CN106278487A - A kind of automatic controlling device utilizing afforestation castoff compost organic and inorganic fertilizer and method - Google Patents
A kind of automatic controlling device utilizing afforestation castoff compost organic and inorganic fertilizer and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106278487A CN106278487A CN201610859345.1A CN201610859345A CN106278487A CN 106278487 A CN106278487 A CN 106278487A CN 201610859345 A CN201610859345 A CN 201610859345A CN 106278487 A CN106278487 A CN 106278487A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
nullThe invention discloses a kind of automatic controlling device utilizing afforestation garbage organic and inorganic fertilizer，Comprising: separation reducing mechanism、Packaged type trolley、Transmission system、Fermentation warehouse and dispensing mixing warehouse，Fermentation warehouse includes compost warehouse、It is arranged at the temperature and the moisture content that are respectively used to measure afforestation garbage of compost warehouse、PH value、The soil moisture content sensor of oxygen content、PH sensor and oxygen level sensor、It is respectively used to change greening garbage temperature and oxygen content in in-vessel composting system body、The oxygen supplement cooling system of moisture content and PH and PH regulate system，And thermal source，The invention also discloses a kind of method utilizing afforestation garbage organic and inorganic fertilizer，Comprise the following steps: first pulverize，Carry out fermentation processes again and process 12 15 days，Then the process of organic and inorganic fertilizer program is carried out.Present invention achieves composting process Aulomatizeted Detect and control mode, solve the problem that compost nutrient content is low, improve fertilizer efficiency simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to afforestation changing rejected material to useful resource field, particularly relate to one and utilize afforestation castoff compost
The automatic controlling device of organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer processed and method.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of China's urban afforestation, the yield of urban landscaping garbage grows with each passing day.According to 2014 3
" Chinese territory greening situation publication in 2013 " display of moon office of National Aflorestation Environmental Protection Commission issue: built-up areas, National urban are green
Changing coverage rate 39.59%, ratio of green space 35.72%, wherein built-up areas, National urban greening area coverage 181.2 ten thousand hm2, the greenest
Change Municipal Garbage Yield number with ten million ton.At present, the afforestation garbage in China's major part city still uses and with landfill or burning is
Main end treatment mode, China has the green garbage of more than 80% to be processed by landfill or simple landfill according to statistics, this
Plant traditional processing mode and not only cause environmental pollution, also bring the wasting of resources, do not meet China's Resources for construction economizing type
The requirement of friendly environment society.
Utilizing afforestation castoff compost composting material is one of the mode of its recycling.Owing to afforestation is discarded
Thing composition is simple, compares other municipal solid wastes such as house refuse, and its contamination of raw material is little, without heavy metal, utilizes gardens
The fertilizer product safety that greening castoff compost makes is good, is easily acceptable to the market, has good ecological benefits.But utilize
Afforestation castoff compost composting material exist following of both problem: first, the compost time is long, composting material aqueous
The factors such as rate, temperature, pH, oxygen content and C/N can affect composted process and composting cycle, and traditional compost method is to these
The part factor is difficult to Comprehensive Control, and the control of monofactor is again less than satisfied compost effect；Second, the gardens after composting are green
Change castoff compost often nutrient content is low and Different Nutrient Elements content uneven, it is difficult to directly utilize as fertilizer, it is impossible to
Fully meet the growth demand of plant.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, an object of the present invention be to provide one utilize afforestation castoff compost be shaped with machine-
The automatic controlling device of inorganic fertilizer, it is achieved that the use Aulomatizeted Detect of composting process Factors and control mode, solves
The problem that the afforestation castoff compost nutrient content of having determined conventional is low, and improve fertilizer efficiency simultaneously.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts the technical scheme that:
A kind of automatic controlling device utilizing afforestation garbage organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer, including:
Separate reducing mechanism, for the pulverizing to afforestation garbage；
Packaged type trolley, the afforestation garbage after pulverizing carries out pretreatment, will be adjusted to (25 by C/N
～30): 1, moisture content is adjusted to 55%～65%；
Transmission system, for pouring afforestation garbage into fermentation warehouse from packaged type trolley；
Fermentation warehouse, including warehouse support, be placed on warehouse support the compost warehouse for piling up afforestation garbage,
The temperature measuring afforestation garbage that is respectively used to being arranged at compost warehouse passes with moisture content, pH value, the soil moisture content of oxygen content
Sensor, PH sensor and oxygen level sensor, it is respectively used to change greening garbage temperature and oxygen content in in-vessel composting system body, aqueous
The oxygen supplement cooling system of rate and PH and moisture content and PH regulate system, and thermal source, and wherein side, compost warehouse upper end is provided with and sends out
Ferment storehouse entrance, the lower end of its upper end opposite side is connected with dispensing mixing warehouse, is provided with discharging opening bottom it；For factor of influence
Control, promote composting efficiency and quality, shorten composting cycle.
Dispensing mixing warehouse, for by containing N, P, dispensing and the gardens after described fermentation warehouse ferments of K element
Greening garbage makes organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer.
