CN106281618A - 一种铝及铝合金用切削液及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种铝及铝合金用切削液及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106281618A
CN106281618A CN201610661866.6A CN201610661866A CN106281618A CN 106281618 A CN106281618 A CN 106281618A CN 201610661866 A CN201610661866 A CN 201610661866A CN 106281618 A CN106281618 A CN 106281618A
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赵小军
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Zhejiang Mould Petrochemical Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种铝及铝合金用切削液及其制备方法，该切削液的重量百分比组成为：10号变压器油15～50%，46号环烷基油15～50%，亲水性非离子乳化剂5～20%，氯化石蜡5～15%，蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚2～8%，N,N’‑亚甲基双吗啉1～4%，1,2‑苯并异噻唑啉‑3‑酮0.1～4%，脂肪酸胺2～8%，水溶性极压抗磨剂4～10%，石油磺酸钠2～6%，磷酸酯1～4%，铝缓蚀剂0.5～1%，消泡剂0.01～0.5%；该切削液具有理想的消泡性和乳化性，防锈性和抗腐蚀性好，能有效避免铝及铝合金加工过程中因切削液未完全乳化而造成的铝材表面黑斑问题，从而大幅提高铝材加工质量和加工效率。

Description

一种铝及铝合金用切削液及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及切削液及其制备技术领域，具体是一种铝及铝合金用切削液及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前市场上的乳化型铝合金切削液在使用中，会出现稀释液有油皂、乳化速度变慢等现象，未完全乳化的油滴会吸附在工件表面造成黑斑，导致工件报废，影响工件成品率，造成铝材浪费严重，在造成油液浪费的同时，达不到理想的使用效果。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是：针对现有技术的不足，提供一种铝及铝合金用切削液及其制备方法，该切削液具有理想的消泡性和乳化性，防锈性和抗腐蚀性好，能有效避免铝及铝合金加工过程中因切削液未完全乳化而造成的铝材表面黑斑问题，从而大幅提高铝材加工质量和加工效率。
本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案为：铝及铝合金用切削液，其重量百分比组成为：10号变压器油15～50%，46号环烷基油15～50%，亲水性非离子乳化剂5～20%，氯化石蜡5～15%，蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚2～8%，N,N’-亚甲基双吗啉1～4%，1,2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮0.1～4%，脂肪酸胺2～8%，水溶性极压抗磨剂4～10%，石油磺酸钠2～6%，磷酸酯1～4%，铝缓蚀剂0.5～1%，消泡剂0.01～0.5%。
作为优选，所述的亲水性非离子乳化剂由聚异丁烯基丁二酸酐和脂肪酸二乙醇酰胺以（5～10）：（3～8）的重量比混合而成。
作为优选，所述的水溶性极压抗磨剂为磷酸酯、脂肪酸酯和含硫极压酯的混合物，其磷含量为0.51～0.72wt%，硫含量为3.5～4.9wt%。
作为优选，所述的消泡剂为水溶性非硅消泡剂。
作为优选，所述的铝缓蚀剂为上海宏泽化工有限公司提供的型号为ASI-80的产品。
上述铝及铝合金用切削液的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）按照配比准确称取制备切削液所需各原料；
（2）将10号变压器油和46号环烷基油投入调和釜中，在常温下充分搅拌30 min，然后投入亲水性非离子乳化剂和蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚并在常温下充分搅拌20 min，再投入氯化石蜡并在常温下充分搅拌20 min；
