CN106232882A - The fiber comprising aliphatic polyester blend and the yarn, tow and the fabric that are formed by it - Google Patents
The fiber comprising aliphatic polyester blend and the yarn, tow and the fabric that are formed by it Download PDFInfo
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- CN106232882A CN106232882A CN201580020768.8A CN201580020768A CN106232882A CN 106232882 A CN106232882 A CN 106232882A CN 201580020768 A CN201580020768 A CN 201580020768A CN 106232882 A CN106232882 A CN 106232882A
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
- D01F6/62—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters
- D01F6/625—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters derived from hydroxy-carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/062—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters characterised by structural features
- A24D3/063—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters characterised by structural features of the fibers
- A24D3/065—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters characterised by structural features of the fibers with sheath/core of bi-component type structure
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/067—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters characterised by functional properties
- A24D3/068—Biodegradable or disintegrable
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/08—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/88—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/92—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyesters
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
- D02G3/36—Cored or coated yarns or threads
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
- D02G3/40—Yarns in which fibres are united by adhesives; Impregnated yarns or threads
- D02G3/402—Yarns in which fibres are united by adhesives; Impregnated yarns or threads the adhesive being one component of the yarn, i.e. thermoplastic yarn
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
- D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
- D10B2331/041—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET] derived from hydroxy-carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
Abstract
The disclosure provides thermoplastic fibre, and described fiber package is containing the intimate blending thing of polylactic acid (PLA) polymer of the isomerism purity having in various degree.Contractility that described fiber presents reduction and the productivity that can improve are formed, in particular with the draw ratio improved.Intimate blending thing can comprise a PLA polymer and the 2nd PLA polymer, a wherein said PLA polymer has the isomerism purity of at least about 99% for D isomer or L isomer, and described 2nd PLA polymer has for D isomer or L isomer the isomerism purity being not greater than about 98.5%.Farther include herein by described fibroplastic yarn and fabric with by described yarn or the compositions of formation of fabrics and the method for preparation PLA material.
Description
Technical field
It relates to thermoplastic fibre.Specifically, described fiber can comprise and has the aliphatic polyester of different purity (such as
Polylactic acid) blend, and described fiber can provide contractility and the high productivity of reduction at elevated temperatures.
Background technology
Synthetic fibers are widely used in multiple different application, with the product that offer is stronger, relatively thin and lighter.Synthetic thermoplastic
Fiber is usually heat adhesive (heat bondable), the most no matter synthetic thermoplastic fiber be individually or with other fiber (example
Such as cotton, Pilus Caprae seu Ovis and wood pulp) combination, the most particularly attractive for manufacturing supatex fabric.And then, supatex fabric is widely used as
The component of various products, includes but not limited to the personal care product as absorbent, such as diaper, incontinence pad, feminine hygiene
Health promoting product etc.；Medical product, such as surgical drage, sterile hood etc.；Defecator；Interlayer；Cloth for wiping or dusting；Furniture and bedding structure
Make；Clothes；Insulator；And other.
But, being conventionally synthesized thermoplastic fibre can not Natural Degradation, therefore the generation disposal product containing such fiber
Problem.Specifically, the goods that recirculation contains blend that is natural and that be conventionally synthesized fiber the most do not have high cost benefit,
But in refuse landfill, dispose these goods can produce substantial amounts of nondegradable refuse.Owing to being up to refuse landfill
Capacity limitation, have the demand of increase to mix more degradable component in disposable products and design can be by means of
Means beyond mixing in solid waste disposal equipment carry out disposable product.
In order to solve the problem of solid waste disposal, biodegradable polymer is used as conventional synthetic polymeric day by day
Substitute.Available biodegradable polymer includes water-soluble polymer, such as polyvinyl alcohol；The polymerization of natural synthesis
Thing, such as sodium alginate and microorganism metallurgy；Hydrolyzable aliphatic polyester and polyether polyols with reduced unsaturation etc..The fat of synthesizing biological degradable
Adoption ester includes PGA and polylactic acid polymer.See, e.g., United States Patent (USP) 5,166,231；5,506,041；5,759,
569；5,171,309；6,177,193；6,441,267；6,953,622；With 7,338,877, tie in full each via quoting
Close herein.
Special concern lactic acid is for manufacturing the purposes of biodegradable resin.Polylactic acid (hereinafter referred to " PLA ") is opened
Introduce as the biodegradable polymer for medical product during the beginning.The United States Patent (USP) 5,142,023 of Gruber et al.
With 5,807,973 disclose the method for polylactic acid of the non-medical rank that can produce and for supatex fabric, each via drawing
With and be incorporated herein in full.The reality of the biodegradable fiber being made up of polylactic acid polymer and/or copolymer completely
Example, in United States Patent (USP) 5,010,145 and 5, finds in 760,144, is incorporated herein in full each via quoting.Referring further to
United States Patent (USP) 5,698,322 and 5,593,778 (relating to the bicomponent fibre including polylactic acid component), each via quoting and complete
Literary composition is incorporated herein in.
Compared with the fiber prepared by the PLA with relatively low isomerism purity, by the PLA with high isomerism purity
The fiber of preparation can provide the contractility of reduction.But, conventional PLA fiber still typically exhibits highly shrinkable (such as, 40% or more
Many), unless by fiber first heat setting.Even if using the PLA fiber (this is the situation of other conventional fibre) of heat setting, make fibre
Dimension heat setting is only declining low-fiber contractility less than the temperature of heat setting temperature.Exceeding at a temperature of heat setting temperature,
The PLA fiber of heat setting still has highly shrinkable.
Fall can be presented at wide in range temperature (particularly in the temperature exceeding heat setting temperature) accordingly, it is desired to provide a kind of
Low inotropic biodegradable fiber.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides thermoplastic fibre, and described fiber package is containing the polylactic acid of the isomerism purity having in various degree
(PLA) the intimate blending thing of polymer.Described fiber present reduction contractility and can be high the productivity formed, particularly
Utilize the draw ratio improved.In some embodiments, it is provided that multicomponent thermoplastic fibre, wherein said fiber package contains homopolymer
High-purity PLA component and the adhesive component arranged at least some of fiber surface.
In the various embodiments of the present invention, it is provided that a kind of fiber, described fiber package is polymerized containing the first polylactic acid (PLA)
Thing and the intimate blending thing of the second polylactic acid (PLA) polymer, wherein a PLA polymer has for D-isomer or L-different
For structure body, and based on a PLA polymer weight at least about 99%, or at least about 99.5%-100%, or about 100%
The isomerism purity of (that is, pure), and the 2nd PLA polymer has for D-isomer or L-isomer, and based on
The isomerism purity of no more than the 98.5% of the 2nd PLA polymer weight.Various embodiments at fiber described herein
In, in intimate blending thing, the weight ratio of a PLA polymer and the 2nd PLA polymer can be about 50:50-about 99:1, or about
50:50-about 75:25.In some embodiments, the 2nd PLA polymer has for D-isomer or L-isomer, and
About 40%-about 98.5% based on the 2nd PLA polymer weight, or about 60%-about 98.5%, or about 98%-about 98.5%
Isomerism purity.In various embodiments, fiber can include about the described intimate blending thing of 50% weight or bigger.Fiber
Can be such as continuously fibril, chopped fiber, nanofiber or nanofibrils.Fiber can be also multicomponent fibre.