Central controller, for controlling the dynamic of separation reducing mechanism, transmission system, fermentation warehouse and dispensing mixing warehouse
Make.
It is equipped with on described separation reducing mechanism, transmission system, fermentation warehouse and dispensing mixing warehouse and controls with central authorities
The wireless transmitter that device matches.
It also includes that deodoration system, described deodoration system include air exhauster, deodorization tank, tail gas distributor pipe, described deodorization
Being provided with absorption material in pond, described tail gas distributor pipe is provided with some aeration apertures, and tail gas distributor pipe passes through aeration aperture described
Aeration in absorption material, wherein the air inlet of air exhauster is connected with compost warehouse, the air vent of air exhauster and tail gas distributor pipe phase
Connection, makes absorption material absorb foul smell with aeration form, reaches deodorizing effect.
It also includes rotating and turning device, and described rotation and turning device include compost warehouse rotary electric machine and some turn over
Heap hooks, and wherein the external side of in-vessel composting system is provided with warehouse travelling gear, and compost warehouse rotary electric machine is provided with and warehouse travelling gear phase
The motor-driven gear coordinated, turning hooks is located at side in in-vessel composting system body, and is connected with compost warehouse by hinge, and compost warehouse turns
Dynamic process heap body is affected by gravity to roll in in-vessel composting system body, and makes heap body mix with additive under the swing that turning hooks
Close evenly.
Described separation reducing mechanism includes first pulverizer, secondary pulverizer, pulverizing warehouse and for supporting crushing bin
The pulverizer support of body, wherein said pulverizing warehouse upper end is provided with screen cloth, and screen cloth is arranged over pulverizer feeding mouth, described powder
Broken warehouse lower end is provided with the pulverizer discharging opening of the lower section being placed in secondary pulverizer, and first pulverizer and secondary pulverizer are placed in
In crushing bin body, and the top of secondary pulverizer is located at by first pulverizer.
Described transmission system includes for packaged type trolley is placed in the translating device separating reducing mechanism discharging opening
And lifting device, packaged type trolley passes sequentially through translating device and lifting device and is fallen by pretreated afforestation garbage
Enter the warehouse that ferments.
Described dispensing mixing warehouse includes machine inorganic fertilizer device, is provided with and turns in described organic and inorganic fertilizer device
Motivation structure, equipped with fly cutter on described rotating mechanism, the side of described organic and inorganic fertilizer device upper end is provided with for containing
N, P, the dispensing of K element put into the ingredients mouth of organic and inorganic fertilizer device, and its opposite side is another with described compost warehouse lower end
Side is connected by the first outlet valve.
Described oxygen supplement cooling system includes aerator, porous aeration tube, and wherein the external side of in-vessel composting system is located at by aerator, its
Air vent connects with porous aeration tube, and its air inlet communicates with air.
Described moisture content and pH regulator system include the micro-spraying equipment of porous being located in in-vessel composting system body, and it also includes being located at
The external water tank of in-vessel composting system, akaline liquid holding vessel, reversal valve, force (forcing) pump, much the most described water tank side be provided with for
By itself and the moisturizing electrodynamic valve of municipal administration water pipe conducting, it is internally provided with water tank liquidometer, inside described akaline liquid holding vessel
Being provided with akaline liquid holding vessel liquidometer, the opposite side of the first inlet communication water tank of described reversal valve, its second import is even
Logical akaline liquid holding vessel, the import of its outlet force (forcing) pump, the micro-spraying equipment of described porous is connected with pressurization delivery side of pump,
Whole moisture content and pH regulator system spray mode keep the skin wet and nutrient to heap body.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of side utilizing afforestation garbage organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer
Method, its composting process is short, and compost is effective.
A kind of method utilizing afforestation garbage organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer, it comprises the following steps:
Step 1, afforestation garbage is carried out fermented pretreatment；
Step 2, afforestation garbage step 1 obtained carry out fermenting in pouring fermentation cabin body into by transmission system
Process control processes, and the process time is 12-15 days；
Step 3, afforestation garbage step 2 obtained put in dispensing mixing bunker body, then will be containing N, P, K element
Dispensing put into dispensing mixing warehouse, mix, the process of organic-inorganic fertilizer program.
