CN106352749B - A kind of method of tunnelling periphery hole homogeneous energy explosion - Google Patents
A kind of method of tunnelling periphery hole homogeneous energy explosion Download PDFInfo
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- CN106352749B CN106352749B CN201610978336.4A CN201610978336A CN106352749B CN 106352749 B CN106352749 B CN 106352749B CN 201610978336 A CN201610978336 A CN 201610978336A CN 106352749 B CN106352749 B CN 106352749B
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- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011799 hole material Substances 0.000 description 72
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002984 plastic foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method of tunnelling periphery hole homogeneous energy explosion, periphery hole (6) is dug on the tunnel contour line of tunnel end country rock (1), it is alternately arranged from inside to outside according to explosive (4), bradyseism material (3) in each periphery hole (6), the explosive (4) in adjacent peripheral hole (6) is distributed in triangle disposition；Detonator (5) is with explosive (4) step-by-step arrangement, the hole wall of the detonator (9) of detonator (5) peripherally hole (6) is led to outside hole, the aperture of periphery hole (6) is blocked with stemming (2), detonated according still further to the initiation net line of design.The inventive method is symmetrical by the gentle blanket (3) of explosive (4), so that Energy distribution is more uniform, explosive energy utilization rate is improved, preferably controls drift section profile, the generation of out break phenomenon is avoided, reduces roadway support cost；Equally distributed explosive energy can make it that blast fragmentation size is uniform simultaneously, significantly improve demolition effect, improve the shovel dress efficiency after explosion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of tunnelling periphery hole explosion, enter suitable for underground mine tunnelling, stope
The operation such as road formula exploitation and Tunnel Blasting driving, can make explosive energy be evenly distributed, improve explosive energy utilization rate, be formed
Smooth tunnel contoured surface, adjoining rock stability is preferably safeguarded, improve construction operation safety.
Background technology
In underground passage sinking and blasting, periphery hole is mainly cross-section shape of roadway, size and profile after controlled blasting, is made
Meet design requirement.In traditional blasting technique, because periphery hole charge constitution is unreasonable, explosive skewness is right
Surrounding rock failure degree is big so that backbreaks, owes to dig that phenomenon is extremely serious, and laneway molding after explosion is poor, section is irregular, adds
Surrounding rock supporting cost after explosion, while it is unfavorable for tunnelling safety.Although smooth Surface Blasting Technology can improve tunnel surface
Flatness, but its blasting cost is high, and tunnelling is uneconomical.
In order that laneway molding is more nearly design profile line, rock-gangway bomb-dug photoface exploision Forming Quality is improved,《Silicon Valley》
In " simple analysis of the broken charge smooth Surface Blasting Technology " text delivered on October 8th, 2014 (the 19th phase in 2014), use
Air column charge explosion technology, is that the charge constitution form for setting one section of air column is stayed between blasthole sealing clay and explosive, is
One kind of Discontinuous charge is spaced, corresponding is continuous charging structure.Air column charge explosion technology enables to week
Hole wall bears the quasi-static pressure effect of long period during the eye explosion of side, extends action time, finally makes palisades uniform force,
Reduce crushed zone scope, control laneway molding, improve periphery hole eye trace rate, the quick-fried molding effect of light is preferable, reduces tunnel
The amount of backbreaking and whitewashing amount；Rock integrity is protected, enhances country rock compression strength, then coordinates existing supporting means, can be with
Improve the supporting effect in deep tunnel and soft-rock tunnel.But the length of the technology air column is difficult to accurately control, and powder charge
Process is complicated, and manual workload is big, and during periphery hole powder charge, water stemming material is sent into 300mm in hole, and it is motionless to hold lace cord on the other hand,
Eyelet is sealed in fact with clay stemming again on the other hand, to ensure sealing clay length 300mm, is not suitable for industrially large-scale application.
The content of the invention
In order to preferably control drift section profile, out break phenomenon is avoided, reduces roadway support cost, improves enterprise's warp
Ji benefit, the present invention provide a kind of method of tunnelling periphery hole homogeneous energy explosion, both can be true using this method explosion
The flatness in tunnel after guarantor's periphery hole explosion so that tunnel contour line meets design requirement, and and can enough effectively safeguards the steady of country rock
It is fixed, reduce support reinforcement cost.