In some embodiment of fiber described herein, a PLA polymer can have for D-isomer or L-
For isomer, and the isomerism purity of based on a PLA polymer weight at least 99%, the 2nd PLA polymer can have
Have for D-isomer or L-isomer, and same point of about 98%-based on the 2nd PLA polymer weight about 98.5% is different
Structure purity, and in intimate blending thing, the weight ratio of a PLA polymer and the 2nd PLA polymer can be about 50:50-about
75:25。
In various embodiments, at fiber at a temperature of about 90 DEG C after heat setting, at about 110 DEG C-about 130 DEG C or
At a temperature of about 130 DEG C, the contractility that fiber can present is less than about 20%, and less than about 17%, less than about 15%, less than about 12%
Or less than about 10%-about 0%, or about 5%.Such as, fiber can present the contractility of at most about 17%.
In some embodiments of fiber described herein, fiber can be multicomponent fibre.The first of multicomponent fibre
Component can comprise, and such as, has the intimate blending thing of polylactic acid (PLA) polymer of isomerism purity in various degree, and
Second component can comprise different polymer.In some embodiments of the present invention, it is provided that multicomponent fibre, wherein said fibre
Dimension comprises the first component of homopolymer polylactic acid (PLA) form, and the first component has for D-isomer or L-isomer,
And the isomerism purity of based on the first composition weight at least about 99%, or the first component is pure D-isomer or pure L-
Isomer, wherein PLA melts at the first temperature.Multicomponent fibre can be additionally included at least some of appearance of multicomponent fibre
The second component arranged on face.Optionally, second component includes the component melted at the second temperature, and wherein when having the
During two temperature, the second temperature is less than the first temperature.In a preferred embodiment, second component can be biodegradable
Component or blend, more preferably PLA component or blend.In some embodiments, second component can be PLA polymer,
It has for D-isomer or L-isomer, and based on second component weight no more than about 98.5%, the most not quite
In about 96%, most preferably no greater than about 90% and preferably greater than about 1.5%, or greater than about 3%, or same point of greater than about 4% different
Structure purity.In a preferred embodiment, multicomponent fibre can be core/skin (core-sheath) spread pattern, Qi Zhong
One component can be core component, and second component can be skin component.Terms used herein " melt " indicating fiber, solid and/or
" fusing point " that be generally understood that of crystal substrate.This term also includes that wherein amorphous polymer softens and can be used as melt-viscous to it
The situation of the point of mixture, and appear as the liquid of relative thickness.Under this point, when contacting adjacent fiber, amorphous poly-
Compound flows under capillary strength, and flows from its initial position (that is, in the skin or shell of fiber), to encapsulate phase
Adjacent (contact) fiber.
In the various embodiments of multicomponent fibre, the first component of multicomponent fibre can comprise intimate blending herein
Thing, and second component also can comprise intimate blending thing.Intimate blending thing in second component may with in the first component
Intimate blending thing is different.Such as, the intimate blending thing in second component may with the intimate blending thing in the first component not
With, this with following one or both about the isomerism purity of the 2nd PLA polymer, and a PLA polymer and second
The weight ratio of PLA polymer.
In the various embodiments of the present invention, it is provided that fiber tow, wherein said fiber tow comprises fiber, and this fiber package contains
First polylactic acid (PLA) polymer and the intimate blending thing of the second polylactic acid (PLA) polymer, wherein a PLA polymer tool
Have for D-isomer or L-isomer, and the isomerism of based on a PLA polymer weight at least about 99% is pure
Degree, and the 2nd PLA polymer has for D-isomer or L-isomer, and based on the 2nd PLA polymer weight not
The isomerism purity of greater than about 98.5%.Such as, Shu Kewei yarn or tow form.In some embodiments, a part is fine
Silk can be formed by the fiber comprising intimate blending thing, and a part of fibril can be formed by amorphous PLA.At some embodiment
In, such as, it is provided that comprise yarn or tow, this yarn or silk comprise multiple fibril, and fibril comprises polylactic acid (PLA) polymer, its
In first group of fibril comprise the hypocrystalline PLA of at least about 99% weight that L-content of isomer is first group of fibril, and wherein
Second group of fibril comprises about 5% or bigger that D-content of isomer is second group of fibril, or about 15% or more heavy weight nothing is fixed
Shape PLA.
In various embodiments, the fabric of the fiber comprising the present invention can be formed.Such as, described fabric can be non-woven
Fabric, Woven fabric or braided fabric.In some embodiments, compositions can be by the fabric shape comprising fiber described herein
Become.
The present invention also provides for one and prepares low-shrinkage, the method for high productivity polylactic acid (PLA) material.In various enforcements
In mode, described method comprises the steps that formation comprises the first polylactic acid (PLA) polymer and the second polylactic acid (PLA) polymer
The fiber of intimate blending thing, wherein a PLA polymer has for D-isomer or L-isomer, and based on first
The isomerism purity of at least about the 99% of PLA polymer weight, and the 2nd PLA polymer has for D-isomer or L-different
For structure body, and the isomerism purity of no more than about 98.5% based on the 2nd PLA polymer weight；With about 3:1 or bigger
Draw ratio stretch the fiber that formed；With at a temperature of at most about 110 DEG C, make formed fiber heat setting；Wherein in heat
After forming steps, at a temperature of about 115 DEG C-about 130 DEG C, described PLA material presents contractility and is less than about 20%.
The present invention also provides for a kind of method prepared and present low shrink(LS) multi-component adhesive fiber.Some embodiment party
In formula, described method can comprise the following steps that offer is by the first high molten polymer component and the second relatively low melting polymer group
Dividing the multicomponent fibre formed, wherein the first polymers compositions is for having at least about 99% isomerism for L-isomer
The PLA polymer of purity, wherein the second polymers compositions is not greater than about 98.5% with point different for having for L-isomer
The PLA polymer of structure purity, and wherein second component comprises at least some of outer surface of multi-component adhesive fiber；With
Less than at a temperature of the activation temperature that the second polymers compositions is melted, make multi-component adhesive fiber heat setting.More than activation
At a temperature of temperature, the contractility that the multi-component adhesive fiber of the heat setting formed can present is less than about 20%.