Described step 1 comprises the following steps:
Step 11, first pulverizer will be put into except the afforestation garbage after bigger trunk and pulverize for the first time, at the beginning of making
Particle diameter≤20mm after secondary pulverizing；
Step 12, afforestation garbage step 11 obtained are put into secondary pulverizer and are carried out finely divided, make two wheat-middlings
Broken rear particle diameter≤5mm；
Step 13, afforestation garbage step 12 obtained are put into packaged type trolley and are carried out pretreatment, make gardens
The C/N of greening garbage is adjusted to (25～30): 1, and moisture content is adjusted to 55%～65%；
Described step 2 comprises the following steps:
By the moisture content of afforestation garbage in soil moisture content Sensor monitoring in-vessel composting system body and temperature, passed by pH simultaneously
In sensor monitoring in-vessel composting system body, the pH value of afforestation garbage, when described moisture content<55%, and described pH value>6.8, opens
Dynamic force (forcing) pump, so that the water in water tank is sprayed to afforestation garbage by the micro-spraying equipment of porous, and starts compost simultaneously
Warehouse rotary electric machine, is hooked by turning and is stirred afforestation garbage；
When described moisture content < 55%, and described pH value < when 6.8, starts force (forcing) pump, so that in akaline liquid holding vessel
Alkaline water is sprayed to afforestation garbage by the micro-spraying equipment of porous, starts compost warehouse rotary electric machine simultaneously, passes through turning
Hook and afforestation garbage is stirred；
When described moisture content > 60% or pH value > 7.8 time, reversal valve is resetted and stops force (forcing) pump, so that in water tank
The alkaline water of water and akaline liquid holding vessel all stops spraying to afforestation garbage, stops compost warehouse simultaneously and rotates electricity
Machine；
When afforestation garbage put into compost warehouse 48 little time temperature less than 50 DEG C time, open thermal source, when being higher than
When 60 DEG C, stop thermal source；When described temperature is higher than 50 DEG C, and when described oxygen content is less than 10%, start aerator, so that compost
Air outside warehouse passes through porous aeration tube aeration in in-vessel composting system body；When described temperature is higher than 68 DEG C, start aerator, when
When described temperature is less than 60 DEG C, stop aerator；When described temperature is higher than 50 DEG C, and oxygen content more than 15% or temperature is less than 50
DEG C time, stop aerator；
When described oxygen content is more than 10%, run 15 minutes at interval of 2 hours startup air exhausters 12, so that compost warehouse
Interior foul smell through tail gas distributor pipe aeration absorption material in；By the water level in liquidometer monitoring water tank in water tank, when described
When water level is less than the range of normal value of water level settings, open moisturizing electrodynamic valve, with the water in supplementary water tank；When described water level is high
When the range of normal value of water level settings, close moisturizing electrodynamic valve.
Compared with prior art, it has the beneficial effects that the present invention:
1, use Aulomatizeted Detect and the control mode of composting process Factors are achieved.Contain in the middle of compost overall process
Water rate, temperature, oxygen content, pH value are important Factors, and compared with traditional compost method, the present invention can pass through real-time online
Monitoring makes Factors be maintained at suitable scope (moisture content: 55%～60%, temperature 50 C～65 DEG C, oxygen content: be not less than
10%, pH value: 6.8～7.8), promote composting process, shorten the compost time, promote compost effect.
2, the problem that conventional afforestation castoff compost nutrient content is low is solved.Conventional afforestation garbage
What compost obtained become thoroughly decomposed expects that often nutrient content is low and Different Nutrient Elements is uneven, it is difficult to directly utilize as fertilizer.This
By adding different nutrients in bright, improve the nutrient content of the material that becomes thoroughly decomposed, be adapted to the nutritional need of different plant.
3, organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer can improve fertilizer efficiency.Compared with single fertilizer or inorganic fertilizer, having of manufacture of the present invention
Machine-inorganic fertilizer can regulate the rate of release of soil nitrogen, promotes the plant absorption to nitrogen, improves the utilization of nitrogen
Rate.The most general inorganic phosphorus fertilizer has hygroscopicity and corrosivity, is easily reduced fertilizer efficiency by soil fixing, have after being manured into soil
Using of machine-inorganic fertilizer can reduce phosphorus fixation, thus improves fertilizer efficiency fruit.
4, the integrated of compost fertilizer production apparatus is achieved.Material after compost terminates in cylinder, directly mixes composting with dispensing,
Mechanical automation runs, simple to operate, saves human cost, steady quality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is to be that the present invention utilizes the automatic controlling device structure of afforestation garbage organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer to show
It is intended to；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart that the present invention utilizes the method for afforestation garbage organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer；
Fig. 3 is the logical flow chart that compost initial stage temperature of the present invention controls with oxygen content regulation；
Fig. 4 is moisture content of the present invention and the logical flow chart of pH value regulation control；
Fig. 5 is the logical flow chart that deodoration system of the present invention controls.
Wherein: 1, pulverizer feeding mouth；2, screen cloth；3, first pulverizer；4, secondary pulverizer；5, pulverizer support；6、
Pulverizer discharging opening；7, packaged type trolley；8, translating device；9, lifting device；10, fermentation cabin entrance；11, compost warehouse；
12, air exhauster；13, deodorization tank；14, absorption material；15, tail gas distributor pipe；16, warehouse support；17, pH sensor；18, oxygen content
Sensor；19, soil moisture content sensor；20, warehouse travelling gear；21, motor-driven gear；22, compost warehouse rotary electric machine；23、
Porous aeration tube；24, the micro-spraying equipment of porous；25, turning hooks；26, aerator；27, moisturizing electrodynamic valve；28, water tank；29, storage
Water pot liquidometer；30, akaline liquid holding vessel；31, akaline liquid holding vessel liquidometer；32, reversal valve；33, force (forcing) pump；34、
First outlet valve；35, ingredients mouth；36, organic and inorganic fertilizer device；37, rotating mechanism；38, the second outlet valve；39, discharging
Mouthful.
