CN106305389B

CN106305389B - Degradable phyllostachys pubescens ecological felt and rapid propagation lawn forming method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN106305389B
Application number: CN201610706277.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘金祥; 邹碧美; 吴捷
Original assignee: Lingnan Normal University
Current assignee: Lingnan Normal University
Priority date: 2016-08-23
Filing date: 2016-08-23
Publication date: 2020-01-10
Anticipated expiration: 2036-08-23
Also published as: CN106305389A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological greening, and particularly discloses a degradable phyllostachys pubescens ecological felt which sequentially comprises a substrate layer, a matrix layer A, a stem section layer, an organic substance layer and a matrix layer B from bottom to top; the matrix layers A and B are biodegradable matrix nutrient layers; the stem segment layer is used for placing the Phyllostachys pubescens stem segments. The invention also provides a method for rapidly propagating the degradable phyllostachys pubescens ecological felt into lawn, which comprises the step of placing the phyllostachys pubescens stem sections on the stem section layer of the phyllostachys pubescens ecological felt, wherein the stem age of the phyllostachys pubescens is 9 months, and the stem sections are 5-7 sections. The ecological felt provided by the invention is a reelable and degradable carpet type greening ecological felt, and is particularly suitable for roof construction and planting in tropical and subtropical regions. The method has the advantages that the lawn is directly sown on the ecological felt without soil, the stress resistance and the growth rate of the brocade bamboo grass can be improved by combining the stem age and the stem node of the brocade bamboo grass, so that the brocade bamboo grass grows quickly, the greening effect is good, the planting is simple and convenient, the greening and lawn forming are quick, and the cost is low.

Description

Degradable phyllostachys pubescens ecological felt and rapid propagation lawn forming method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological greening, and particularly relates to a degradable phyllostachys pubescens ecological felt and a rapid propagation and lawn-forming method thereof.

Background

At present, in urban landscaping or artificial lawns in China, sedum plants such as sedum lineare and sedum sarmentosum are mainly used, and the traditional method is to plant seeds of flowers and grass in soil, transfer the seeds to places needing greening such as roofs after cultivation and nursing, and consume a large amount of manpower and material resources.

But the planted soil matrix can not be degraded, and load pressure is brought to the roof. And when the seeds are used for cultivating grass seedlings, the large land area is occupied, and soil is continuously taken away during transplanting, so that the soil of the original planting field is reduced, the fertility is reduced, and the ecology is damaged.

Therefore, it is of great significance to find a greening method which is faster, simpler, more economical, more environment-friendly and more efficient.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a degradable phyllostachys pubescens ecological felt and a rapid propagation lawn forming method thereof according to the defects in the prior art.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a degradable brocade bamboo grass ecological felt which sequentially comprises a basal layer, a matrix layer A, a stem section layer, an organic substance layer and a matrix layer B from bottom to top;

the matrix layers A and B are biodegradable matrix nutrient layers;

the stem segment layer is used for placing the Phyllostachys pubescens stem segments.

The substrate layer provided by the invention is made of easily available crop straw fibers, is low in cost and degradable, and can replace a traditional plastic tray carrier. Simultaneously, the ecological felt can have the effect of separating with roof stereoplasm ground, is favorable to the growth of plant roots, can also provide nutritive substance for the plant after the degradation, reaches resource maximum utilization, environmental protection.

Preferably, the amount of the surfactant is, in weight percent,

base layer 5 ~ 10%

Matrix layer A20 ~ 40%

Stem layer 15 ~ 25%

Organic layer 5 ~ 15%

Matrix layer B5 ~ 15%.

Preferably, the base layer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:

95% of fibers 95 ~ 99%;

plasticizer silica gel 1 ~ 5%;

the fiber comprises one or more of coconut shell fiber, hemp fiber and rice straw fiber. The fiber can be prepared by performing physical and chemical treatment and then pressing and bonding according to the existing method, and has certain toughness and tensile strength.

Preferably, the substrate layer A comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:

30 portions of single or combined dead branches, dead leaves, sawdust, barks and sugarcanes

10 ~ 20% of single or combined corn flour, cassava flour and soybean flour

10-15% of water.

Preferably, the substrate layer a further comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:

2 ~ 8% of water-retaining agent, 3 ~ 10% of plasticizer silica gel, 4 ~ 8% of starch ester starch octenyl succinate, 4 ~ 8% of amylase, 4 ~ 8% of cellulase, 5 ~ 10% of synthetic polymer polyurethane rubber, 2 ~ 10% of agarose, 2 ~ 3% of pesticide, 2 ~ 3% of bactericide and 3 ~ 5% of plant growth regulator.