Detailed description of the invention
Now the present invention be will be more fully described below.But, the present invention can embody in many different forms, and
Should not be interpreted as limited to implementations described herein；And it being to provide these embodiments so that the disclosure is thoroughly with complete
Entirely, and for those skilled in the art the scope of the present invention is fully passed on.Unless context the most additionally indicates, otherwise in this theory
The singulative " one ", " one " and " being somebody's turn to do " that use in bright book and claims include plural reference.
Unless specifically stated, the most all measurements are based on weight.
The disclosure provides thermoplastic fibre, and described fiber package is containing the polylactic acid of the isomerism purity having in various degree
(PLA) the intimate blending thing of polymer.Described fiber present reduction contractility and can be high the productivity formed, particularly
Utilize the draw ratio improved.
Unless otherwise instructed, otherwise terms used herein " fiber " refers to the fiber (such as conventional staple) of finite length
And substantially continuous structure (fibril such as continuously) the two.The fiber of the present invention can be hollow or non-hollow fibre, and enters
That one step can have a substantially circle or circular cross section or non-circular cross sections (such as, ellipse, rectangle, multi-leaf-shaped etc.).
Terms used herein " multicomponent fibre " include two kinds by the discrete topology microcell being present in fiber or
Chopped fiber prepared by more kinds of polymer and continuous fibril, relative with blend, wherein microcell tends to before extrusion or the phase
Between disperse in the melt.Exclusively for the purposes of illustration, multicomponent embodiment can be by comprising the example of two kinds of polymers compositionss
Property bicomponent fibre describes.However, it should be understood that the scope of the present invention means to include having two or more structures
Change the multicomponent fibre of component and be not limited to example described below bicomponent fibre.Although the present invention is not limited to two
Plant component, but terms used herein the first component and second component are to easily describe the present invention.
Terms used herein " blend polymer " includes two or more different polymer being blended together.
This blend can be homogeneous polymers blend and can particularly blend polymer, wherein polymer is sufficiently mixed, makes
Obtain blend and be substantially phase structure.Homogeneous polymers blend can comprise two or more homopolymer.
The fiber alterable of the present invention, and include the fiber with any kind of cross section, include but not limited to circle
Shape, rectangle, square, ellipse, triangle and mutliblade.In some embodiments, fiber can have one or more
Void space, wherein said void space can have, such as, circle, rectangle, square, ellipse, triangle or mutliblade
Cross section.Fiber is selected from one pack system (that is, form in whole fiber the most uniform) or multicomponent fibre type, including but
The fiber being not limited to have sheath core structure and the fiber with island-sea structure and have side by side, the cake of segmentation, the ten of segmentation
The fiber of the multilobal cross section at the band of font segmentation or band tip.
In the various embodiments of the present invention, it is provided that comprise the fiber of the blend of thermoplastic polymer.Preferably, fiber
Comprise the intimate blending thing of polymer.In the various embodiments of fiber described herein, the polymer group of intimate blending thing
Divide and can be formed by identical or different polymer." identical " used herein polymer refers to have same or like chemical formula
Polymers compositions；But, such as, each polymers compositions can be different about their isomeric forms.
The polymers compositions of intimate blending thing can be respectively aliphatic polyester.Can be used for the example bag of the aliphatic polyester of the present invention
Include but be not limited to by the formed below polymer forming fiber: (1) glycol (such as, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butanediol, oneself two
Alcohol, ethohexadiol or decanediol) or the oligomer (such as, diglycol or triethylene-glycol) of glycol and aliphatic dicarboxylic acid
Hydroxy carboxylic acid beyond the combination of (such as, succinic acid, adipic acid, hexane dicarboxylic acid or decane dicarboxylic) or (2) polylactic acid
Self condense, such as multi-hydroxybutyrate, polyethylene adipate, polybutylene adipate, polyadipate hexane ester and contain
There is their copolymer.The example of aliphatic polyester includes but not limited to PGA or polyglycolic acid (PGA), polyactide or poly-breast
Acid (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), polyethylene adipate (PEA), polyhydroxy alkonoate (PHA), multi-hydroxybutyrate
(PHB), poly-(3-hydroxybutyrate ester-copolymerization-3-hydroxyl valerate) (PHBV) and polyactide-copolymerization-Acetic acid, hydroxy-, bimol. cyclic ester.
Due to biodegradable character, aliphatic polyester may be particularly useful.In addition to biological degradability, aliphatic polyester
(particularly polylactic acid) can give other desired character of fiber of the present invention.Such as, with include polyethylene terephthalate
The fiber of ester or polyamide is compared, and can present as the fiber of the present invention of component including polylactic acid (or other aliphatic polyester) and change
The hydrophilic nmature entered, the fire retardancy of improvement, or can dye to deeper and brighter color and luster.
In the various embodiments of thermoplastic fibre described herein, it is different that fiber can comprise same point had in various degree
The intimate blending thing of polylactic acid (PLA) polymer of structure purity.According to the disclosure can polylactic acid polymer can pass through lactic acid
Or the polymerization of lactide and prepare.PLA and preparation method thereof is disclosed in United States Patent (USP) 5,698,322；5,142,023；5,760,
144；5,593,778；5,807,973；With 5,010,145, it is incorporated herein in full each via quoting.
Lactic acid and the lactide with two kinds of optical isomers are known as asymmetric molecult, and both optical isomers are respectively
The most left-handed (hereinafter referred to " L ") enantiomer and dextrorotation (hereinafter referred to " D ") enantiomer.Result is, passes through
The polymerization of concrete enantiomer or by using the mixture of two kinds of enantiomers, can prepare similar in chemistry but the most still
There is the polymer of dramatically different character.
Such as based on polymer backbone the systematicness of the degree of crystallinity of PLA polymer and with self or the class of other chain
Ability like the section aligned of shape.Even if if relatively small amount (e.g., from about 3-about 4 weight %) D-enantiomer (lactic acid or
The D-enantiomer of lactide) and L-enantiomer (the L-enantiomer of lactic acid or lactide) copolymerization, then polymer
Skeleton generally becomes the most irregularly shaped so that it is possible self can not be with other skeletal chain of pure L-enantiomer polymer
Section alignment and orientation, therefore reduce the degree of crystallinity of polymer.
PLA fiber can suffer thermal contraction, and this occurs mainly due to the thermoinducible chain relaxation of polymer segment.Due to
The contractility of PLA known in the art is relatively high, and therefore this is the particular problem relevant to PLA.Therefore, it is used for when such fiber
When forming the fabric of heat bonding, such as, when it shrinks, shrink PLA fiber in fabric, more likely cause hole or heterogeneity.
But, according to the present invention, use a PLA component with relatively high L-enantiomeric purity significantly to drop in intimate blending thing
Low-fiber contractility.
