CN106259434B - A kind of the fungicide mixture formula and preparation method of enhancing thiophanate-methyl preventive effect - Google Patents
A kind of the fungicide mixture formula and preparation method of enhancing thiophanate-methyl preventive effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN106259434B CN106259434B CN201510281785.9A CN201510281785A CN106259434B CN 106259434 B CN106259434 B CN 106259434B CN 201510281785 A CN201510281785 A CN 201510281785A CN 106259434 B CN106259434 B CN 106259434B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of the fungicide mixture formulas and preparation method of enhancing thiophanate-methyl preventive effect, are related to disinfectant use in agriculture application field.The agricultural bactericidal mixture includes two kinds of effective ingredients of thiophanate-methyl and quick lime, and the quality parts ratio of two kinds of compositions is 1:1‑1:20, containing there are two types of effective ingredient medicament or substances to use preceding direct mixing, wherein thiophanate-methyl is active compound either with various preparations that thiophanate-methyl is main effective ingredient.The agricultural bactericidal mixture is mainly used for tree body and applies branch, applies dry or winter-spring season and whitewash, it can also be used to which rainy season sprays, and can substitute Bordeaux mixture or Bordeaux's slurry prevention fruit tree forest trunk disease or prevent leaf diseases in rainy season.The agricultural bactericidal mixture invented overcomes Bordeaux mixture not have the problems such as interior suction therapeutic effect, preparation method cumbersome and largely caused after uses environmental pollution, the advantages that keeping Bordeaux mixture lasting period long, resistance of rainwater washing against, for the exploitation of fungicide, using providing new thinking.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to disinfectant use in agriculture application field, it is related to a kind of containing thiophanate-methyl and quick lime fungicide mixture
Formula and preparation method.
Background technology
Thiophanate-methyl category benzimidazole germicide has interior suction, protects, roots out and therapeutic effect, wide sterilization spectrum,
There is good control effect for various crop disease.In the prevention of fruit diseases, thiophanate-methyl rots to apple tree
The multiple diseases such as sick, limb and fruit ring spot, bagged fruit diplostomiasis, the anthracnose of blade and fruit have good prevention
Effect；And have many advantages, such as wide spectrum, efficiently, it is safety, low toxicity, economical, be the preferred medicament for preventing fruit diseases.However, methyl
Thiophanate not resistance of rainwater washing against, by sunlight（Ultraviolet）It is easy to decompose, the lasting period is short, and one can only be maintained under general condition
Week left and right, be especially difficult to play it in rainy season and be effectively protected and therapeutic effect, to limit its application.
Bordeaux mixture is the rainy season prevention important medicament of fruit diseases, has many advantages, such as that the lasting period is long, resistance of rainwater washing against.So
And Bordeaux mixture does not have interior suction therapeutic effect, preparation method is cumbersome, cannot be mixed with most insecticides and acaricide, orchard worker
It is reluctant to use, and the copper ion in Bordeaux mixture cannot decompose, a large amount of uses for years can cause copper in the environment of orchard
Ion increases and the deterioration of the ecological environment.
Traditional viewpoint is easily decomposed it also holds that chemical bactericide is unstable under alkaline condition, thus organic bactericide and
Insecticide cannot be mixed with alkaline matter, otherwise can accelerate the decomposition rate of medicament, and the control effect for reducing medicament even fails.
Lime is in alkalinity, and lime and chemical bactericide are used in mixed way by few people in production practices and scientific experimentation.
Lime has good sterilization effect.Lime forms calcium hydroxide after meeting water or humidity, is in strong basicity, to mould
Bacterium and bacterium have strong killing effect.Lime is widely used disinfectant in agricultural production, is usually used in soil disinfection；Stone
Buck is frequently used for seed and seedling treatment；After lime spraying to plant surface, calcium hydroxide is easy to absorb two in air
Carbonoxide forms calcium carbonate, forms white film, adheres to plant surface, is resistant to the rain drop erosion of long period, and white films
Layer is also possible to keep out ultraviolet light and sunlight, balances the temperature of tree body male and female face.
Invention content
For the defect of Bordeaux mixture and thiophanate-methyl, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a set of thiophanate-methyl and lifes
The formula and preparation method of the agricultural bactericidal mixture of lime, to overcome interior suction therapeutic effect that Bordeaux mixture do not have, prepare
After the cumbersome and a large amount of uses of method the problems such as caused environmental pollution；And keep Bordeaux mixture lasting period length, the punching of resistance to rainwater
The advantages that brush；To substitute Bordeaux mixture or Bordeaux's slurry prevention diseases of branches of fruit trees or prevent leaf diseases in rainy season.Meanwhile being
The exploitation of fungicide uses the new thinking of offer.
