CN106329969A - Output voltage dynamic response optimization control applicable to Vienna rectifier - Google Patents

Output voltage dynamic response optimization control applicable to Vienna rectifier Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106329969A
CN106329969A CN201610825768.1A CN201610825768A CN106329969A CN 106329969 A CN106329969 A CN 106329969A CN 201610825768 A CN201610825768 A CN 201610825768A CN 106329969 A CN106329969 A CN 106329969A
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load
signal
output voltage
voltage
output
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CN106329969B (en
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任小永
陈旭东
陈乾宏
张之梁
童丹
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/219Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to output voltage dynamic response optimization control applicable to a Vienna rectifier, mainly comprising the steps of system electrical signal sampling, voltage error signal compensation, load jump judgment, load feed-forward compensation, current error compensation, and PWM drive signal generation. Through output voltage dynamic response optimization control, load feed-forward control is realized, and the dynamic response property of output voltage is optimized. According to the invention, the load current is sampled. When the fluctuation of load current is less than a preset fixed value, feed-forward compensation calculation is not performed, and the output voltage is regulated completely by a traditional voltage loop. When the load jumps, the traditional voltage loop is compensated through load jump judgment and feed-forward compensation calculation. Double-loop control in the traditional control strategy is maintained, and optimization of dynamic response of output voltage is realized effectively.

Description

It is applicable to the output voltage dynamic response optimal control of Vienna commutator
Technical field
The present invention relates to one be applicable to three-phase tri-level three and switch the output voltage dynamic response of (Vienna) commutator Optimal control method, belongs to field of conversion of electrical energy.
Background technology
Along with global environmental pollution is day by day serious and the energy is the most in short supply, the field such as electric automobile, many electricity aircrafts is flown Speed development, high-power charging and electrical equipment demand increase rapidly.Three-phase active power factor correction PWM rectifier is extensively applied In powerful device, for reducing the equipment harmonic pollution to electrical network.Wherein three-phase tri-level three switchs (Vienna) rectification Utensil has the advantage of high efficiency, low harmonic content, is widely used in each industrial circle.
Vienna commutator has multiple control modes, and the most traditional average mode control mode is also voltage x current dicyclo Control.Outer voltage is used for controlling output voltage stabilization, and the output signal of error compensator is multiplied with input voltage signal, as The reference signal of current inner loop;Current inner loop is used for controlling input current and quickly follows the tracks of grid voltage waveform, it is achieved power factor Correction.Generally current inner loop bandwidth Design obtains the highest, it is ensured that input current quickly follows the tracks of line voltage, and outer voltage bandwidth sets Count the slowest, often below power frequency, prevent outer voltage from current inner loop is produced High-frequency Interference, affect input current waveform.
Owing to voltage loop bandwidth is extremely low, when load jump, controller is difficult to quickly respond, in longer transient phases In, the imbalance of input and output instantaneous power is undertaken by output capacitance, causes output voltage to greatly deviate from reference value.Therefore when adding When the amplitude of load or unloading is the biggest, output voltage also there will be serious falling and cross punching, owing to Vienna commutator is generally made For the prime of powerful device, provide metastable bus DC voltage for rear class, and bus DC voltage transient state is significantly Fluctuation likely affects the normal work of rear class changer, it is therefore desirable to enter the output dynamic response characteristic of Vienna commutator Row optimizes.
Summary of the invention
The invention aims to realize the output voltage dynamic response optimization of Vienna commutator, solve load suddenly The problem that during saltus step, the serious mistake of output voltage is rushed or fallen.Due to Vienna commutator usually used as AC-DC power supply unit before Level, when loading unexpected saltus step, rushes if prime output voltage i.e. busbar voltage has seriously to cross or falls, may affect rear class Normal work.The invention provides a kind of digital control method by load feedforward compensation and solve output electricity during load jump Press the problem that serious mistake is rushed or fallen.