In the various embodiments of the present invention, it is provided that a kind of fiber, described fiber package is polymerized containing the first polylactic acid (PLA)
Thing and the intimate blending thing of the second polylactic acid (PLA) polymer, wherein a PLA polymer has for D-isomer or L-different
It is at least about the isomerism purity of 99% for structure body, and described 2nd PLA polymer has for D-isomer or L-different
It is no more than about 98.5% for structure body.In the various embodiments of fiber described herein, in intimate blending thing first
The weight ratio of PLA polymer and the 2nd PLA polymer can be about 50:50-about 99:1, about 75:25-about 99:1, or about 50:50-
About 75:25.In various embodiments, fiber can include about 20% or bigger to about 100%, or about 35% or bigger to about
100%, or the about 50% or bigger intimate blending thing to about 100% weight.
Oneth PLA polymer can have for D-isomer or L-isomer at least 99%；Or at least about 99%-is about
The isomerism purity of 100%.In a particular embodiment, a PLA polymer specifically has for L-isomer
Speech at least about 99%；Or the isomerism purity of at least about 99%-about 100%.In the various embodiments of the present invention, homogenizing
Blend can comprise at least about 50 weight %, at least about 60 weight %, at least about 70 weight %, or at least about 80 weight %-are about
The PLA polymer presenting high isomerism purity of 100% weight.Certainly, it is that 100% isomerism is pure such as fruit fiber
, then it will not be blend；But, such fiber can still be used for is herein.
Known PLA fiber can present highly shrinkable (such as, about 40% or more).Compared with conventional PLA fiber, find heat
Setting comprises the fiber of the PLA (such as, the L-isomer of at least about 99%) with high L-enantiomeric purity of at least about 50%
Unexpected low contractility (such as, about 5%-about 17%) can be provided, even if exceeding at a temperature of heat setting temperature.Exceeding heat
At a temperature of setting temperature, by the PLA polymer with the highest L-content of isomer including at least about 50 weight %
The fiber that formed of blend can present heat-shrinkable value and be less than about 20%, less than about 17%, less than about 15%, less than about 12%
Or less than about 10%-about 0%, or about 5%.Such as, at 90 DEG C, the such fiber of heat setting can produce contractility at 130 DEG C
Only it is about the fiber of 10%.Noticing can selected heat setting temperature (such as, 90 DEG C) so that heat setting temperature is less than any low pure
Degree PLA component (that is, isomerism purity is not greater than about the 2nd PLA polymer of 98.5%) starts melted or enough softens to become
Obtain thickness and deterioration fibre property or hinder the temperature of processing.
2nd PLA polymer can have for D-isomer or L-isomer the isomerism being not greater than about 98.5%
Purity.In a particular embodiment, the 2nd PLA polymer can specifically have for L-isomer be not greater than about
The isomerism purity of 98.5%.In some embodiments, for D-isomer or L-isomer, the 2nd PLA polymer
Isomerism purity can be about 40%-about 98.5%, or about 60%-about 98.5%.
Although being the fiber of the PLA of at least 99% by comprising isomerism purity for L-isomer, it is provided that have
The retractable property of the reduction of benefit, but the fiber of the such PLA polymers compositions comprising 100 weight % can produce and be only capable of relatively
The fiber of low draw ratio (such as, be only capable of draw ratio and be about 2.5:1 or lower).Such as, for giving suitable fibre strength, denier
Neil and the given process of other character, compared with the fiber of the blend using high-purity and relatively low-purity PLA, for using
The fiber of pure high-purity component, attainable maximum tension is less.For comprising high-purity and the homogenizing of relatively low-purity PLA
The typical production process of the fiber of blend, finds that these fibers can present the draw ratio of raising, e.g., from about 3:1 or higher,
And still keep low (that is, reduction) contractility, exceeding at a temperature of heat setting temperature especially.The fiber of intimate blending thing prolongs
Long draw ratio and do not sacrifice the ability of low-shrinkage performance and be probably important, because using higher draw ratio can realize higher
Productivity's (therefore lower cost).
Intimate blending thing described herein can optionally include other component that can not adversely affect its desired character.Can
Exemplary materials as other component includes but not limited to pigment, antioxidant, stabilizer, surfactant, wax, flowing
Accelerator, solid solvent, granule and other material of the addition processing characteristics to strengthen the first component and second component.Example
As, stabilizer can be joined in biodegradable polymer, may additionally send out during the spinning process of polylactic acid to reduce
Raw thermal degradation.The application of such stabilizer is disclosed in United States Patent (USP) 5, and 807,973, it is attached to this in full by quoting
Wen Zhong.Additionally, the additive of biological degradability strengthening polylactic acid can optionally be included, as in United States Patent (USP) 5, public in 760,144
Open, its previously passed quoting and be incorporated herein in.These and other additive can use with convention amount.In one herein
In embodiment, this stabilizer is light stabilizer.
In some embodiments of fiber described herein, fiber can be multicomponent fibre.The first of multicomponent fibre
Polymers compositions can comprise, and such as, has the intimate blending of polylactic acid (PLA) polymer of isomerism purity in various degree
Thing, and the second polymers compositions can comprise different polymer.Such as, the first polymers compositions can comprise the first polylactic acid
(PLA) polymer and the intimate blending thing of the second polylactic acid (PLA) polymer, wherein a PLA polymer has for D-different
For structure body or L-isomer, the isomerism purity of at least about 99%, and the 2nd PLA polymer has for D-isomer or
The isomerism purity of 98.5% it is not greater than about for L-isomer.Second polymers compositions of multicomponent fibre can comprise one
Or multiple other polymer selected from any kind of polymer that can be formed as fiber known in the art, including polyolefin, poly-
Ester, polyamide etc..Example as the suitable polymer of the second component of multicomponent fibre includes but not limited to polyolefin, bag
Include polypropylene, polyethylene, polybutene and polymethylpentene (PMP)；Polyamide, including nylon, such as nylon 6 and nylon 6,6；Poly-
Acrylate, polystyrene, polyurethane, acetal resin, poly ethylene vinyl alcohol；Polyester, including aromatic polyester, such as poly-to benzene two
Formic acid glycol ester, PEN, polytrimethylene terephthalate, poly-(1,4-cyclohexylenedimethylene pair
Phthalic acid ester) (PCT), polyphenylene sulfide, thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), polyacrylonitrile, cellulose and cellulose derivative, poly-aromatics acyl
Amine, acetal, fluoropolymer, its copolymer and terpolymer and its mixture or blend.
Other example of aromatic polyester includes that (1) has the aklylene glycol of 2-10 carbon atom and the poly-of aromatic diacid
Ester；(2) polyalkylene naphthalates, it is the polyester of NDA and aklylene glycol, the most poly-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid second
Diol ester；(3) derived from 1,4-CHDM and the polyester of p-phthalic acid, such as polycyclic hexane p-phthalic acid
Ester.Exemplary polyalkylene terephthalate includes but not limited to polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and poly-to benzene two
Formic acid butanediol ester.
