CN106180643A - The extrusion casting method of foundry goods - Google Patents
The extrusion casting method of foundry goods Download PDFInfo
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- CN106180643A CN106180643A CN201610848867.1A CN201610848867A CN106180643A CN 106180643 A CN106180643 A CN 106180643A CN 201610848867 A CN201610848867 A CN 201610848867A CN 106180643 A CN106180643 A CN 106180643A
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- extruding
- foundry goods
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- extruding drift
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/02—Pressure casting making use of mechanical pressure devices, e.g. cast-forging
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the extrusion casting method of a kind of foundry goods, comprise the following steps: preheated mold, melt is poured in mold cavity;Upper mold is moved downward to carry out matched moulds with lower mold, and the melt at the first position is extruded by the first extruding drift of mould, and the melt at the second position is extruded by the second extruding drift of mould;First extruding drift and the second extruding drift continue to move down, and make the first extruding drift and the second extruding drift that the extruding force of melt to be pressurized to f1 dwell time t1;Second extruding drift continues to move down, and makes the second extruding drift that the melt at the second position to continue supercharging, and the second extruding drift is pressurized to f2 dwell time t2, wherein f2 > f1 to the extruding force of melt;Die sinking, ejects foundry goods.The method is by directly extruding at equidirectional secondary foundry goods, in casting solidification process, according to the solidification sequencing of foundry goods different parts, carries out secondary extrusion stage by stage, improves pressure distribution state, improves product quality and yield rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to squeeze casting technology field, particularly to the extrusion casting method of a kind of foundry goods.
Background technology
Extrusion casint is that a certain amount of molten metal bath is directly injected into metal impression, and matched moulds realizes molten metal filling stream subsequently
Dynamic, and under machinery static pressure effect, there is High Pressure Solidification and a small amount of plastic deformation, thus obtain a kind of gold of blank or part
Belong to processing method.Foundry goods is typically by once direct extrusion molding, but when the foundry goods that pressing structure is complicated, this pressure is not
Can be evenly distributed on compressive plane, it is impossible to ensure that whole foundry goods is in the pressure solidification of effective extrusion ratio.Particularly when foundry goods not
When differing bigger with position thickness in vertical direction: during Direct Squeezing Casting, thickness smaller part position is prior to thickness
Relatively large part solidifies, thus causes squeeze pressure to be mainly distributed on thickness smaller part, and needs the thickness solidified at a continuous high pressure
Large part can only be assigned to less pressure, and this situation is unfavorable for the molding at the position that thickness is big and proposing of foundry goods overall performance
Height, especially as the increase of casting thickness difference, this unfavorable factor will be apparent from.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the extrusion casting method of a kind of foundry goods, it is possible to improve pressure distribution state, favorably
Molding and the raising of foundry goods overall performance in the big position of thickness.
For realizing the purpose of the present invention, adopt the technical scheme that:
The extrusion casting method of a kind of foundry goods, can realize equidirectional secondary for the foundry goods of became uneven and directly extrude, should
Foundry goods includes the first position and the second position, and the thickness at the first position is less than the thickness at the second position, and the method includes following step
Rapid:
(1), preheated mold, melt is poured in mold cavity;
(2), upper mold be moved downward to carry out matched moulds with lower mold, mould first extruding drift the melt at the first position is entered
Row extruding, the melt at the second position is extruded by the second extruding drift of mould;
(3), the first extruding drift and second extrudes drift and continues to move down, and makes the first extruding drift and the second extruding
Drift is pressurized to f1 dwell time t1 to the extruding force of melt;
(4), the second extruding drift continues to move down, and makes the second extruding drift continue to increase to the melt at the second position
Pressure, the second extruding drift is pressurized to f2 dwell time t2, wherein f2 > f1 to the extruding force of melt;
(5), die sinking, eject foundry goods.
The method is by directly extruding at vertical equidirectional secondary foundry goods, in casting solidification process, according to foundry goods
The solidification sequencing of different parts, carries out secondary extrusion stage by stage, makes squeeze pressure rationally divide during alloy graining
Cloth, improves pressure distribution state, improves local compression than pressure and pressure effective acting time, efficiently solves the portion that thickness is big
Molding and the foundry goods at the position that the problems, beneficially thickness such as the dense structure at the position that position is little not as good as thickness and coarse grains are big are whole
The raising of body performance, improves product quality and yield rate.
Below technical scheme is further illustrated:
Further, in step (4), the first extruding drift remains f1 to the extruding force at the first position.Make first
Extruding drift continues the melt to first component and presses, and prevents from deforming because of the pressurization of the second extruding drift, it is ensured that product
Quality.