To realize the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, a kind of method of tunnelling periphery hole homogeneous energy explosion of the present invention passes through
Following technical scheme is realized：
A kind of method of tunnelling periphery hole homogeneous energy explosion of the present invention, takes turns in the tunnel of tunnel end country rock first
On profile, periphery hole is dug according to the Hole pattern parameters of design, then from inside to outside according to explosive, bradyseism material in each periphery hole
Material or bradyseism material, explosive are alternately arranged, and the explosive in adjacent peripheral hole is distributed in triangle disposition, the bradyseism in adjacent peripheral hole
Material is also distributed in triangle disposition, realizes that the segmentation of the gentle blanket of explosive is arranged symmetrically, is allowed to deploy to be distributed along drift section
Circulation or " rock-bradyseism material-rock-explosive-rock for " rock-explosive-rock-bradyseism material-rock "
The circulation of stone "；Because explosive eases up the symmetrical of blanket, the concentrations of explosive energy are avoided so that Energy distribution
More uniformly, explosive energy utilization rate is improved, reduces damage and failure of the blast action to country rock.Detonator is segmented cloth with explosive
Put, the detonator section in same periphery hole is not identical, and the hole wall in the detonator of detonator peripherally hole is led to outside hole；Explosive, detonator,
After hop count filling of the bradyseism material according to design, the aperture of periphery hole is blocked with stemming, with tamper gently by big gun
Mud is compacted；Detonated according still further to the initiation net line of design.
For general solid rock, a diameter of 38mm~42mm of described periphery hole, length 2.5m~3m, every section of bradyseism
Length of material 0.2m~0.3m, bradyseism material total length accounts for the 30%~35% of periphery hole total length in each periphery hole.It is described
Bradyseism material using density is low, porosity is high flexible material, such as plastic foam, saw foam, wood chip, the material will not be with explosive
React and influence demolition effect
The ratio of each section of explosive total length and each section of bradyseism material total length is 1 in each periphery hole:1, periphery hole, which is located at, to be set
Count on profile section, the pitch of holes in adjacent peripheral hole be 0.4m~0.6m, the spacing of periphery hole and inner ring via hole be 0.6m~
0.7m.Tunnelling section last week, lateral opening quantity, was flexibly controlled according to drift section size.Pass through adjacent shot hole
Triangle disposition is distributed charge constitution, the explosive cooperation with each other of adjacent shot hole, adjusts the distribution of energy, preferably controls
Drift section profile.
A kind of more excellent periphery hole charge constitution parameter of the method for tunnelling periphery hole homogeneous energy explosion of the present invention is：
A diameter of 39mm~41mm of described periphery hole, length 2.8m~3m, every section of bradyseism length of material 0.24m~0.26m, each
Bradyseism material total length accounts for the 32%~33% of periphery hole total length in periphery hole；In each periphery hole each section of explosive total length with
The ratio of each section of bradyseism material total length is 1:1；The pitch of holes in adjacent peripheral hole is 0.45m~0.55m, and periphery hole aids in inner ring
The spacing in hole is 0.64m~0.68m.
After a kind of method of tunnelling periphery hole homogeneous energy explosion of the present invention uses above technical scheme, have following
Good effect：
(1) explosive in adjacent peripheral hole is distributed in triangle disposition, and the bradyseism material in adjacent peripheral hole is also in " product " word
Shape is distributed, and makes the symmetrical of the gentle blanket of explosive, avoids the concentrations of explosive energy, make explosion energy distribution more
Uniformly, improve explosive energy utilization rate, reduce damage and failure of the blast action to country rock, half cinclides trace rate up to 80% with
On, irregularity degree ensures tunnel flatness, preferably controls drift section profile, avoid out break phenomenon within 3cm
Occur, reduce roadway support cost；Equally distributed explosive energy can make it that blast fragmentation size is uniform simultaneously, reduce bulk
Rate, demolition effect is significantly improved, improve the dress efficiency of the shovel after explosion.
(2) interlaced arrangement of the bradyseism material in periphery hole and explosive, can both reduce explosion surge pressure, can prolong again
Long blasting agential time, explosive energy utilization rate is improved, improve rock breaking efficiency.Bradyseism material is using density is low, porosity is high
Flexible material, staggeredly it is spaced apart with explosive, explosion surge pressure can be reduced, blast action is effectively reduced and country rock is broken
It is bad, the safety and stability of country rock is safeguarded, reduces surrounding rock supporting reinforcement cost, operating personnel creates good operation bar for production
Part.
