CN106285604B - Microwave-assisted supercritical carbon dioxide cyclic fracturing system and method - Google Patents
Microwave-assisted supercritical carbon dioxide cyclic fracturing system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106285604B CN106285604B CN201610941193.XA CN201610941193A CN106285604B CN 106285604 B CN106285604 B CN 106285604B CN 201610941193 A CN201610941193 A CN 201610941193A CN 106285604 B CN106285604 B CN 106285604B
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide Natural products O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 172
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229960004424 carbon dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 55
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000790917 Dioxys <bee> Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000476 body water Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F7/00—Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/08—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices
- H01P5/10—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices for coupling balanced lines or devices with unbalanced lines or devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
A microwave-assisted supercritical carbon dioxide cyclic fracturing system and method comprises the following steps: the liquid carbon dioxide storage tank, the heater, the booster pump, the fracturing pipe, the recovery pipe, the three-phase separator, the air compressor and the cooler form a loop to realize the supercritical carbon dioxide cyclic fracturing, and a fracture network is formed in the coal bed; the method comprises the following steps: the coal bed and the carbon dioxide are heated by microwaves to ensure that the carbon dioxide is in a supercritical state for a long time, and meanwhile, the heat effect of the carbon dioxide can also crack coal bodies, dredge pores and promote gas desorption. The supercritical carbon dioxide has strong diffusivity, is extremely easy to go deep into pores and cracks of a coal body, and can displace gas; the circulating fracturing effectively reduces the operation cost and simplifies the construction process. The microwave fracturing device disclosed by the invention combines microwave radiation and supercritical carbon dioxide cyclic fracturing, greatly improves the porosity and permeability of a coal bed, promotes gas desorption, greatly improves the gas extraction effect and has wide practicability in the technical field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of microwave-assisted supercritical carbon dioxide circulation frac system and methods, belong to coal mine pushing
Correlative technology field is split, soft high gas layer is particularly suitable for.
Background technique
The characteristics of height absorption of China coal seam, micropore, hyposmosis, causes gas drainage difficult, and gas accident takes place frequently.As
One mature technology, hydraulic fracturing can effectively improve coal bed gas extraction effect, but existing hydraulic fracturing technology is made
Stitch it is in the form of a single, be difficult to be formed fracture network, promote that desorption effect is poor, fracturing fluid recyclability is poor.Microwave can act in coal body
Water isopolarity molecule generates fuel factor, and tearing coal body dredges hole and promotes desorption of mash gas.Supercritical carbon dioxide refers to two
More than carbonoxide temperature-pressure to the critical point state of (Tc=31.1 DEG C, Pc=7.38MPa) has close to the low glutinous of gas
Degree and high diffusibility, close to the characteristics such as the high density of liquid and zero surface tension.Relative to conventional fracturing fluid, overcritical two
Carbonoxide fracturing fluid penetrating power is strong, easily enters hole, crack in coal, so that fracture network is generated, however, in underground coal mine
It keeps the supercriticality of carbon dioxide and effectively recycling becomes its technical bottleneck applied.Therefore, it needs to study a kind of novel
Microwave radiation can be combined with supercritical carbon dioxide circulation pressure break, reach the quick fracturing of coal body, reaming, rush by technology
The effect of desorption.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: the purpose of the present invention is overcoming shortcoming present in prior art, provide a kind of method it is simple,
The microwave-assisted supercritical carbon dioxide circulation frac system and method for coal bed fracturing efficiency can be greatly improved.
Technical solution: microwave-assisted supercritical carbon dioxide of the invention recycles frac system, including is connected with recovery tube
Three phase separator, the air compressor machine being connected with three phase separator, the cooler being connected with air compressor machine and the liquid being connected with cooler
State carbon dioxide storage tank, pipeline connects having heaters on the downside of liquid carbon dioxide storage tank, heater be connected with all the way through pipeline with
The connected booster pump of pressure break pipe, another way are connected with the waveguide switch being connected with coaxial waveguide, it is overcritical to form a realization
Carbon dioxide recycle pressure break forms the circuit of fracture network in coal seam；Microwave antenna is connected in the coaxial waveguide, it is described
Waveguide switch is connected with microwave generator through rectangular waveguide.