In some embodiments of the present invention, it is provided that multicomponent fibre, wherein said fiber package is equal containing polylactic acid (PLA)
First component of copolymer form, the first component has the isomerism of at least about 99% for D-isomer or L-isomer
Purity, wherein PLA melts at the first temperature.Multicomponent fibre can be additionally included in layout at least some of surface of fiber
Second polymers compositions, wherein the second polymers compositions includes the component melted at the second temperature, and wherein the second temperature
Less than the first temperature.In a preferred embodiment, the second polymers compositions can be biodegradable component or be blended
Thing, more preferably PLA component or blend.In some embodiment of multicomponent fibre, the second polymers compositions can be about
100%PLA.Second polymers compositions of multicomponent fibre can have for D-isomer or L-isomer 98.5% or more
Few isomeric purities.High-purity the oneth PLA polymer (that is, core component) can allow heat under lower temperature (such as, about 90 DEG C)
Setting, but under higher tack temperature (such as, about 130 DEG C), fiber can still keep low-shrinkage.
In the various embodiments of multicomponent fibre disclosed herein, multicomponent fibre can have sheath core configuration.Many groups
The core dividing fiber can comprise the first component of polylactic acid (PLA) homopolymer form, and its isomerism purity is at least 99%.One
In planting preferred embodiment, the first component can be a PLA polymer, and its L-enantiomeric purity is at least about 99%.Many groups
The micromicro dividing fiber comprises second component, and wherein the fusing point of second component is less than the fusing point of core component.In some embodiments,
Second component can be the 2nd PLA polymer form, and it is polylactic acid (PLA) homopolymer, and its isomerism purity is about 98.5%
Or it is less.In some embodiments, second component can be intimate blending thing form described herein.Its SMIS comprises to be retouched herein
The sheath core arrangement of the PLA polymer (that is, high-purity PLA component) stated can allow fiber at lower temperature (such as, about 90
DEG C) under heat setting and still present low-shrinkage under higher temperature (such as, about 130 DEG C).Traditional binders fiber does not has
This characteristic, it is necessary to heat setting under compared with tack temperature lower temperature, to prevent fiber tacky, and is usually displayed on higher
The contractility of higher level under tack temperature.According to the disclosure, although adhesive fiber is preferably less than under tacky/tack temperature
Heat setting, compared with traditional binders fiber, the adhesive fiber of the present invention unexpectedly can realize low-shrinkage.Traditionally, logical
Cross and exceeding heat setting at a temperature of the use temperature of fiber, pursued low-shrinkage.For adhesive fiber, this is in history
It is impossible, because binding agent activates at a temperature of it uses, and premature activation binding agent during heat setting interruption.So
And, presently disclosed adhesive fiber unexpectedly can heat setting to realize low-shrinkage, wherein said heat setting temperature is less than viscous
The activation temperature of binder component.
In the various embodiments of multicomponent fibre, the first polymers compositions of multicomponent fibre can comprise the first poly-breast
Acid (PLA) polymer and the intimate blending thing of the second polylactic acid (PLA) polymer, wherein a PLA polymer has for D-
The isomerism purity of at least about 99% for isomer or L-isomer, and the 2nd PLA polymer has for D-isomer
Or for L-isomer, it is not greater than about the isomerism purity of 98.5%.Additionally, the second component of multicomponent fibre also can comprise
First polylactic acid (PLA) polymer and the intimate blending thing of the second polylactic acid (PLA) polymer, wherein a PLA polymer tool
Have the isomerism purity of at least about 99% for D-isomer or L-isomer, and the 2nd PLA polymer have for
The isomerism purity of 98.5% it is not greater than about for D-isomer or L-isomer.
In comprising the various embodiments of multicomponent fibre of the first intimate blending thing and the second intimate blending thing, second
Intimate blending thing may different and the first intimate blending thing.In some embodiments, about the second of the first polymers compositions
PLA polymer, the intimate blending thing in the second polymers compositions can comprise the 2nd PLA polymerization of different isomerism purity
Thing.In some embodiments, in the first intimate blending thing, the weight ratio of a PLA polymer and the 2nd PLA polymer can
Can difference and a PLA polymer and the weight ratio of the 2nd PLA polymer in the second intimate blending thing.Such as, the first homogenizing
Oneth PLA polymer of blend and the blending ratio of the 2nd PLA polymer can be about 50:50, and the of the second intimate blending thing
The blending ratio of one PLA polymer and the 2nd PLA polymer can be about 75:25.According to the various embodiments of the disclosure, also include
Other relative ratios.
In the various embodiments of the present invention, it is provided that fiber tow.Such as, fiber tow can be yarn or tow form.Respectively
Planting in embodiment, fiber tow comprises the first polylactic acid (PLA) polymer and the homogenizing of the second polylactic acid (PLA) polymer
The fiber of blend, wherein a PLA polymer has for D-isomer or L-isomer same point of at least about 99%
Isomeric purities, and the 2nd PLA polymer have for D-isomer or L-isomer be not greater than about same point of 98.5% different
Structure purity.In some embodiments, Part I fibril can be formed by the fiber comprising intimate blending thing, and Part II is fine
Silk can include comprising the polymer beyond one or more intimate blending things or the fiber of blend.Such as, Part II fibril
Amorphous PLA or hypocrystalline PLA can be comprised.
In the various embodiments of the present invention, it is provided that comprise yarn or the tow of multiple fibril comprising polylactic acid (PLA),
Wherein first group of fibril comprises a PLA polymer and the 2nd PLA polymer, and a PLA polymer has for D-isomer
Or the isomerism purity of at least about 99% for L-isomer, and the 2nd PLA polymer has for D-isomer or L-different
The isomerism purity of 98.5% (such as, about 40%-about 98.5%, or about 60%-about 98.5%) it is not greater than about for structure body.
The ratio of first group of fibril and second group of fibril can be about 50:50-about 99:1, or about 50:50-about 75:25.Some embodiment party
In formula, such as, it is provided that comprise yarn or the tow of multiple fibril comprising polylactic acid (PLA) polymer, wherein first group of fibril bag
The content of isomer containing L-is at least about the hypocrystalline PLA of 99%, and wherein second group of fibril comprises D-content of isomer about
The amorphous PLA of 5% or bigger.
In various embodiments, the fabric of the fiber comprising the present invention can be formed.Such as, described fabric can be non-woven
Fabric, Woven fabric or braided fabric.In some embodiments, compositions can be by the fabric shape comprising fiber described herein
Become.Fiber including the present invention is particularly well-suited to disposable products as the supatex fabric of component.Instantiation include but not
It is limited to disposable diaper, adult incontinence products, sanitary towel, hemostasis cotton balls, cloth for wiping or dusting, bib, wound dressing and operating cap or operation
Single.Applied also for goods by fibroplastic supatex fabric described herein, such as, comprise the rope of fiber and fibril.