The substrate layer A is biodegradable substrate nutrient, and is made up by using mechanically-pulverized material of withered branches and leaves, wood dust, bark and corn flour, etc. and water, synthetic polymer, plasticizer and enzyme through the processes of heating and pressurizing to form uniform hot melt body, cooling substrate block and soaking, and adding fungicide, pesticide and plant growth regulator.

Preferably, the substrate layer A is provided with a groove for accommodating the seed of the humifuse euphorbia herb.

Preferably, the grooves of the substrate layer A are in the shape of transverse strips parallel to each other and are distributed at intervals of 1cm (a required position is reserved for sewing). The width of each groove is 3cm, and the depth is 1.5-2.5 cm.

The matrix layer A is degradable, can replace the traditional soil matrix, and simultaneously reduces the load pressure of the roof, and has rich raw material sources, environmental protection and low cost. The substrate layer A is provided with a groove for loading grass, thereby saving time and labor and improving the greening efficiency. The grooves are spaced apart to allow space for plant growth.

Preferably, the organic matter layer comprises mechanically pulverized materials of rice straw, corn stalk, dead branches and dead leaves, bark, bagasse singly or in combination. The organic matter is used for covering the humifuse euphorbia herb in the groove, and the space for filling or filling the groove of the substrate layer A (namely the groove space occupied by the humifuse euphorbia herb is removed) is taken as the upper limit.

The organic layer replaces the traditional soil covering method. Only the groove of the substrate layer A is filled, and the brocade bamboo grass in each groove is covered. Not only can assist in fixing the Phyllostachys pubescens in the groove, but also can replace soil to maintain the activity of the Phyllostachys pubescens. Compared with soil, the soil has good air permeability, light weight, more organic nutrition and environmental protection.

Preferably, the substrate layer B is also provided with a groove, the width of the groove is 10cm, and the depth of the groove is 1 cm. The groove of the substrate layer B is not loaded with the Parthenocissus tricuspidata bamboo grass, and is designed for beauty, so that different texture patterns can be flexibly formed. After the ecological felt is laid on the roof and watered, the substrate layer B with the groove on the uppermost layer is gradually dissolved to slowly provide nutrition.

Preferably, the layers of the brocade bamboo grass ecological felt are connected through pressing and are sewn through fiber threads, so that the rollable degradable ecological felt with certain elasticity and toughness and tensile and compression resistance is obtained.

The invention also provides a method for rapidly propagating the degradable phyllostachys pubescens ecological felt into lawn, which comprises the step of placing a phyllostachys pubescens stem section on the stem section layer of the phyllostachys pubescens ecological felt, wherein the stem age of the phyllostachys pubescens is 3 ~ 120 months, the stem section is 1 ~ 9 sections, and the stem section can be provided with or without roots.

Preferably, the stem age of the phyllostachys pubescens is 9 months, and the stem node is 5 ~ 7 nodes.

The humifuse euphorbia herb with specific stem age and stem node number exerts the growth advantages of the humifuse euphorbia herb, can greatly improve the growth rate and stress resistance of plants, thereby being adaptive to the environment and growing rapidly. The brocade bamboo grass with the characteristics has strong vitality, is easy to build and plant and is easy to build and plant; good plant creeping property, easy propagation, rapid growth, strong expansion capability, low lawn building and maintenance cost and less plant diseases and insect pests.

In addition, unlike what is reported or known in the prior art, the broccoli plant combining the stem age and the stem node of the stem segment is not only favored to grow beside the eave road, the serpentinite side and other wet shelters, but also better to grow in the sun.

Preferably, the grass category adopted by the invention is the south China euphorbia humifusa. The root system of the grass only adheres to the plane of the roof to grow and has no damage to the roof.

Preferably, the rapid propagation lawn-forming method specifically comprises:

s1, preparing the ecological mat of the humifuse euphorbia herb, pouring the materials to form a matrix layer A, mechanically grooving the matrix layer A, placing a stem section layer on the matrix layer A after grooving is finished, filling organic layer raw materials, placing a pressed matrix layer B, and finally compacting and sewing to obtain the ecological mat of the humifuse euphorbia herb;

s2, watering is carried out once in the morning and at the evening in two weeks before planting, and watering is carried out once in three days after the stem segment layer roots.

The brocade bamboo grass ecological felt provided by the invention is paved on the roof and watered, and then the greening lawn can grow within 1 ~ 2 months, thereby greatly improving the quality and efficiency of greening the roof by using the brocade bamboo grass.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1. the ecological felt provided by the invention is a reelable and degradable carpet type roof greening ecological felt, and is particularly suitable for the construction and planting of the tops of humifuse euphorbia humifusa turcz buildings in tropical and subtropical regions.