The present invention is implemented by below scheme:
A kind of output voltage dynamic response optimal control being applicable to Vienna commutator, this control method includes following step Suddenly;
1) digitial controller sampling three-phase input voltage signal ua、ubAnd uc, three-phase input current signal ia、ibAnd ic, defeated Go out voltage signal uoWith output current signal Io, Initialize installation output voltage reference value Uo *, steady load current signal Io1
2) output voltage reference value Uo *Deduct output voltage signal uoObtaining output voltage error signal, this output voltage is by mistake Difference signal, through Voltage loop proportional, integral compensator computing, obtains Voltage loop and compensates output signal vm0
3) by output current signal IoSend into load jump detector unit, load jump detection algorithm judge load jump In the moment, be " 1 " by load jump mark position;
4) when load jump mark position is " 1 ", load feedforward computing unit present load feedforward compensation letter is obtained Number, the output of Voltage loop proportional, integral compensator is reset;When load jump mark position is " 0 ", takes load feedforward last time and mend Repay signal as present load feedforward compensation signal;
5) Voltage loop is compensated output signal vm0It is added with present load feedforward compensation signal, obtains Voltage loop and finally export Signal vm
6) by step 5 gained Voltage loop final output signal vmWith three-phase input voltage sampled signal ua、ubAnd ucPhase respectively Take advantage of, obtain three-phase input current reference signal ia *、ib *And ic *
7) three-phase input current reference signal ia *、ib *And ic *Correspondence deducts each phase input current sampled signal ia、ibAnd ic, Obtaining each phase current error signal, each phase current error signal obtains three-phase through electric current loop proportional, integral compensator computing again Dutycycle;
8) by the pulse width modulation demodulator of three-phase dutycycle input digitial controller, obtain three-phase PWM and drive signal.
The design further of the present invention is:
Wherein, step 3) in the specifically comprising the following steps that of load jump detection algorithm
1) load jump flag bit resets;
2) above-mentioned output current signal I is obtainedo, with above-mentioned steady load current signal Io1Differ from, it is judged that the two difference Whether absolute value is more than predetermined threshold value Ihys
3) when more than predetermined threshold value IhysTime, it is " 1 " by load jump mark position, and output current signal is given negative Carry feedforward computing unit, by IoIt is assigned to Io1As new steady load current value, and by load steady state counter O reset;
When less than predetermined threshold value IhysTime, load steady state enumerator adds 1, until load steady state rolling counters forward is more than presetting After value, by IoIt is assigned to Io1As new steady load current value, and by load steady state counter O reset.
Wherein, step 3) in load steady state enumerator be used for counting, counting preset value represents the stable state when non-loaded saltus step Load current signal Io1Updating time interval, this time interval can be with value equal to 100 switch periods.
Wherein, step 4) in be calculated load feedforward compensation signal vffProcess as follows: be calculated as follows load feedforward:
v f f = 2 U o * · I o 3 U p 2 - - - ( 1 )
Wherein UpIt is input phase voltage peak value, Uo *It it is output voltage reference value.
Wherein, U is obtained by crest voltage sampling algorithmpProcess is as follows:
1) initializing variable UmaxIt is 0, as the u that the sampling of each switch periods obtainsaMore than UmaxTime, by uaIt is assigned to Umax, And timer conter is added 1;
2) step 1 is repeated), when timer conter gate time reaches 1 power frequency period, by UmaxIt is assigned to Up, and will Timer conter clear 0;
3) step 1 is repeated) and 2).
The hardware circuit topology of three-phase tri-level three switching rectifier mainly by power supply, six fast recovery diodes, three Individual boost inductance, three two-way power switch, two groups of output capacitances and load are constituted.