In embodiments described herein, the fiber of the present invention is formed as defecator, such as air filter, water filtration
Device, oil strainer, smoke filter etc..In embodiments described herein, filter is air filter or smoke filter；Or
Air conditioner filter, cigarette filter, humidifier filter, face mask filters, automobile filter, aircraft filter；Or medicated cigarette mistake
Filter.It is also contemplated herein the embodiment of product and the machine combining such defecator, such as air-conditioner, filter plug fragrant
Cigarette, electromotor, liquid and water treatment facilities, milk and beverage processing equipment, Air purification systems, draining etc., and in the present invention
In the range of.In one embodiment of the invention, formed fiber herein, homofil, multicomponent fibre, yarn and/or
Tow or create cigarette filter.Cigarette filter combines with other cigarette component subsequently, to be formed or to manufacture medicated cigarette.
Cigarette filter and preparation method thereof is known in the art.Think the fiber of the present invention, homofil, many groups
Point fiber, yarn and/or tow can be with manufacture process, parts, machines for such cigarette filter and other air filter
Device is compatible.Filter etc. for electronic cigarette is explicitly included in potential the answering herein as these fibers described herein
With.The representative example of cigarette manufacturing method and filter itself see for example Zhang et al. and announces on April 2nd, 2015
U.S. Patent Publication 2015/0090283；Tan et al. is in the U.S. Patent Publication 2014/ of December in 2014 announcement on the 4th
0352708A1；U.S. Patent Publication 8,997,755B2 that Ingebrethsen et al. announced on April 7th, 2015 and Dwyer
Et al. on June 14th, 2004 announce United States Patent (USP) 6,761,174B2, all by quote and full text be incorporated herein in.
It is known for preparing the method for one pack system and multicomponent fibre, it is not necessary to describe in detail herein.Total comes
Say, in order to form homofil, polymer or blend polymer are extruded.Generally speaking, in order to form multicomponent fibre,
At least two polymer is individually extruded, and feeds to distribution of polymer system, wherein polymer is incorporated into spinning of segmentation
Silk head plate.Polymer follows single path to fibre spinning head, and merges in spinneret hole.Spinneret is set so that
Extrudate has desired shape.
After being extruded by punch die, obtained thin fluids stock or fibril remain molten condition and reach a certain distance, with
Being solidified by cooling in fluid media (medium) around afterwards, it can cool down air blast and pass through stock.Once solidifying, fibril is at draw-off godet or another
Wind on one coiling surface.In continuous fibril method, stock winds on draw-off godet, this draw-off godet and the speed of take-up godet
Proportionally spinneret draft thin fluids logistics.In spurt method, collection stock in ejector (such as air gun), and
Coiling surface (such as roller or mobile band) upper spray, to form spunbond net.In meltblown, spray air in spinneret surface,
When deposition on coiling surface in cooling down air path, it is for spinneret draft simultaneously and cooling thin fluids logistics,
Thus form fleece.Unrelated with the type of melt spinning program used, it is important that thin fluids logistics must be with melted
State melt-blowing head stretches, i.e. before solidification occurs, to reduce fibre diameter.Available known in the art typical molten
Body spinneret draft ratio.When using continuous fibril or chopped fiber method, it may be desirable to use conventional stretcher with solid state drawing
Stock, such as the continuous draw-off godet operated with friction speed.See, e.g., United States Patent (USP) 5,082,899, its by quoting and
It is incorporated herein in full.
After with solid state drawing, continuous fibril is rollable or deforms and is cut into desired fibre length, thus produces
Chopped fiber.The length of chopped fiber is generally in about 50 millimeters of scopes of about 25-, but as desired, fiber can be longer or shorter.Ginseng
See, such as, the United States Patent (USP) 4 of Taniguchi et al., the United States Patent (USP) 5 of 789,592 and Strack et al., 336,552, each
It is incorporated herein in full by quoting.
The fiber of the present invention can be chopped fiber, tow, spunbond fibril, continuous fibril or meltblown fibers.Generally speaking, according to
The fineness of chopped fiber, many fibrils and spun-bonded fibre that the present invention is formed can be about 0.5-about 100 danier.The fineness of meltblown filaments
Can be about 0.001-about 10.0 danier.The fineness of monofilament fiber can be about 50-about 10,000 danier.
As it has been described above, fiber can be incorporated in supatex fabric.The fiber of the present invention suitably can be appointed by this area
What device is formed as nonwoven web, wherein uses heat bonding.Additionally, fibril directly can be spun into non-by spun-bond process continuously
Woven webs.The fiber beyond the fiber of the present invention can be there is equally, including various synthesis known in the art and/or natural fiber
In any one.Example synthetic fibers includes polyolefin, polyester, polyamide, acrylic compounds, artificial silk, cellulose acetate, heat
Plasticity multicomponent fibre (such as conventional sheath core fiber, such as polyethylene sheath/polyester core fiber) etc. and mixture thereof.Exemplary
Natural fiber includes Pilus Caprae seu Ovis, cotton, wood pulp cellulose etc. and mixture thereof.
The fiber of the present invention can be mixed especially in meltblown nonwoven fabric, be combined individually or with other fiber.Melt-blown
Technology is known in the art, and discusses in various patents, such as, and the United States Patent (USP) 3,987,185 of Buntin et al.；
The United States Patent (USP) 3,972,759 of Buntin；With the United States Patent (USP) 4 of McAmish et al., 622,259, each via quote and in full
It is incorporated herein in.Other heat cohesive device known in the art can be used equally.
Therefore, in various embodiments, described method can include that formation comprises the first polylactic acid (PLA) polymer and
The fiber of the intimate blending thing of two polylactic acid (PLA) polymer, wherein a PLA polymer has for D-isomer or L-different
The isomerism purity of at least about 99% for structure body, and the 2nd PLA polymer has for D-isomer or L-isomer
Speech be not greater than about 98.5%, isomerism purity；With about 2.8:1 or bigger, or the about 3:1 or the bigger stretching to about 3.5:1
The fiber formed than stretching；With make formed fiber heat setting.Can be by fiber heat setting, such as, at most about 130 DEG C
At a temperature of.After heat setting step, at a temperature of more than heat setting temperature, the contractility that PLA material can present is less than about
20%, less than about 17%, less than about 15%, less than about 12% or less than about 10%-about 0%, or about 5%.Such as, heat is being exceeded
Setting temperature at least about 20 DEG C, at a temperature of at least about 30 DEG C, or at least about 40 DEG C, can show the contractility of reduction.At some
In embodiment, at about 95 DEG C-about 150 DEG C, at a temperature of about 100 DEG C-about 145 DEG C, or about 110 DEG C-about 130 DEG C, fiber can
Present the contractility of reduction." contractility " described herein relates to dropping low-fiber length in the longest direction, as surveyed at ASTM
Described in method for testing D5104-2, it is carried out at a temperature of 130 DEG C.
