CN106285786B - 叶片单元机械 - Google Patents

叶片单元机械 Download PDF

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CN106285786B
CN106285786B CN201610444674.XA CN201610444674A CN106285786B CN 106285786 B CN106285786 B CN 106285786B CN 201610444674 A CN201610444674 A CN 201610444674A CN 106285786 B CN106285786 B CN 106285786B
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ring
rotor
auxiliary element
vane cell
cell machine
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CN106285786A (zh
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斯蒂格·K·安德森
保罗·埃里克·汉森
埃里克·豪高
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Danfoss AS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C1/30—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F01C1/34—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F01C1/344—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F01C1/3446—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along more than one line or surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C15/00—Component parts, details or accessories of machines, pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C2/00 - F04C14/00
    • F04C15/0003—Sealing arrangements in rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C15/0023—Axial sealings for working fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C19/00—Sealing arrangements in rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C19/08—Axially-movable sealings for working fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C21/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
    • F01C21/08—Rotary pistons
    • F01C21/0809—Construction of vanes or vane holders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C21/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
    • F01C21/10—Outer members for co-operation with rotary pistons; Casings
    • F01C21/104—Stators; Members defining the outer boundaries of the working chamber
    • F01C21/108—Stators; Members defining the outer boundaries of the working chamber with an axial surface, e.g. side plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/30—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C18/32—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having both the movement defined in group F04C18/02 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00—Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/30—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C2/34—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C2/344—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F04C2/3441—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation
    • F04C2/3442—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation the surfaces of the inner and outer member, forming the working space, being surfaces of revolution
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00—Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/30—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C2/34—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C2/344—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F04C2/3446—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along more than one line or surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00—Components
    • F04C2240/20—Rotors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Motors (AREA)
  • Details And Applications Of Rotary Liquid Pumps (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

描述了一种叶片单元机械(1)，其包括定子(2)和转子(3)，所述转子(3)包括径向可移动的叶片(4)，其支撑在定子(2)的内侧(5)上，并与所述转子(3)、定子(2)和转子(3)的每一轴向端部上的侧壁(7)一起界定作业腔(6)，在所述转子(3)的转动中所述作业腔(6)的体积变化，至少一个侧壁(7)对环(9)形式的***体进行支撑，该机械应当具有简单的结构，为了达到该目的，所述环(9)包括中心孔(10)。

