolysis of microalgae as catalyst.Although the method improves bio oil
Quality, but molecular sieve easy carbon distribution inactivation, biological oily yield be not high.Additionally, solid base may be alternatively used for the catalysis of biomass
Thermal cracking.P ü t ü n (p ü t ü n e.energy.2010,35 (7): 2761-2766) finds, mgo makees catalyst and can significantly reduce life
Oxygen content in thing oil, increases the content of light hydrocarbons.Research shows, base catalyst can with catalysis methanol and nitro compound or
Nitrile-based compound carries out gas phase transfer hydrogenation, generates corresponding alcohol.Product cannot be reduced for existing catalytic pyrolysis technology
The problem of nitrogen element content in thing bio oil, the present invention is in thermal cracking processes with molecular sieve carried metal composite oxide for urging
Agent, using the alkalescence of area load solid base, during thermal cracking, catalysate bio oil and the gas phase of methanol shift
Hydrogenation reaction, reduces the nitrogen content of bio oil, increases the stability of bio oil.Utilize molecular sieve in thermal cracking processes simultaneously
Catalytic action, reduces the oxygen content of bio oil, adjusts the composition of bio oil further, obtains the bio oil of high-quality.
Content of the invention
Technical problem: it is an object of the invention to provide catalysis cyanophyceae thermal cracking preparing bio-oil under a kind of methanol atmosphere
Method, to solve the problems, such as that existing algae bio oily yield is high, quality is relatively low.
Technical scheme: the purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The method, with cyanophyceae as raw material, with molecular sieve carried metal composite oxide as catalyst, is entered in methanol atmosphere
Row catalytic pyrolysis, specifically include following steps:
Catalyst is mixed homogeneously with cyanophyceae powder, is packed in fixed bed, is passed through noble gases, with the intensification speed setting
After rate is warming up to given reaction temperature, the methanol of liquid air speed is passed through fixed bed with carrier gas after gasification, and when keeping reaction
Between, reaction stops heating after terminating and is passed through methanol, is continually fed into carrier gas until temperature of reactor is down to room temperature.The gas producing
Condensed device cooling collection obtains liquid, obtains product bio oil after being centrifuged.
Wherein:
Described cyanophyceae powder diameter is 0.124~0.9mm.
In described molecular sieve carried O composite metallic oxide catalyst, metal composite oxide is with brucite or houghite
For presoma, obtain after calcining;Described brucite or houghite are mg-al brucite, ni-al houghite, mg-ca-
One or more of al houghite, mg-ni-al houghite;Molecular sieve used is 25,38,50,100 for silica alumina ratio
Or 200 one of zsm-5;The mass loading rate of described brucite is 20%~70%.
Described catalyst is mixed with cyanophyceae powder, and the mass ratio of catalyst and cyanophyceae is 0.25:1~5:1;Described indifferent gas
Body is nitrogen or other noble gases.
Described reaction temperature is 450~650 DEG C, and heating rate is 5~30 DEG C/min, and the response time is 10~120min.
The liquid air speed of described methanol refers to the methanol liquid volume that the catalyst of unit mass is processed per hour, be 0.96~
1.92ml/(g·h).
Beneficial effect: the present invention compared with prior art, has the advantage that
1. the molecular sieve carried metal composite oxide that the present invention uses has the property of molecular sieve and solid base, energy simultaneously
Effectively improve the catalytic effect of catalyst, not easy in inactivation for average molecular sieve;It is applied to cyanophyceae catalytic pyrolysis, can be certain
Biological oily yield is improved on degree, reduces the nitrogen content of bio oil, improve the quality in bio oil.
2. the present invention adds active solvent methanol in atmosphere of inert gases, can suppress the generation of second pyrolysises reaction, subtract
Lack the generation of gaseous product and coke, methanol can increase the reforming reaction of bio oil simultaneously, reduce the nitrogen content in bio oil.
