CN106247661A - A kind of multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine - Google Patents
A kind of multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN106247661A CN106247661A CN201610654234.7A CN201610654234A CN106247661A CN 106247661 A CN106247661 A CN 106247661A CN 201610654234 A CN201610654234 A CN 201610654234A CN 106247661 A CN106247661 A CN 106247661A
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- vascular
- subelement
- heat exchanger
- refrigeration machine
- pulse tube
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
- F25B9/145—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle pulse-tube cycle
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine, including: compressor: inside is provided with expansion chamber and compression chamber；Vascular element: include n level vascular subelement, n is the integer more than or equal to 1, described vascular element is connected with the compression chamber of described compressor, every one-level vascular subelement includes regenerator, cool end heat exchanger and the vascular being sequentially connected with, and adjacent two vascular subelements are attached by heat bridge or gas piping；Inertia tube unit: one end is connected with the vascular of described vascular element, other end air reservoir connects；Air reservoir: one end is connected with described inertia tube unit, and the other end is connected with the expansion chamber of described compressor.Compared with prior art, the expansion work of energy efficient recovery gas of the present invention, improves the work efficiency of vascular refrigerator.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Cryo Refrigerator field, be specifically related to a kind of multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine.
Background technology
Vascular refrigerator be the sixties in 20th century by proposition common for Gifford and Longthworth of the U.S., have wide
General application prospect.The development experience of vascular refrigerator basic model vascular refrigerator, orifice PTR and afterwards
Several developmental stage such as bidirection air intake type, inertia cast, four valve-type and dual-active plunger type vascular refrigerator.The arteries and veins used now
Control cold major part is bidirection air intake type, inertia cast and both mixing.
But, either bidirection air intake type or inertia cast vascular refrigerator, its expansion work cannot be recovered, be dissipated in
In inertia tube or air reservoir, which dictates that its theoretical efficiencyLess than Carnot efficiencyThis is pulse tube refrigeration
The congenital defect of machine.
Although there being the expansion work of the room temperature recyclable vascular of pushing piston formula, but the utilization of room temperature pushing piston means many
One moving component.Need a kind of simple mechanism and multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine is reclaimed expansion work.
Summary of the invention
Defect that the purpose of the present invention is contemplated to overcome above-mentioned prior art to exist and provide one can reclaim expansion
Merit, it is effectively improved the multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine of refrigerating efficiency and only one of which moving component.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine, this refrigeration machine bag
Include:
Compressor: inside is provided with expansion chamber and compression chamber；
Vascular element: include n level vascular subelement, n is the integer more than or equal to 1, and n is preferably 2, described vascular element with
The compression chamber of described compressor connects, and every one-level vascular subelement includes regenerator, cool end heat exchanger and the vascular being sequentially connected with,
Adjacent two vascular subelements are attached by heat bridge or gas piping；
Inertia tube unit: one end is connected with the vascular of described vascular element, other end air reservoir connects；
Air reservoir: one end is connected with described inertia tube unit, and the other end is connected with the expansion chamber of described compressor.
The principle of the present invention is as follows: is provided with compression chamber and expansion chamber, compression chamber and expansion chamber inside compressor and is not communicated with, but
Its volume can change with piston movement, thus produces pressure wave；Compression chamber connects vascular element, feeds gas into vascular element
Carry out heat exchange, expand after gases at high pressure are cooled and obtain cold, to external world heat exchange, and gas enters inertia tube unit, at inertia
In pipe unit, the pressure phase of gas is changed and is even inverted, and inertia tube unit connects expansion chamber by air reservoir, reclaims and expands
Merit, thus save the energy consumption of compressor, reach to improve the purpose of efficiency of refrigerator.
It addition, the gas of the present invention sequentially passes through compression chamber, vascular element, inertia tube unit, air reservoir and expansion chamber, i.e. from
Compressor sets out, and returns to compressor through loop, and gas will not form direct current in system, thus avoid gas direct current and produce
Energy expenditure, improve the efficiency of whole refrigeration machine.So-called gas direct current, refers to inside machine along a fixed-direction fortune
Dynamic air-flow.
Described compressor includes driver element, staged cylinder, staged piston and by staged cylinder and ladder
The compression chamber of formula piston formation and expansion chamber；Described compression chamber is connected with described vascular element, described expansion chamber and described air reservoir
Connect.
The quantity of described compression chamber and expansion chamber is more than or equal to 1, and described every one-level vascular subelement can individually and a pressure
Contracting chamber connects, it is possible to be jointly connected with a compression chamber with other vascular subelements.
Described driver element includes motor and thermoacoustic machine.Described driver element is preferably motor, particularly linear electric motors.Its
His driving equipment such as electromotor, steam engine etc., as long as this driving equipment can promote piston to move reciprocatingly.