This invention based on technical principle it is as follows：Thiophanate-methyl is mixed with milk of lime and is sprayed, and dispenser initial stage is available
The bactericidal effect of lime kills the germ of plant surface or inhibits the growth of germ, and protects plant invading from pathogen
Dye；Meanwhile the part methyl thiophanate in admixing medical solutions can be absorbed by plant, inhibit the growth extension for having infected germ, hair
Wave the interior suction therapeutic effect of medicament；Fungicide is mixed with lime spray after, if the degradation speed of thiophanate-methyl is slow, calcium hydroxide
The speed for being converted into charcoal acid calcium is fast, and thiophanate-methyl is mixed in the white film of milk of lime formation, is protected, is kept away by white film
Exempt from direct sunlight and photodissociation, to extend the lasting period of thiophanate-methyl；After meeting rainfall water, thiophanate-methyl is from white film
It releases, plays its bactericidal effect, protect the plants from infecting for germ.
Specific embodiment：Agricultural bactericidal mixture proposed by the present invention includes host agent A and secondary two kinds of agent B.
Active ingredient in host agent A is thiophanate-methyl.The dosage form of host agent A can be wettable powder, suspending agent, moisture
The dosage forms such as shot agent, effective component content are not less than 30%, and corresponding other auxiliary agents are common agricultural surface-active respectively
Agent, such as wetting agent, dispersant and other auxiliary agents, including mineral carrier etc..
Thiophanate-methyl molecular formula is C12H14N4S2, chemical name 1, bis- (3- methoxycarbonyl group -2- ghiourea groups) benzene of 2-, phase
It is 342.39 to molecular mass.Thiophanate-methyl category benzimidazole germicide is a kind of wide spectrum, less toxic fungicide, has interior
It inhales, preventive and therapeutic action, the mechanism of action is worked by being converted into carbendazim in plant and in thalline.
Secondary agent B is then quick lime, make a living grey block or calcium lime powder.
A agent and the preferred quality parts ratio of B agent are 1 in formula combination:1-1:20, be used as spraying when often use ratio be 1:
5-10, the i.e. typical concentrations of A agent are 600mg/kg-875mg/kg (effective ingredient), a concentration of 0.5%-1% of use of B agent；Coating
It is 1 that used time, which often uses ratio,:10-20, i.e. A agent typical concentrations are 7 ‰ -14 ‰, a concentration of 10%-30% of use of B agent.
Specific implementation mode：Two specific examples are tested in conjunction with indoor biological determination of activity and field efficacy, to the present invention
Embodiment and control effect be further described.
Application example one：The influence that lime degrades to methyl spirit bacterium spirit.
Weigh three part 70% of thiophanate-methyl wettable powder（Emerging agriculture agricultural Co., Ltd）, every part of 7.15g（It is converted into
Effective ingredient is 5g）.Preparing quick lime adds a small amount of water, and quick lime is made to clear up completely, and is dried 24 hours in 80 DEG C of baking oven, claims
Cancel two parts, every part of 100g of lime after solution, a copy of it is uniformly mixed with 7.15g thiophanate-methyls；Weigh bentonite two
Part, a copy of it is uniformly mixed by every part of 100g with 7.15g thiophanate-methyls.Thiophanate-methyl, 100g lime, 100g is swollen
Profit soil, the mixture of thiophanate-methyl and lime, methyl sulfur bacterium and bentonitic mixture, are individually positioned in 5 diameter 15cm
Culture dish in, add water 200ml, and be sufficiently stirred mixing, then 5 culture dishes be transferred in 54 DEG C of insulating boxs.Water in ware
Point, it is all dried in 7 days after culture dish is transferred to incubator.5 culture dishes placed respectively in 54 DEG C of insulating boxs 7 days, 14
It and after 28 days, take out 1/3 processing sample respectively from 5 culture dishes, place and sealed in polybag, be transferred to -20 DEG C of ice
It is preserved in case.
All samples after treatment, respectively from the mixed of thiophanate-methyl, lime, bentonite, thiophanate-methyl and lime
In the processing sample for closing object, methyl sulfur bacterium and bentonitic mixture, weigh respectively 64mg, 896mg, 896mg, 960mg and
960mg is added 10ml water and is made into mother liquor, spare.
Germ used by indoor biometrics is Botryosphaeria berengeriana f. sp, the apple for picking up from the villages Laiyang Shandong Province Shui Mutou in 2008
Garden is the single spore separation bacterial strain in Fuji apple twig disease tumor, and number LXS030101 is preserved in 4 DEG C of refrigerator, is used
It is preceding to be activated in potato dextrose agar culture training (PDA), it is spare.