Fracturing process is recycled using the microwave-assisted supercritical carbon dioxide of above system, comprising the following steps:
A, it to one fracturing borehole of coal seam construction in tunnel, and is bored in fracturing borehole two sides two gas drainages of construction
The both ends of hole, fracturing borehole and mash gas pumping drilling are located in top plate and bottom plate；
B, it is sent into drainage tube into mash gas pumping drilling, pressure break pipe, recovery tube are sent into fracturing borehole and is connected with microwave
The coaxial waveguide of antenna is later sealed fracturing borehole and mash gas pumping drilling using hole packer；
C, the outer end of coaxial waveguide is connected on waveguide switch, waveguide switch one end is through rectangular waveguide and microwave
Generator connection, the waveguide switch other end are connected by waveguide with heater；
D, the outer end of pressure break pipe is connected on booster pump, booster pump is connected through pipeline with heater, heater warp
Pipeline is connected with liquid carbon dioxide storage tank；
E, the outer end of recovery tube is connected into three phase separator, three phase separator is connect with air compressor machine, air compressor machine and cooling
Device connection, cooler are connected with liquid carbon dioxide storage tank；
F, after the completion of piping connection, liquid carbon dioxide storage tank is opened, liquid carbon dioxide is made to enter heater；
G, microwave generator is opened, the microwave of generation enters waveguide switch by rectangular waveguide, and waveguide switch will be micro-
Wavelength-division is two-way, reaches microwave antenna by coaxial waveguide all the way and is radiated from microwave antenna into fracturing borehole, another way is logical
It crosses waveguide and reaches heater, liquid carbon dioxide is heated；
H, starting booster pump forms supercritical carbon dioxide, supercritical carbon dioxide to the carbon dioxide pressurization after heating
Entered in fracturing borehole by pressure break pipe, pressure break is implemented to coal seam；
I, the microwave that microwave antenna gives off makes carbon dioxide be in super for a long time in coal seam and carbon dioxide continuous heating
Critical state, coal seam desorb a large amount of gas at high temperature, and gas pours into mash gas pumping drilling by the crack that pressure break generates, will
Gas drainage pipe is connect with fire damp pipe network, carries out gas drainage；
J, the residual gas in fracturing borehole enters three phase separator by recovery tube, and three phase separator is by the coal in gas
Slag, water and gas filter out, and remaining carbon dioxide is compressed by air compressor machine and by cooler cooling, finally return to liquid
Carbon dioxide storage tank.
The working frequency of the microwave generator is 2.45GHz, power 2kW.
The liquid carbon dioxide heating temperature is 34 DEG C or more.
The pressure of carbon dioxide pressurization after described pair of heating is 8MPa or more.
Carbon dioxide should be supplemented when the liquid carbon dioxide storage tank liquid level is lower than the one third height of tank.
The fracturing borehole is 3.5-4.5m at a distance from mash gas pumping drilling.
The utility model has the advantages that supercritical carbon dioxide diffusivity of the invention is strong, easily gos deep into coal body hole as fracturing fluid, splits
Gap can be effectively reduced initial cracking pressure；Supercritical carbon dioxide adsorption capacity is better than gas, is capable of forming competitive Adsorption to drive
For the gas in coal；Radiation can guarantee that carbon dioxide is chronically at supercriticality in microwave hole, while its fuel factor also can
Enough fracturing coal bodies, promote desorption of mash gas at dredging hole；Microwave is imported into heater and heats carbon dioxide, remaining titanium dioxide in hole
Carbon returns to storage tank by air compressor machine, cooler to form circulation pressure break, effectively reduces operating cost and simplifies construction work
Skill.The present invention combines microwave radiation with supercritical carbon dioxide circulation pressure break, substantially increases coal seam porosity, infiltration
Rate promotes desorption of mash gas, so that gas pumping effect be greatly improved, has in the art extensive practical
Property.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1 is microwave-assisted supercritical carbon dioxide circulation frac system structural schematic diagram of the invention.
In figure: the coal seam 1-, 2- fracturing borehole, 3- mash gas pumping drilling, 4- top plate, 5- bottom plate, 6- drainage tube, 7- microwave day
Line, 8- coaxial waveguide, 9- pressure break pipe, 10- recovery tube, 11- hole packer, 12- waveguide switch, 13- rectangular waveguide, 14- microwave
Generator, 15- waveguide, 16- heater, 17- booster pump, 18- liquid carbon dioxide storage tank, 19- three phase separator, 20- pneumatics
Machine, 21- cooler.