Description

叶片单元机械
技术领域
本发明涉及一种叶片单元机械，其包括定子和转子，所述转子包括径向可移位的叶片，所述叶片支承在定子的内侧上，并与所述转子、定子和转子的每一轴向端部上的侧壁一起界定作业腔，在所述转子的转动中所述作业腔的体积变化，至少一个侧壁对环形式的***体进行支承。
背景技术
这种叶片单元机械由例如US 2013/0108498 A1可知。
在转子的旋转中，作业腔必须增加或减小其体积。为达到该目的，已知的是在定子的孔中偏心地定位转子。作业腔在转子轴线和定子内侧的距离最小的区域内具有最小的体积。在上面提到的US 2013/0108498 A1中，环相对于定子的孔居中地定位并且具有偏心孔以容纳转子的轴。该环可作为转子的轴向轴承。
尽管如此，不对称的环，即具有用于转子的偏心孔的环的应用，使得机械的安装变得复杂，因为环必须在定子的内侧壁中以精确的角位置安装。这种不对称也产生来自压强的施加到环上的不需要的力。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供叶片单元机械的简单结构。
使用开头所提到的叶片单元机械，解决该任务的方法在于：所述环包括中心孔。
该环现在在所有角度方向对称。这有利于在侧壁中安装环安装。该环可被用作多种功能。第一个功能是密封功能。第二个功能是轴向轴承。最后，可使用该环以保持泄漏最小。
在优选的实施例中，辅助元件定位于环的径向外侧并且在所述环的周向延伸不超过180°。该辅助元件现在取代了之前使用的不对称环的偏心。该辅助元件可被用作轴向轴承并且作为保持低泄漏的部件。然而，不再需要辅助元件用于密封。
优选地，所述辅助元件包括在所述转子的径向的宽度，该宽度从中心部分开始在周向减小。辅助元件具有镰刀或新月的形状，因此辅助元件的在周向上的端部具有更小的宽度。对称环和辅助元件的组合取代了之前的不对称环。
在优选的实施例中，所述辅助元件具有周向长度，其大于所述叶片在周向上的宽度。由于叶片在设置在转子中的狭槽中或导向结构中被引导，这种结构使得转子可以总是接触辅助元件成为可能。辅助元件于是可用作轴向轴承。
优选地，所述辅助元件具有周向上的长度，该叶片大于在周向上的两叶片之间的距离。这具有如下的效果：辅助元件覆盖作业腔的轴向端部。
在优选的实施例中，所述辅助元件在径向上具有到所述环的预定距离。该环和辅助元件可被分别安装。该环和辅助元件作为两不同的元件，使得机械的安装变得简单。
优选地，所述辅助元件从所述侧壁突出。当转子接触辅助元件，其不接触所述侧壁，从而将磨损降到最小。
优选地，所述辅助元件连接到所述侧壁。例如，辅助元件可通过一个或多个螺钉或螺栓而连接到侧壁。
优选地，环形通道位于所述环的与转子相反的一侧，所述环形通道连接到在其中所述作业腔表现为高压力的区域。这具有如下的效果：环形通道内的压力相当于作业腔的高压力。该高压力以将环压到转子上的方向作用于环上。由于压紧力取决于作业腔的高压区域的压力，可以调节到一个平衡以保持磨损尽可能小。
优选地，第一密封环位于所述环形通道中，其中所述第一密封环在所述环上产生一个朝向所述转子的方向的力。第一密封环由弹性材料制成，例如O形环。第一密封环产生一种预拉伸，从而有利于叶片单元机械的启动或有利于借助于外部泵在流体循环中对工作液体进行加压。在启动阶段，需要一些时间以积聚必须的压强。例如，侧板应当密封以实现借助于用作泵的叶片单元机械对反渗透***的一部分进行加压。
优选地，第二密封环定位于所述环的周向侧。第二密封环，其也为弹性材料，产生小的弹簧力作用于环上，并且将其对中在侧壁的孔中。进一步地，优选地该第二密封环尽可能靠近转子定位，从而环的周向的经受不同的压力的部分可被保持为最小。在环上的不对称的负载可被保持为很小。
优选地，所述转子包括支承所述环的支撑环。所述环和所述支撑环的一个可被用作磨损件，当磨损时可被轻易替换。
附图说明
下文中，基于与附图有关的优选的实施例来描述本发明，示出：
图1示出叶片单元机械的横截面示意图，并且
图2为叶片单元机械的转子的轴向端部部分的放大断面图。
具体实施方式
图1示意性地示出叶片单元机械1，其包括定子2和转子3。转子3包括多个叶片4，其径向可移位并且支承在定子的内侧5上。在每两相邻的叶片4之间定位作业腔6。在两轴向端部上，作业腔6都由侧壁7(图2)限定。
在转子3相对于定子2绕轴线8旋转的过程中，作业腔6的体积增大和减小。体积增大时吸入液压液体，并且在作业腔6的体积减小时，液压液体被压缩并且最终被在更高的压力下输出。为清楚起见，没有示出用于供应和传送液压液体的相应端口。
由图1可见，转子3在定子2中偏心布置。
侧壁7容纳环9形式的***体。环9包括中心孔10。转子3包括连接到轴12的轴11。环9包围轴11。
环9设置于侧壁7内的槽13中，并且在朝向转子3的方向从侧壁7中突出一点，例如，0.5mm。
在环9的与转子3相反的一侧有环形通道14，其借助于孔15连接到区域26，在该区域中所述作业腔6表现为高压力。这意味着环形通道14加载着该高压力。该高压力用于将环9压向转子3。
转子3对接触环9的支撑环15进行支承。环9和支撑环15之一可被用作磨损件，如果磨损或由于其他原因需要时可容易将其更换。
第一密封环16定位在环9的与转子3相反的一侧。第一密封环16密封所述高压力，使其不朝径向轴承17的方向泄漏。轴11通过该径向轴承17支撑于壁7内。
第二密封环18位于环9的周侧。该第二密封环18尽可能靠近转子3定位以使得环9的大部分轴向长度经受径向向内施加的高压力。
第一密封环16和第二密封环18都由弹性材料制成。因此两密封圈16、18都产生一种预拉伸。密封圈16将环19压向转子3，或更确切地压向转子3的支撑环15。第二密封环18在侧壁7中将环9对中。
此外，第一密封环16、弹簧或其他任何力产生部件都可用来将环9压向转子3。
如上面所提到的，转子3在定子2的内侧5中偏心设置。
为了将转子3支撑在其中转子3和定子2的内侧5的之间的距离最大的区域内，提供辅助元件19，其通过例如一个或两个螺钉20固定到侧壁7。辅助元件19轻微弧形弯曲。辅助元件19的内径比环9的外径稍大。辅助元件19的径向外侧基本平行于辅助元件19的径向内侧延伸。
辅助元件19可以在径向具有减小的宽度，即其可以为镰刀或新月(未示出)的形状，在任何情况下，辅助元件19应当在周向上延伸不超过180°。在该情况下，在周向上的端部具有趋近0的宽度。基本上，当辅助元件19在周向延伸至少超过叶片4在周向的宽度时就足够了，优选地，其应延伸至少超过在周向上两叶片4之间的距离。
由图2可看出，辅助元件19突出于侧壁7外。辅助元件必须突出足够远以使得转子3不接触侧壁7并且环9在槽13中不被挤压。当环9和辅助元件19从侧壁7突出0.5mm即足够。
由图2可看出，在环9和辅助元件19之间有径向距离，该距离使得容纳第二密封环18成为可能。密封环18也可被容纳在环9中。
该叶片单元机械1可以，例如，被用作增压泵或将压力交换器与增压泵组合中的循环泵，其被用在，例如，反渗透***。在这种情况下，在叶片单元机械中总有很高的压力。增压泵以例如57bar的压强吸入液体并且以60bar的压强输出液体。轴12通常只用一个低压密封件密封。因此，在所述的机械中，通过密封圈16和，如果需要的话，通过包围支撑环15的第三密封环22来达到上述密封。
新的环9，其在所有角的方向对称并且包括中心孔10，现在是密封功能的唯一必须元件。辅助元件19作为轴向轴承，并且作为泄漏的阻塞部件。
所示出的机械1结构简单并且因此可以简单地安装。