On superclean bench, the PDA culture medium that 39mL is cooled to 50 ~ 55 DEG C is added in the mother liquor 1mL for drawing reagent agent
In, it fully shakes up, the PDA culture medium tablet containing different agents is made, to add the PDA plate of equivalent sterile water as blank pair
According to each processing sets 3 repetitions, and after culture medium solidification, it is (straight to cut bacteria cake with the edge of the card punch self-activation bacterium colony of sterilizing
5 mm of diameter), with transfer needle by pure culture biscuits involvng inoculation in the culture medium central containing different agents, mycelia is face-down, is then transferred to 25 DEG C of perseverances
It cultivates in warm incubator, when blank control colony diameter grows to the 2/3 of culture dish diameter, is measured everywhere with " ten " word interior extrapolation method
The colony diameter of reason.Colony diameter subtracts inoculation bacteria cake diameter, is the growth diameter of bacterium colony.The number based on colony growth diameter
The bacteriostasis rate that Botryosphaeria berengeriana f. sp is grown according to each chemicals treatment is calculated.
Bacteriostasis rate (%)=(growth diameter of growth diameter-processing bacterium colony of control bacterium colony)/(growth of control bacterium colony is straight
Diameter) × 100.
As a result：Test result is shown in Table 1（Attached drawing 1）, after thiophanate-methyl is mixed with lime, handled in 54 DEG C of insulating box
After 7 days, 14 days and 28 days, mixture is respectively 100%, 100% and 96% to the bacteriostasis rate of Target spot pathogen, and handle simultaneously
The bacteriostasis rate of the thiophanate-methyl of same concentrations is 92%, 92% and 94%, and the two does not differ significantly, with the first handled simultaneously
The bacteriostasis rate of base thiophanate and bentonite mixtures（97%, 96% and 96%）Also it is not significantly different.Test mean value table three times
Bright, thiophanate-methyl and quicklime mixture are 95% to the bacteriostasis rate of Target spot pathogen, with thiophanate-methyl individually treated suppression
Bacterium rate（93%）It is not significantly different, the bacteriostasis rate that slightly above quick lime is individually handled（84%）, but difference is not notable.Methyl sulfur bacterium
Spirit and its with lime mix bentonitic mixture handle the growth diameter of bacterium colony significantly less than（P<0.05）Compare the straight of bacterium colony
Diameter is also significantly smaller than the colony diameter for individually using bentonite in treatment, shows three kinds of medicaments containing thiophanate-methyl all to taking turns line
Germ has significant fungistatic effect.
Conclusion：After thiophanate-methyl is mixed with lime, still maintained good efficacy until 28 days, it is independent with thiophanate-methyl
The fungistatic effect of processing is not significantly different, and after showing that thiophanate-methyl is mixed with quick lime, there is no promote methyl sulphur for lime
The degradation of bacterium spirit.
Application example two：Prevent the experiment of anthrax leaf blight.
Testing medicament includes：The water dispersible granules that thiophanate-methyl is 70%, lattice production on Shaanxi dilute 800 times of uses；
The proportioning of Bordeaux mixture is copper sulphate:Quick lime:Water=1:2:200；The use a concentration of 1% of quick lime weighs 50g life stones
The resolution of 50mL water is added in ash, and 1950ml clear water is added and is configured to milk of lime with four layers of filtered through gauze.3000mL water is added to be made into 1%
Limewash.The water dispersible granules for weighing 6.25g thiophanate-methyls 70% are diluted with 3000mL water, mix the milk of lime of 2000mL
Afterwards, it is made into the mixed liquor of thiophanate-methyl and lime.
The pathogen of inoculation is apple anthrax leaf spoting bacteria, the golden marshall apple for picking up from Anhui Dangshan in 2011, through monospore
It detaches, after purification, is saved backup in 4 DEG C of refrigerators.It before inoculation, will preserve in strain transfer to PDA culture medium, 25 DEG C of activation,
When bacterium colony is grown to culture dish 2/3, aerial hyphae is struck off with oese, 25 DEG C are continued culture 2 ~ 3 days.It is grown on bacterium colony to be cultivated
Crocus conidium angle, picking conidium angle are put into appropriate amount of purified water, mixing, with blood counting chamber by spore suspension
Concentration is adjusted to 104A concentration of 0.1% Tween-20 is added in a/mL, spare.Spore suspension now match it is existing, standing time does not surpass
Spend 1 hour.
In Qingdao Agricultural University's Jiangzhou science and technology demonstration, choosing 10 plants, 5 years growth potentials are good, branch is various, leaf within 2014
" loud, high-pitched sound " apple tree of piece health makees experiment tree.Experiment was not used with tree before carrying out the test of pesticide effectiveness any in 5 months
Sterilizing insecticide.When experiment, liquid is equably sprayed onto on whole tree with knapsack electric sprayer, using " two is anti-when spray
One button " spray method, until blade face has liquid to flow down, using clear water as blank control.2 plants of trees of each chemicals treatment, with clear
Water is blank control.