Described vascular subelement can also include room temperature heat exchanger or pre-cooling portion, described room temperature heat exchanger or pre-cooling portion
One end be connected with described regenerator, the other end is connected with compressor.
Described pre-cooling portion includes that the pre-cooling portion room temperature heat exchanger being sequentially connected with, the cold end of pre-cooling portion regenerator and pre-cooling portion change
Hot device, described pre-cooling portion cool end heat exchanger is connected with described regenerator, and described pre-cooling portion room temperature heat exchanger is with described compressor even
Connect.
The cool end heat exchanger of one vascular subelement is by the pre-cooling portion cool end heat exchanger of heat bridge with adjacent vessels subelement
Connecting, now, the two vascular subelement is required to be connected with compression chamber by pipeline；This connection belongs to thermal coupling, by heat
Bridge, is transferred to adjacent vessels subelement by cold from a vascular subelement, carries out internal energy exchange, improves vascular refrigerator
Efficiency；
Or, the cool end heat exchanger of a vascular subelement is connected by the regenerator of gas piping with adjacent vessels subelement
Connecing, now, the vascular subelement with cool end heat exchanger is connected with compression chamber by pipeline, and adjacent vascular subelement only comprises
Regenerator, cool end heat exchanger and vascular, and regenerator is not connected with compressor, this connection belongs to gas coupling, a part is compressed
Gas is delivered to adjacent vessels subelement from a vascular subelement, cools down further, puies forward high-octane utilization ratio.
Described inertia tube unit includes that at least inertia tube, each inertia tube and an air reservoir connect；
The vascular of every one-level vascular subelement can individually connect an inertia tube, and arranges gas between vascular and inertia tube
Body homogenizer；
The vascular of multiple vascular subelements is connected with an inertia tube after also can merging, and arranges gas on each vascular
Body homogenizer.
Each element coaxial arrangement of every one-level vascular subelement, adjacent vessels subelement is coaxially distributed or the distribution of different axle, shape
Become co-axial pulse tube unit or linear type vascular element, use co-axial pulse tube unit that the structure of refrigeration machine can be made more to step up
Gather.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention is embodied in:
(1) compressor uses staged cylinder and piston, only one of which moving component, and staged cylinder and piston are by cylinder
It is divided into compression chamber and expansion chamber, after the compressed gas entrance vascular element of compression chamber carries out heat exchange, expands and obtain cold, and pass through
Inertia tube unit and expansion chamber reclaim expansion work, substantially increase the work efficiency of vascular refrigerator；
(2) finally emptying back into compressor from the gas of compressor, gas at system internal reflux, thus will not be avoided
The energy expenditure that gas backstreaming produces, improves the efficiency of whole refrigeration machine.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of embodiment 2；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of embodiment 3；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of embodiment 4；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of embodiment 5；
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of embodiment 6.
Wherein, 1 is compressor, and 10 is pipeline a, and 101 is pipeline b, and 102 is pipeline c, and 11 is motor, and 12 live for staged
Plug, 13 is expansion chamber a, and 14 is staged cylinder, and 15 is expansion chamber b, and 16 is compression chamber a, and 17 is compression chamber b, and 2 is first order arteries and veins
Pipe unit, 20 is pipeline d, and 21 is first order room temperature heat exchanger, and 22 is first order regenerator, and 23 is first order cool end heat exchanger,
26 is first order vascular, and 27 is gas homogenizer a, and 271 is gas homogenizer b, and 272 is gas homogenizer c, and 28 is inertia tube a,
29 is air reservoir a, and 210 is heat bridge, and 211 is gas piping, and 3 is second level vascular element, and 30 is pipeline e, and 31 is pre-cooling portion room temperature
Heat exchanger, 32 is pre-cooling portion regenerator, and 33 is pre-cooling portion cool end heat exchanger, and 34 is second level regenerator, and 35 is the cold end in the second level
Heat exchanger, 36 is second level vascular, and 361 is vascular, and 37 is gas homogenizer d, and 371 is gas homogenizer e, and 372 is that gas is equal
Even device f, 38 is inertia tube b, and 39 is air reservoir b.
Detailed description of the invention
Elaborating embodiments of the invention below, the present embodiment is carried out under premised on technical solution of the present invention
Implement, give detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following enforcement
Example.
Embodiment 1
As it is shown in figure 1, twin-stage vascular refrigerator is by compressor 1, first order vascular element 2, second level vascular element 3, used
Property pipe a 28, inertia tube b 38, air reservoir a 29, air reservoir b 39, and pipeline a 10, pipeline b 20 and pipeline c 30, heat bridge 210
Composition.
Compressor 1 is made up of linear electric motors 11, staged piston 12, staged cylinder 14, wherein staged piston 12 He
Staged cylinder 14 forms expansion chamber a 13, expansion chamber b 15 and compression chamber a 16.
