CN106167591A - 一种pvc发泡体及制作方法 - Google Patents

一种pvc发泡体及制作方法 Download PDF

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CN106167591A
CN106167591A CN201610662936.XA CN201610662936A CN106167591A CN 106167591 A CN106167591 A CN 106167591A CN 201610662936 A CN201610662936 A CN 201610662936A CN 106167591 A CN106167591 A CN 106167591A
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pvc
foam body
pvc foam
raw material
stabilizer
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姚聪明
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ALL MATS Co Ltd
Taicang All Mats Plastic Ind Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种PVC发泡体及制作方法，所述的PVC发泡体使用的原料包括PVC回收料、发泡剂、稳定剂、润滑剂等，原料的质量配比为，PVC回收料50‑100份；发泡剂1‑5份；稳定剂2‑10份；润滑剂0.1‑1份，PVC回收料为PVC发泡材料的边角料经粉碎后的混合料。本发明充分利用PVC发泡的边角料，节约成本，减少污染。以行星挤出机代替密炼机和挤出机，节约成型时间，能耗低，产量高。

Description

一种PVC发泡体及制作方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种PVC发泡体及制作方法。
背景技术
湿式发泡产品的边角料约1%-3%，日积月累，会有大批的边角料库存。相对PVC湿式发泡，PVC干式发泡工艺较繁琐，主要有称重、混合、密炼、挤出、过滤、扩幅、压延、发泡、冷却、牵引等，其中密炼是整个工艺中花费时间最多的一道工艺。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术的不足，提供一种PVC发泡体及制作方法。
为解决以上技术问题，本发明采取如下技术方案：
一种PVC发泡体，所述的PVC发泡体使用的原料包括PVC回收料、发泡剂、稳定剂、润滑剂等，原料的质量配比为
PVC 回收料 50-100份
发泡剂 1-5份
稳定剂 2-10份
润滑剂 0.1-1份，
PVC回收料为PVC发泡材料的边角料经粉碎后的混合料。
优选地，所述的PVC发泡体使用的原料还包括PVC粉、增塑剂和色料，且质量配比为：
PVC粉 0-50份
增塑剂 0-50份。
优选地，PVC粉为PVC树脂、PVC乳化粉、PVC共聚树脂中一种或几种。
优选地，增塑剂为对苯二甲酸二辛酯、乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯中一种或两种。
优选地，发泡剂为偶氮二甲酰胺、小苏打中一种或两种。
优选地，稳定剂为固体钙锌复合稳定剂、液体钾锌复合稳定剂、环氧大豆油中一种或几种。
优选地，润滑剂为聚乙烯蜡、单硬脂酸甘油脂、硬脂酸中的一种或几种。
本发明还提供一种PVC发泡体的制作方法，所述的制作方法包括以下步骤，
（1）按配比将原料混合；（2）使用行星挤出机塑化；（3）过滤；（4）扩幅；（5）压延；（6）发泡；（7）冷却定型。
优选地，步骤（6）在发泡炉中进行，发泡炉的温度在180~220℃。
优选地，在步骤（7）中，冷却介质为水或/和气，冷却介质的温度为20-40℃。
由于以上技术方案的采用，本发明与现有技术相比具有如下优点：
本发明充分利用PVC发泡的边角料，节约成本，减少污染。以行星挤出机代替密炼机和挤出机，节约成型时间，能耗低，产量高。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步详细说明。应理解，这些实施例是用于说明本发明的基本原理、主要特征和优点，而本发明不受以下实施例的范围限制。实施例中采用的实施条件可以根据具体要求做进一步调整，未注明的实施条件通常为常规实验中的条件。
下面结合具体案例对本发明专利做进一步详细的说明。
实施例1
原料的质量配比为：
PVC回收料100份；偶氮二甲酰胺4份；钙锌复合稳定剂5份；硬脂酸0.2份；聚乙烯蜡0.2份；SG5型PVC粉5份；DOTP（对苯二甲酸二辛酯）5份；黑色母2份。
实施例2
原料的质量配比为：