Claims (10)

1.一种叶片单元机械(1)，其包括定子(2)和转子(3)，所述转子(3)包括径向可移位的叶片(4)，所述叶片支承在定子(2)的内侧(5)上，并与所述转子(3)、定子(2)和转子(3)的每一轴向端部上的侧壁(7)一起界定作业腔(6)，在所述转子(3)的转动过程中所述作业腔(6)的体积变化，至少一个侧壁(7)对***体形式的环(9)进行支承，其特征在于：所述环包括中心孔(10)；以及
辅助元件(19)定位于所述环(9)的径向外侧并且在所述环(9)的周向上延伸不超过180°；
辅助元件(19)设置于所述至少一个侧壁(7)与转子(3)之间，并固定至所述至少一个侧壁(7)；以及
所述辅助元件(19)突出到所述侧壁(7)外。
2.根据权利要求1所述的叶片单元机械，其特征在于：所述辅助元件(19)包括在所述转子(3)的径向的宽度，该宽度从中心部分开始在周向减小。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的叶片单元机械，其特征在于：所述辅助元件(19)具有周向上的长度，该长度大于所述叶片(4)在周向上的宽度。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的叶片单元机械，其特征在于：所述辅助元件(19)具有周向上的长度，该长度大于在周向上的两叶片(4)之间的距离。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的叶片单元机械，其特征在于：所述辅助元件(19)在径向上具有到所述环(9)的预定距离。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的叶片单元机械，其特征在于：所述辅助元件(19)连接到所述侧壁(7)。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的叶片单元机械，其特征在于：环形通道(14)位于所述环(9)的与转子(3)相反的一侧，所述环形通道(14)连接到在其中所述作业腔(6)表现出高压力的区域。
8.根据权利要求7所述的叶片单元机械，其特征在于：第一密封环位于所述环形通道(14)中，其中所述第一密封环(16)产生在朝向所述转子(3)的方向上施加到所述环(9)的力。
9.根据权利要求7所述的叶片单元机械，其特征在于：第二密封环(18)定位于所述环(9)的周向侧。
10.根据权利要求1或2所述的叶片单元机械，其特征在于：所述转子(3)包括支承所述环(9)的支撑环(15)。
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