Detailed description of the invention
With detailed description of the invention, present disclosure is described in further details below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
A kind of automatic controlling device utilizing afforestation garbage organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer, such as Fig. 1, including: separate
Reducing mechanism, packaged type trolley 7, transmission system, fermentation warehouse, dispensing mixing warehouse, deodoration system and rotation and upset dress
Put, central controller, described separation reducing mechanism, transmission system, fermentation warehouse and dispensing mixing warehouse are equipped with in
The wireless transmitter that centre controller matches.Described separation reducing mechanism, transmission system, fermentation warehouse and dispensing mixing bunker
The action of body all uses Wireless Transmitter to control by central controller.
Described fermentation warehouse includes the warehouse support 16 for supporting compost warehouse 11, for piling up afforestation garbage
Compost warehouse 11, be arranged at compost warehouse 11 be respectively used to measure temperature and the moisture content of afforestation garbage, pH value,
The soil moisture content sensor 19 of oxygen content, PH sensor 17 and oxygen level sensor 18, for afforestation garbage is heated
Thermal source, be respectively used to change greening garbage temperature and the oxygen supplement cooling system of oxygen content, moisture content and PH in in-vessel composting system body
Regulating system with moisture content and PH, wherein side, compost warehouse 11 upper end is provided with fermentation cabin entrance 10, the lower end of its opposite side with
Dispensing mixing warehouse is connected；
Described deodoration system includes air exhauster 12, deodorization tank 13, tail gas distributor pipe 15, is provided with suction in described deodorization tank 13
Attached material 14, described tail gas distributor pipe 15 is provided with some aeration apertures, and tail gas distributor pipe 15 passes through aeration aperture in described absorption
Aeration in material 14, wherein the air inlet of air exhauster 12 is connected with compost warehouse 11, and the air vent of air exhauster 12 is distributed with tail gas
Pipe 15 is connected.Described rotation and turning device include that compost warehouse rotary electric machine 22 and some turnings hook 25, wherein in-vessel composting system
Being provided with warehouse travelling gear 20 outside body 11, compost warehouse rotary electric machine 22 is provided with the electricity matched with warehouse travelling gear 20
Machine travelling gear 21, turning is hooked 25 and is located at inside compost warehouse 11, and is connected with compost warehouse 11 by hinge.Described separation
Reducing mechanism includes first pulverizer 3, secondary pulverizer 4, pulverizes warehouse and pulverizer support 5, wherein pulverizes warehouse and is placed in powder
On broken machine support 5, described pulverizing warehouse upper end is provided with screen cloth 2, and screen cloth 2 is arranged over pulverizer feeding mouth 1, described crushing bin
Body lower end is provided with the pulverizer discharging opening 6 of the lower section being placed in secondary pulverizer 4, and first pulverizer 3 and secondary pulverizer 4 are placed in
In crushing bin body, and the top of secondary pulverizer 4 is located at by first pulverizer 3.Described transmission system includes for moving
Dynamic formula trolley 7 is placed in translating device 8 and the lifting device 9 separating reducing mechanism discharging opening, and packaged type trolley 7 passes sequentially through flat
Moving device 8 and lifting device 9 pour pretreated afforestation garbage into fermentation warehouse.Described dispensing mixing warehouse includes
Organic and inorganic fertilizer device 36, is provided with rotating mechanism 37, described rotating mechanism 37 in described organic and inorganic fertilizer device 36
On equipped with fly cutter, the side of described organic and inorganic fertilizer device 36 upper end is provided with for putting containing N, P, the dispensing of K element
Enter the ingredients mouth 35 of organic and inorganic fertilizer device, be additionally provided with between organic and inorganic fertilizer device 36 and discharging opening 39 and control
Second outlet valve 38 of material, its upper end opposite side is connected by the first outlet valve 34 with the opposite side of described compost warehouse 11 lower end
Logical.
Described oxygen supplement cooling system includes aerator 26, porous aeration tube 23, and wherein compost warehouse is located at by aerator 26
Outside, its air vent connects with porous aeration tube 23, and its air inlet communicates with air.If described thermal source native system is in park
Run, the mode of solar energy heating can be used；Some low temperature cigarettes if native system runs in industrial park, in available industry park
Gas, the waste heat of steam；If native system is not having the local operation of conditions above, electrical heating can be used.For heating fermentation warehouse
Feed zone feeds the heap body of latter 48 hours, makes heap body be issued to the fermentation efficiency of optimum in optimal temperature conditions.