2. The rapid planting method provided by the invention adopts direct lawn seeding on the ecological felt without soil, and has the advantages of simple and easily obtained raw materials, environmental protection, simple production process, low cost and suitability for popularization.

3. The invention combines the stem age and the stem node of the brocade bamboo grass, can improve the stress resistance and the growth rate of the brocade bamboo grass, thereby leading the brocade bamboo grass to grow fast, having good greening effect, simple and convenient planting, fast greening and forming lawn and low cost.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are not intended to limit the invention in any way. Reagents, methods and apparatus used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise indicated.

Unless otherwise indicated, reagents and materials used in the present invention are commercially available.

Example 1

Preparing the ecological felt:

pouring the base layer, when the base layer is to be cooled and solidified, pouring the base layer A, when the base layer A is to be cooled and solidified, mechanically pressing a groove for the base layer A, mechanically filling grass into the groove of the base layer A after the groove pressing is finished, mechanically filling organic powder into a grass layer in the groove of the base layer A after the grass filling is finished, covering a pre-prepared base layer B with a groove after the organic powder is filled, and finally, further compacting and sewing to finish the process.

Matrix layer treatment: the raw material fiber of the substrate layer can be prepared by performing physical and chemical treatment and then pressing and bonding according to the existing method, and has certain toughness and tensile resistance.

Treating a matrix layer A: mechanically crushing withered branches and leaves, wood dust, bark, corn flour, etc. and other available crop straw, mixing with water, synthetic polymer, plasticizer, enzyme, etc. and heating and pressurizing to form homogeneous hot melt, cooling the substrate block and soaking to add bactericide, pesticide and plant growth regulator.

The organic matter is used for covering the humifuse euphorbia herb in the groove of the substrate layer A, and the space for filling or filling the groove of the substrate layer A (namely the groove space occupied by the humifuse euphorbia herb) is taken as the upper limit.

The substrate layer B is also provided with a groove, the width of the groove is 10cm, and the depth of the groove is 1 cm. The groove of the substrate layer B is not loaded with the Parthenocissus tricuspidata bamboo grass, and is designed for beauty, so that different texture patterns can be flexibly formed.

After the humifuse euphorbia herb is planted in south China, watering is carried out once in the morning and at the evening in two weeks before planting, the watering degree is that all ecological felts are thoroughly watered, and watering is carried out once in three days after the humifuse euphorbia herb roots, wherein the watering degree is that all or part of the surfaces of the ecological felts are wetted by water.

Example 2

The ecological felt is prepared by the method provided by the embodiment 1, wherein the mixture ratio of each layer and each layer of raw materials is as follows:

the weight percentage (%) of each layer in the felt from bottom to top is as follows:

base layer: 10 percent, wherein the fiber is formed by mixing 95 percent of coconut shell fiber, hemp fiber and rice straw fiber singly or in combination; and 5% of plasticizer silica gel.

Substrate layer a with grooves: 35 percent of single or combination of 35 percent of dead branches and leaves, wood chips, barks and sugarcane; 20% corn flour, tapioca flour, soybean flour, either alone or in combination; 10% of water, 2% of a water-retaining agent, 3% of a plasticizer silica gel, 5% of starch ester starch octenyl succinate, 5% of amylase, 5% of cellulase, 5% of synthetic polymer polyurethane rubber, 2% of agarose, 2% of an insecticide, 3% of a bactericide and 3% of a plant growth regulator.

A stem segment layer (the brocade bamboo grass stem segment with the characteristics): 25 percent.

An organic material layer: 15 percent. Only filled in the grooves and covered with the brocade bamboo grass in each groove. Mechanically pulverizing local rich rice straw, corn stalk, dead branches and leaves, bark and bagasse.

Substrate layer B with grooves: 15 percent of 35 percent of single or combination of dead branches and leaves, wood chips, barks and sugarcane; 20% corn flour, tapioca flour, soybean flour, either alone or in combination; 10% of water, 2% of a water-retaining agent, 3% of a plasticizer silica gel, 5% of starch ester starch octenyl succinate, 5% of amylase, 5% of cellulase, 5% of synthetic polymer polyurethane rubber, 2% of agarose, 2% of an insecticide, 3% of a bactericide and 3% of a plant growth regulator.

The stem section layer adopts the leaves of the humifuse euphorbia herb in south China, the stem age is 9 months, and the stem nodes are 5 nodes.

Example 3

The stem section layer adopts the leaves of the humifuse euphorbia herb in south China, the stem age is 9 months, and the stem nodes are 7 nodes.

Example 4

The stem section layer adopts the leaves of the humifuse euphorbia herb in south China, the stem age is 3 months, and the stem nodes are 5 nodes.

