CN106190505B - 一种涡轮增压直喷发动机用润滑油组合物 - Google Patents
一种涡轮增压直喷发动机用润滑油组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106190505B CN106190505B CN201610654137.8A CN201610654137A CN106190505B CN 106190505 B CN106190505 B CN 106190505B CN 201610654137 A CN201610654137 A CN 201610654137A CN 106190505 B CN106190505 B CN 106190505B
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- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- -1 polyol ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
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- 150000002752 molybdenum compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
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- XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Phenyl-1-naphthylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008450 motivation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-phenyl aniline Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims 1
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 101100407037 Oryza sativa subsp. japonica PAO6 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种涡轮增压直喷发动机用润滑油组合物，由以下重量百分含量的组分调和而成：基础油75～85％、发动机油复合剂7～12％、粘度指数改进剂4～12％、摩擦改进剂0.3～1.0％、高温无灰抗氧剂0.3～1.0％、橡胶密封改进剂0.3～2％、降凝剂0.1～0.5％。本发明的润滑油组合物合理控制了润滑油成品油中钙含量、磷和钼的含量，使得所得产品具有优异的高温抗氧化性和活塞清净性，较强的油泥控制能力和出色的抗磨损保护能力；可有效减少涡轮直喷增压发动机低速早燃现象的发生，并有助提高车辆的燃油经济性，延长发动机使用寿命。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于发动机用润滑油技术领域，特别是涉及一种涡轮增压直喷发动机用润滑油组合物。
背景技术
近年来，涡轮增压和缸内直喷技术已成为点燃式汽油机的重要发展趋势。涡轮增压在提高发动机功率密度、增加扭矩输出上优势明显，因而在不增加排量的情况下提升了发动机动力性；缸内直喷技术可有效提高燃烧效率，改善燃油经济性和排放，并提升发动机瞬态响应性。由于世界各国政府制定的排放和燃油效率法规变得越来越严格，原始设备制造商们都在使用涡轮增压、汽油直喷式(TGDI)发动机技术。目前，涡轮增压汽油直喷式发动机占到新发动机产量的15-20％，并且在未来三到四年之后，在欧洲的市场份额将增加一倍。据预测，到2020年，市售新的小轿车中有50％将配备涡轮增压直喷式技术的发动机。
然而，采用涡轮增压直喷式技术的发动机也有负面影响，比如其运行温度比传统发动机要高很多，往往伴随着较高的燃油稀释，会导致氧化、机油变稠、积碳和油泥沉积，从而导致机油滤清器和油道的堵塞；发动机内壁由于过热而引起严重的积碳，涡轮增压器的轴承室内形成的积碳会导致轴承失效等问题，这些都对润滑油提出了更高的要求，必须具有更高的抗氧化性、高温清净性、更高的油膜强度及抗剪切性能。此外，涡轮增压直喷发动机最突出且让人困惑的问题是低速早燃现象。低速早燃即随着进气量的增加，缸内压力和温度不断提升，在低速段过高的扭矩需求容易引发随机早燃，是一种不正常燃烧现象。低速早燃发生时，缸内易引发超级爆震，缸内最高燃烧压力骤升，会使火花塞电极熔断、活塞环断裂、活塞顶部烧蚀、连杆弯曲等，严重时会造成发动机损毁。研究显示，低速早燃的形成主要与气缸湿壁量、燃烧室机油液滴分布、热点及积炭量等因素相关，机油的组成及品质对早燃形成也具有重要的影响。