Specific embodiment
With cyanophyceae as raw material, with molecular sieve carried metal composite oxide as catalyst, it is catalyzed in methanol atmosphere
Thermal cracking, specifically includes following steps:
By the molecular sieve carried metal composite oxide of certain mass ratio and cyanophyceae powder (particle diameter is 0.124~
0.9mm) mix homogeneously, is packed in fixed bed, is passed through noble gases, is warming up to given reaction temperature with certain heating rate
After degree, the methanol of certain liquid air speed is passed through fixed bed with carrier gas after gasification, and keeps certain response time, after reaction terminates
Stop heating and be passed through methanol, be continually fed into carrier gas until temperature of reactor is down to room temperature.The gas condensed device cooling producing
Collection obtains liquid, obtains product bio oil after being centrifuged.
In the method for the present invention, in described molecular sieve carried O composite metallic oxide catalyst, metal composite oxide is with water
Talcum or houghite are presoma, obtain after calcining;Described brucite or houghite are mg-al brucite, ni-al class
One or more of brucite, mg-ca-al houghite, mg-ni-al houghite;Molecular sieve used for silica alumina ratio is
25th, one of 38,50,100,200 zsm-5;The mass loading rate of described brucite is 20%~70%.
In the method for the present invention, the mass ratio of described molecular sieve carried metal composite oxide and cyanophyceae is 0.25:1~5:
1;Described noble gases are nitrogen or other noble gases.
In the method for the present invention, described reaction temperature is 450~650 DEG C, and heating rate is 5~30 DEG C/min, during reaction
Between 10~120min.
In the method for the present invention, the liquid air speed of described methanol refers to the methanol solution that the catalyst of unit mass is processed per hour
Body volume, for 0.96~1.92ml/ (g h).
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is done and further explain.
The bloom blue algae salvaged for Taihu Lake by technical scheme, described cyanophyceae powder, after convection drying is pulverized,
Cross 20~120 the polished standard screens and filter out the powder that particle diameter is 0.124~0.9mm, in 60~105 DEG C of after drying.Preparation
The ground mistake of catalyst 40~100 the polished standard screen.
Embodiment 1
By zsm-5 (silica alumina ratio 25) load mg-al metal composite oxide and cyanophyceae for 1:1 for the mass ratio, (particle diameter is
0.3mm) load in fixed bed reactors after mix homogeneously, be passed through nitrogen, heated up with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min.Reach 550
DEG C when, methanol is pumped into carburator by the liquid air speed of 1.44ml/ (g h), through gasification after be passed through reactor with nitrogen, reaction
40min.Exit gas is cooled down by condenser, after the liquid that collection obtains is centrifuged moisture removal, that is, obtains bio oil.
After reaction terminates, stop heating and be passed through methanol, be continually fed into nitrogen until temperature of reactor is down to room temperature.The bio oil obtaining
Yield is 57.6%, and nitrogen content is 9.84%, and calorific value is 37.473mj/kg.
Embodiment 2
By zsm-5 (silica alumina ratio 100) load ni-al metal composite oxide and cyanophyceae for 5:1 for the mass ratio, (particle diameter is
0.3mm) load in fixed bed reactors after mix homogeneously, be passed through nitrogen, heated up with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min.Reach 550
DEG C when, methanol is pumped into carburator by the liquid air speed of 1.44ml/ (g h), through gasification after be passed through reactor with nitrogen, reaction
40min.Exit gas is cooled down by condenser, after the liquid that collection obtains is centrifuged moisture removal, that is, obtains bio oil.
After reaction terminates, stop heating and be passed through methanol, be continually fed into nitrogen until temperature of reactor is down to room temperature.The bio oil obtaining
Yield is 55.4%, and nitrogen content is 9.02%, and calorific value is 37.729mj/kg.
Embodiment 3
The zsm-5 (silica alumina ratio 100) for 5:1 for the mass ratio is loaded mg-ca-al metal composite oxide and cyanophyceae (particle diameter
For 0.124mm) load in fixed bed reactors after mix homogeneously, it is passed through nitrogen, heated up with the heating rate of 15 DEG C/min.Reach
When 600 DEG C, methanol is pumped into carburator by the liquid air speed of 1.68ml/ (g h), after gasification, be passed through reactor with nitrogen, reaction
30min.Exit gas is cooled down by condenser, after the liquid that collection obtains is centrifuged moisture removal, that is, obtains bio oil.