(3) the balanced explosive of a kind of method of tunnelling periphery hole homogeneous energy explosion of the present invention uses charge constitution
Energy distribution, Rock breaking quality is improved, blast fragmentation size is more uniform, helps to load and transports, and significantly improves shovel dress efficiency.Simultaneously
The charge constitution is easy to operate, safe and reliable, applied widely, application easy to spread, can create good economic benefit and
Social benefit.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the charge constitution vertical section that a kind of method of tunnelling periphery hole homogeneous energy explosion of the present invention uses
Figure；
Fig. 2 is the adjacent week for the charge constitution that a kind of method of tunnelling periphery hole homogeneous energy explosion of the present invention uses
Explosive triangle disposition distribution map between lateral opening；
Fig. 3 is the periphery hole of the invention used in drift section location map.
Reference：1- country rocks, 2- stemmings, 3- bradyseism materials, 4- explosives, 5- detonators, 6- periphery holes, 7- tunnels profile
Line, 8- tunnels, 9- detonators.
Embodiment
Preferably to describe the present invention, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to a kind of tunnelling periphery hole homogeneous energy explosion of the present invention
Method be described in further detail.
The periphery hole that the present invention as shown in Figure 3 uses finds out in drift section location map and with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, this
A kind of method of tunnelling periphery hole homogeneous energy explosion is invented, first on the tunnel contour line 7 of the end country rock 1 of tunnel 8,
Periphery hole 6, a diameter of 38mm~42mm of periphery hole 6, length 2.5m~3m, every section of bradyseism are dug according to the Hole pattern parameters of design
Length 0.2m~the 0.3m of material 3.After drilling parameter has checked, then in each periphery hole 6 from inside to outside according to explosive 4,
Bradyseism material 3 or bradyseism material 3, explosive 4 are alternately arranged, and the explosive 4 in adjacent peripheral hole 6 is distributed in triangle disposition, adjacent week
Bradyseism material 3 in lateral opening 6 is also distributed in triangle disposition, is allowed to be distributed as " rock-explosive-rock along drift section expansion
The circulation of stone-bradyseism material-rock " or the circulation of " rock-bradyseism material-rock-explosive-rock "；Each periphery
The total length of bradyseism material 3 accounts for the 30%~35% of the total length of periphery hole 6 in hole 6；Each section of total length of explosive 4 in each periphery hole 6
Ratio with each section of total length of bradyseism material 3 is 1:1；The pitch of holes in adjacent peripheral hole 6 is 0.4m~0.6m, periphery hole 6 and inner ring
The spacing of via hole is 0.6m~0.7m.According to design length, segmentation explosive 4 blanket 3 that eases up is processed at the scene, to carry
High loading rate.Detonator 5 is with the step-by-step arrangement of explosive 4, and the detonator section in same periphery hole 6 is not identical, the edge of detonator 9 of detonator 5
The hole wall for periphery hole 6 is led to outside hole；After the hop count filling of explosive 4, detonator 5, bradyseism material 3 according to design, with stemming 2
The aperture of periphery hole 6 is blocked, is gently compacted stemming 2 with tamper, prevents that stemming 2 is hanging, it is not tight to block；According still further to setting
The initiation net line detonation of meter.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method of tunnelling periphery hole homogeneous energy explosion, first the tunnel profile in tunnel (8) end country rock (1)
On line (7), periphery hole (6) is dug according to the Hole pattern parameters of design, it is characterised in that：In each periphery hole (6) from inside to outside
It is alternately arranged according to explosive (4), bradyseism material (3) or bradyseism material (3), explosive (4), the explosive (4) in adjacent peripheral hole (6)
It is distributed in triangle disposition, the bradyseism material (3) in adjacent peripheral hole (6) is also distributed in triangle disposition, so as to along drift section exhibition
Open the circulation for being distributed as " rock-explosive-rock-bradyseism material-rock " or " rock-bradyseism material-rock-is fried
The circulation of medicine-rock "；Detonator (5) is with explosive (4) step-by-step arrangement, and the detonator section in same periphery hole (6) is not identical, detonator
(5) hole wall of detonator (9) peripherally hole (6) is led to outside hole；Explosive (4), detonator (5), bradyseism material (3) are according to design
Hop count filling after, the aperture of periphery hole (6) is blocked with stemming (2), with tamper gently by stemming (2) be compacted；
Detonated according still further to the initiation net line of design.
