CN106190520B - 一种机械切削用冷却液 - Google Patents

一种机械切削用冷却液 Download PDF

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CN106190520B
CN106190520B CN201610548142.0A CN201610548142A CN106190520B CN 106190520 B CN106190520 B CN 106190520B CN 201610548142 A CN201610548142 A CN 201610548142A CN 106190520 B CN106190520 B CN 106190520B
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coolant liquid
bamboo powder
glycol
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CN106190520A (zh
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朱兴保
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Anhui Jingtong Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

发明公开了一种机械切削用冷却液，由以下成分制成，丙二醇、山梨醇、油酸乙二醇酯、十二烯基丁二酸、三乙醇胺、竹粉浸泡液、纳米硅藻土、葡萄糖酸钠、聚乙二醇、缓蚀剂、消泡剂、分散剂、水。本发明切削冷却液，绿色环保、冷却性好，通过各成分之间的协同作用，提高了冷却液的组织结构性能，改善冷却液的成分构成，提高冷却液各方面综合性能，具有较好的黏温特性和水溶性，润滑效果显著，能够减少切削液泡沫的产生，解决了以往切削液变质、有沉淀物的问题，冷却液有效去除加工过程中产生的微小颗粒，保证产品干净合格，极大的提高了工件的精度。

Description

一种机械切削用冷却液
技术领域
本发明涉及冷却液技术领域，特别是涉及一种机械切削用冷却液。
背景技术
冷却液是一种复杂多组分体系，优良的冷却液应具有散热、防腐蚀、防冻、高沸点、防水垢和阻止起泡等功能。切削用冷却液一般需具备导热系数大、冷却、润滑和防锈性能好，在切削用冷却液迅速发展的今天，现有的切削用冷却液经常添加对人体有致癌作用的亚硝酸钠、铬酸盐等物质为防锈剂和防腐剂，不仅其废液难以处理，并且对人类和环境造成极大的危害。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种机械切削用冷却液。
本发明通过以下技术方案实现：
一种机械切削用冷却液，按重量份计由以下成分制成，丙二醇122、山梨醇3、油酸乙二醇酯5、十二烯基丁二酸5、三乙醇胺4、竹粉浸泡液3、纳米硅藻土0.8、葡萄糖酸钠2、聚乙二醇2、缓蚀剂0.01、消泡剂0.2、分散剂0.5、水50；所述竹粉浸泡液按重量份计由以下成分制成：竹粉8、苦瓜汁4、去离子水12，所述苦瓜汁的制备方法为将直接用纱布包住榨汁，剩余的果皮、果肉都不用，所述竹粉浸泡液的制备方法为：将竹粉添加到去离子水中，加热至100℃，保温30分钟，然后冷却至55℃，保温1小时，最后，自然冷却至室温，除去竹粉，添加苦瓜汁，搅拌均匀，即可。
进一步地，所述丙二醇为1,2-丙二醇。
进一步地，所述纳米硅藻土的粒度为22nm，所述纳米硅藻土经过改性处理：将纳米硅藻土与改性溶液按1:50质量比例在18℃下混合浸泡40分钟后，过滤出，烘干，即可，所述改性溶液由丙氨酸、柠檬酸和去离子水按1:4：16体积比例混合而成。
进一步地，所述所述聚乙二醇平均分子量为2800。
进一步地，所述缓蚀剂由色氨酸、丙氨酸、硼砂按5:3:1质量比例混合而成。
进一步地，所述消泡剂为改性硅油，所述改性硅油按重量份计由双羟基硅油20、亮氨酸0.5、四甲基氢氧化铵0.1、氨水0.1制成，所述改性硅油的制备方法为：将双羟基硅油与亮氨酸、四甲基氢氧化铵、氨水添加到反应釜中，温度调节到97℃，压力调节到2.64MPa，反应30分钟后，即得。
进一步地，所述分散剂为三甘醇、正辛醇、硅酸钠、瓜尔胶按4:3:1:2质量比例混合而成。
本发明配制的竹粉浸泡液能延缓切削液变质时间，同时起到杀菌效果，抑制金属腐蚀。
缓蚀剂应用和开发过程中所涉及的环境问题,为了满足国民经济可持续发展的需要,必须在深入研究缓蚀剂作用机理的基础上,合成开发新型高效、低毒的环境友好缓蚀剂,本发明经过大量的实验研究配置出的缓蚀剂，绿色安全无污染，缓蚀剂用量低、缓蚀效果好，易被生物降解，原料易得，成本低，能够在较宽的PH范围内兼有缓蚀和阻垢双重性能，缓蚀效率高达98.4％，解决了传统缓蚀剂用大量，成本高，缓蚀效果不稳定的问题。
本发明由色氨酸、丙氨酸、硼砂复配制成的消泡剂，其消泡性能比有机硅类消泡剂消泡性能强10倍左右。
通过合理配置缓蚀剂、消泡剂、分散剂、经过改性处理的纳米硅藻土和其它成分之间的有效配伍，能够提升防腐性能，大大延长冷却液的使用寿命，可以保证降低切削温度最高达160°，提高速度35％左右，减少摩擦阻力28％，使切削刀具的使用寿命延长5.5倍。通过使用润滑冷却液，既降低了加工过程中的阻力以及温度，又避免了工件出现划伤以及啃刀现象。在金属切削加工过程中,刀具与工件间形成高压,随之产生很大的阻力和很高的温度。在刀尖上由于摩擦而形成切削瘤(刀瘤)。切削瘤经冷焊后硬度高,造成刀刃的损坏；并对工件有划伤和啃刀等现象,因此严重地影响了制品的表面光洁度、精度以及刀具的使用寿命，采用本发明切削冷却液能够有效防止此类现象的发生。
本发明的有益效果是，与现有技术相比：
本发明切削冷却液，冷却性好，通过各成分之间的协同作用，提高了冷却液的组织结构性能，改善冷却液的成分构成，提高冷却液各方面综合性能，具有较好的黏温特性和水溶性，润滑效果显著，能够减少切削液泡沫的产生，解决了以往切削液变质、有沉淀物的问题，冷却液有效去除加工过程中产生的微小颗粒，保证产品干净合格，极大的提高了工件的精度。
具体实施方式
一种机械切削用冷却液，按重量份计由以下成分制成，丙二醇122、山梨醇3、油酸乙二醇酯5、十二烯基丁二酸5、三乙醇胺4、竹粉浸泡液3、纳米硅藻土0.8、葡萄糖酸钠2、聚乙二醇2、缓蚀剂0.01、消泡剂0.2、分散剂0.5、水50；所述竹粉浸泡液按重量份计由以下成分制成：竹粉8、苦瓜汁4、去离子水12，所述苦瓜汁的制备方法为将直接用纱布包住榨汁，剩余的果皮、果肉都不用，所述竹粉浸泡液的制备方法为：将竹粉添加到去离子水中，加热至100℃，保温30分钟，然后冷却至55℃，保温1小时，最后，自然冷却至室温，除去竹粉，添加苦瓜汁，搅拌均匀，即可。
进一步地，所述丙二醇为1,2-丙二醇。
进一步地，所述纳米硅藻土的粒度为22nm，所述纳米硅藻土经过改性处理：将纳米硅藻土与改性溶液按1:50质量比例在18℃下混合浸泡40分钟后，过滤出，烘干，即可，所述改性溶液由丙氨酸、柠檬酸和去离子水按1:4：16体积比例混合而成。
进一步地，所述所述聚乙二醇平均分子量为2800。
进一步地，所述缓蚀剂由色氨酸、丙氨酸、硼砂按5:3:1质量比例混合而成。
进一步地，所述消泡剂为改性硅油，所述改性硅油按重量份计由双羟基硅油20、亮氨酸0.5、四甲基氢氧化铵0.1、氨水0.1制成，所述改性硅油的制备方法为：将双羟基硅油与亮氨酸、四甲基氢氧化铵、氨水添加到反应釜中，温度调节到97℃，压力调节到2.64MPa，反应30分钟后，即得。
进一步地，所述分散剂为三甘醇、正辛醇、硅酸钠、瓜尔胶按4:3:1:2质量比例混合而成。
通过GB/6144-2010所需达到的技术要求，对冷却液缓蚀性能的试验对比：
表1
其中：对比例1为本发明成分中不添加竹粉浸泡液，其它成分不变，制成的冷却液。
由表1可以看出，本发明冷却液制备中不添加竹粉浸泡液，对腐蚀性和防锈性试验的影响极大。