PVC回收料100份；偶氮二甲酰胺3份；小苏打2份；钙锌复合稳定剂4份；单硬脂酸甘油脂0.3份；聚乙烯蜡0.2份；黑色母2份。
实施例3
原料的质量配比为：
PVC回收料100份；发泡剂5份；稳定剂10份；润滑剂1份，PVC粉50份；增塑剂50份。
实施例4
原料的质量配比为：
PVC回收料50份；发泡剂1份；稳定剂 2份；润滑剂0.1份。
上述实施例中PVC回收料为PVC发泡材料的边角料经粉碎后的混合料。
发泡体的制作方法，（1）按配比将原料投入高速混合机内进行混合；（2）将步骤（1）所得的物料投入行星挤出机进行塑化，使用行星挤出机进行塑化。由于使用的PVC回料密度低，行星挤出机的加料***是强制加料装置，可以有足够大的加料速度，可防止料斗中出现架桥现象，而且强制加料装置底部有冷却装置，可避免PVC回料在加料装置中被烧焦分解；物料在塑化过程中，旋转的中心螺杆驱动行星螺杆自转，使物料熔融塑化，而且螺杆与机筒内齿之间的间隙在0.2-0.4mm，使物料分散的更均匀，塑化效率高。塑化时，行星挤出机各区温度在140-160℃，挤出转速30-50转/min。优选地，行星挤出机的转速35r/min，挤出温度155℃，加料段有吸附装置，吸附混料中的金属物质。（3）将步骤（2）所得的物料投入过滤机进行过滤；（4）将步骤（3）所得的物料投入扩幅模具进行扩幅；（5）将步骤（4）所得的物料投入压延机内进行压延，控制厚度2mm，压延机为两辊压延机或三辊压延机；（6）将步骤（5）所得的物料投入干式发炮炉进行发泡，发泡炉各区温度在180-220℃，牵引速度为1-15m/min，优选地，发泡温度190℃，牵引速度5m/min，发炮炉为开放式发炮炉；（7）将步骤（6）所得的物料投入冷却室进行冷却定型，得到的产品厚度约10mm，硬度约30HD，密度约0.35 g/cm3，使用的冷却介质为水、气中的一种或两种组合，保证冷却定型温度在20-40℃，优选地，冷却介质为25-30℃的空气；（8）将步骤（7）所得的物料按照规格尺寸进行收卷。
本发明充分利用PVC发泡的边角料，节约成本，减少污染。以行星挤出机代替密炼机和挤出机，节约成型时间，能耗低，产量高。
以上对本发明做了详尽的描述，实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想，其目的在于让熟悉此领域技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种PVC发泡体，其特征在于：所述的PVC发泡体使用的原料包括PVC回收料、发泡剂、稳定剂、润滑剂等，原料的质量配比为
PVC 回收料 50-100份
发泡剂 1-5份
稳定剂 2-10份
润滑剂 0.1-1份，
PVC回收料为PVC发泡材料的边角料经粉碎后的混合料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种PVC发泡体，其特征在于：所述的PVC发泡体使用的原料还包括PVC粉、增塑剂和色料，且质量配比为：
PVC粉 0-50份
增塑剂 0-50份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的PVC发泡体，其特征在于：PVC粉为PVC树脂、PVC乳化粉、PVC共聚树脂中一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求2所述的PVC发泡体，其特征在于：增塑剂为对苯二甲酸二辛酯、乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯中一种或两种。
5.根据权利要求2所述的PVC发泡体，其特征在于：发泡剂为偶氮二甲酰胺、小苏打中一种或两种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的PVC发泡体，其特征在于：稳定剂为粉体钙锌复合稳定剂、液体钾锌复合稳定剂、环氧大豆油中一种或几种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的PVC发泡体，其特征在于：润滑剂为聚乙烯蜡、单硬脂酸甘油脂、硬脂酸中的一种或几种。
8.根据权利要求1~7任一项所述的PVC发泡体的制作方法，其特征在于：所述的制作方法包括以下步骤，
（1）按配比将原料混合；（2）使用行星挤出机塑化；（3）过滤；（4）扩幅；（5）压延；（6）发泡；（7）冷却定型。
9.根据权利要求8所述的PVC发泡体的制作方法，其特征在于：步骤（6）在发泡炉中进行，发泡炉的温度在180~220℃。
10.根据权利要求8所述的PVC发泡体的制作方法，其特征在于：在步骤（7）中，冷却介质为水或/和气，冷却介质的温度为20-40℃。
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