Described moisture content and pH regulator system include the micro-spraying equipment of porous 24 being located in in-vessel composting system body, and it also includes setting
Water tank 28 outside compost warehouse 11, akaline liquid holding vessel 30, reversal valve 32, force (forcing) pump 33, wherein said water tank 28
Side is provided with for by itself and the moisturizing electrodynamic valve 27 of municipal administration water pipe conducting, being internally provided with water tank liquidometer 29, described alkali
Property liquid storage tank 30 is internal is provided with akaline liquid holding vessel liquidometer 31, the first inlet communication water tank of described reversal valve 32
28, its second inlet communication akaline liquid holding vessel 30, the import of its outlet force (forcing) pump 33, the micro-spraying equipment of described porous 24
Outlet with force (forcing) pump 33 is connected.
A kind of method of afforestation garbage organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer, it comprises the following steps:
Such as Fig. 2, thick for afforestation garbage branch is selected after separation is removed and pulverize for the first time and separating twice, right
Material after pulverizing carries out pretreatment, and carbon-nitrogen ratio C/N of compost material after pretreatment is (25～30): 1, and moisture content is
55%～60%, compost material after pretreatment carries out compost fermentation.
Compost material after pretreatment can send into fermentation warehouse by forklift or belt conveyor, starts compost.Compost
During Factors moisture content, temperature, oxygen content, pH value by automatic controlling system, compost the 12nd～
15 days, material became thoroughly decomposed, and initially entered organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer program processed.
Later stage purposes according to fertilizer is different, adds containing N, P, the dispensing of K element in the material that becomes thoroughly decomposed, and N element derives from
Carbamide, pin ammonium, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, P element derives from calcium superphosphate, double superhosphate, and K element derives from potassium chloride, sulphuric acid
Potassium, opens tumbler after dispensing addition, utilizes fly cutter quickly to rotate and becomes thoroughly decomposed material and add the mixing of dispensing, and mixing terminates
The rear organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer for preparing, discharging, envelope dress bag.
Embodiment 1:
Pulverizing, gardens are fed by pulverizer feeding mouth 1 after thick for garden garbage branch (diameter >=1.5cm) is selected separation
Rubbish pulverized by first pulverizer 3 after particle diameter≤20mm, by particle diameter≤5mm after secondary pulverizer 4 flour, the most size-reduced machine goes out
Material mouth 6 discharging.
Material after pulverizing enters packaged type trolley 7 and carries out material pretreatment, regulation comminuting matter C/N be (25～
30): 1, moisture content is 55%～65%.Material arrives fermentation by translating device 8, lifting device 9 after above-mentioned pretreatment
Storehouse entrance 10, material starts composting process after entering fermentation warehouse.
In composting process, initial stage temperature controls logical flow chart with oxygen content regulation as it is shown on figure 3, fermentation beginning 48 is little
Time interior when soil moisture content sensor 19 detects the temperature of bringing-up section heap body less than 50 DEG C, central controller is opened thermal source, is made heating
Section material heats up, and when heap temperature is higher than 60 DEG C, central controller stops thermal source.When the temperature in heap body is higher than 68 DEG C,
Aerator 26 startup optimization, when the temperature in heap body is less than 60 DEG C, then aerator 26 shuts down；When the temperature in heap body is higher than
50 DEG C and oxygen level sensor 18 detect that oxygen content is less than 10%, aerator 26 startup optimization.Air is pressurizeed by aerator 26
Being contacted with heap body by porous aeration tube 23, when the temperature in heap body, higher than 50 DEG C and oxygen content, more than 15% or temperature is less than 50
DEG C, aerator 26 is out of service.
Moisture content and pH value regulation in composting process control logical flow chart as shown in Figure 4, when soil moisture content sensor 19
When afforestation garbage moisture content<when 55% and pH sensor 17 detects material pH value>6.8 being detected, central controller
Control reversal valve 32 and turn on pipeline between water tank 28 and force (forcing) pump 33, start force (forcing) pump 33 by the hydraulic pressure in water tank 28 to porous
Micro-spraying equipment 24 forms water smoke, and starts compost warehouse rotary electric machine 22, at motor-driven gear 21 and warehouse driving cog simultaneously
Make compost warehouse 11 rotate under the effect of wheel 20, hook 25 by turning and compost material is stirred；When soil moisture content sensor 19 is visited
Measure afforestation garbage moisture content > 60% time, central controller controls stops force (forcing) pump 33 and compost warehouse rotary electric machine
22, reset reversal valve 32；When soil moisture content sensor 19 detects afforestation garbage moisture content, < 55% and pH sensor 17 detects
To material pH value < when 6.8, central controller controls reversal valve 32 turns on pipeline between akaline liquid holding vessel 30 and force (forcing) pump 33,
Start force (forcing) pump 33 and the alkaline water in akaline liquid holding vessel 30 is formed water smoke to the micro-spraying equipment of porous 24, and start heap simultaneously
Fertile warehouse rotary electric machine 22, makes compost warehouse 11 rotate, is stirred compost material；When soil moisture content sensor 19 detects aqueous
Rate > 60% or pH value > 7.8 time, central controller controls stops force (forcing) pump 33 and compost warehouse rotary electric machine 22, reset reversal valve
32；When water tank liquidometer 29 detects that water level is less than water level settings normal value, central controller 40 controls to open moisturizing electricity
Dynamic valve 27, supplements water in water tank 28；Central authorities' control when water tank liquidometer 29 detects that water level is higher than water level settings normal value
Device processed controls to cut out moisturizing electrodynamic valve 27.It is actually needed according to compost, the water of the micro-spray of above-mentioned porous can add some and be conducive to
The nutrient of compost microbe growth.