Further, in step (2) and step (3), the first extruding drift and second is driven to squeeze by main hydraulic cylinder
Melt is extruded by pressure drift.
Further, in step (4), the second extruding drift is driven to continue the second position is melted by secondary hydraulic cylinder
Body pressurizes.
Further, in step (5), before die sinking, the pressure release of secondary hydraulic cylinder elder generation, main hydraulic cylinder pressure release again.
Further, in step (3), the melt at the first position and the second position is carried out extruding for the first time by mould,
First extrusion ratio pressure is 50-150MPa.
Further, in step (4), the second extruding drift carries out second time and extrudes the melt at the second position, the
Secondary extrusion is 60-150MPa than pressure.
Further, dwell time t1 is 30-80s, and dwell time t2 is 30-70s.
Further, in step (1), preheating temperature is 150-250 DEG C.
Further, this foundry goods is turbine, and the first position is floor, the second position runner band, the first extruding drift
For upper mold core, the second extruding drift is the upper modular ring arranged around upper mold core.The thickness of bars position is than runner band position
Thickness thin, for the first time during extruding, runner band position is extruded by upper modular ring, and the bars position of upper mold core squeezes
Pressure, after floor has solidified, makes modular ring continue to move down the continuation pressurization of runner band position, carries out secondary extrusion,
Thus reach improve pressure utilization ratio and increase the effect of turbine outer ring extrusion ratio pressure, make turbine outer ring thickness large part enough
Coagulation forming under big squeeze pressure, improves quality and the service life of worm gear further.
Compared with prior art, the method have the advantages that
The present invention is by directly extruding at vertical equidirectional secondary foundry goods, in casting solidification process, according to foundry goods
The solidification sequencing of different parts, carries out secondary extrusion stage by stage, makes squeeze pressure rationally divide during alloy graining
Cloth, improves pressure distribution state, improves local compression than pressure and pressure effective acting time, efficiently solves the portion that thickness is big
Molding and the foundry goods at the position that the problems, beneficially thickness such as the dense structure at the position that position is little not as good as thickness and coarse grains are big are whole
The raising of body performance, improves product quality and yield rate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the extrusion casting method of embodiment of the present invention foundry goods;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of embodiment of the present invention vertical extrusion casting machine;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of embodiment of the present invention mould.
Description of reference numerals:
10. the first template, 20. moving platens, 30. second templates, 40. main driving cylinders, 50. secondary driving cylinders, 510. top boards,
610. upper molds, 611. first extruding drifts, 612. second extruding drifts, 613. top mold frame, 620. lower molds, 621. lower die-sleeves,
622. lower mold core, 623. die cavities, 70. guide pillars, 80. drive mechanisms.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings embodiments of the invention are described in detail:
As it is shown in figure 1, the extrusion casting method of a kind of foundry goods, equidirectional secondary can be realized for the foundry goods of became uneven straight
Connecing extruding, this foundry goods includes the first position and the second position, and the thickness at the first position is less than the thickness at the second position, the method bag
Include following steps:
(1), preheated mold, melt is poured in mold cavity;
(2), upper mold be moved downward to carry out matched moulds with lower mold, mould first extruding drift the melt at the first position is entered
Row extruding, the melt at the second position is extruded by the second extruding drift of mould;
(3), the first extruding drift and second extrudes drift and continues to move down, and makes the first extruding drift and the second extruding
Drift is pressurized to f1 dwell time t1 to the extruding force of melt;
(4), the second extruding drift continues to move down, and makes the second extruding drift continue to increase to the melt at the second position
Pressure, the second extruding drift is pressurized to f2 dwell time t2, wherein f2 > f1 to the extruding force of melt;
(5), die sinking, eject foundry goods.
The method is by directly extruding at vertical equidirectional secondary foundry goods, in casting solidification process, according to foundry goods
The solidification sequencing of different parts, carries out secondary extrusion stage by stage, makes squeeze pressure rationally divide during alloy graining
Cloth, improves pressure distribution state, improves local compression than pressure and pressure effective acting time, efficiently solves the portion that thickness is big
Molding and the foundry goods at the position that the problems, beneficially thickness such as the dense structure at the position that position is little not as good as thickness and coarse grains are big are whole
The raising of body performance, improves product quality and yield rate.