（3）将1,2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮在50 ℃温度下加热溶解于N,N’-亚甲基双吗啉中，充分搅拌10 min后得到透明的混合物，将该混合物投入所述的调和釜中，之后将调和釜加热至50 ℃恒定温度，充分搅拌调和釜内混合物；
（4）保持调和釜的温度在50 ℃不变，向调和釜内先后投入脂肪酸胺、水溶性极压抗磨剂、石油磺酸钠、磷酸酯、铝缓蚀剂和消泡剂，且每次投料后搅拌15～25 min，最终制备得到铝及铝合金用切削液。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：本发明公开的铝及铝合金用切削液具有理想的消泡性和乳化性，在热稳定性测试中无油皂生成；防锈性和抗腐蚀性好，在防锈性试验中，铝合金试片无锈、光泽如新，在铝腐蚀试验中，铝片无锈蚀、无明显迭印。该切削液能有效避免铝及铝合金加工过程中因切削液未完全乳化而造成的铝材表面黑斑问题，从而大幅提高铝材加工质量和加工效率。该切削液的制备方法简单、可操作性强。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述。
实施例1的铝及铝合金用切削液的重量百分比组成为：10号变压器油40%，46号环烷基油30%，亲水性非离子乳化剂8%，氯化石蜡5%，蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚3%，N,N’-亚甲基双吗啉1%，1,2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮0.3%，脂肪酸胺3%，水溶性极压抗磨剂5%，石油磺酸钠3%，磷酸酯1%，铝缓蚀剂0.5%，消泡剂0.2%；该切削液的制备方法包括以下步骤：
（1）按照配比准确称取制备切削液所需各原料；
（2）将10号变压器油和46号环烷基油投入调和釜中，在常温下充分搅拌30 min，然后投入亲水性非离子乳化剂和蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚并在常温下充分搅拌20 min，再投入氯化石蜡并在常温下充分搅拌20 min；
（3）将1,2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮在50 ℃温度下加热溶解于N,N’-亚甲基双吗啉中，充分搅拌10 min后得到透明的混合物，将该混合物投入所述的调和釜中，之后将调和釜加热至50 ℃恒定温度，充分搅拌调和釜内混合物；
（4）保持调和釜的温度在50 ℃不变，向调和釜内先后投入脂肪酸胺、水溶性极压抗磨剂、石油磺酸钠、磷酸酯、铝缓蚀剂和消泡剂，且每次投料后搅拌15 min，最终制备得到实施例1的铝及铝合金用切削液原液。其5%的稀释液的外观为全乳状液体，经检测，该稀释液的pH值为8.5。
实施例1中，亲水性非离子乳化剂由聚异丁烯基丁二酸酐和脂肪酸二乙醇酰胺以5：6的重量比混合而成；水溶性极压抗磨剂为磷酸酯、脂肪酸酯和含硫极压酯的混合物，其磷含量为0.62wt%，硫含量为3.8wt%；消泡剂和铝缓蚀剂选用市售产品。
实施例2的铝及铝合金用切削液的重量百分比组成为：10号变压器油35%，46号环烷基油25%，亲水性非离子乳化剂10%，氯化石蜡7%，蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚2%，N,N’-亚甲基双吗啉1.5%，1,2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮0.5%，脂肪酸胺4%，水溶性极压抗磨剂8%，石油磺酸钠4%，磷酸酯2%，铝缓蚀剂0.7%，消泡剂0.3%；该切削液的制备方法包括以下步骤：
（1）按照配比准确称取制备切削液所需各原料；
（2）将10号变压器油和46号环烷基油投入调和釜中，在常温下充分搅拌30 min，然后投入亲水性非离子乳化剂和蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚并在常温下充分搅拌20 min，再投入氯化石蜡并在常温下充分搅拌20 min；
（3）将1,2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮在50 ℃温度下加热溶解于N,N’-亚甲基双吗啉中，充分搅拌10 min后得到透明的混合物，将该混合物投入所述的调和釜中，之后将调和釜加热至50 ℃恒定温度，充分搅拌调和釜内混合物；
（4）保持调和釜的温度在50 ℃不变，向调和釜内先后投入脂肪酸胺、水溶性极压抗磨剂、石油磺酸钠、磷酸酯、铝缓蚀剂和消泡剂，且每次投料后搅拌15～25 min，最终制备得到实施例2的铝及铝合金用切削液原液。其5%的稀释液的外观为全乳状液体，经检测，该稀释液的pH值为8.5。