Example 5

The stem section layer adopts the leaves of Phyllostachys pubescens in south China, the stem age is 10 years, and the stem nodes are 5 nodes.

Example 6

The stem section layer adopts the leaves of the humifuse euphorbia herb in south China, the stem age is 1 year, and the stem nodes are 7 nodes.

Example 7: evaluation of planting Effect

The grading of the density and the plant color of the appearance quality of the ecological felt is specifically as follows: morphological observation is carried out on the test material every 15d, and the scoring standard is as follows:

1. the color indicates the green status of the whole ecological felt and is an important index of the apparent characteristic of the ecological felt.

1 point of withered yellow or naked, 1 ~ points of more withered leaves with less green, 5 points of more green plants with less withered leaves or basically consisting of green plants with lighter color, and 5 points of lawn from yellow green to healthy and pleasant dark green.

2. The density is closely related to the cover degree when evaluating the ecological felt being planted, which is 1 point when the ecological felt is completely composed of bare land, a hay layer or weeds when viewed vertically downward from above, 1 ~ 3 points when the cover degree is less than 50%, 3 ~ 5 points when the cover degree is 50 ~ 80%, 5 ~ 6 points when the cover degree is 80 ~ 100%, and the cover degree reaches 100% and is 6 ~ 9 points from thinner to very dense.

The above scoring of the established effect of example 2 ~ 6 is shown in table 1:

TABLE 1

As shown in table 1, example 2 ~ 6 shows good growth and fast lawn formation when the ecological felt is used to replace soil completely.

From the comparison of the data in example 2 ~ 6, the stem age of the Euphorbia hirta and the stem node of the stem segment used both affect the propagation, wherein in examples 2 and 3, the propagation effect of the Euphorbia hirta with the stem age of 9 months and the stem node of the stem segment of 5 ~ 7 nodes is the best, and the combined propagation effect of other stem ages and stem nodes is worse than in examples 2 and 3.

In conclusion, the method adopts the combination of specific stem age and stem segment and stem node, obtains better propagation and greening effects on the ecological felt which can completely replace the soil for paving the humifuse bamboos and grasses, and has the advantages of simplicity, strong operability, good practicability and good popularization.

The ecological felt provided by the invention is light in weight, can be rolled and degraded, is convenient to transport, and can replace soil. Moreover, the substrate layer B can be arranged in different shapes, so that the brocade bamboo grass can grow in the shapes, and the effect of diversifying and beautifying the roof can be achieved.

It is to be understood that the above examples are illustrative only for the purpose of clarity of description and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Variations or modifications in different forms may occur to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A degradable brocade bamboo grass ecological felt is characterized by sequentially comprising a basal layer, a matrix layer A, a stem section layer, an organic substance layer and a matrix layer B from bottom to top;

the matrix layers A and B are biodegradable matrix nutrient layers;

the stem segment layer is used for placing the stem segments of the Phyllostachys pubescens, and the stem segments of the Phyllostachys pubescens are as follows: cutting the Phyllostachys pubescens with the stem age of 9 months into stem sections with 5-7 stem nodes on each stem section.

2. The ecological felt of Phyllostachys nigra as claimed in claim 1, wherein, in weight percentage,

3. the ecological felt of brocade bamboo grass according to claim 1, wherein the substrate layer A comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:

30 to 45 percent of single or combined dead branches, dead leaves, sawdust, barks and sugarcane

10-20% of single or combined corn flour, cassava flour and soybean flour

10-15% of water.

4. The ecological felt of brocade bamboo grass according to claim 1, wherein the organic substance layer comprises single or combined mechanical crushed products of rice straw, corn stalk, dead branches and leaves, bark and bagasse.

5. The ecological felt of claim 1, wherein the layers of the ecological felt are connected by pressing and are sewn by fiber threads.

6. A degradable Phyllostachys pubescens ecological felt rapid propagation lawn-forming method is characterized by comprising the step of placing Phyllostachys pubescens stem sections on a stem section layer of the Phyllostachys pubescens ecological felt according to claim 1, wherein the Phyllostachys pubescens stem sections are as follows: cutting the Phyllostachys pubescens with the stem age of 9 months into stem sections with 5-7 stem nodes on each stem section.

7. The rapid propagation lawn-forming method according to claim 6, wherein the rapid propagation lawn-forming method specifically comprises:

s1, preparing a brocade bamboo grass ecological felt, pouring materials to form a substrate layer A, mechanically grooving the substrate layer A, placing a stem section layer on the substrate layer A after grooving is finished, filling organic layer raw materials, placing a pressed substrate layer B, and finally compacting and sewing to obtain the brocade bamboo grass ecological felt; the Phyllostachys Pubescens is Phyllostachys Pubescens of south China;