CN106198924B - Precarious rock mass monitoring system and its methods of risk assessment based on adaptive frequency acquisition - Google Patents
Precarious rock mass monitoring system and its methods of risk assessment based on adaptive frequency acquisition Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of precarious rock mass monitoring system and its methods of risk assessment based on adaptive frequency acquisition, including environment information acquisition module, crag status information capture module, wireless transport module and data processing and control module, when the change of environmental information exceedes given threshold, the environmental information data collected are uploaded to the data processing and control module by the environment information acquisition module by the wireless transport module automatically, the crag status information capture module is in passive acquisition state, determine whether the crag status information capture module needs to carry out the frequency acquisition of data acquisition and crag status information by the data processing and control module, the risk that according to the crag status information that the crag status information capture module collects rock occurs for the data processing and control module avalanche is assessed.The invention is accurately and effectively monitored crag state while power consumption is lowered.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to precarious rock mass monitoring technical field, and in particular to a kind of precarious rock mass monitoring system based on adaptive frequency acquisition
System and its methods of risk assessment.
Background technology
Crag is distributed widely in the southern area in China, and serious threat the safety of life and property of the people.In crag
In monitoring technology, main monitoring content is usually Ground Deformation and correlative factor.Deformation monitoring is usually to gather Dangerous Rock Body
Surface displacement information, including the absolute and relative displacement of rock, the horizontal displacement of rock interior and the change of rock gradient；Phase
Pass factor monitoring is mainly that other can cause the environmental factor of avalanche to be monitored, influence during crag to avalanche
Maximum environmental factor is exactly rainfall and temperature.It is largely to single monitoring content in precarious rock mass monitoring technology at this stage
It is monitored, to analyze the situation of crag, or multiple monitoring contents is merged, the comprehensive state to crag is divided
Analysis.For the real-time state monitoring of crag, application number：201510187618.8 patent disclose it is a kind of based on laser ranging
Crag deforms multiple spot information extraction and alarm system, and laser emission frequency, ranging are controlled with intrinsic frequency by frequency regulator
The laser of sensor emission changes launch angle by refractor, and laser penetrates the control point reflection unit back reflection on Dangerous Rock Body
Distance measuring sensor is returned, measuring signal is read by data collecting instrument and recorded by data logger, passes through GPRS signal projectors
Client-server is transmitted to, which mainly focuses on carrying out distortion measurement, and laser ranging is applied to crag deformation monitoring.
Application number：201510214600.2 patent discloses a kind of crag deformation information extraction based on moving image and alarm side
Method, the image of crag motion deformation is handled by using moving image treatment technology, with reference to image procossing and computer vision
Technology, simulates the visual performance of people, to obtain the deformation information of crag and realize intelligent early-warning function.Application number：
201210566779.4 patent discloses a kind of device that Dangerous Rock Body avalanche is monitored using ultrasonic wave, ultrasonic transmitter with
And wireless module is fixed on the relatively stable side of Dangerous Rock Body, and target is then fixed on crack sliding and surveys on Dangerous Rock Body, passes through inspection
The echo of the ultrasonic wave of supersonic generator transmitting is surveyed to monitor the displacement in crack, while uses multiple ultrasonic monitor devices pair
The diverse location in Dangerous Rock Body crack carries out real-time width information collection, is transferred to host and is analyzed.Patent described above is main
It is that single crag deformation is monitored, crag situation is reacted by deformation, can be very good auxiliary crag early warning activity,
But these methods do not account for the research of influence and relevant data acquisition frequency of the Related Environmental Factors to crag, and only
It is that data acquisition is carried out to crag information, the state of crag is not analyzed according to data, therefore above-mentioned technology does not have
Environment adapts to and crag risk assessment ability.