In other embodiments, the disclosure can provide formation low-shrinkage, the method for multi-component adhesive fiber.This glues
Mixture fiber can be multicomponent fibre described herein, such as, comprise by high isomerism purity PLA that (such as, isomerism is pure
Degree is 99%) component that formed and comprise and be not greater than about 98.5%, not quite by relatively low melted material such as isomerism purity
In about 96%, or the fiber of adhesive component that formed of PLA (that is, the 2nd PLA polymer) of no more than about 90%.Such pure
Degree especially can be about L-isomer.Described method can include providing the multicomponent fibre with described composition, especially for core/skin
Configuration, and in the melt temperature less than adhesive component and/or less than making multicomponent fibre heat setting at a temperature of softening temperature.
Such temperature may be defined as the activation temperature of adhesive component.Heat setting equally can be making less than multi-component adhesive fiber
Carry out at a temperature of temperature.Temperature is used to be interpreted as the temperature that adhesive fiber provides adhesive function expected from it to be experienced
Degree.At a temperature of more than the activation temperature of adhesive component, the multi-component adhesive fiber formed by described method is presented
Contractility is less than 20%, less than 17%, less than 15%, less than 12% or less than 10%.The multicomponent formed by described method
Adhesive fiber can present other character of multicomponent fibre further described herein.
Experiment
There is provided following example to illustrate and the other side associated herein, but should not be construed as and limit its scope.
Embodiment 1
The sheath core PLA/PLA two-component staple fiber of stretching is produced according to standard sheath core bicomponent fibre extrusion molding.To squeeze
The sheath core fiber stretching gone out, is then cut out forming chopped fiber.Not by fiber crimp, and fiber size be 3.7 daniers/
Fibril.Stretch via two benches process, in the first draw stage, utilize hot bath, utilize in the second draw stage and steam
Gas holder.
Prepare five kinds of sample fiber.For all samples, the skin of sheath core fiber is by low-melted PLA grade polymeric thing
Natureworks 6302D is formed, and its D-content of isomer is about 10%.In stretching and cutting process, under there is no tension force,
At a temperature of 90 DEG C, heat setting all samples in drying machine.Heat setting is carried out between stretching and cutting step.Following table shows
Show the contractility of about 5 minutes and draw ratio at a temperature of the character of the polymer as core component, in atmosphere 130 DEG C of tests.
About draw ratio, before rupturing, sample 2 and sample 5 are only capable of realizing the draw ratio of 2.5.Sample 1,3 and 4 energy
Surmount the draw ratio threshold value of 2.5 without rupturing, and stretch and can not improve the ratio more than 3.0.
About contractility, sample 1 does not have the contractility that sufficiently high L-enantiomeric purity realizes reducing.98.5%
L-enantiomeric purity under, contractility is 40.0%.But, sample 1 can realize the draw ratio of 3.0 without rupturing.Sample 2 profit
Still there is higher L-enantiomeric purity (that is, more than 99%) with the polymer of same type.But, the L-isomer of raising
The draw ratio that purity can not realize reducing is without rupturing.But, previously had not recognized that be included as high-purity PLA first group
Point multicomponent fibre can at 90 DEG C heat setting and at 130 DEG C keep low-shrinkage.Therefore, sample 2 high-purity is utilized
PLA is as the first component, and utilizes relatively low melted material (such as, relatively low-purity PLA) many as the second adhesive component
Component fibre can be used as adhesive fiber.Therefore, can provide multi-component adhesive fiber according to the disclosure, it can be less than bonding
(such as, about 90 DEG C) heat setting at a temperature of the softening point of agent component or fusing point, and subsequently can in tack temperature (such as, about
130 DEG C) under use, there is low-shrinkage.Compared with known adhesive fiber, this can be significantly to advance, wherein at 130 DEG C
Heat setting (reaching low shrink(LS) traditional approach at 130 DEG C) premature activation adhesive component, is glued at one by all fibres
Rise, and obstruction is processed further.The sample 5 of enforcement similar with sample 2 presents the contractility of reduction；But, relatively low heat is fixed
Shape temperature also improves amount of contraction at test temperature.
About the sample 3 prepared according to the disclosure and sample 4, it is seen that high-purity PLA (L-isomer be more than 99%) with relatively
The blend of low-purity PLA (L-isomer 98.5% or less) be provided that the contractility of reduction and the draw ratio of raising and not
Can rupture.When the ratio of a PLA and the 2nd PLA improves, contractility reduces and seems to improve.This shows to keep and uses
The improvement contractility of high-purity PLA (for L-isomer, pure more than 99%) association, simultaneously when by high-purity PLA with certain
When relatively low-purity PLA of content (for L-isomer, 98.5% or the purest) is blended, draw ratio can be improved simultaneously, and not
Can rupture.
Embodiment 2
Use the typical production process in this area and machine, produce the cigarette filter formed by bunch fiber herein.
The natural decomposable asymmetric choice net of cigarette filter, therefore than the tradition using traditional bunch fiber, cellulose acetate and/or polypropylene to prepare
Cigarette fiber significantly the most biodegradable.Therefore, when abandoning in refuse landfill and other position, these medicated cigarette mistakes
Filter reduces the amount of space needed for degraded.When abandoning in other position, due to they more rapid disappearances and cause less
Environmental hazard, these cigarette filters also confirm that less the most pleasing.Other the biodegradable fibre existed compared with the industry
Dimension, during manufacturing and storing, these cigarette filters also find well between durability demand and the processing characteristics of improvement
Balance.
Benefiting from the teaching presented in description above, those skilled in the art of the invention are it is contemplated that the present invention
Many amendments and other embodiment.It is to be understood, therefore, that the present invention is not limited to disclosed detailed description of the invention, and
And these amendments and other embodiment are intended to be included in scope of the following claims.Although using concrete term herein,
But they only use with general and descriptive sense, and it it not the purpose limited.
Claims (16)
1. a fiber, described fiber package is containing following intimate blending thing:
First polylactic acid (PLA) polymer and the second polylactic acid (PLA) polymer, wherein a PLA polymer has for D-
The isomerism purity of 99% it is at least about for isomer or L-isomer, and
Described 2nd PLA polymer has for D-isomer or L-isomer for no more than about 98.5%；Or about 40%-
About 98.5%；Or about 60%-about 98.5%；Or the isomerism purity of about 98%-about 98.5%, and
Wherein in described intimate blending thing, a described PLA polymer and the weight ratio of described 2nd PLA polymer
About 50:50 is to about 99:1, or about 50:50 is to about 75:25,
The most wherein said fiber is multicomponent fibre,
The most wherein said fiber package contains about 50% or the most heavy weight described intimate blending thing, and
The most wherein said fiber is continuous fibril, chopped fiber, nanofiber or nanofibrils.