In the present embodiment, this foundry goods is turbine, and the first position is floor, the second position runner band, the first extruding punching
Head is upper mold core, and the second extruding drift is the upper modular ring arranged around upper mold core.The thickness of bars position is than runner band position
The thickness put is thin, and for the first time during extruding, runner band position is extruded by upper modular ring, and the bars position of upper mold core squeezes
Pressure, after floor has solidified, makes modular ring continue to move down the continuation pressurization of runner band position, carries out secondary extrusion,
Thus reach improve pressure utilization ratio and increase the effect of turbine outer ring extrusion ratio pressure, make turbine outer ring thickness large part enough
Coagulation forming under big squeeze pressure, improves quality and the service life of worm gear further.
In step (1), the preheating temperature of mold cavity is 150-250 DEG C.
In step (2), drive the first extruding drift and the second extruding drift that melt is extruded by main hydraulic cylinder.
In step (3), main hydraulic cylinder is pressurized to certain pressure pressurize 30-80s, by the first extruding drift and second
Melt is carried out extruding for the first time by extruding drift, and extrusion ratio pressure is 50-150MPa for the first time.
In step (4), secondary hydraulic cylinder is pressurized to certain pressure pressurize 30-70s, by the second extruding drift to second
The melt at position carries out second time and extrudes, and extrusion ratio pressure is 60-150MPa for the second time;During this, main hydraulic cylinder continues
The pressure pressurize of extrusion ratio pressure for the first time has extruded to pressurize to second, makes the first extruding drift continue to melt first component
Body presses, and prevents from deforming because of the pressurization of the second extruding drift, it is ensured that product quality.
In step (5), after the melt of foundry goods solidifies completely, the pressure release of secondary hydraulic cylinder elder generation, main hydraulic cylinder pressure release again, then
Driving upper mold to move upward die sinking by lifting hydraulic cylinder, secondary hydraulic cylinder ejects foundry goods return.
In the present embodiment, this foundry goods is turbine, and the first position is floor, the second position runner band, the first extruding punching
Head is upper mold core, and the second extruding drift is the upper modular ring arranged around upper mold core.The thickness of bars position is than runner band position
The thickness put is thin, and for the first time during extruding, runner band position is extruded by upper modular ring, and the bars position of upper mold core squeezes
Pressure, after floor has solidified, makes modular ring continue to move down the continuation pressurization of runner band position, carries out secondary extrusion,
Thus reach improve pressure utilization ratio and increase the effect of turbine outer ring extrusion ratio pressure, make turbine outer ring thickness large part enough
Coagulation forming under big squeeze pressure, improves quality and the service life of worm gear further.
As a example by casting turbine, this extrusion casting method specifically includes following steps:
(1), ZA 27 alloy melting, slag hitting, degasification, holding temperature is 630 DEG C;
(2), preheated mold die cavity is to 200 DEG C;
(3), 30Kg alloy melt is injected mold cavity;
(4), main hydraulic cylinder drive matched moulds under upper mold core and upper mold hoop, decrease speed is 8mm/s;
(5), main hydraulic cylinder supercharging pressurize after matched moulds, carry out whole worm gear extruding for the first time, worm gear coagulates under stress
Gu, extrusion ratio pressure is 65MPa;
(6), after main hydraulic cylinder pressurize 50s, secondary hydraulic cylinder supercharging drives upper mold ring to be pressed down against, the extrusion ratio of worm rim
Pressure is 90MPa, and the dwell time is 60s;
(7), secondary hydraulic cylinder pressurize terminates rear release, the most main fluid cylinder release;
(8), lifting hydraulic cylinder drives upper mold to move upward die sinking;
(9), secondary hydraulic cylinder ejects foundry goods return.
The metal mold gravity casting method typically used relative to zinc alloy worm gear, the worm gear produced by the inventive method
Blank has the advantages such as dense structure, good mechanical performance, allowance is little, and the inventive method automaticity is high, former simultaneously
Stock utilization is high, reduces production cost while improving casting quality, it is adaptable to produces in enormous quantities, has positive technology
Application and promotional value.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the present invention also provides for a kind of vertical extrusion casting machine making and carrying out in aforementioned manners casting,
This vertical extrusion casting machine includes mould, the first template 10 the most positioned opposite, moving platen 20 and the second template
30 and be fixed on the main driving cylinder 40 in the first template 10 and the secondary driving cylinder 50 being fixed on moving platen 20, mould includes
The lower mold 620 that mould 610 is connected with the second template 30, the first extruding drift 611 that upper mold 610 includes being connected with moving platen 20 and
The the second extruding drift 612 being connected with the piston rod of secondary driving cylinder 50, the piston rod of main driving cylinder 40 is connected with moving platen 20.
