A kind of processing path generation method of lathe
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of machining, be specifically related to the processing path generation method of a kind of lathe.
Background technology
Machine tooling refers to carry out raw-material processing and fabricating with lathe.The machining of lathe be by cutter and workpiece it
Between relative motion realize, its motion can be divided into surface to form motion and assisted movement two class.It is to make that surface forms motion
Surface configuration required by workpiece acquisition and the motion of size, it includes main motion, feed motion and incision campaign.Main motion is
The motion that plays a major role when peeling off excess stock from workpiece blank, it can be the rotary motion (such as turning) of workpiece, straight
Line motion (as on metal-planing machine plane), it is also possible to be cutter rotary motion (such as milling and drilling) or linear motion (as
Slotting and broaching);Feed motion is cutter and workpiece part to be processed moves towards, and makes the motion that cutting is proceeded,
Such as mobile etc. along machine tool guideway of knife rest slide carriage during size;Incision motion makes cutter cut surface of the work certain depth
Motion, its effect is to cut certain thickness material from surface of the work in each cutting stroke, such as small tool during size
Be cut transversely into motion.
Along with Aero-Space, shipbuilding, automobile, the industrial expansion such as the energy, metallurgy, machine tooling technology is used the most widely
In the processing of high-accuracy complex-curved thin-walled parts.In machine tooling processing procedure, can according to part geometry shape and
Technological parameter is made rational planning for out processing cutter track, and generates corresponding Path file.This document needs to change through postpositive disposal
Become nc program, machine tooling could be driven.
At present, the postpositive disposal mode to planning cutter track is all to control the upper of nonlinearity erron by the way of slotting point
Limit.Higher limit is the biggest, and deviation planned trajectory is the most remote, and crudy is the poorest;Higher limit is the least, and the discrete little line segment of interpolation is the most,
The frequent acceleration and deceleration of machine tool motion axle, working (machining) efficiency is the lowest.When five-axis machine tool is in singular position, cutter shaft in planned cutter track
Trace swings, and will result in rotary axis of machine tool and unnecessary significantly rotation occurs, now maximize with nonlinearity erron, may produce
Raw machining path is disorderly.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide the processing path generation method of a kind of lathe, solves in machine tooling
Cutter dallies, and working (machining) efficiency is low, and crudy is poor, the problem that mismachining tolerance is big.
For solving the problems referred to above, the generation method of the machining path that technical scheme is a kind of lathe that the present invention proposes, bag
Include following steps: (1) according to the geometry of processing part and technological parameter, determines the tool of workpiece in conjunction with the characteristic parameter of cutter
Body processing content, cutting data, technological equipment, location and installation mode and cutting tool path, then generate machine tooling program;
(2) according to machine tooling program, adjust cutter location position and the generating tool axis vector of lathe, set CCP and adjust cutter shaft side
To and depth of cut, determine work piece holder, and workpiece height;(3) use five sections of S curve methods to adding in the machining path of cutter
Workshop section carries out deceleration planning peace and trackslips and connect process;(4) according to the shape of workpiece, rigidity, allowance, machine tool system firm
Degree, determines cyclic process number of times;(5) corner is compensated process according to tool radius;(6) matching machine tooling program pair
Processing part carries out wheel grinding process.
Further, described adjust incision that cutter axis orientation refers to use unidirectional convergence localization method to adjust cutter and
Cut out direction.Drive system backlass is avoided to produce position error.Described depth of cut is by processing the precision of workpiece certainly
Fixed.
Further, described work piece holder selects the built-up jig of hydraulically operated fixture and multi-station clamp, described combination
Fixture is to arrange multi-station clamp in the disk perimeter of platen, and the centre position of disk arranges hydraulically operated fixture.
Further, five sections of described S curve methods include the machining path of cutter adding boost phase, subtract boost phase,
Constant velocity stage, acceleration and deceleration stage and five processing sections of the decelerating phase of subtracting.
Further, described described smooth forward processing method is: judge the switching curve type of adjacent processing sections,
Calculate the switching angle of adjacent processing sections, according to switching angle calcu-lation maximum allowable switching speed;Speed according to processing sections with
The comparison of maximum allowable switching speed, is the most then carried out the displacement vector of adjacent processing sections if less than maximum allowable switching speed
Carry out interpolation processing after synthesis, otherwise directly carry out interpolation processing.
