CN106295040B - Landslide disaster monitoring and warning earth's surface inclinometer threshold determination method - Google Patents
Landslide disaster monitoring and warning earth's surface inclinometer threshold determination method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106295040B CN106295040B CN201610680824.7A CN201610680824A CN106295040B CN 106295040 B CN106295040 B CN 106295040B CN 201610680824 A CN201610680824 A CN 201610680824A CN 106295040 B CN106295040 B CN 106295040B
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Abstract
The invention discloses landslide disasters to monitor earth's surface inclinometer threshold determination method, it is related to a kind of method of rainfall induced landslide critical value early warning.Monitoring data when with a large amount of Slope Failures, based on experiment in situ and model experiment example, in conjunction with Rock And Soil creep (rheology) theory, establish landslide creeping deformation process model, relationship between rainfall slide creep (rheology) three stage of parsing and slope earth's surface tilt angle, obtain rainfall landslide earth's surface inclinometer three stages early warning threshold reference, and it is tested by the come down method of long-range monitoring and warning system and numerical simulation of the established field of project team, provide four stage Set criterias and early warning requirement, scientific basis is provided for Geological Hazards Monitoring comprehensive pre-warning technology decision-making.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods of rainfall induced landslide earth's surface inclinometer critical value, and in particular to a kind of landslide
Disaster monitoring early warning earth's surface inclinometer threshold determination method.
Background technique
After Wenchuan earthquake, incompact-deposit bodies induce callapsed landslide body of the number in terms of necessarily under the action of rainfall, give
The post-disaster reconstruction of earthquake-stricken area and people life property safety bring grave danger.Currently enough warps can't be taken out in country
Take to earthquake-stricken area everywhere come down carry out engineering control under the premise of, therefore carry out monitoring and warning become reduce casualties and
The important measures of property loss.The Landslide Monitoring Methods of early stage are mainly carried out with manual patrol, steel ruler, measurement well etc. macro
Observation, the observation of phenomenon are seen, precision is low, stability is poor；With the development of electronic technology, computer technology, measuring technique, greatly
Ground has pushed the research and development and application of Novel monitor instruments and meters, and landslide monitoring method is also by qualitative observation to quantitative precision instrument
The development process of observation.Currently, landslide monitoring still relies on above two method: one, simple observation method, it has the letter obtained
The advantages that breath is intuitive, and simple economy, practicability is stronger, and effect is also preferable；But that there are observation contents is single, precision is low and labour is strong
Spend the disadvantages of big.Two, precision equipment monitoring method, though having, precision is high, the advantages such as easy to operate, intuitive is strong, and labor intensity is low；
But the factors puzzlements such as also costly by instrument and equipment, installation maintenance is complicated and early warning critical value is difficult to determine.On the spot
For table equipment, specifically includes that 1. the earth precision measurement (total station, level, theodolite), slip mass can be observed
Absolute displacement amount, measurement accuracy and efficiency are all higher, the landslide displacement monitoring suitable for the different distortion stage；But in orographic condition
Under (sighting condition) and the restricted situation of meteorological condition, heavy workload is measured, the period is long, and the degree of automation is low.2. .GPS is supervised
Survey method, it is simple to operate, have many advantages, such as it is round-the-clock, high-precision, it is full-automatic；But measurement accuracy is low, is not suitable for landslide and becomes
The monitoring of shape initial stage, and in alpine region, satellite-signal is easily blocked, and when multipath effect is more serious, has one to measurement result
Fixing is rung, in addition, GPS receiver is expensive, it is big to promote and apply difficulty.3. .BOTDR monitoring method, measurement accuracy is high, applicability
By force, real-time stability is good；But expensive, field operation is poor, and maintenance difficulties are big, and easily pulls apart, it is difficult to be used for landslide monitoring
Middle and later periods.4. eyes with non-contact method such as .INSAR, acquisition quantity is big, and precision is high, and it is fast to obtain data；But data processing is difficult, by vegetation,
The environmental impact factors such as soil, water content are big, and data are difficult to handle, and applicability is poor.5. joint measurement method, investment is fast, precision
Height, method Simple visual, data are reliable；But it is difficult to install that there are instruments, and is not suitable for the Landslide Deformation middle and later periods.6. earth's surface
Inclinometer, the absolute precision of observation is high, monitoring data are reliable, easily protection, easy for installation, cheap, high degree of automation,
Suitable for Landslide Deformation each stage.