In the present invention, realized by feedforward compensation in the case of load jump about utilizing formula (1) that changer can be realized The foundation explanation that dynamic response optimizes:
(a). when changer is operated in stable state, input power factor is approximately equal to 1, and input voltage just becomes with input current Ratio, can set
uj=ij·Re (2)
Wherein j=a, b, c;
(b). according to control block diagram, during stable state, three-phase input current value and input voltage have following relation
ij=uj·vm (3)
(2) (3) simultaneous can be obtained
v m = 1 R e - - - ( 4 )
(c). according to the relation of input-output power balance, (5) (6) (7) can be derived by
P i = 3 2 U p · I = 3 U p 2 2 R e - - - ( 5 )
Po=Uo·Io (6)
R e = 3 U p 2 2 U o · I o - - - ( 7 )
(d). (7) substitution (4) can be obtained the expression formula of Voltage loop compensation result
V m = 2 U o · I o 3 U p 2 - - - ( 8 )
Therefore when load jump, to Voltage loop output carry out feedforward compensation, can with Accurate Prediction Voltage loop compensation result, Substantially reduce the transient process that Voltage loop controls, optimize output voltage dynamic response.
The present invention compared with prior art has the advantages that
1, optimal control method of the present invention mainly includes that the sampling of each electric signal, voltage error compensator, load jump are sentenced Determine, load feedforward compensation calculating, current error compensator and the generation of pwm signal, it is achieved the load feedforward, optimize and export Voltage dynamic response characteristic.
2, load current is sampled by the present invention, when the fluctuation of load keeps relative stability less than the fixed value preset, Not carrying out feedforward compensation calculating, output voltage is adjusted by conventional voltage ring completely;When load jump, jumped by load Become and judge and feedforward compensation calculating, conventional voltage ring is compensated, maintains the double-loop control in Traditional control strategy, and have Effect achieves the optimization of output voltage dynamic response.
3, the present invention not only achieves output voltage dynamic response optimization, and it is double to maintain conventional voltage electric current under stable state Ring controls, and not affects stable state input current waveform, it is adaptable to Vienna commutator.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1-1 is the Vienna rectifier circuit schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 1-2 is the control strategy block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the load jump detection algorithm flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is TMS320F2808 digitial controller control flow chart;
Fig. 4-1~Fig. 4-4 is the experimental waveform comparison diagram using 3kW Vienna model machine to verify effect of the present invention,
Wherein Fig. 4-1 and Fig. 4-2 is the loading and unloading oscillogram of conventional voltage double current loop modulation strategy respectively;
Fig. 4-3 and 4-4 is the loading and unloading oscillogram using control method of the present invention respectively.
Primary symbols title in above-mentioned figure: j=a, b, c;ua, ub, ucChanger three-phase input voltage;La, Lb, Lc— Changer three-phase input inductance;ia, ib, icChanger three pole reactor electric current;Sa, Sb, ScChanger threephase switch unit; IoLoad current;uoOutput voltage;RLLoad resistance;RsLoad current sampling resistor;Uo *Output voltage reference Value;UpInput voltage peak value;vffPresent load feedforward compensation signal;vm0Voltage loop PI compensates signal;vmVoltage loop Finally compensate signal;PWMjThree-phase PWM drives signal;IhysLoad jump threshold value.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment one:
Fig. 1-1 is the control strategy block diagram of the present invention, the hardware circuit topology such as Fig. 1-2 of Vienna commutator of the present invention, Mainly by power supply, six fast recovery diodes, three boost inductances, three two-way power switch, two groups of output capacitances and Load is constituted, and is also configured with DSP digitial controller.
Fig. 2 show control strategy block diagram and the load jump detection algorithm of the present invention, converter switches frequency in this example Being 250kHz with controller sample frequency, this example is applicable to input voltage three-phase equilibrium situation, for input voltage three-phase Uneven situation can use existing method to be controlled.
The load jump detection algorithm flow process of the present invention is as follows:
1) first DSP digitial controller sampling three-phase input voltage signal ua、ubAnd uc, three-phase input current signal ia、ib And ic, output voltage signal uo, output current signal Io, Initialize installation output voltage reference value Uo *For output voltage control mesh Scale value, steady load current signal Io1It is 0.