The first of mould extrudes the position that the corresponding casting thickness of drift 611 is relatively thin, the second corresponding foundry goods of extruding drift 612
The position that thickness is thicker, when casting, pours into alloy melt in mould, and main driving cylinder 40 drives moving platen 20 by piston rod
Move downward, drive upper mold 610 to move down and lower mold 620 matched moulds simultaneously, the first extruding drift 611 and second of upper mold 610
Extruding drift 612 squeeze casting, the supercharging of main driving cylinder 40 pressurize after matched moulds simultaneously, make foundry goods entirety under high pressure solidify, real
Now the first time of foundry goods is extruded;After main driving cylinder 40 pressurize certain time, secondary driving cylinder 50 drives second to squeeze by piston rod
Pressure drift 612 is pressed down against the position that casting thickness is thicker, secondary driving cylinder 50 supercharging pressurize, makes the solidification that casting thickness is thicker
Position the most under high pressure solidifies, it is achieved extrude the second time of foundry goods.This vertical extrusion casting machine realizes vertical equidirectional secondary
Big pressure Direct Squeezing Casting, to guarantee that uneven thickness foundry goods realizes consecutive solidification under effective extrusion ratio pressure effect, thus carries
High product quality and yield rate.Simultaneously as use two big pressure extrusion driving cylinders to use the mode of series connection linkage, make casting
Machine compact overall structure, volume are little, low cost of manufacture, are easily installed and safeguard.In like manner, partly have when casting thickness differs greatly
N, this profit is that extrusion casting machine arranges n driving cylinder the most according to actual needs, and moving platen 20 arranges n-1 according to actual needs
Individual, according to the solidification sequencing of foundry goods different parts, extrude the most successively.
In the present embodiment, as it is shown on figure 3, first extruding drift 611 be upper mold core, second extrude drift 612 be around
The upper modular ring that upper mold core is arranged, upper mold 610 also includes that top mold frame 613, top mold frame 613 are connected with moving platen 20, and upper mold core is fixed
In top mold frame 613, lower mold 620 includes the lower die-sleeve 621 being fixed in the second template 30 and is fixed on lower die-sleeve 621
Lower mold core 622, lower mold core 622 is provided with the die cavity 623 coordinated with upper mold core and upper modular ring, makes to be adapted to center thickness little, outer ring
The casting of the foundry goods that thickness is big, is particularly well-suited to the casting of turbine, solves the position, the outer ring tissue not as good as floor position of turbine
The fine and close problem with coarse grains.Mould can also be shaped to other forms according to foundry goods.
As in figure 2 it is shown, vertical extrusion casting machine also includes that top board 510, top board 510 connect with the piston rod of secondary driving cylinder 50
Connecing, the second extruding drift 612 is connected with top board 510.The piston rod of secondary driving cylinder 50 is by top board 510 and the second extruding drift
612 connect, it is simple to install and safeguard.
Guide pillar 70, moving platen 20 is had to be provided with and guide pillar 70 as in figure 2 it is shown, connect between the first template 10 and the second template 30
The pilot hole (accompanying drawing does not identifies) coordinated.The movement of moving platen 20 is play the guiding role by guide pillar 70, makes moving platen 20 move down upper
During Dong more stable, it is to avoid offset, also make closing precision higher.
In the present embodiment, guide pillar 70 has two groups, arranges before and after two groups of guide pillars, and often group guide pillar includes two guide pillars 70,
Make moving platen 20 more balance and stability during moving up and down.
As in figure 2 it is shown, vertical extrusion casting machine also includes the drive mechanism 80 driving moving platen 20 to move up and down, drive machine
Structure 80 is located in the first template 10.During die sinking, drive mechanism 80 drives moving platen 20 to move upward die sinking, and secondary driving cylinder 50 drives
Top board 510 ejects foundry goods, makes die sinking more convenient, and makes the overall structure of vertical extrusion casting machine more compact.
In the present embodiment, drive mechanism 80 is lifting hydraulic cylinder, and the piston rod of lifting hydraulic cylinder is connected with moving platen 20.
Main driving cylinder 40 and secondary driving cylinder 50 are also hydraulic cylinder, and main driving cylinder 40, secondary driving cylinder 50 and drive mechanism 80 can also bases
It is actually needed other drive forms of employing.
The maximum extrusion pressure of main driving cylinder 40 is more than the maximum extrusion pressure of secondary driving cylinder 50, in the present embodiment, main driving
The maximum extrusion pressure of cylinder 40 is 1000 tons, and the maximum extrusion pressure of secondary driving cylinder 50 is 800 tons.