In conclusion various landslide earth's surface monitoring methods and its instrument have different use condition and limitation at present,
Especially with and maintenance cost and the problems such as monitoring accuracy, the guarantor of monitoring instrument and communication, service cable under field condition
The problems such as shield, also limits the popularization and application of long-range monitoring and warning technology.However, earth's surface inclinometer is as a kind of new-type landslide
Earth's surface monitoring device avoids problem above, and use easy to spread.Present patent application team applies in June, 2012
Utility model patent (patent No.: ZL 2,012 2 0266093.9) (shown in Fig. 2), and in more than ten landslide (mud-rock flow material resources
Area) Geological Hazards Monitoring point promoted and applied.But in all kinds of monitoring and warning systems for having built up and establishing,
All there are problems that a serious lag, i.e. the early warning critical value (threshold value) of earth's surface inclinometer in " real-time early warning mode " are sentenced
Not.Real-time early warning critical value determines it is the key core problem for realizing reliability early warning in the system.But up to the present, no matter
Existing Space early-warning system or time early warning system all do not have very good solution this problem.Therefore make these early warning systems
Reliability, the accuracy of system can be all greatly affected to a certain extent.Early warning critical value be early have been accepted as it is worldwide
Subject and technical problem, the determination domestic and international researcher of earth's surface inclinometer critical value, which rarely has, to be set foot in.Due to slip mass deformation failure
There are many complicated mechanism, triggering factors.Therefore, pass through various types landslide monitoring example feedback data and indoor and outdoor model experiment phase
In conjunction with method determine landslide earth's surface inclinometer critical value be to be easier the scheme of break-through skill difficult point.
Summary of the invention
For blank present on the prior art, object of the present invention is to be to provide a kind of landslide disaster monitoring and warning earth's surface
Inclinometer threshold determination method, based on monitoring data, experiment in situ and model experiment example when a large amount of Slope Failures, needle
It to different Landslides, establishes and destroys geological model, in conjunction with creep (rheology) theory, parse rainfall slide creep (rheology) three rank
Relationship between section and slope earth's surface tilt angle obtains rainfall landslide early warning threshold reference.Rainfall landslide earth's surface is obtained to survey
Oblique instrument (0.01 °/hour, 0.1 °/hour, 1.0 °/hour) three stages early warning threshold reference, and it is established by project team
The come down method of long-range monitoring and warning system and numerical simulation of field is tested, and provides four stage Set criterias and early warning is wanted
It asks.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention is to realize by the following technical solutions: a kind of landslide disaster monitoring is pre-
Alert earth's surface inclinometer threshold determination method comprising following steps:
Statistically analyze 1. having and reconnoitring with geologic information: main includes displacement data when landslide is destroyed, and Landslide Deformation is broken
Bad front-rear position form destroys accumulation scope, slump process and Rock And Soil physical and mechanical parameter etc. data；
2. establishing landslide destroys three-stage process model: based on typical rainfall landslide field monitoring data and indoor external model
Experimental method establishes the relationship between landslide earth's surface tilt angle varied and surface displacement in conjunction with Rock And Soil creep (rheology) theory
Model analyzes each stage deformation characteristics, establishes three stages landslide and destroys geological model.
3. the determination of inclinometer early warning critical value: for the deficiency of field monitoring data, indoor and outdoor model test must be utilized
Method, to different types of Landslide Deformation failure mechanism carry out simulation test research, by means of earth's surface when a large amount of Slope Failures
Inclination angular deforming velocity tentatively provides the earth's surface inclinometer threshold limit value on landslide, and passes through field monitoring feedback data and Numerical-Mode
It is quasi- to test；
4. four grade classification of rate of deformation and early warning requirement: integrated use engineering geology, soil mechanics theories and methods pair
Rainfall Landslide Deformation destructive process and mechanism carry out comprehensive analysis；Example and indoor external model scene prison are destroyed in conjunction with a large amount of monitorings
Measured data establishes rate of deformation grade scale and early warning requirement.