实施例2中，亲水性非离子乳化剂由聚异丁烯基丁二酸酐和脂肪酸二乙醇酰胺以8：5的重量比混合而成；水溶性极压抗磨剂为磷酸酯、脂肪酸酯和含硫极压酯的混合物，其磷含量为0.59wt%，硫含量为4.4wt%；消泡剂选用市售水溶性非硅消泡剂，例如上海宏泽化工有限公司提供的型号为DF520的产品；铝缓蚀剂选用上海宏泽化工有限公司提供的型号为ASI-80的产品，其是一种磷酸酯类强力缓蚀剂，理化性能参数为：20℃的外观为无色可流动液体，纯度（核磁共振）＞96.0，固体含量（%w/w）78.0-82.0，乙醇含量（%w/w）9.0-11.0，水含量（%）9.0-11.0，色度50max，密度（25℃，g/cm3）1.01，pH（5%的水溶液）2.3，NaCl含量1.5max，粘度（25℃，mPa·s）85，比重（20℃，g/cm3）1.02，倾点（℃）10。
对于实施例1和实施例2的切削液，均进行热稳定性试验、防锈性试验和铝腐蚀试验，具体试验过程如下：
1、热稳定性试验
将95%的水倒入具塞量筒中，再取5%的切削液原液加入该具塞量筒中，塞紧具塞量筒的塞子，摇晃，然后将具塞量筒放入80℃的恒温水浴锅内，水浴加热24h后取出，观察具塞量筒内液面油皂的厚度，油皂厚度小于0.5mm判定为合格。经检测，实施例1和实施例2的切削液的油皂厚度均小于0.5mm，说明其热稳定性较好。
2、防锈性试验
参照GB/T 6144-2010《合成切削液》的5.6节“腐蚀性试验”进行一级灰口铸铁防锈性试验，分别对实施例1和实施例2的切削液原液进行稀释，稀释液中切削液原液的含量为2%。35±2℃/24h单片试验后发现，铸铁片无锈、光泽如新，达到A级合格标准。
3、铝腐蚀试验
参照GB/T 6144-2010《合成切削液》的5.7节“单片、叠片防锈性试验”进行标准铝片的叠片防锈性试验，分别对实施例1和实施例2的切削液原液进行稀释，稀释液中切削液原液的含量为5%。55±2℃/8h叠片试验后发现，铝片无锈蚀、无明显迭印，达到合格标准。

Claims (6)

1.一种铝及铝合金用切削液，其特征在于，其重量百分比组成为：10号变压器油15～50%，46号环烷基油15～50%，亲水性非离子乳化剂5～20%，氯化石蜡5～15%，蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚2～8%，N,N’-亚甲基双吗啉1～4%，1,2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮0.1～4%，脂肪酸胺2～8%，水溶性极压抗磨剂4～10%，石油磺酸钠2～6%，磷酸酯1～4%，铝缓蚀剂0.5～1%，消泡剂0.01～0.5%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种铝及铝合金用切削液，其特征在于，所述的亲水性非离子乳化剂由聚异丁烯基丁二酸酐和脂肪酸二乙醇酰胺以（5～10）：（3～8）的重量比混合而成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种铝及铝合金用切削液，其特征在于，所述的水溶性极压抗磨剂为磷酸酯、脂肪酸酯和含硫极压酯的混合物，其磷含量为0.51～0.72wt%，硫含量为3.5～4.9wt%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种铝及铝合金用切削液，其特征在于，所述的消泡剂为水溶性非硅消泡剂。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种铝及铝合金用切削液，其特征在于，所述的铝缓蚀剂为上海宏泽化工有限公司提供的型号为ASI-80的产品。
6.权利要求1-5中任一项所述的铝及铝合金用切削液的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）按照配比准确称取制备切削液所需各原料；
（2）将10号变压器油和46号环烷基油投入调和釜中，在常温下充分搅拌30 min，然后投入亲水性非离子乳化剂和蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚并在常温下充分搅拌20 min，再投入氯化石蜡并在常温下充分搅拌20 min；
（3）将1,2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮在50 ℃温度下加热溶解于N,N’-亚甲基双吗啉中，充分搅拌10 min后得到透明的混合物，将该混合物投入所述的调和釜中，之后将调和釜加热至50 ℃恒定温度，充分搅拌调和釜内混合物；
（4）保持调和釜的温度在50 ℃不变，向调和釜内先后投入脂肪酸胺、水溶性极压抗磨剂、石油磺酸钠、磷酸酯、铝缓蚀剂和消泡剂，且每次投料后搅拌15～25 min，最终制备得到铝及铝合金用切削液。
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