Deodoration system in composting process controls logical flow chart as it is shown in figure 5, when material oxygen content is higher than 10%,
Air exhauster 12 ran 15 minutes at interval of 2 hours, and foul smell in fermentation cabin body is existed by air exhauster 12 via tail gas distributor pipe 15 aeration
In the absorption material 14 of deodorization tank 13, make absorption material 14 that foul smell to be adsorbed, reach deodorizing effect, when material oxygen content is less than
When reaching again the operation of air exhauster 12 interval when 10%, wait and when the oxygen content of afforestation garbage is higher than 10%, just run convulsion
Machine 12.
Compost material, through the fermentation maturity of 12～15 days, is opened the first outlet valve 34, is made fermentation materials pass through ingredients mouth
35 enter organic and inorganic fertilizer device 36 processed, add carbamide, mistake by ingredients mouth 35 in organic and inorganic fertilizer device 36
Calcium phosphate, potassium oxide, carbamide, calcium superphosphate, potassium oxide, the mass ratio of compost maturity material is 20:11:4:150, opens rotating machine
Material is stirred, cuts, mixes by structure 37, and the rotating speed of rotating mechanism 37 is 30～50r/min, the operation time be 5～
10min, by discharging opening 39 discharging, envelope dress bag.The Organic-inorganic fertilizer that the present embodiment produces can give corn fertilizing.
Embodiment 2
Identical with the operating procedure of embodiment 1 and compost treatment condition, difference is: compost material is through 12～15
It fermentation maturity, adds ammonium sulfate, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride by ingredients mouth 35 in organic and inorganic fertilizer device 36,
Ammonium sulfate, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride, the mass ratio of compost maturity material are 12:6:1:40.The organic and inorganic that the present embodiment produces
Fertilizer can be as the base fertilizer of Semen Tritici aestivi.
Embodiment 3:
Identical with the operating procedure of embodiment 1 and compost treatment condition, difference is: compost material is through 12～15
It fermentation maturity, adds ammonium sulfate, MAP, potassium sulfate by ingredients mouth 35 in organic and inorganic fertilizer device 36,
Ammonium sulfate, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride, the mass ratio of compost maturity material are 11:5:6:90.The organic and inorganic that the present embodiment produces
Fertilizer can require height to some to phosphorus potassium, and the crop fertilization that nitrogen is slightly lower, such as Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, Bulbus Allii Cepae etc..
Although the present invention is illustrated by specific embodiment, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, without departing from
In the case of the scope of the invention, it is also possible to the present invention is carried out various conversion and equivalent substitutes.It addition, for particular condition or should
With, the present invention can be made various amendment, without deviating from the scope of the present invention.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to disclosed tool
Body embodiment, and the whole embodiments fallen within the scope of the appended claims should be included.
Claims (9)
1. the automatic controlling device utilizing afforestation garbage organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer, it is characterised in that its bag
Include:
Separate reducing mechanism, for the pulverizing to afforestation garbage；
Packaged type trolley (7), for will pulverize after afforestation garbage carry out pretreatment, will C/N be adjusted to (25～
: 1,30) moisture content is adjusted to 55%～65%；
Transmission system, for pouring afforestation garbage into fermentation warehouse from packaged type trolley；
Fermentation warehouse, including the compost warehouse (11) for piling up afforestation garbage, is arranged at dividing of compost warehouse (11)
Yong Yu not measure temperature and moisture content, pH value, the soil moisture content sensor (19) of oxygen content, the pH sensor of afforestation garbage
And oxygen level sensor (18), be used for changing greening garbage temperature and the oxygen supplement cooling of oxygen content in compost warehouse (11) (17)
System, it is used for changing greening garbage moisture content and the moisture content of pH value and pH regulator system, Yi Jire in compost warehouse (11)
Source, wherein compost warehouse (11) side, upper end is provided with fermentation cabin entrance (10), and the first outlet valve is passed through in the lower end of its opposite side
(34) it is connected with dispensing mixing warehouse；
Dispensing mixing warehouse, for by containing N, P, dispensing and the afforestation after described fermentation warehouse ferments of K element
Garbage makes organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer.
Central controller, for controlling separation reducing mechanism, transmission system, fermentation warehouse and the action of dispensing mixing warehouse.
It is equipped with and central controller phase on described separation reducing mechanism, transmission system, fermentation warehouse and dispensing mixing warehouse
The wireless transmitter coordinated.