First order vascular element 2 is cold by the first order room temperature heat exchanger 21 being sequentially connected with, first order regenerator 22, the first order
End heat exchanger 23 and first order vascular 26 form, first order vascular 26 pass sequentially through gas homogenizer a 27 and inertia tube a 28 with
Air reservoir a 29 is connected.
Second level vascular element 3 is cold by the pre-cooling portion room temperature heat exchanger 31 being sequentially connected with, pre-cooling portion regenerator 32, pre-cooling portion
End heat exchanger 33, second level regenerator 34, second level cool end heat exchanger 35 and second level vascular 36 form, and second level vascular 36 depends on
Secondary it is connected with air reservoir b 39 with inertia tube b 38 by gas homogenizer d 37.
Compressor compresses chamber a 16 is by pipeline a 10 and first order room temperature heat exchanger 21 and pre-cooling portion room temperature heat exchanger 31
It is connected.
Compressor expansion chamber a 13 is connected by pipeline e 30 air reservoir b 39, and compressor expansion chamber b 15 is by pipeline d 20
Air reservoir a 29 is connected.
Compressor step formula piston 12, under the drive of motor 11, moves back and forth, compression chamber a 16, expansion chamber a 13 and swollen
The volume of swollen chamber b 15 periodically changes, and produces pressure wave.Pressure wave enters vascular element by pipeline a 10.Enter first
The air-flow of level vascular element 2 produces cold at cool end heat exchanger 23, and is cooled down the cool end heat exchanger in pre-cooling portion by heat bridge 210
33.Thermograde is produced, subsequently into the air-flow of second level vascular element 3 at second level cool end heat exchanger 35 in regenerator 32
Place's swell refrigeration, it is thus achieved that cold, forms thermograde in regenerator 34.Inertia tube a 28 will come from second level vascular element
The phase change of the pressure wave of 2 even inverts, so that the expansion work in first order vascular element is by inertia tube a 28
Transmission is reclaimed to expansion chamber b 15；In like manner, the expansion work in the vascular element of the second level is transmitted to expansion chamber by inertia tube b 38
A13 reclaims.
Embodiment 2:
As in figure 2 it is shown, twin-stage vascular refrigerator, on the basis of embodiment 1, change expansion chamber b 15 into compression chamber b 17, pressure
Contracting chamber b 17 and compression chamber a 16 is respectively by pipeline c 102 and pipeline b 101 and the first vascular element 2 and the second vascular element
3 connect, and two vascular element share an inertia tube b 38 and air reservoir b 39, and air reservoir b39 is by pipeline e 30 and expansion
Chamber a 13 connects, and reclaims expansion work.
Remaining is same as in Example 1.
Embodiment 3:
As it is shown on figure 3, twin-stage vascular refrigerator, on the basis of embodiment 1, cancel the pre-cooling portion of second level vascular element 3,
First order vascular element 2 and second level vascular element 3 is connected by gas piping 211, i.e. first order cool end heat exchanger 23 and the
Two grades of regenerators 34 are connected by gas piping 211, compression chamber a 16 drive.The expansion work of two vascular element is passed through respectively
Expansion chamber a 13 and expansion chamber b 15 reclaims.
Remaining is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4:
As shown in Figure 4, twin-stage vascular refrigerator, on the basis of embodiment 2, changes the cold end of first order vascular element 2
Hot device 23 is connected with gas homogenizer d 37 by gas piping 211, and gas homogenizer d 37 is also connected with second level vascular 36,
So the air-flow of second level vascular element 3 after second level vascular 36 with the air-flow common stream passages through which vital energy circulates of first order vascular element 2
Pipe 361, the other end of gas homogenizer d 37 is connected with air reservoir b 39 with inertia tube b 38 by vascular 361, first order vascular
The cool end heat exchanger 23 of unit is connected with the pre-cooling portion cool end heat exchanger 33 of second level vascular element by heat bridge 210.
Remaining is with embodiment 2.
Embodiment 5:
As it is shown in figure 5, twin-stage vascular refrigerator, this structure is coaxial type structure.By each parts and the vascular of vascular element
Being coaxially disposed, the structure that so can make vascular refrigerator is compacter.Its principle is the same as in Example 4.
Remaining is with embodiment 4.
Embodiment 6:
As shown in Figure 6, twin-stage vascular refrigerator, structure is coaxial type.The pressure wave that compression chamber a 16 produces is flowing through the
One-level room temperature heat exchanger 21, first order regenerator 22 and first order cool end heat exchanger 23 rear portion enter second level vascular element
3, after after second level vascular 36, flow directly into the gas of vascular 361 with another part together with by inertia tube b 38, expand
Merit is inflated chamber a 13 and reclaims.Its principle is similar to Example 3.
Air reservoir can be a part for expansion chamber dead volume.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is to be understood that for ease of those skilled in the art and use invention.