The step (3), step (4) include following procedure: sliding using secondary rapid damage type landslide, long-term creep type
Slope, reservoir landslide and excavation cause skew prired monitoring example to obtain cunning abundant in conjunction with indoor and outdoor model experiment data
Slope deforms the complete procedure until destruction, to further investigate landslide earth's surface inclination angle and Rock And Soil stress-strain state, come down
Development of deformation, strain localization is formed and its relationship with Slope Failure process；By each deformation stage Landslide Deformation state, give
Earth's surface tilts angular deforming velocity early warning critical value out；0.01 °/hour of initial deformation stage, 0.1 °/hour of constant speed deformation stage,
Accelerate 1.0 °/hour of deformation stage；It is examined again by the method for field monitoring data and numerical simulation, establishes rate of deformation
Grade scale and early warning requirement, such as table 1.
The landslide of table 1 angular distortion rate warning grade
The present invention be both related to come down a variety of Subject Problems such as genesis mechanism and triggering factors, also with landslide simulation experimental side
Method is related to monitoring technology equipment.By monitoring the monitoring data and model experiment data of Landslide Deformation with earth's surface inclinometer, give
Early warning critical value when earth's surface inclinometer monitoring landslide is destroyed is gone out, has compensated for steady to the inclination angle of landslide earth's surface monitoring and landslide
The deficiency that relationship recognizes between qualitative forms the basic subject theory with earth's surface inclinometer monitoring landslide disaster study of warning, is
Geological Hazards Monitoring comprehensive pre-warning technology decision-making provides scientific basis.
Detailed description of the invention
The following describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments；
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the method for the present invention；
Fig. 2 is Rock And Soil creep (rheology) three-stage process model of embodiment；
Fig. 3 is that geology illustraton of model is destroyed on the three stages landslide of embodiment；
Fig. 4 is that the typical reservoir stability rainfall damage model of embodiment tests inclinometer data variation figure；
Fig. 5 is that the typical Clay Landslide damage model of embodiment tests inclinometer data variation figure；
Fig. 6 is the typical heap lamination landslide experiment inclinometer data variation figure in situ of embodiment；
Fig. 7 is the typical highway slope monitoring inclinometer data variation figure of embodiment；
Fig. 8 is the typical reservoir landslide field monitoring inclinometer data variation figure of embodiment；
Fig. 9 is that the typical excavated slope of embodiment monitors inclinometer data variation figure；
Figure 10 is that the typical landslide of embodiment monitors inclinometer data variation figure；
Figure 11 is the earth's surface inclinometer early warning critical value process decision chart of embodiment.
Specific embodiment
To be easy to understand the technical means, the creative features, the aims and the efficiencies achieved by the present invention, below with reference to
Specific embodiment, the present invention is further explained.
The method flow diagram of present embodiment is as shown in Figure 1, specific embodiment uses following technical scheme: ground
The three-stage process of one time of displacement (rate of deformation) curve in body creep (rheology) theory is considered to be Prediction and Forecast of Landslide
Basic standard.In the 1. creep stage, also known as deceleration creep stage (AB sections), Rock And Soil deformation is with development of slowing down, creep curve
Slope is gradually reduced.2. creep stage (BC), also known as stable deformation stage.Constant speed development, creep are shown greatly in Rock And Soil deformation
One angled straight lines of curve approximation, strain rate are substantially constant.3. creep stage (CE), also known as tertiary creep stage, ground
Body rate of deformation increases sharply by C point, reaches E point, and Rock And Soil destroys.Wherein, at CD sections, deformation is increased rapidly, but rock
The soil body not yet destroys, and DE sections, Rock And Soil rate of deformation increases severely, and Rock And Soil destroys quickly, such as Fig. 2.
Lead to skew prired using secondary rapid damage type landslide, long-term creep type landslide, reservoir landslide and excavation
Deng monitoring example, and combine indoor and outdoor model experiment data, can obtain Landslide Deformation abundant until destroy complete procedure,
To further investigate landslide earth's surface inclination angle and Rock And Soil stress-strain state, Landslide Deformation development, strain localization formed and
The relationship of itself and Slope Failure process；By each deformation stage Landslide Deformation state, earth's surface inclination angular deforming velocity early warning is provided
Critical value (0.01 °/hour of initial deformation stage, 0.1 °/hour of constant speed deformation stage accelerate 1.0 °/hour of deformation stage)；Again
It is examined by the method for field monitoring data and numerical simulation, establishes rate of deformation grade scale and early warning requirement.