The automatic controlling device utilizing afforestation garbage organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer the most according to claim 1, its
Being characterised by, it also includes that deodoration system, described deodoration system include air exhauster (12), deodorization tank (13), tail gas distributor pipe
(15), described deodorization tank (13) is inner is provided with absorption material (14), and described tail gas distributor pipe (15) is provided with some aeration apertures, tail gas
Distributor pipe (15) is by aeration aperture aeration in described absorption material (14), the wherein air inlet of air exhauster (12) and compost warehouse
(11) being connected, the air vent of air exhauster (12) is connected with tail gas distributor pipe (15).
The automatic controlling device utilizing afforestation garbage organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer the most according to claim 1, its
Be characterised by, its also include rotate and turning device, described rotation and turning device include compost warehouse rotary electric machine (22) and
Some turnings hook (25), and wherein compost warehouse (11) outside is provided with warehouse travelling gear (20), compost warehouse rotary electric machine (22)
Being provided with the motor-driven gear (21) matched with warehouse travelling gear (20), turning hooks (25) and is located in compost warehouse (11)
Side, and be connected with compost warehouse (11) by hinge.
The automatic controlling device utilizing afforestation garbage organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer the most according to claim 1, its
Being characterised by, described separation reducing mechanism includes first pulverizer (3), secondary pulverizer (4), pulverizes warehouse and be used for supporting
Pulverizing the pulverizer support (5) of warehouse, wherein said pulverizing warehouse upper end is provided with screen cloth (2), and screen cloth (2) is arranged over pulverizing
Machine feeding mouth (1), described pulverizing warehouse lower end is provided with the pulverizer discharging opening (6) of the lower section being placed in secondary pulverizer (4), for the first time
Pulverizer (3) and secondary pulverizer (4) are placed in crushing bin body, and secondary pulverizer (4) is located at by first pulverizer (3)
Top.
The automatic controlling device utilizing afforestation garbage organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer the most according to claim 1, its
Being characterised by, described transmission system includes for packaged type trolley (7) is placed in the translation separating reducing mechanism discharging opening
Device (8) and lifting device (9), packaged type trolley (7) passes sequentially through translating device (8) and lifting device (9) by pretreatment
After afforestation garbage pour fermentation warehouse into.
The automatic controlling device utilizing afforestation garbage organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer the most according to claim 1, its
Being characterised by, described dispensing mixing warehouse includes machine inorganic fertilizer device (36), described organic and inorganic fertilizer device
(36) rotating mechanism (37) it is provided with in, equipped with fly cutter on described rotating mechanism (37), described organic and inorganic fertilizer device (36)
The side of upper end is provided with for the ingredients mouth by putting into organic and inorganic fertilizer device (36) containing N, P, the dispensing of K element
(35), the opposite side of its upper end is connected by the first outlet valve (34) with the opposite side of described compost warehouse (11) lower end, its
Bottom is provided with discharging opening (39).
The automatic controlling device utilizing afforestation garbage organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer the most according to claim 1, its
Being characterised by, described oxygen supplement cooling system includes aerator (26), porous aeration tube (23), and wherein heap is located at by aerator (26)
Fertile warehouse (11) outside, its air vent connects with porous aeration tube (23), and its air inlet communicates with air.
The automatic controlling device utilizing afforestation garbage organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer the most according to claim 1, its
Being characterised by, described moisture content and pH regulator system include the micro-spraying equipment of the porous (24) being located in in-vessel composting system body, and it also wraps
Include and be located at the outer water tank (28) of compost warehouse (11), akaline liquid holding vessel (30), reversal valve (32), force (forcing) pump (33), its
Described in water tank (28) is internal is provided with water tank liquidometer (29), its side is provided with for by its benefit with municipal administration water pipe conducting
Water electrodynamic valve (27), described akaline liquid holding vessel (30) is internal is provided with akaline liquid holding vessel liquidometer (31), described commutation
The opposite side of the first inlet communication water tank (28) of valve (32), its second inlet communication akaline liquid holding vessel (30), it goes out
The import of mouth connection force (forcing) pump (33), the micro-spraying equipment of described porous (24) is connected with the outlet of force (forcing) pump (33).
9. the method utilizing afforestation garbage organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer, it is characterised in that it includes following step
Rapid:
Step 1, afforestation garbage is carried out fermented pretreatment；
Step 2, afforestation garbage step 1 obtained carry out sweat control in pouring fermentation cabin body into by transmission system
System processes, and the process time is 12-15 days；
Step 3, afforestation garbage step 2 obtained put in dispensing mixing bunker body, then by containing N, P, the joining of K element
Dispensing mixing warehouse put into by material, mixes, the process of organic-inorganic fertilizer program.