Further, described interpolation processing method is for be divided into several small straightways by processing sections, and each is little directly
Line segment, as an interpolation cycle, calculates the data of each small straightway according to machine tool instructions, feed speed, cutter along
Small straightway moves, and after several interpolation cycles, cutter moves to terminal from starting point, completes the interpolation of this section of profile
Process.
Further, described compensation deals are: add man-hour carrying out Internal periphery, and center cutter must be to the inner side of part
Offset a tool radius value;Adding man-hour carrying out outline, center cutter must be to one cutter of lateral offset of part half
Footpath is worth.
Beneficial effects of the present invention is embodied in: the generation method in the path of a kind of machine tooling that the present invention provides utilizes group
Co-clip tool can reduce cutter idle running, saves the usage amount of fixture simultaneously, utilizes five sections of S curve methods and smooth switching to process and can improve
The smoothness that curve surface of workpiece connects, utilizes interpolation technique to decrease manufacturing tolerance simultaneously.The machine tooling path of the present invention adds
Work efficiency rate is high, machining accuracy is high, production cost is low, has the biggest application prospect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is the generation method flow block diagram in the machine tooling path according to the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is specifically described:
The present embodiment provides the processing path generation method of a kind of lathe, and described machine tooling path includes following step
Rapid: (1) according to the processing geometry of part and technological parameter, determine the concrete processing of workpiece in conjunction with the characteristic parameter of cutter in
Appearance, cutting data, technological equipment, location and installation mode and cutting tool path, then generate machine tooling program;(2) basis
Machine tooling program, adjusts cutter location position and the generating tool axis vector of lathe, sets CCP and adjusts cutter axis orientation and cut
Cut the degree of depth, determine work piece holder, and workpiece height;(3) use five sections of S curve methods that the processing sections in the machining path of cutter is entered
Row deceleration planning peace is trackslipped and is connect process;(4) according to the shape of workpiece, rigidity, allowance, the rigidity of machine tool system, really
Determine cyclic process number of times;(5) corner is compensated process according to tool radius;(6) matching machine tooling program is to processing
Part carries out wheel grinding process.
Wherein, the described cutter axis orientation that adjusts refers to use unidirectional convergence localization method to adjust switching in and out of cutter
Direction.Drive system backlass is avoided to produce position error.Described depth of cut is determined by the precision processing workpiece.
Wherein, described work piece holder selects the built-up jig of hydraulically operated fixture and multi-station clamp, described built-up jig
For arranging multi-station clamp in the disk perimeter of platen, the centre position of disk arranges hydraulically operated fixture.
Wherein, five sections of described S curve methods include adding boost phase, subtract boost phase, at the uniform velocity the machining path of cutter
Stage, acceleration and deceleration stage and five processing sections of the decelerating phase of subtracting.
Wherein, described described smooth forward processing method is: judge the switching curve type of adjacent processing sections, calculates
The switching angle of adjacent processing sections, according to switching angle calcu-lation maximum allowable switching speed;Speed according to processing sections is with maximum
Allow the comparison of switching speed, the most then the displacement vector of adjacent processing sections is synthesized if less than maximum allowable switching speed
After carry out interpolation processing, otherwise directly carry out interpolation processing.
Wherein, described interpolation processing method for being divided into several small straightways, each little straightway by processing sections
As an interpolation cycle, calculating the data of each small straightway according to machine tool instructions, feed speed, cutter is along small
Straightway moves, and after several interpolation cycles, cutter moves to terminal from starting point, completes at the interpolation of this section of profile
Reason.
Wherein, described compensation deals are: add man-hour carrying out Internal periphery, and center cutter must be to the offset inboard of part
One tool radius value;Adding man-hour carrying out outline, center cutter must be to one tool radius value of lateral offset of part.
Last it is noted that above example is only in order to illustrate technical scheme, it is not intended to limit;Although
With reference to previous embodiment, the present invention is described in detail, it will be understood by those within the art that: it still may be used
So that the technical scheme described in previous embodiment to be modified, or wherein portion of techniques feature is carried out equivalent;And
These amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from spirit and the model of embodiment of the present invention technical scheme
Enclose.