A kind of 2. method of tunnelling periphery hole homogeneous energy explosion as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described
A diameter of 38mm~42mm of periphery hole (6), length 2.5m~3m, every section of bradyseism material (3) length 0.2m~0.3m, Mei Gezhou
Bradyseism material (3) total length accounts for the 30%~35% of periphery hole (6) total length in lateral opening (6).
A kind of 3. method of tunnelling periphery hole homogeneous energy explosion as described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：
The ratio of each section of explosive (4) total length and each section of bradyseism material (3) total length is 1 in each periphery hole (6):1.
A kind of 4. method of tunnelling periphery hole homogeneous energy explosion as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Phase
The pitch of holes of adjacent periphery hole (6) is 0.4m~0.6m, and the spacing of periphery hole (6) and inner ring via hole is 0.6m~0.7m.
A kind of 5. method of tunnelling periphery hole homogeneous energy explosion as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described
A diameter of 38mm~42mm of periphery hole (6), length 2.5m~3m, every section of bradyseism material (3) length 0.2m~0.3m, Mei Gezhou
Bradyseism material (3) total length accounts for the 30%~35% of periphery hole (6) total length in lateral opening (6)；Fried for each section in each periphery hole (6)
The ratio of medicine (4) total length and each section of bradyseism material (3) total length is 1:1；The pitch of holes in adjacent peripheral hole (6) be 0.4m~
0.6m, the spacing of periphery hole (6) and inner ring via hole is 0.6m~0.7m.
A kind of 6. method of tunnelling periphery hole homogeneous energy explosion as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：Described
A diameter of 39mm~41mm of periphery hole (6), length 2.8m~3m, every section of bradyseism material (3) length 0.24m~0.26m, each
Bradyseism material (3) total length accounts for the 32%~33% of periphery hole (6) total length in periphery hole (6)；Between the hole in adjacent peripheral hole (6)
Away from for 0.45m~0.55m, the spacing of periphery hole (6) and inner ring via hole is 0.64m~0.68m.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610978336.4A CN106352749B (en) | 2016-11-08 | 2016-11-08 | A kind of method of tunnelling periphery hole homogeneous energy explosion |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610978336.4A CN106352749B (en) | 2016-11-08 | 2016-11-08 | A kind of method of tunnelling periphery hole homogeneous energy explosion |
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| CN106352749B true CN106352749B (en) | 2017-12-01 |
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| CN107798985A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-03-13 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of tunnel blasting demonstration model for teaching |
| CN109798813B (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2020-07-17 | 中南大学 | Lateral ore-caving blast hole structure and lateral ore-caving method |
| CN113776399A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-12-10 | 首钢集团有限公司 | Joint development point smooth blasting charge structure and explosive arrangement method |
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| KR970007384B1 (en) * | 1994-07-13 | 1997-05-08 | Sunkyong Const Co | Method for excavating a working face |
| KR0146411B1 (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1998-10-15 | 이정우 | Rock blasting method |
| CN1434191A (en) * | 2002-01-25 | 2003-08-06 | 中国人民解放军工程兵第四十一旅 | Bore construction method by bore explosion |
| KR100416567B1 (en) * | 2002-12-03 | 2004-01-31 | 범진삼 | Special blasting method using artificial free face |
| CN204594356U (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-08-26 | 中交一公局厦门工程有限公司 | The quick spacing charge constitution of a kind of novel tunnel light blast hole |
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Address after: 243000 Xitang Road, Ma'anshan Economic Development Zone, Anhui, No. 666 Co-patentee after: MAANSHAN INSTITUTE OF MINING RESEARCH BLASTING ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: MAANSHAN Mine Research Institute Co.,Ltd. Address before: 243000 Xitang Road, Ma'anshan Economic Development Zone, Anhui, No. 666 Co-patentee before: MAANSHAN INSTITUTE OF MINING RESEARCH BLASTING ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: SINOSTEEL MAANSHAN INSTITUTE OF MINING RESEARCH Co.,Ltd. |