Described step 1 comprises the following steps:
Step 11, first pulverizer (3) will be put into except the afforestation garbage after bigger trunk and pulverize for the first time, make first
Particle diameter≤20mm after pulverizing；
Step 12, afforestation garbage step 11 obtained are put into secondary pulverizer (4) and are carried out finely divided, make separating twice
Rear particle diameter≤5mm；
Step 13, afforestation garbage step 12 obtained are put into packaged type trolley (7) and are carried out pretreatment, make gardens green
The C/N changing garbage is adjusted to (25～30): 1, and moisture content is adjusted to 55%～65%；
Described step 2 comprises the following steps:
By moisture content and the temperature of soil moisture content sensor (19) monitoring compost warehouse (11) interior afforestation garbage, pass through simultaneously
The pH value of pH sensor (17) monitoring compost warehouse (11) interior afforestation garbage, when described moisture content < 55%, and described pH
Value > 6.8 time, start force (forcing) pump (33) so that the water in water tank (28) by the micro-spraying equipment of porous (24) to afforestation give up
Gurry sprays, and starts compost warehouse rotary electric machine (22) simultaneously, hooks (25) by turning and stirs afforestation garbage
Mix；
When described moisture content < 55%, and described pH value < when 6.8, starts force (forcing) pump (33), so that akaline liquid holding vessel (30)
Interior alkaline water is sprayed to afforestation garbage by the micro-spraying equipment of porous (24), starts compost warehouse rotary electric machine simultaneously
(22), hook (25) by turning afforestation garbage is stirred；
When described moisture content > 60% or pH value > 7.8 time, reversal valve (32) is resetted and stops force (forcing) pump (33), so that water tank
(28) water and the alkaline water of akaline liquid holding vessel (30) in all stop spraying to afforestation garbage, stop compost simultaneously
Warehouse rotary electric machine (22)；
When afforestation garbage put into compost warehouse 48 little time temperature less than 50 DEG C time, open thermal source, when higher than 60 DEG C
Time, stop thermal source；When described temperature is higher than 50 DEG C, and when described oxygen content is less than 10%, start aerator (26), so that compost
Warehouse (11) air outward passes through porous aeration tube (23) aeration in compost warehouse (11)；When described temperature is higher than 68 DEG C,
Start aerator (26), when described temperature is less than 60 DEG C, stop aerator (26)；When described temperature is higher than 50 DEG C, and oxygen contains
Amount more than 15% or temperature less than 50 DEG C time, stop aerator (26)；
When described oxygen content is more than 10%, at interval of startup air exhauster (12) operation in 2 hours 15 minutes, so that compost warehouse
(11) interior foul smell is expected in (14) in absorption through tail gas distributor pipe (15) aeration；Water tank is monitored by water tank liquidometer (29)
(28) water level in, when described water level is less than the range of normal value of water level settings, opens moisturizing electrodynamic valve (27), with supplementary storage
Water in water pot (28)；When described water level is higher than the range of normal value of water level settings, close moisturizing electrodynamic valve (27).
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| CN106977241A (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2017-07-25 | 中海油能源发展股份有限公司北京安全环保工程技术研究院 | A kind of aerobic compost reactor |
| CN107903091A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-04-13 | 黄业生 | The pollution treatment of intermittent cyclic tank and the method for system fertilizer consumption organic solid waste pollutant |
| CN108147856A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-06-12 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所 | A kind of innoxious biochemical treatment fertilizer producing equipment of stalk |
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| CN111778292A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-10-16 | 四川华地康生态农业有限公司 | Agricultural solid waste biological fermentation method |
| CN112341255A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-02-09 | 兰陵县工程机械配件厂 | Organic waste treatment production line |
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| CN106977241A (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2017-07-25 | 中海油能源发展股份有限公司北京安全环保工程技术研究院 | A kind of aerobic compost reactor |
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| CN108147856A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-06-12 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所 | A kind of innoxious biochemical treatment fertilizer producing equipment of stalk |
| CN108276039A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-07-13 | 自贡佳禾新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of method and its device improving storehouse formula fermentation solid organic fertilizer decomposing degree |
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| CN109534861A (en) * | 2018-09-23 | 2019-03-29 | 南京登博生态科技股份有限公司 | Integral type garden waste fermentor |
| CN109851412A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-06-07 | 东莞市园林绿化工程有限公司 | A kind of garden waste processing unit and processing and utilization method |
| CN111302842A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-06-19 | 环创(厦门）科技股份有限公司 | Processing system of gardens rubbish |
| CN111778292A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-10-16 | 四川华地康生态农业有限公司 | Agricultural solid waste biological fermentation method |
| CN112341255A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-02-09 | 兰陵县工程机械配件厂 | Organic waste treatment production line |
| CN112608171A (en) * | 2021-01-01 | 2021-04-06 | 浙江大学 | Method for treating organic waste by closed fermentation bin |
| CN117510252A (en) * | 2024-01-08 | 2024-02-06 | 呼伦贝尔市生态环境保护与发展中心 | Green garbage composting integrated device and composting process thereof |
| CN117510252B (en) * | 2024-01-08 | 2024-03-12 | 呼伦贝尔市生态环境保护与发展中心 | Green garbage composting integrated device and composting process thereof |
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