In precarious rock mass monitoring technology, rainfall and temperature both environmental factors are important monitoring contents, work as drop
When rainfall increases, the possibility that avalanche occurs for crag is larger, and the information data change of rock is very fast, in unstable shape
State, at this moment needs to carry out frequent data acquisition to analyze the state of crag, and when rainfall reduces, the data message of rock becomes
Change slowly, at this moment in order to reduce power consumption, then need to reduce the frequency acquisition of data, can be obtained by using relatively low frequency acquisition
The state of rock.Data acquisition needs to determine the risk status of rock according to current environmental condition after completing, there is provided early warning is believed
Breath.
The content of the invention
The application is right by providing a kind of precarious rock mass monitoring system and its methods of risk assessment based on adaptive frequency acquisition
Environment around crag is monitored, and the frequency acquisition of the adjustment crag status data according to environment self-adaption, then basis
The data message collected carries out crag risk assessment, and crag state is supervised to greatest extent while power consumption is lowered
Control.
The application is achieved using following technical scheme：
A kind of precarious rock mass monitoring system based on adaptive frequency acquisition, including environment information acquisition module, crag state letter
Acquisition module, wireless transport module and data processing and control module are ceased, wherein, the environment information acquisition module includes rainfall
Sensor and temperature sensor, when the change of environmental information exceedes given threshold, the environment information acquisition module automatically will
The environmental information data collected are uploaded to the data processing and control module, the crag shape by the wireless transport module
State information acquisition module is in passive acquisition state, and the crag status information capture is determined by the data processing and control module
Whether module needs to carry out the frequency acquisition of data acquisition and crag status information, and the data processing and control module is according to institute
The crag status information that crag status information capture module collects is stated to assess the risk of rock generation avalanche.
Sensor type and number make choice according to the present situation of crag in the crag status information capture module.As
A kind of to select excellent technical solution, the crag status information capture module includes strain gauge and crack sensors.
Further, the environmental information includes rainfall speed and temperature, and crag status information includes rock stress data
With crack displacement data.
A kind of methods of risk assessment of the precarious rock mass monitoring system based on adaptive frequency acquisition, includes the following steps：
S1：The sensor group of the environment information acquisition module is arranged according to crag site environment, according to crag state cloth
Put the sensor group of the crag status information capture module；
S2：Rainfall threshold speed is set as Rmin, rainfall speed maximum is Rmax, rainfall speed variation is RΔ=
Rmax-Rmin, temperature constant value is T0, temperature change threshold value is Tmin, temperature maximum Tmax, range of temperature TΔ=Tmax-
Tmin, the initial acquisition frequency of crag status information capture module is f0, the maximum frequency acquisition of crag status information capture module
For fmax；
S3:The sensor group of the environment information acquisition module gathers current rainfall velocity amplitude R and current temperature value T, when
The change of environmental information exceedes rainfall threshold speed RminAnd/or temperature change threshold value TminWhen, the environment information acquisition module
Sensor group report environmental information data from data processing and control module described in trend；
S4：Current the rainfall velocity amplitude R and current temperature value T that report is normalized in the data processing and control module
Processing；
S5：The frequency acquisition f of crag status information is calculated according to the result of the normalized of step S4, and to gather frequency
Rate f is acquired crag status information；
S6：The data processing and control module is collected according to the sensor group of the crag status information capture module
Crag status information carries out crag state risk assessment.
Further, normalized is specially in step S4：
(1) if current rainfall velocity amplitude R<Rainfall threshold speed Rmin, and current temperature value T meets | T-T0| ＜ Tmin, then
By initial acquisition frequency f0Crag status information is acquired；
(2) if current rainfall velocity amplitude R>Rainfall threshold speed Rmin, and current temperature value T meets | T-T0| ＜ Tmin, then
Current rainfall speed is normalized, i.e.,
(3) if current rainfall velocity amplitude R<Rainfall threshold speed Rmin, and current temperature value T meets | T-T0| ＞ Tmin, then
Current Temperatures change is normalized, i.e.,
(4) if current rainfall velocity amplitude R>Rainfall threshold speed Rmin, and current temperature value T meets | T-T0| ＞ Tmin, then
Current rainfall speed and temperature change are normalized respectively, rainfall speed normalized is
Temperature change normalized is
Further, frequency acquisition f=[f in step S50+JRain*fΔ*α+JTemperature*fΔ* β], in formula, α is the power of rainfall factor
Weight, β are the weight of temperature factor, and meet alpha+beta=1, fΔFor the excursion of frequency acquisition, fΔ=fmax-f0.In crag
In environmental factor, rainfall is the Main change factor of environment, and change of the temperature within some time and little, thus take α=
0.9, β=0.1.