Specific embodiment
One embodiment of the present of invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawing:
As shown in Figure 1, microwave-assisted supercritical carbon dioxide of the invention recycles frac system, including with 10 phase of recovery tube
Three phase separator 19 even, the air compressor machine 20 being connected with three phase separator 19, the cooler 21 that is connected with air compressor machine 20 and with it is cold
But the connected liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 18 of device 21,18 downside pipeline of liquid carbon dioxide storage tank connect having heaters 16, heating
Device 16 is connected with the booster pump 17 being connected with pressure break pipe 9 through pipeline all the way, and another way is connected with the waveguide being connected with coaxial waveguide 8
Converter 12 forms a realization supercritical carbon dioxide circulation pressure break, forms the circuit of fracture network in coal seam；Described is same
Microwave antenna 7 is connected in axis waveguide 8, the waveguide switch 12 is connected with microwave generator 14 through rectangular waveguide 13.
Fracturing process is recycled using the microwave-assisted supercritical carbon dioxide of above system: firstly, to coal seam 1 in tunnel
It constructs a fracturing borehole 2, and is taken out in 2 two sides of fracturing borehole, 4 meters of constructions, two mash gas pumping drillings 3, fracturing borehole 2 and gas
The both ends of borehole 3 are located in top plate 4 and bottom plate 5；Mash gas pumping drilling 3 is sent into 6 one end of drainage tube, by microwave antenna
7 connect with coaxial waveguide 8, and microwave antenna 7, coaxial waveguide 8, pressure break pipe 9 and recovery tube 10 are sent into fracturing borehole 2 together
It is interior, fracturing borehole 2 and mash gas pumping drilling 3 are sealed using hole packer 11；Meanwhile the outer end of coaxial waveguide 8 being connected
Waveguide switch 12 is connect, waveguide switch 12 is connect with rectangular waveguide 13, and rectangular waveguide 13 is connect with microwave generator 14, described
The working frequency of microwave generator 10 is 2.45GHz, power 2kW.In addition, waveguide switch 12 passes through waveguide 15 and heater
16 connections.Later, the outer end of pressure break pipe 9 is connected into booster pump 17, booster pump 17 is connect with heater 16, heater 16 and liquid
State carbon dioxide storage tank 18 connects；The outer end of recovery tube 10 is connected into three phase separator 19, three phase separator 19 and air compressor machine
20 connections, air compressor machine 20 are connect with cooler 21, and cooler 21 is connect with liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 18.
After the completion of piping connection, liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 18 is opened, liquid carbon dioxide is made to enter heater 16；So
Afterwards, microwave generator 14 is opened, generated microwave enters waveguide switch 12 by rectangular waveguide 13, and waveguide switch 12 will
Microwave is divided into two-way, reaches microwave antenna 7 by coaxial waveguide 8 all the way and is radiated from microwave antenna 7 to fracturing borehole 2, another
Road reaches heater 16 by waveguide 15, is heated to 34 DEG C or more to liquid carbon dioxide；In turn, starting booster pump 17 is to dioxy
Change carbon and be forced into 8MPa or more, form supercritical carbon dioxide, is i.e. temperature is more than 34 DEG C, and pressure is more than the state of 8MPa, super to face
Boundary's carbon dioxide enters fracturing borehole 2 by pressure break pipe 9, implements pressure break to coal seam 1；Meanwhile the microwave that microwave antenna 7 gives off
To coal seam 1 and carbon dioxide continuous heating, making carbon dioxide, in a supercritical state for a long time (temperature is more than 34 DEG C, and pressure surpasses
Cross the state of 8MPa), coal seam 1 desorbs a large amount of gas at high temperature, and methane gas pours into gas by the crack that pressure break generates
Extraction borehole 3 carries out gas drainage at this point, gas drainage pipe 6 is connect with fire damp pipe network；Remnants in fracturing borehole 2
Gas enters three phase separator 19 by recovery tube 10, and three phase separator 19 filters out cinder, water and the gas in gas,
Remaining carbon dioxide is compressed by air compressor machine 20 and by the cooling of cooler 21, and liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 18 is finally returned to.