Fiber the most according to claim 1, a wherein said PLA polymer has for D-isomer or L-isomer
For at least about 99% isomerism purity, described 2nd PLA polymer has for D-isomer or L-isomer
The isomerism purity of 98%-about 98.5%, and a PLA polymer and described second described in described intimate blending thing
The weight ratio of PLA polymer is about 50:50-about 75:25.
Fiber the most according to claim 1, wherein at fiber at a temperature of about 90 DEG C after heat setting, about 110 DEG C-
At a temperature of about 130 DEG C or about 130 DEG C, the contractility that fiber presents is less than about 20%, or at most about 17%, or at most about
13%, or at most about 10%.
4. a multicomponent fibre, described fiber package contains:
First component of polylactic acid (PLA) homopolymer form, the first component has for D-isomer or L-isomer extremely
The isomerism purity of few about 99%, or the first component is pure L-isomer or pure D-isomer, wherein said PLA is the
Melt at a temperature of one；With
The second component arranged at least some of outer surface of described multicomponent fibre, it is right that wherein said second component has
The isomerism purity of 98.5%, the most wherein said second component bag it is not greater than about for D-isomer or L-isomer
Containing component melted at the second temperature；
Wherein when there is the second temperature, described second temperature is less than described first temperature, and
The most wherein said multicomponent fibre is core/skin spread pattern, and wherein said first component is core component, and described
Two components are skin component.
Multicomponent fibre the most according to claim 4, wherein said second component is homopolymer form.
Multicomponent fibre the most according to claim 4, wherein said second component is blend.
Multicomponent fibre the most according to claim 6, wherein said blend is the first polylactic acid (PLA) polymer and
The intimate blending thing of two polylactic acid (PLA) polymer, a wherein said PLA polymer has for D-isomer or L-isomery
At least about 99% isomerism purity for body, and described 2nd PLA polymer has for D-isomer or L-isomer
Speech is not greater than about the isomerism purity of 98.5%.
8. a fiber tow, described fibril comprises fiber according to claim 1, and wherein said bundle is yarn or tow shape
Formula, and
Optionally a portion fibril is formed by the fiber comprising described intimate blending thing, and a portion fibril is by nothing
Setting PLA is formed.
9. a fabric, described fabric comprises fiber according to claim 1 or multicomponent according to claim 4
Fiber, and
The most wherein said fabric is supatex fabric, Woven fabric or braided fabric.
10. a compositions, described compositions is by formation of fabrics according to claim 9.
11. 1 kinds of yarns or tow, it comprises multiple fibril comprising polylactic acid (PLA) polymer, and wherein first group of fibril comprises
L-content of isomer is at least about the hypocrystalline PLA of 99%, and wherein second group of fibril comprises D-content of isomer and be about 5%
Or bigger amorphous PLA.
12. 1 kinds of defecators, described device comprises fiber according to claim 1, according to claim 4 many
Component fibre or yarn according to claim 11 or tow.
13. defecators according to claim 12, wherein said defecator is cigarette filter.
14. 1 kinds of medicated cigarettes, described cigarette packets contains defecator according to claim 13.
Preparing low-shrinkage, the method for high productivity polylactic acid (PLA) material for 15. 1 kinds, described method includes:
Formation comprises the fiber of the intimate blending thing of the first polylactic acid (PLA) polymer and the second polylactic acid (PLA) polymer, its
Described in a PLA polymer have for D-isomer or L-isomer, the isomerism purity of at least about 99%, and
Described 2nd PLA polymer has for D-isomer or L-isomer the isomerism purity being not greater than about 98.5%；
The fiber formed is stretched with the draw ratio of about 3:1 or bigger；With
Formed fiber heat setting is made at a temperature of at most about 110 DEG C；
Wherein after heat setting step, at a temperature of about 115 DEG C-about 130 DEG C, the contractility that described PLA material presents is little
In about 20%.
Preparing the method presenting low shrink(LS) multi-component adhesive fiber for 16. 1 kinds, described method includes:
There is provided by the first high molten polymer component and the second multicomponent fibre that relatively low melting polymer component is formed, Qi Zhongsuo
State the first polymers compositions be PLA polymer and have for L-isomer at least about 99% isomerism purity, its
Described in the second polymers compositions for PLA polymer having for L-isomer be not greater than about same point of 98.5% different
Structure purity, and wherein said second component comprises at least some of outer surface of described multi-component adhesive fiber；With
At a temperature of the activation temperature melted less than described second polymers compositions, make described multi-component adhesive fiber heat fixed
Shape；
Wherein at a temperature of more than activation temperature, the contractility that the heat setting multi-component adhesive fiber formed presents is less than
About 20%.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201461982521P | 2014-04-22 | 2014-04-22 | |
| US61/982,521 | 2014-04-22 | ||
| PCT/US2015/026984 WO2015164447A2 (en) | 2014-04-22 | 2015-04-22 | Fibers comprising an aliphatic polyester blend, and yarns, tows, and fabrics formed therefrom |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106232882A true CN106232882A (en) | 2016-12-14 |
Family
ID=53039644
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201580020768.8A Pending CN106232882A (en) | 2014-04-22 | 2015-04-22 | The fiber comprising aliphatic polyester blend and the yarn, tow and the fabric that are formed by it |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20170145597A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3134566A2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN106232882A (en) |
| HK (1) | HK1232263A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015164447A2 (en) |
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| WO2021037144A1 (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2021-03-04 | 深圳市智叶科技有限公司 | Non-woven cotton filter tip and manufacturing method therefor |
| WO2023138707A1 (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2023-07-27 | 广东鑫球新材料科技有限公司 | Fully degradable composite filament, and manufacturing method therefor and use thereof |
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| CN109563662B (en) | 2016-08-02 | 2020-08-28 | 博爱德国有限公司 | System and method for making polylactic acid nonwoven fabrics |
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| KR20220119674A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2022-08-30 | 트레비라 게엠베하 | Biodegradable polymer fibers made from renewable raw materials |
| CN112553707A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-03-26 | 浙江汇隆新材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of flame-retardant colored functional environment-friendly fiber |
| CN114703574A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-07-05 | 南京禾素时代抗菌材料科技有限公司 | Method for verifying degradation function of biomass modified polyester filament yarn with high thermal stability |
| CN115413819A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-12-02 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Group-processed polylactic acid fiber filter stick and preparation method thereof |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2015164447A2 (en) | 2015-10-29 |
| HK1232263A1 (en) | 2018-01-05 |
| US20170145597A1 (en) | 2017-05-25 |
| EP3134566A2 (en) | 2017-03-01 |
| WO2015164447A3 (en) | 2016-01-07 |
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