目前国内针对涡轮增压直喷发动机的润滑油几乎采用的是与传统自然吸气的车辆用润滑油的质量等级和粘度相同，至多就是提高了机油质量等级，对改善涡轮增压直喷发动机的低速早燃现象没有任何作用，有的甚至会加剧低速早燃的产生。据申请人了解，国内涡轮增压直喷发动机用润滑油的相关报道较少，还未受到重视，CN10410957A介绍了一种涡轮增压发动机专用润滑油配方及其生产工艺，该专利主要是使用了合成基础油和高性能发动机复合剂来提升油品的抗高温氧化性、抗磨性和清净分散性，解决涡轮发动机积碳问题，但是并不能帮助改善涡轮增压直喷发动机的低速早燃问题以及发动机在长期高温工况下密封件因老化导致的渗油问题。
发明内容
发明目的：针对上述现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种涡轮增压直喷发动机用润滑油组合物。
技术方案：本发明的涡轮增压直喷发动机用润滑油组合物，由以下重量百分含量的组分调和而成：基础油75～85％、发动机油复合剂7～12％、粘度指数改进剂4～12％、摩擦改进剂0.3～1.0％、高温无灰抗氧剂0.3～1.0％、橡胶密封改进剂0.3～2％、降凝剂0.1～0.5％。
所得润滑油组合物的100℃运动粘度为9.3～16.3mm2/s，且润滑油中钙含量为0.2％以下，磷含量为0.06～0.12％，钼含量为0.01～0.08％。
所述基础油为复合基础油，其中包括酯类油，还包括加氢异构化Ⅲ类基础油和聚α-烯烃合成基础油中的至少一种。
优选的，所述基础油为复合基础油，其中包括酯类油，加氢异构化Ⅲ类基础油和聚α-烯烃合成基础油。其中，加氢异构化Ⅲ类基础油和聚α-烯烃合成基础油的重量比为1:1-2。
其中，所述加氢异构化Ⅲ类基础油可以选自基础油Yubase 4和基础油Yubase6中的至少一种；所述聚α-烯烃合成基础油可以选自基础油PAO 4和基础油PAO6中的至少一种；所述酯类油为饱和多元醇酯或100℃运动粘度为2000mm2/s的高粘度复酯，可以分别是饱和多元醇酯Esterex NP343、高粘度复合酯Priolube3986，进一步优选的，所述酯类油在润滑油组合物中的占比为0.5～5％。
所述的发动机油复合剂为满足API SM以上级别的发动机油复合剂，优选的，本发明中选用的发动机油复合机可以为发动机复合剂P5810、发动机复合剂Hitec9890等。发动机油复合剂是选用优质的清净剂、分散剂、抗氧抗腐剂及无灰抗氧剂、减磨剂等调制而成，添加了发动机油复合剂的柴油机油可显著改善发动机的活塞充炭和汽缸磨损，并有优异的烟灰分散和抗氧、抗腐蚀及抗磨损性能，可有效地保护发动机和延长发动机使用寿命。
本发明通过在润滑油配方中加入适量的饱和多元醇酯或高粘度复酯，不仅帮助提高了油品的高温清净分散性，而且增强了油品在低速、重载荷工况下的油膜厚度，并利用复酯与发动机复合剂中ZDDP的协同作用，有效提高了油品对阀系的抗磨损保护，降低油品在弹性流体动力润滑条件下的牵引力系数，提高车辆的燃油经济性。
所述的粘度指数改进剂为乙烯丙烯共聚物、氢化苯乙烯双烯共聚物或聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯中的一种，可以是粘度指数改进剂SV261、粘度指数改进剂Lubrizol7077或者粘度指数改进剂Viscoplex 2-540。
所述的摩擦改进剂为油溶性二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼盐、二烷基二硫代磷酸钼盐或含硫三核钼化合物中的一种，具体可以是含10％钼的二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼Sakura-lube 525、含9％钼的二烷基二硫代磷酸钼Sakura-lube 300或含5.5％钼的三核钼化合物Infineum S1888中的一种。
优选的，本发明组分中还加入了高温无灰抗氧剂，所述高温无灰抗氧剂为烷基二苯胺或苯基-α-萘胺。本发明的基础油采用加氢异构化III类或聚α烯烃合成基础油，并配合高温无灰抗氧剂，可有效提高油品的耐高温性和抗氧化性，防止涡轮增压器轴承沉积物的形成，为增压器元件提供良好的抗磨保护。
优选的，本发明所述橡胶密封改进剂为3-烷氧基四亚烷基砜。通过加入橡胶密封改进剂，可有助于提高润滑油对发动机密封件的兼容保护性，延缓密封件的老化，修复并活化已老化的密封件，有效解决车辆渗油的问题。
所述的降凝剂为聚甲基丙烯酸酯，可以是聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯Viscoplex 1-248。
有益效果：相比较于现有技术，本发明的润滑油组合物具有以下优点：(1)合理控制了润滑油成品油中钙含量、磷和钼的含量，使得所得产品具有优异的高温抗氧化性和活塞清净性，较强的油泥控制能力和出色的抗磨损保护能力；(2)可有效减少涡轮直喷增压发动机低速早燃现象的发生，并有助提高车辆的燃油经济性；(3)对尾气后处理***提供了很好的兼容性保护，解决了因密封件老化导致的渗油问题，有助于延长发动机使用寿命。