Further, step S6 carries out concretely comprising the following steps for crag state risk assessment：
S61：Choose crag status information data：Rock stress data and crack displacement data；
S62：Crag status information is divided into four grades：Devoid of risk, low-risk, risk, excessive risk, establish each wind
Dangerous grade meets normal distribution Gaussian membership function, i.e.,Wherein, x is independent variable, and σ and c are
Parameter；
S63：Membership function parameter is chosen according to crag status information：C is chosen respectively1、c2、c3、c4And σ1Construct rock
Devoid of risk, low-risk, risk, the membership function parameter of excessive risk of stress data, c1＜ c2＜ c3＜ c4, choose respectively
ca、cb、cc、cdAnd σ2Devoid of risk, low-risk, risk, the membership function parameter of excessive risk of diaclase displacement, ca＜ cb
＜ cc＜ cd；
S64：The membership vector that rock stress is calculated isCrack displacement
Membership vector be
S65：Mould is established according to four risk class of the four of rock stress data risk class and crack displacement data
Paste reasoning table；Table 1 is fuzzy reasoning table：
S66：Crag state Global Information degree of membership ξ is calculated according to fuzzy reasoning meterNothing、ξIt is low、ξInAnd ξIt is high, sector-style of going forward side by side danger
Assessment, obtains the stability of crag under current environment, wherein,
ξNothing=μNothing*δNothing,
ξIt is low=μNothing*δIt is low+μIt is low*δNothing,
ξIn=μIt is low*δIt is low+μIn*δNothing+μIn*δIt is low+μNothing*δIn+μIt is low*δIn,
ξIt is high=μIn*δIn+μIt is high*δNothing+μIt is high*δIt is low+μIt is high*δIn+μNothing*δIt is high+μIt is low*δIt is high+μIn*δIt is high+μIt is high*δIt is high。
Compared with prior art, the technical solution that the application provides, the technique effect or advantage having are：According to environment certainly
The frequency of the adjustment crag state data acquisition of adaptation, then carries out crag risk assessment according to the data message collected,
Crag state is monitored to greatest extent while lowering power consumption.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the precarious rock mass monitoring system architecture diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the risk evaluating method flow chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present application is a kind of based on the precarious rock mass monitoring system of adaptive frequency acquisition and its risk assessment by providing
Method, is monitored the environment around crag, and the frequency acquisition of the adjustment crag status data according to environment self-adaption, so
Crag risk assessment is carried out according to the data message that collects afterwards, while power consumption is lowered to greatest extent to crag state into
Row monitoring.
In order to better understand the above technical scheme, in conjunction with appended figures and specific embodiments, it is right
Above-mentioned technical proposal is described in detail.
Embodiment
A kind of precarious rock mass monitoring system based on adaptive frequency acquisition, as shown in Figure 1, including environment information acquisition module,
Crag status information capture module, wireless transport module and data processing and control module, wherein, the environment information acquisition mould
Block includes rain sensor and temperature sensor, when the change of environmental information exceedes given threshold, the environment information acquisition
The environmental information data collected are uploaded to the data processing and control module by module by the wireless transport module automatically,
The crag status information capture module is in passive acquisition state, and the crag shape is determined by the data processing and control module
Whether state information acquisition module needs to carry out the frequency acquisition of data acquisition and crag status information, the data processing and control
The risk that according to the crag status information that the crag status information capture module collects rock occurs for module avalanche carries out
Assessment.
Sensor type and number make choice according to the present situation of crag in the crag status information capture module.This reality
Applying the module of crag status information capture described in example includes strain gauge and crack sensors.