The present invention is realized foundry goods in vertical equidirectional secondary extrusion by this vertical extrusion casting machine, at casting solidification
During, according to the solidification sequencing of foundry goods different parts, carry out secondary extrusion stage by stage, make squeeze pressure at alloy graining
During reasonable layout, improve local compression than pressure and pressure effective acting time, efficiently solve the portion that thickness is big
Molding and the foundry goods at the position that the problems, beneficially thickness such as the dense structure at the position that position is little not as good as thickness and coarse grains are big are whole
The raising of body performance, improves product quality and yield rate;And the driving cylinder of this casting machine uses the mode of series connection linkage, make entirety
Volume is little, more compact structure.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can combine arbitrarily, for making description succinct, not to above-mentioned reality
The all possible combination of each technical characteristic executed in example is all described, but, as long as the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited
In contradiction, all it is considered to be the scope that this specification is recorded.
Embodiment described above only have expressed the several embodiments of the present invention, and it describes more concrete and detailed, but also
Can not therefore be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that, come for those of ordinary skill in the art
Saying, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, it is also possible to make some deformation and improvement, these broadly fall into the protection of the present invention
Scope.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (10)
1. an extrusion casting method for foundry goods, can realize equidirectional secondary for the foundry goods of became uneven and directly extrude, this casting
Part includes the first position and the second position, and the thickness at described first position is less than the thickness at the second position, it is characterised in that the party
Method comprises the following steps:
(1), preheated mold, melt is poured in mold cavity;
(2), upper mold be moved downward to carry out matched moulds with lower mold, mould first extruding drift the melt at the first position is squeezed
Pressure, the melt at the second position is extruded by the second extruding drift of mould;
(3), the first extruding drift and second extrudes drift and continues to move down, and makes the first extruding drift and the second extruding drift
The extruding force of melt is pressurized to f1 dwell time t1;
(4), the second extruding drift continue to move down, and make the second extruding drift that the melt at the second position is continued supercharging, the
Two extruding drifts are pressurized to f2 dwell time t2, wherein f2 > f1 to the extruding force of melt;
(5), die sinking, eject foundry goods.
The extrusion casting method of foundry goods the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (4), the first extruding punching
Head remains f1 to the extruding force at the first position.
The extrusion casting method of foundry goods the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (2) and step (3),
Drive the first extruding drift and the second extruding drift that melt is extruded by main hydraulic cylinder.
The extrusion casting method of foundry goods the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that in step (4), by secondary hydraulic pressure
Cylinder drives the second extruding drift to continue to pressurize the melt at the second position.
The extrusion casting method of foundry goods the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that in step (5), before die sinking, secondary
The pressure release of hydraulic cylinder elder generation, main hydraulic cylinder pressure release again.
The extrusion casting method of foundry goods the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (3), mould is to first
The melt at position and the second position carries out extruding for the first time, and the first extrusion ratio pressure is 50-150MPa.
The extrusion casting method of foundry goods the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (4), the second extruding punching
Head carries out second time to the melt at the second position and extrudes, and extrusion ratio pressure is 60-150MPa for the second time.
The extrusion casting method of foundry goods the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that dwell time t1 is 30-80s, protects
Pressure time t2 is 30-70s.
The extrusion casting method of foundry goods the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (1), preheating temperature is
150-250℃。
10. according to the extrusion casting method of the foundry goods described in any one of claim 1 to 9, it is characterised in that this foundry goods is whirlpool
Wheel, the first position is floor, the second position runner band, and the first extruding drift is upper mold core, and the second extruding drift is for around institute
State the upper modular ring that upper mold core is arranged.
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CN201610848867.1A CN106180643B (en) | 2016-09-23 | 2016-09-23 | The extrusion casting method of casting |
PCT/CN2016/108278 WO2018053939A1 (en) | 2016-09-23 | 2016-12-01 | Extrusion casting method of workpiece |
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CN201610848867.1A CN106180643B (en) | 2016-09-23 | 2016-09-23 | The extrusion casting method of casting |
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CN106180643B CN106180643B (en) | 2018-11-16 |
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WO2018053938A1 (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2018-03-29 | 广东粤海华金科技股份有限公司 | Tandem cylinder vertical extrusion casting machine |
CN109940150A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-06-28 | 苏州品汇精密电子有限公司 | A kind of aluminum alloy die casting processing adjustment type pressing device |
CN112846144A (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-05-28 | 刘库 | Die-casting equipment for automobile engine cylinder cover and machining method thereof |
CN113770326A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-12-10 | 金榀精密工业(苏州)有限公司 | Die core adjusting type die-casting forming structure |
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