The experimental provision that present embodiment uses mainly includes three parts:
Finishing analysis is carried out to model experiment, experiment in situ and field monitoring data, such as Fig. 3~Figure 10；Fig. 3 is embodiment
Three stages landslide destroy geology illustraton of model；Fig. 4 is that the typical reservoir stability rainfall damage model of embodiment tests inclinometer
Data variation figure；Fig. 5 is that the typical Clay Landslide damage model of embodiment tests inclinometer data variation figure；Fig. 6 is embodiment
Typical heap lamination landslide experiment inclinometer data variation figure in situ；Fig. 7 is the typical highway slope monitoring inclinometer of embodiment
Data variation figure；Fig. 8 is the typical reservoir landslide field monitoring inclinometer data variation figure of embodiment；Fig. 9 is the allusion quotation of embodiment
Type excavated slope monitors inclinometer data variation figure；Figure 10 is that the typical landslide of embodiment monitors inclinometer data variation figure.
Earth's surface deviational survey when landslide is destroyed carries out three stage destructive process and deformation perdurabgility is for statistical analysis, knot
Field monitoring landslide measured data is closed, landslide tilt angle rate of deformation and the relationship between the time are established, such as the early warning of Figure 11
Critical value process decision chart；The preliminary critical inclination angle value threshold for establishing landslide, is shown in Table 2.
The relationship of table 2 earth's surface inclinometer angle variable rate and time
The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (2)
1. landslide disaster monitoring and warning earth's surface inclinometer threshold determination method, which is characterized in that itself the following steps are included:
(1) have to reconnoitre and statistically analyze with geologic information: displacement data when destroying including landslide, Landslide Deformation destroy anteroposterior position
It sets form, destroy accumulation scope, slump process and Rock And Soil physical and mechanical parameter data；
(2) it establishes landslide and destroys three-stage process model: is real based on typical rainfall landslide field monitoring data and indoor external model
Proved recipe method establishes the relationship mould between landslide earth's surface tilt angle varied and surface displacement in conjunction with Rock And Soil creep, rheological theory
Type analyzes each stage deformation characteristics, establishes three stages landslide and destroys geological model；
(3) determination of inclinometer early warning critical value: for the deficiency of field monitoring data, the side of indoor and outdoor model test is utilized
Method is carried out simulation test research to different types of Landslide Deformation failure mechanism, is tilted by means of earth's surface when a large amount of Slope Failures
Angular deforming velocity tentatively provides the earth's surface inclinometer threshold limit value on landslide, and by field monitoring feedback data and numerical simulation into
Performing check；
(4) comprehensive analysis four grade classification of rate of deformation and early warning requirement: is carried out to rainfall Landslide Deformation destructive process and mechanism；
Example and indoor external model field monitoring data are destroyed in conjunction with a large amount of monitorings, establishes rate of deformation grade scale and early warning requirement.
2. landslide disaster monitoring and warning earth's surface inclinometer threshold determination method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
The step of stating (3), step (4) include following procedure: sliding using secondary rapid damage type landslide, long-term creep type landslide, reservoir
Slope and excavation cause skew prired monitoring example that it is straight to obtain Landslide Deformation abundant in conjunction with indoor and outdoor model experiment data
To the complete procedure of destruction, thus further investigate landslide earth's surface inclination angle and Rock And Soil stress-strain state, Landslide Deformation development,
Strain localization is formed and its relationship with Slope Failure process；By each deformation stage Landslide Deformation state, provides earth's surface and incline
Oblique angle rate of deformation early warning critical value；0.01 °/hour of initial deformation stage, 0.1 °/hour of constant speed deformation stage accelerate deformation
1.0 °/hour of stage；It is examined again by the method for field monitoring data and numerical simulation, establishes rate of deformation grade scale
And early warning requirement.
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| CN108008115A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-05-08 | 白钰 | Cave dwelling landslide disaster early warning deliverance apparatus and method under collapsible loess geological conditions |
| CN110346537B (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2021-11-05 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Method for judging potential rock landslide based on construction uplift land block and landform bulge |
| CN110836651B (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2021-03-16 | 清华大学 | Landslide flexibility monitoring device and method thereof |
| CN111473779B (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2021-09-24 | 北京工业大学 | Method for identifying and monitoring deformation of landslide-tunnel system in linkage manner |
| CN114333257B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-05-26 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Landslide deformation rate critical value determination and landslide early warning method |
| CN115376284B (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2023-08-18 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Sliding surface identification and landslide early warning method based on surface and deep displacement monitoring |
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