Further, the environmental information includes rainfall speed and temperature, and crag status information includes rock stress data
With crack displacement data.
A kind of methods of risk assessment of the precarious rock mass monitoring system based on adaptive frequency acquisition, as shown in Fig. 2, including as follows
Step：
S1：The sensor group of the environment information acquisition module is arranged according to crag site environment, according to crag state cloth
Put the sensor group of the crag status information capture module；
S2：Rainfall threshold speed is set as Rmin=2.5mm/h, rainfall speed maximum are Rmax=16mm/, h rainfall speed
Degree excursion is RΔ=Rmax-Rmin, temperature constant value is T0=20 °, temperature change threshold value is Tmin=10 °, temperature maximum is
Tmax=60 °, range of temperature TΔ=Tmax-Tmin, the initial acquisition frequency of crag status information capture module is f0=1
Times/day, the maximum frequency acquisition of crag status information capture module is fmax=48 times/day；
S3:The sensor group of the environment information acquisition module gathers current rainfall velocity amplitude R and current temperature value T, when
The change of environmental information exceedes rainfall threshold speed RminAnd/or temperature change threshold value TminWhen, the environment information acquisition module
Sensor group report environmental information data from data processing and control module described in trend, the time interval reported is 5min；
S4：Current the rainfall velocity amplitude R and current temperature value T that report is normalized in the data processing and control module
Processing：
(1) if current rainfall velocity amplitude R<Rainfall threshold speed Rmin, and current temperature value T meets | T-T0| ＜ Tmin, then
By initial acquisition frequency f0Crag status information is acquired；
(2) if current rainfall velocity amplitude R>Rainfall threshold speed Rmin, and current temperature value T meets | T-T0| ＜ Tmin, then
Current rainfall speed is normalized, i.e.,
(3) if current rainfall velocity amplitude R<Rainfall threshold speed Rmin, and current temperature value T meets | T-T0| ＞ Tmin, then
Current Temperatures change is normalized, i.e.,
(4) if current rainfall velocity amplitude R>Rainfall threshold speed Rmin, and current temperature value T meets | T-T0| ＞ Tmin, then
Current rainfall speed and temperature change are normalized respectively, rainfall speed normalized is
Temperature change normalized is
S5：The frequency acquisition f of crag status information is calculated according to the result of the normalized of step S4, and to gather frequency
Rate f is acquired crag status information：
Frequency acquisition f=[f0+JRain*fΔ*α+JTemperature*fΔ* β], in formula, α is the weight of rainfall factor, and β is temperature factor
Weight, and meet alpha+beta=1, fΔFor the excursion of frequency acquisition, fΔ=fmax-f0.In the environmental factor of crag, rainfall is
The Main change factor of environment, and change of the temperature within some time and little, therefore α=0.9 is taken, β=0.1.
S6：The data processing and control module is collected according to the sensor group of the crag status information capture module
Crag status information carries out crag state risk assessment.