These embodiments obviously easily can be made various amendment by person skilled in the art, and described herein typically
Principle is applied in other embodiments without through performing creative labour.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to above-described embodiment, ability
Field technique personnel should be the present invention's according to the announcement of the present invention, the improvement made without departing from scope and amendment
Within protection domain.
Claims (10)
1. a multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine, it is characterised in that this refrigeration machine includes:
Compressor: inside is provided with expansion chamber and compression chamber；
Vascular element: include n level vascular subelement, n is the integer more than or equal to 1, described vascular element and described compressor
Compression chamber connects, and every one-level vascular subelement includes regenerator, cool end heat exchanger and the vascular being sequentially connected with, adjacent two vasculars
Subelement is attached by heat bridge or gas piping；
Inertia tube unit: one end is connected with the vascular of described vascular element, other end air reservoir connects；
Air reservoir: one end is connected with described inertia tube unit, and the other end is connected with the expansion chamber of described compressor.
A kind of multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described compressor includes driving list
Unit, staged cylinder, staged piston and the compression chamber formed by staged cylinder and staged piston and expansion chamber；Described
Compression chamber is connected with described vascular element, and described expansion chamber is connected with described air reservoir.
A kind of multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described compression chamber and the number of expansion chamber
Amount is more than or equal to 1, and described every one-level vascular subelement can individually be connected with a compression chamber, it is possible to other vascular subelements altogether
It is connected with a compression chamber.
A kind of multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described driver element include motor and
Thermoacoustic machine.
A kind of multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described vascular subelement is all right
Including room temperature heat exchanger or pre-cooling portion, described room temperature heat exchanger or the one end in pre-cooling portion are connected with described regenerator, the other end
It is connected with compressor.
A kind of multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described pre-cooling portion includes connecting successively
Pre-cooling portion room temperature heat exchanger, pre-cooling portion regenerator and the pre-cooling portion cool end heat exchanger connect, described pre-cooling portion cool end heat exchanger and institute
Stating regenerator to connect, described pre-cooling portion room temperature heat exchanger is connected with described compressor.
A kind of multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the cold end of a vascular subelement changes
Hot device is connected with the pre-cooling portion cool end heat exchanger of adjacent vessels subelement by heat bridge；
Or, the cool end heat exchanger of a vascular subelement is connected with the regenerator of adjacent vessels subelement by gas piping.
A kind of multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described inertia tube unit include to
A few inertia tube, each inertia tube and an air reservoir connect；
The vascular of every one-level vascular subelement can individually connect an inertia tube, and it is equal to arrange gas between vascular and inertia tube
Even device；
The vascular of multiple vascular subelements is connected with an inertia tube after also can merging, and it is equal to arrange gas on each vascular
Even device.
A kind of multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that each portion of every one-level vascular subelement
Part is coaxially arranged, and adjacent vessels subelement is coaxially distributed or the distribution of different axle, forms co-axial pulse tube unit or linear type vascular list
Unit.
10. according to the arbitrary described a kind of multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine of claim 1～9, it is characterised in that n is 2.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610654234.7A CN106247661B (en) | 2016-08-11 | 2016-08-11 | A kind of multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610654234.7A CN106247661B (en) | 2016-08-11 | 2016-08-11 | A kind of multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine |
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| CN106247661A true CN106247661A (en) | 2016-12-21 |
| CN106247661B CN106247661B (en) | 2018-10-26 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108344200A (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2018-07-31 | 同济大学 | A kind of compound vascular refrigerator device |
| CN109556318A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2019-04-02 | 同济大学 | A kind of hot sound refrigerating machine |
| CN110068167A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-07-30 | 同济大学 | A kind of pushing piston multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine |
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| CN104654649A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2015-05-27 | 同济大学 | Pre-cooling type multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator |
| CN104654650A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2015-05-27 | 同济大学 | Inertia tube vessel device and application thereof |
| CN104764237A (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2015-07-08 | 同济大学 | Controllable DC device capable of increasing refrigerating efficiency and improved pulse tube refrigerator |
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| CN102901263A (en) * | 2012-11-13 | 2013-01-30 | 浙江大学 | Multilevel pulse tube refrigerator utilizing acoustic pressure amplifier |
| US20150013348A1 (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2015-01-15 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | System, apparatus and method for pulse tube cryocooler |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108344200A (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2018-07-31 | 同济大学 | A kind of compound vascular refrigerator device |
| CN108344200B (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2019-10-18 | 同济大学 | A kind of compound vascular refrigerator device |
| CN109556318A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2019-04-02 | 同济大学 | A kind of hot sound refrigerating machine |
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| CN110068167B (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2021-09-03 | 同济大学 | Multistage pulse tube refrigerator with pushing piston |
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