2) output voltage reference value Uo *Deduct output voltage signal uoObtaining output voltage error signal, this output voltage is by mistake Difference signal, through proportional, integral compensator computing, obtains Voltage loop and compensates output signal vm0
3) by predetermined threshold value I in this examplehysBeing set to the 5% of fully loaded lower load current, stable state enumerator preset value is 100. As output current signal IoWith steady load current signal Io1The absolute value of difference is less than IhysTime, load steady state enumerator adds 1, Until stable state rolling counters forward is more than after preset value 100, by IoIt is assigned to Io1As new steady load current signal.Therefore when negative Carry and transitional states when current fluctuation is less than be fully loaded with lower load current 5%, will not be judged as, and this control algolithm is without negative Still steady load current signal can once be updated every 100 switch periods in the case of carrying saltus step, so can avoid bearing Carry transition detection to respond the low frequency wavelet exporting electric current is dynamic.This predetermined threshold value IhysAnd enumerator preset value also dependent on It is actually needed and is modified.
As output current signal IoWith steady load current signal Io1The absolute value of difference is more than predetermined threshold value IhysTime, negative Carrying saltus step mark position is 1, i.e. when load current transient changing value exceedes the 5% of fully loaded lower load current, it is determined that for load Transitional states.Load current sampled value is given load feedforward computing unit simultaneously,
And by IoIt is assigned to Io1As new steady load current signal, then by load steady state counter O reset.
4) when load jump flag bit is 1, carry out load feedforward and calculate:
v f f = 2 U o * · I o 3 U p 2 - - - ( 9 )
Wherein UpIt is input phase voltage peak value, Uo *It it is output voltage reference value.
U is obtained by crest voltage sampling algorithmpProcess is as follows:
1) initializing variable UmaxIt is 0, as the u that the sampling of each switch periods obtainsaMore than UmaxTime, by uaIt is assigned to Umax, And timer conter is added 1;
2) step 1 is repeated), when the timer count time reaches 1 power frequency period, by UmaxIt is assigned to Up, and will timing Counter O reset;
3) step 1 is repeated) and 2).
Embodiment two:
The output voltage dynamic response optimal control method of Vienna commutator of the present invention is as follows:
The hardware circuit topology such as Fig. 1-1 of Vienna commutator, this example is applicable to input voltage three-phase equilibrium situation.
The present invention uses the control process of DSP digitial controller (TMS320F2808) as shown in Figure 3:
1) the ADC sampling module of DSP digitial controller and ePWM module initialization, and Initialize installation output voltage reference Value Uo *For output voltage control desired value, astable output electrical current signal is 0, three-phase dutycycle da=0, db=0, dc=0.
2) DSP digitial controller enters ADC interrupt routine, carries out ADC sampling, gathers three-phase input voltage signal ua、ubWith uc, three-phase input current signal ia、ibAnd ic, output voltage signal uo, output current signal Io
3) Voltage loop proportional, integral compensation operation is carried out:
vm0=v 'm0+Kp_u·(erruo-err′uo)+Ki_u·erruo (10)
Wherein Kp_u, Ki_uIt is the proportionality coefficient of Voltage loop PI compensator, integral coefficient respectively, can be taken by experiment trial and error procedure Value, erruoIt is the error of this cycle output voltage values and output voltage reference value, err 'uoPrevious cycle output voltage values with The error of output voltage reference value, vm0It is this cycle Voltage loop PI compensator result of calculation, v 'm0It it is previous cycle Voltage loop PI Compensator result of calculation.
4) performing load jump detection algorithm, when load jump being detected, load jump flag bit is " 1 ".