After reaction terminates, stop heating and be passed through methanol, be continually fed into nitrogen until temperature of reactor is down to room temperature.The bio oil obtaining
Yield is 58.9%, and nitrogen content is 8.85%, and calorific value is 38.191mj/kg.
Embodiment 4
By zsm-5 (silica alumina ratio 50) load mg-ni-al metal composite oxide and cyanophyceae for 2:1 for the mass ratio, (particle diameter is
0.9mm) load in fixed bed reactors after mix homogeneously, be passed through nitrogen, heated up with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min.Reach to 450
DEG C when, methanol is pumped into carburator by the liquid air speed of 1.2ml/ (g h), through gasification after be passed through reactor with nitrogen, reaction
45min.Exit gas is cooled down by condenser, after the liquid that collection obtains is centrifuged moisture removal, that is, obtains bio oil.
After reaction terminates, stop heating and be passed through methanol, be continually fed into nitrogen until temperature of reactor is down to room temperature.The bio oil obtaining
Yield is 56.1%, and nitrogen content is 9.32%, and calorific value is 37.256mj/kg.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention.All essences in the present invention
Any modification, equivalent and improvement made within god and principle etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. it is catalyzed the method for cyanophyceae thermal cracking preparing bio-oil under a kind of methanol atmosphere it is characterised in that with cyanophyceae as raw material, with
Molecular sieve carried metal composite oxide is catalyst, carries out catalytic pyrolysis in methanol atmosphere, specifically includes following steps:
Catalyst is mixed homogeneously with cyanophyceae powder, is packed in fixed bed, is passed through noble gases, with the heating rate liter setting
Temperature, to given reaction temperature, the methanol of liquid air speed is passed through fixed bed with carrier gas after gasification, and keeps the response time, instead
Should stop after terminating heating and be passed through methanol, be continually fed into carrier gas until temperature of reactor is down to room temperature.The gas producing is through cold
Condenser cooling collection obtains liquid, obtains product bio oil after being centrifuged.
2. under the methanol atmosphere according to right 1 requires be catalyzed cyanophyceae thermal cracking preparing bio-oil method it is characterised in that:
Described cyanophyceae powder diameter is 0.124~0.9mm.
3. under the methanol atmosphere according to right 1 requires be catalyzed cyanophyceae thermal cracking preparing bio-oil method it is characterised in that:
In described molecular sieve carried O composite metallic oxide catalyst, metal composite oxide is with brucite or houghite as presoma,
Obtain after calcining;Described brucite or houghite are mg-al brucite, ni-al houghite, mg-ca-al class neatly
One or more of stone, mg-ni-al houghite;Molecular sieve used for silica alumina ratio be 25,38,50,100 or 200
One of zsm-5;The mass loading rate of described brucite is 20%~70%.
4. under methanol atmosphere according to claim 1 be catalyzed cyanophyceae thermal cracking preparing bio-oil method it is characterised in that:
Described catalyst is mixed with cyanophyceae powder, and the mass ratio of catalyst and cyanophyceae is 0.25:1~5:1;Described noble gases are nitrogen
Or other noble gases.
5. under the methanol atmosphere according to right 1 requires be catalyzed cyanophyceae thermal cracking preparing bio-oil method it is characterised in that:
Described reaction temperature is 450~650 DEG C, and heating rate is 5~30 DEG C/min, and the response time is 10~120min.
6. under the methanol atmosphere according to right 1 requires be catalyzed cyanophyceae thermal cracking preparing bio-oil method it is characterised in that:
The liquid air speed of described methanol refers to the methanol liquid volume that the catalyst of unit mass is processed per hour, is 0.96~1.92ml/
(g·h).
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Cited By (1)
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CN109294631A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-02-01 | 厦门大学 | A kind of method of microalgae catalytic liquefaction preparation bio oil |
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