Claims (1)

1.一种机械切削用冷却液，其特征在于，按重量份计由以下成分制成，丙二醇122、山梨醇3、油酸乙二醇酯5、十二烯基丁二酸5、三乙醇胺4、竹粉浸泡液3、纳米硅藻土0.8、葡萄糖酸钠2、聚乙二醇2、缓蚀剂0.01、消泡剂0.2、分散剂0.5、水50；所述竹粉浸泡液按重量份计由以下成分制成：竹粉8、苦瓜汁4、去离子水12，所述苦瓜汁的制备方法为用纱布包住榨汁，剩余的果皮、果肉都不用，所述竹粉浸泡液的制备方法为：将竹粉添加到去离子水中，加热至100℃，保温30分钟，然后冷却至55℃，保温1小时，最后，自然冷却至室温，除去竹粉，添加苦瓜汁，搅拌均匀，即可；所述丙二醇为1,2-丙二醇；所述纳米硅藻土的粒度为22nm，所述纳米硅藻土经过改性处理：将纳米硅藻土与改性溶液按1:50质量比例在18℃下混合浸泡40分钟后，过滤出，烘干，即可，所述改性溶液由丙氨酸、柠檬酸和去离子水按1:4：16体积比例混合而成；所述聚乙二醇平均分子量为2800；所述缓蚀剂由色氨酸、丙氨酸、硼砂按5:3:1质量比例混合而成；所述消泡剂为改性硅油，所述改性硅油按重量份计由双羟基硅油20、亮氨酸0.5、四甲基氢氧化铵0.1、氨水0.1制成，所述改性硅油的制备方法为：将双羟基硅油与亮氨酸、四甲基氢氧化铵、氨水添加到反应釜中，温度调节到97℃，压力调节到2.64MPa，反应30分钟后，即得；所述分散剂为三甘醇、正辛醇、硅酸钠、瓜尔胶按4:3:1:2质量比例混合而成。
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