When load jump flag bit is " 1 ", Voltage loop proportional, integral compensation operation result resets at once, and before carrying out Feedback compensation calculation obtains present load feedforward compensation signal vff:
v f f = 2 U o * · I o 3 U p 2 - - - ( 11 )
Voltage loop proportional, integral compensation operation result (being this moment 0) is added with present load feedforward compensation signal, as Final calculation result v of Voltage loop compensatorm
When load jump flag bit is " 0 ", took last time (or upper moment) calculated load feedforward compensation signal As present load feedforward compensation signal vff;Voltage loop proportional, integral compensation operation result is believed with present load feedforward compensation Number vffIt is added, as final calculation result v of Voltage loop compensatorm
5) by Voltage loop compensator final calculation result vmRespectively with three-phase input voltage signal ua、ubAnd ucIt is multiplied, obtains Three-phase current reference value ia *、ib *And ic *, carry out three-phase current chain rate example-integral compensation computing the most respectively:
vdj=v 'dj+Kp_i·(errij-err′ij)+Ki_u·errij (11)
Wherein j=a, b, c, Kp_i, Ki_iIt is proportionality coefficient and the integral coefficient of electric current loop PI compensator respectively, can be by real Test trial and error procedure value, errijIt is the error of this cycle j phase current values and j phase current values reference value, err 'ijIt it is previous cycle j phase Current value and the error of j phase current values reference value, vdjIt is this cycle j phase current ring PI compensator result of calculation, v 'djIt is previous Cycle j phase current ring PI compensator result of calculation.
6) by three-phase current ring compensation calculation result vdjSend in the ePWM module of DSP digitial controller, obtain three-phase PWM Drive signal PWMj, thus realize loading Front feedback control strategy, conventional voltage double current loop modulation under keeping stable state Meanwhile, output voltage dynamic response characteristic is optimized.
7) step 2 is repeated)~6)
Test case:
Test condition: input three-phase line voltage 165V/50Hz, uses Chroma 61512 three-phase Programmable AC Power Source to enter Row power supply;Output voltage 360V, load uses high-power resistor box, specified peak power output 3kW;Test scope model is Tyke MDO3014.
The hardware circuit parameter of three-phase tri-level three switching rectifier is as follows: each 90 μ H of three-phase voltage increasing inductance, on outlet side Lower 2 groups of bus capacitors are made up of 3 450V/150 μ F alminium electrolytic condenser parallel connections respectively, and commutation diode model is BYC10D- 600, power switch pipe selects MOSFET model to be IRFB4137PbF, switching frequency 250kHz.
Fig. 4-1~Fig. 4-4 is to use 3kW three-phase tri-level three to switch Vienna commutator to verify the experiment of effect of the present invention Comparison of wave shape figure.
Loading and unloading waveform when wherein Fig. 4-1 and Fig. 4-2 is to use conventional voltage double current loop modulation strategy respectively Figure, now load feedforward compensation signal is equal to 0;
Fig. 4-3 and 4-4 is the loading and unloading oscillogram using control method of the present invention respectively, at traditional voltage x current Add load feedforward compensation signal on the basis of double-loop control Voltage loop is compensated.
From graphic correlation it can be seen that before the control method using the present invention, load when 2.1kW jumps to 3kW, Output voltage falls value and reaches 60V;Load is when 3kW jumps to 2.1kW, and output voltage overshoot value reaches 70V.Using this After bright control method, falling and crossing punching almost 0 of output voltage, become after may certify that the control method using the present invention The output dynamic response of parallel operation is greatly optimized, and can effectively solve the Vienna rectifier output voltage that load jump causes Cross and rush or fall.Simultaneously it can be seen that use the control method of the present invention there is no any shadow to input current waveform from figure Ring.