Carry out concretely comprising the following steps for crag state risk assessment：
S61：Choose crag status information data：Rock stress data and crack displacement data；
S62：Crag status information is divided into four grades：Devoid of risk, low-risk, risk, excessive risk, establish each wind
Dangerous grade meets normal distribution Gaussian membership function, i.e.,Wherein, x is independent variable, and σ and c are
Parameter；
S63：Membership function parameter is chosen according to crag status information：C is chosen respectively1、c2、c3、c4And σ1Construct rock
Devoid of risk, low-risk, risk, the membership function parameter of excessive risk of stress data, c1＜ c2＜ c3＜ c4, choose respectively
ca、cb、cc、cdAnd σ2Devoid of risk, low-risk, risk, the membership function parameter of excessive risk of diaclase displacement, ca＜ cb
＜ cc＜ cd；
S64：The membership vector that rock stress is calculated isCrack displacement
Membership vector be
S65：Mould is established according to four risk class of the four of rock stress data risk class and crack displacement data
Paste reasoning table；Table 1 is fuzzy reasoning table：
S66：Crag state Global Information degree of membership ξ is calculated according to fuzzy reasoning meterNothing、ξIt is low、ξInAnd ξIt is high, sector-style of going forward side by side danger
Assessment, obtains the stability of crag under current environment, wherein,
ξNothing=μNothing*δNothing,
ξIt is low=μNothing*δIt is low+μIt is low*δNothing,
ξIn=μIt is low*δIt is low+μIn*δNothing+μIn*δIt is low+μNothing*δIn+μIt is low*δIn,
ξIt is high=μIn*δIn+μIt is high*δNothing+μIt is high*δIt is low+μIt is high*δIn+μNothing*δIt is high+μIt is low*δIt is high+μIn*δIt is high+μIt is high*δIt is high。
In above-described embodiment of the application, by provide a kind of precarious rock mass monitoring system based on adaptive frequency acquisition and its
At methods of risk assessment, including environment information acquisition module, crag status information capture module, wireless transport module and data
Control module is managed, when the change of environmental information exceedes given threshold, the environment information acquisition module will collect automatically
Environmental information data are uploaded to the data processing and control module by the wireless transport module, and the crag status information is adopted
Collection module is in passive acquisition state, and whether the crag status information capture module is determined by the data processing and control module
The frequency acquisition of progress data acquisition and crag status information is needed, the data processing and control module is according to the crag shape
The risk that rock occurs for the crag status information that state information acquisition module collects avalanche is assessed.Work(is being lowered in the invention
Accurately and effectively crag state is monitored while consumption.
It should be pointed out that it is limitation of the present invention that described above, which is not, the present invention is also not limited to the example above,
What those skilled in the art were made in the essential scope of the present invention changes, is modified, adds or replaces, and also should
Belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of methods of risk assessment of the precarious rock mass monitoring system based on adaptive frequency acquisition, system include environment information acquisition
Module, crag status information capture module, wireless transport module and data processing and control module, wherein, the environmental information
Acquisition module includes rain sensor and temperature sensor, when the change of environmental information exceedes given threshold, the environment letter
The environmental information data collected are uploaded to the data processing control by breath acquisition module by the wireless transport module automatically
Molding block, the crag status information capture module are in passive acquisition state, institute are determined by the data processing and control module
State whether crag status information capture module needs to carry out the frequency acquisition of data acquisition and crag status information, the data
According to the crag status information that the crag status information capture module collects to rock avalanche occurs for processing and control module
Risk is assessed, it is characterised in that is included the following steps：
S1：The sensor group of the environment information acquisition module is arranged according to crag site environment, according to crag state arrangement institute
State the sensor group of crag status information capture module；
S2：Rainfall threshold speed is set as Rmin, rainfall speed maximum is Rmax, rainfall speed variation is RΔ=Rmax-
Rmin, temperature constant value is T0, temperature change threshold value is Tmin, temperature maximum Tmax, range of temperature TΔ=Tmax-Tmin,
The initial acquisition frequency of crag status information capture module is f0, the maximum frequency acquisition of crag status information capture module is
fmax；
S3:The sensor group of the environment information acquisition module gathers current rainfall velocity amplitude R and current temperature value T, works as environment
The change of information exceedes rainfall threshold speed RminAnd/or temperature change threshold value TminWhen, the biography of the environment information acquisition module
Sensor group reports environmental information data from data processing and control module described in trend；
S4：Place is normalized to current the rainfall velocity amplitude R and current temperature value T that report in the data processing and control module
Reason；
S5：The frequency acquisition f of crag status information is calculated according to the result of the normalized of step S4, and with frequency acquisition f
Crag status information is acquired；
S6：The crag that the data processing and control module is collected according to the sensor group of the crag status information capture module
Status information carries out crag state risk assessment.