具体实施方式
原料来源：发动机复合剂Infineum P5810、粘度指数改进剂氢化苯乙烯双烯共聚物SV261、摩擦改进剂Infineum S1888均来自美国润英联公司；饱和多元醇酯EsterexNP343来自美国美孚公司；摩擦改进剂Sakura-lube 525、摩擦改进剂Sakura-lube 300来自日本艾迪科公司；降凝剂聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯Viscoplex 1-248、粘度指数改进剂Viscoplex2-540来自德国赢创德固赛公司；发动机复合剂Hitec9890来自美国雅富顿公司；乙烯丙烯共聚物LZ7077均来自美国路博润公司；高粘度复合酯Priolube 3986来自英国禾大化学品公司。其他未做特殊说明的原料，均为市场所售。
实施例1
本实施例中的涡轮增压直喷发动机用润滑油组合物，由以下重量百分含量的组分调和而成：
实施例2
本实施例中的涡轮增压直喷发动机用润滑油组合物，由以下重量百分含量的组分调和而成：
实施例3
本实施例中的涡轮增压直喷发动机用润滑油组合物，由以下重量百分含量的组分调和而成：
实施例4
本实施例中的涡轮增压直喷发动机用润滑油组合物，由以下重量百分含量的组分调和而成：
实施例5
本实施例中的涡轮增压直喷发动机用润滑油组合物，由以下重量百分含量的组分调和而成：
实施例6
本实施例中的涡轮增压直喷发动机用润滑油组合物，由以下重量百分含量的组分调和而成：
实施例7
本实施例中的涡轮增压直喷发动机用润滑油组合物，由以下重量百分含量的组分调和而成：
性能测试：
上述各实施例的主要性能指标列于表1。
表1各实施例油品的性能指标数据
由表中数据可见，实施例1到7中所得润滑油100℃运动粘度为9.3～16.3mm2/s，且润滑油中钙含量为0.2％以下，磷含量为0.06～0.12％，钼含量为0.01％～0.08％。能够具有优异的高温抗氧化性、活塞清净性、油泥控制性、抗磨损保护性和抗剪切性，能够有效保护涡轮增压直喷发动机各润滑部位，防止涡轮增压器轴承因沉积物而烧蚀，并大大降低低速早燃现象的发生，提高车辆燃油经济性和发动机使用寿命。同时防止过早因密封件老化而出现渗油问题，并可活化已老化的密封元件，解决车辆渗漏问题。
Claims (5)
1.一种涡轮增压直喷发动机用润滑油组合物，其特征在于，所述润滑油组合物的100℃运动粘度为9.3～16.3mm2/s，润滑油中钙含量为0.2％以下，磷含量为0.06～0.12％，钼含量为0.01～0.08％；
所述润滑油组合物由以下重量百分含量的组分调和而成：基础油75～85％、发动机油复合剂7～12％、粘度指数改进剂4～12％、摩擦改进剂0.3～1.0％、高温无灰抗氧剂0.3～1.0％、橡胶密封改进剂0.3～2％、降凝剂0.1～0.5％；
所述基础油为复合基础油，其中包括酯类油，还包括加氢异构化Ⅲ类基础油和聚α-烯烃合成基础油中的至少一种；其中，所述酯类油为饱和多元醇酯或100℃运动粘度为2000mm2/s的高粘度复酯，并且在润滑油组合物中的占比为0.5～5％；
所述的摩擦改进剂为油溶性二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼盐、二烷基二硫代磷酸钼盐或含硫三核钼化合物中一种；所述橡胶密封改进剂为3-烷氧基四亚烷基砜；所述的降凝剂为聚甲基丙烯酸酯。
2.根据权利要求1所述的涡轮增压直喷发动机用润滑油组合物，其特征在于：所述加氢异构化Ⅲ类基础油选自基础油Yubase 4和基础油Yubase 6中的至少一种；所述聚α-烯烃合成基础油选自基础油PAO 4和基础油PAO 6中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的涡轮增压直喷发动机用润滑油组合物，其特征在于：所述的发动机油复合剂为满足API SM以上级别的发动机油复合剂。
4.根据权利要求1所述的涡轮增压直喷发动机用润滑油组合物，其特征在于：所述的粘度指数改进剂为乙烯丙烯共聚物、氢化苯乙烯双烯共聚物或聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯中的一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的涡轮增压直喷发动机用润滑油组合物，其特征在于：所述高温无灰抗氧剂为烷基二苯胺或苯基-α-萘胺。
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| CN105349225A (zh) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-02-24 | 龙蟠润滑新材料（天津）有限公司 | 一种全效节能型润滑油组合物 |
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