It the 3rd day, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days and 28 days after chemicals treatment, respectively from the apple tree of each chemicals treatment, cuts
3 branches to grow fine, each branch are taken to retain 3 mature leafs in the same size, health is disease-free, be put into ice chest, band
Laboratory is gone back to, Vitro Inoculation Technique is used for.
Processing branch is inserted in into water planting in tissue culture bottle, spore suspension is equably sprayed onto blade with manual sprayer
On, until thering is water droplet to flow down.It will be inoculated with branch plastic sleeve material bag, be transferred to moisturizing culture in 25 DEG C of illumination boxs.24 hours
After solve bag, be cultivated in same incubator 48 hours, when the scab number on blank control group blade is not further added by, inspection
Look into the scab number on each inoculation blade of record.The control effect of medicament is calculated according to the scab number on leaf.
Control effect (%)=(control leaf be averaged scab number-processing leaf be averaged scab number)/(compare leaf be averaged scab number)
×100。
Total Test is repeated 2 times at the end of May and by the end of July respectively, each each medicament is inoculated with 3 branches, totally 9 blades.
As a result：Such as table 2（Attached drawing 2）It is shown, two be repeated 10 times inoculation the experimental results showed that, thiophanate-methyl and raw stone
Grey mixed liquor is 90% to the control effect of anthrax leaf blight, the control effect with Bordeaux mixture（83%）It is not significantly different, but
It is significantly higher than the control effect that thiophanate-methyl and quick lime are used alone, the control effect of two kinds of medicaments is all 72%.All
Test in, thiophanate-methyl and quick lime mixed liquor are better than what thiophanate-methyl was applied alone to the control effect of anthrax leaf blight
Control effect, especially 14 days after administration and 28 days, the control effect of thiophanate-methyl and quick lime mixed liquor up to 94% and
90%, and the control effect that thiophanate-methyl is used alone is only 69% and 56%.
Conclusion：Thiophanate-methyl is used in mixed way with quick lime, hence it is evident that is improved thiophanate-methyl and is prevented anthrax leaf blight
Effect is controlled, and extends the lasting period of medicament, after using 28 days, preventive effect is still up to 90%.
The fungicide mixture prepared according to the present invention can be used for tree body and apply branch, apply dry or winter-spring season and whitewash, it can also be used to rainy season
Spraying.The medicament of spraying has protection concurrently, treats and root out activity, can be used for preventing on a variety of fruit trees or forest by sac fungus, half
Know the fungus-caused disease such as bacterium and basidiomycetes, such as apple tree, pear tree, peach, the rot disease on the limb on cherry fruit tree,
Ring spot, anthracnose, bleeding disease, the anthrax leaf blight of leaf portion, spot defoliation etc..
Agricultural bactericidal mixture is prepared by the present invention to has the following advantages：1）Cost of material is low, and source is wide, prepares and is easy, makes
With conveniently；2）Using proper, significant synergistic effect is shown, protection effect is improved；3）After having used quick lime, significantly prolong
The lasting period of thiophanate-methyl is grown, it is 1 week or so that the thiophanate-methyl lasting period, which is used alone, using being extended to after combined complete
2 ~ 4 weeks；4）Reduce times for spraying, reduces human and material resources, the financial resources input of orchard worker；5）Environmental safety is improved, is alleviated
Chemical pesticide pressure caused by environment.
Description of the drawings：Fig. 1 is the inhibition to ring rot of apple growth of pathogenic bacteria after 1 thiophanate-methyl of table is mixed with lime
Effect；It is average that Fig. 2 is that table 2 sprays the loud, high-pitched sound Apple Leaves of the different agents inoculation anthrax leaf spoting bacteria after different time sampling
Per it is leaf at scab number and control effect.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of fungicide mixture of enhancing thiophanate-methyl preventive effect, it is characterised in that：Including two kinds of thiophanate-methyl and quick lime
The quality parts ratio of effective ingredient, two kinds of compositions is 1:1-1:20, containing there are two types of the medicaments of effective ingredient using preceding directly mixed
It closes, for coating or spray pesticide；
The thiophanate-methyl refers to wettable powder, suspending agent, the water-dispersible grain for main effective ingredient with thiophanate-methyl
Agent or active compound, wherein the content of thiophanate-methyl is not less than 30% in various dosage forms；
The quick lime is lime block, pulverized limestone or the white lime for adding water resolution within 48 hours；
The direct mixing refers to adding a small amount of water to be made into milk of lime after clearing up quick lime, filters off residue, is directly mixed in methyl sulphur
In the prepared liquid of bacterium spirit, used after being diluted to required concentration；Or mix thiophanate-methyl with pulverized limestone, then it is watered
Directly use.
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| CN104412964A (en) * | 2013-08-31 | 2015-03-18 | 天津联一科技有限公司 | Technology of preventing pear from being rotten |
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