2. the methods of risk assessment of the precarious rock mass monitoring system according to claim 1 based on adaptive frequency acquisition, it is special
Sign is that normalized is specially in step S4：
(1) if current rainfall velocity amplitude R<Rainfall threshold speed Rmin, and current temperature value T meets | T-T0| ＜ Tmin, then by initial
Frequency acquisition f0Crag status information is acquired；
(2) if current rainfall velocity amplitude R>Rainfall threshold speed Rmin, and current temperature value T meets | T-T0| ＜ Tmin, then to current
Rainfall speed is normalized, i.e.,
(3) if current rainfall velocity amplitude R<Rainfall threshold speed Rmin, and current temperature value T meets | T-T0| ＞ Tmin, then to current
Temperature change is normalized, i.e.,
(4) if current rainfall velocity amplitude R>Rainfall threshold speed Rmin, and current temperature value T meets | T-T0| ＞ Tmin, then it is right respectively
Current rainfall speed and temperature change are normalized, and rainfall speed normalized isTemperature becomes
Changing normalized is
3. the methods of risk assessment of the precarious rock mass monitoring system according to claim 1 based on adaptive frequency acquisition, it is special
Sign is, frequency acquisition f=[f in step S50+JRain*fΔ*α+JTemperature*fΔ* β], in formula, α is the weight of rainfall factor, and β is temperature
The weight of factor, and meet alpha+beta=1, fΔFor the excursion of frequency acquisition, fΔ=fmax-f0。
4. the methods of risk assessment of the precarious rock mass monitoring system according to claim 1 based on adaptive frequency acquisition, it is special
Sign is that step S6 carries out concretely comprising the following steps for crag state risk assessment：
S61：Choose crag status information data：Rock stress data and crack displacement data；
S62：Crag status information is divided into four grades：Devoid of risk, low-risk, risk, excessive risk, establish each risk etc.
Level meets normal distribution Gaussian membership function, i.e.,Wherein, x is independent variable, and σ and c are ginseng
Number；
S63：Membership function parameter is chosen according to crag status information：C is chosen respectively1、c2、c3、c4And σ1Construct rock stress
Devoid of risk, low-risk, risk, the membership function parameter of excessive risk of data, c1＜ c2＜ c3＜ c4, c is chosen respectivelya、cb、
cc、cdAnd σ2Devoid of risk, low-risk, risk, the membership function parameter of excessive risk of diaclase displacement, ca＜ cb＜ cc＜
cd；
S64：The membership vector that rock stress is calculated isThe person in servitude of crack displacement
Category degree vector is
S65：Fuzzy push away is established according to the four of rock stress data risk class and four risk class of crack displacement data
Manage table；
S66：Crag state Global Information degree of membership ξ is calculated according to fuzzy reasoning meterNothing、ξIt is low、ξInAnd ξIt is high, sector-style of going forward side by side nearly comments
Estimate, obtain the stability of crag under current environment, wherein,
ξNothing=μNothing*δNothing,
ξIt is low=μNothing*δIt is low+μIt is low*δNothing,
ξIn=μIt is low*δIt is low+μIn*δNothing+μIn*δIt is low+μNothing*δIn+μIt is low*δIn,
ξIt is high=μIn*δIn+μIt is high*δNothing+μIt is high*δIt is low+μIt is high*δIn+μNothing*δIt is high+μIt is low*δIt is high+μIn*δIt is high+μIt is high*δIt is high。
5. the methods of risk assessment of the precarious rock mass monitoring system according to claim 3 based on adaptive frequency acquisition, it is special
Sign is, α=0.9, β=0.1.
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| CN101452629B (en) * | 2007-12-07 | 2012-09-19 | 武汉大学 | Remote monitoring system for disaster of mountain massif coast |
| CN101246217B (en) * | 2008-03-17 | 2010-06-02 | 陈洪凯 | Dangerous rock falling calamity early warning instrument and method thereof |
| CN202033877U (en) * | 2011-03-23 | 2011-11-09 | 闫慧 | Emergency safety alarm device for sudden collapse disaster |
| CN205334690U (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-06-22 | 罗金玲 | Timely alarm device of highway side slope danger rock mass landslide disaster |
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2016
- 2016-06-27 CN CN201610481619.8A patent/CN106198924B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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