Claims (6)

1. being applicable to an output voltage dynamic response optimal control for Vienna commutator, this control method includes following step Suddenly;
1) digitial controller sampling three-phase input voltage signal ua、ubAnd uc, three-phase input current signal ia、ibAnd ic, output electricity Pressure signal uoWith output current signal Io, Initialize installation output voltage reference value Uo *, steady load current signal Io1
2) output voltage reference value Uo *Deduct output voltage signal uoObtaining output voltage error signal, this output voltage error is believed Number through Voltage loop proportional, integral compensator computing, obtain Voltage loop and compensate output signal vm0
3) by output current signal IoSend into load jump detector unit, load jump detection algorithm judge the load jump moment, It is " 1 " by load jump mark position;
4) when load jump mark position is " 1 ", load feedforward computing unit present load feedforward compensation signal is obtained, will The output of Voltage loop proportional, integral compensator resets;When load jump mark position is " 0 ", takes and loaded feedforward compensation letter last time Number as present load feedforward compensation signal;
5) Voltage loop is compensated output signal vm0It is added with present load feedforward compensation signal, obtains Voltage loop final output signal vm
6) by step 5 gained Voltage loop final output signal vmWith three-phase input voltage sampled signal ua、ubAnd ucIt is multiplied respectively, To three-phase input current reference signal ia *、ib *And ic *
7) three-phase input current reference signal ia *、ib *And ic *Correspondence deducts each phase input current sampled signal ia、ibAnd ic, obtain Each phase current error signal, each phase current error signal obtains three-phase duty through electric current loop proportional, integral compensator computing again Ratio;
8) by the pulse width modulation demodulator of three-phase dutycycle input digitial controller, obtain three-phase PWM and drive signal.
It is applicable to the output voltage dynamic response optimal control of Vienna commutator, wherein, step the most according to claim 1 3) in, load jump detection algorithm specifically comprises the following steps that
1) load jump flag bit resets;
2) above-mentioned output current signal I is obtainedo, with above-mentioned steady load current signal Io1Differ from, it is judged that the two difference absolute Whether value is more than predetermined threshold value Ihys
3) when more than predetermined threshold value IhysTime, it is " 1 " by load jump mark position, and before giving load by output current signal Feedback computing unit, by IoIt is assigned to Io1As new steady load current value, and by load steady state counter O reset;
When less than predetermined threshold value IhysTime, load steady state enumerator adds 1, until after load steady state rolling counters forward is more than preset value, By IoIt is assigned to Io1As new steady load current value, and by load steady state counter O reset.
It is applicable to the output voltage dynamic response optimal control of Vienna commutator, wherein, step the most according to claim 2 3) in, load steady state enumerator is used for counting, and counting preset value represents the steady load current signal I when non-loaded saltus stepo1Update Time interval, this time interval can be with value equal to 100 switch periods.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is applicable to the output voltage dynamic response optimal control of Vienna commutator, its In, step 4) in be calculated load feedforward compensation signal vffProcess as follows: be calculated as follows load feedforward:
v f f = 2 U o * · I o 3 U p 2 - - - ( 1 )
Wherein UpIt is input phase voltage peak value, Uo *It it is output voltage reference value.
It is applicable to the output voltage dynamic response optimal control of Vienna commutator the most according to claim 4, wherein, passes through Crest voltage sampling algorithm obtains UpProcess is as follows:
1) initializing variable UmaxIt is 0, as the u that the sampling of each switch periods obtainsaMore than UmaxTime, by uaIt is assigned to Umax, and will Timer conter adds 1;
2) step 1 is repeated), when timer conter gate time reaches 1 power frequency period, by UmaxIt is assigned to Up, and will timing Enumerator clear 0;
3) step 1 is repeated) and 2).
It is applicable to the output voltage dynamic response optimal control of Vienna commutator the most according to claim 1, wherein, The hardware circuit topology of Vienna commutator mainly by power supply, six fast recovery diodes, three boost inductances, three two-way Power switch, two groups of output capacitances and load are constituted.
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CN110266203A (en) * 2019-06-26 2019-09-20 扬州大学 A kind of VIENNA rectifier monocycle control method for eliminating frequency tripling pulsation
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CN111934531A (en) * 2020-07-10 2020-11-13 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 Three-phase neutral-line-free power factor correction circuit based on server data center
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CN113472223A (en) * 2021-06-29 2021-10-01 南京航空航天大学 Control method of Vienna rectifier under power grid imbalance
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