Since the carbon dioxide that part enters in fracturing borehole 2 can be diffused into the even lane space of drilling around by coalmass crevasse,
Therefore, carbon dioxide should be supplemented when the liquid carbon dioxide storage tank liquid level is lower than the one third height of tank.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of microwave-assisted supercritical carbon dioxide recycles fracturing process, including uses frac system, frac system include with
The connected three phase separator (19) of recovery tube (10), the air compressor machine (20) being connected with three phase separator (19) and air compressor machine (20)
Connected cooler (21) and the liquid carbon dioxide storage tank (18) being connected with cooler (21), liquid carbon dioxide storage tank (18)
Downside pipeline connects having heaters (16), and heater (16) is connected with the booster pump being connected with pressure break pipe (9) through pipeline all the way
(17), another way is connected with the waveguide switch (12) being connected with coaxial waveguide (8), forms a realization supercritical carbon dioxide
Pressure break is recycled, forms the circuit of fracture network in coal seam；Microwave antenna (7), the wave are connected in the coaxial waveguide (8)
It leads converter (12) and is connected with microwave generator (14) through rectangular waveguide (13), which is characterized in that fracturing process includes following step
It is rapid:
A, it to one fracturing borehole (2) of coal seam (1) construction in tunnel, and is taken out in fracturing borehole (2) two sides two gas of construction
The both ends of borehole (3), fracturing borehole (2) and mash gas pumping drilling (3) are located in top plate (4) and bottom plate (5)；
B, drainage tube (6) are sent into mash gas pumping drilling (3), pressure break pipe (9), recovery tube is sent into fracturing borehole (2)
(10) and it is connected with the coaxial waveguides (8) of microwave antenna (7), later using hole packer (11) to fracturing borehole (2) and gas drainage
Drilling (3) is sealed；
C, the outer end of coaxial waveguide (8) is connected on waveguide switch (12), waveguide switch (12) one end is through rectangular wave
It leads (13) to connect with microwave generator (14), waveguide switch (12) other end is connected by waveguide (15) with heater (16)
It connects；
D, the outer end of pressure break pipe (9) is connected on booster pump (17), booster pump (17) is connected through pipeline with heater (16)
It connects, heater (16) is connected through pipeline with liquid carbon dioxide storage tank (18)；
E, the outer end of recovery tube (10) being connected into three phase separator (19), three phase separator (19) is connect with air compressor machine (20),
Air compressor machine (20) is connect with cooler (21), and cooler (21) is connected with liquid carbon dioxide storage tank (18)；
F, it after the completion of piping connection, opens liquid carbon dioxide storage tank (18), liquid carbon dioxide is made to enter heater (16)；
G, microwave generator (14) are opened, the microwave of generation enters waveguide switch (12) by rectangular waveguide (13), and waveguide turns
Microwave is divided into two-way by parallel operation (12), by coaxial waveguide (8) reaches microwave antenna (7) all the way and from microwave antenna (7) to pressure
Radiation in drilling (2) is split, another way reaches heater (16) by waveguide (15), heats to liquid carbon dioxide；
H, starting booster pump (17) forms supercritical carbon dioxide, supercritical carbon dioxide to the carbon dioxide pressurization after heating
Entered in fracturing borehole (2) by pressure break pipe (9), pressure break is implemented to coal seam (1)；
I, the microwave that microwave antenna (7) gives off is in carbon dioxide for a long time coal seam (1) and carbon dioxide continuous heating
Supercriticality, coal seam (1) desorb a large amount of gas at high temperature, and gas is poured into gas drainage by the crack that pressure break generates and bored
Gas drainage pipe (6) is connect by hole (3) with fire damp pipe network, carries out gas drainage；
J, the residual gas in fracturing borehole (2) enters three phase separator (19) by recovery tube (10), three phase separator (19)
Cinder, water and gas in gas is filtered out, remaining carbon dioxide is compressed by air compressor machine (20) and passes through cooler
(21) cooling, finally return to liquid carbon dioxide storage tank (18).
2. a kind of microwave-assisted supercritical carbon dioxide according to claim 1 recycles fracturing process, it is characterised in that: institute
The working frequency for the microwave generator (10) stated is 2.45 GHz, and power is 2 kW.
3. a kind of microwave-assisted supercritical carbon dioxide according to claim 1 recycles fracturing process, it is characterised in that: institute
The liquid carbon dioxide heating temperature stated is 34 DEG C or more.
4. a kind of microwave-assisted supercritical carbon dioxide according to claim 1 recycles fracturing process, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating to the pressure of the carbon dioxide pressurization after heating is 8MPa or more.
5. a kind of microwave-assisted supercritical carbon dioxide according to claim 1 recycles fracturing process, it is characterised in that: when
Liquid carbon dioxide storage tank (18) liquid level should supplement liquid carbon dioxide when being lower than the one third height of tank.
6. a kind of microwave-assisted supercritical carbon dioxide according to claim 1 recycles fracturing process, it is characterised in that: institute
It is 3.5-4.5m that fracturing borehole (2), which is stated, at a distance from mash gas pumping drilling (3).
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