CN106150629A - A kind of system utilizing phase-change material heat storage function to improve thermopower generation efficiency - Google Patents
A kind of system utilizing phase-change material heat storage function to improve thermopower generation efficiency Download PDFInfo
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- CN106150629A CN106150629A CN201610505846.XA CN201610505846A CN106150629A CN 106150629 A CN106150629 A CN 106150629A CN 201610505846 A CN201610505846 A CN 201610505846A CN 106150629 A CN106150629 A CN 106150629A
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- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005619 thermoelectricity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 abstract description 30
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910002899 Bi2Te3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003141 lower extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000615 nonconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005144 thermotropism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
- F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
- F01N5/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat the device being thermoelectric generators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of system utilizing phase-change material heat storage function to improve thermopower generation efficiency, including: energy storage device, heat-exchange device and the thermo-electric device containing phase-change material.Thermo-electric device is for be made up of p-type and N-shaped thermoelectric material.The energy storage device containing phase-change material that the heat that thermo-electric device can have little time convert stores is between thermo-electric device and heat-exchange device.The present invention is conducive to improving the utilization rate of various unstable thermal source, additionally aids the power generation stability keeping thermoelectric heat generation system simultaneously.Due to the fact that the existence of heat-insulating heat-preserving material and air barrier, be conducive to hindering the transmission of heat thermoelectric device cold end, extend the time keeping a fixed difference difference between cold end and hot junction, improve Waste Heat Reuse rate.The present invention is different according to thermal source overall thermal flow, chooses different thermoelectric heat generation system structure, advantageously reduces the interface resistance that phase-change material brings, make full use of used heat, improves conversion efficiency of thermoelectric.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of system improving thermopower generation efficiency, be specifically related to one and utilize phase-change material heat accumulation merit
Can, alleviate not mating between heat demand and supply, improve the system of thermoelectric heat generation system efficiency.
Background technology
Along with being significantly increased of demand for energy, the drastically minimizing of fossil energy and environmental problem are increasingly sharpened, actively
Seek new forms of energy and new energy utilization patterns become the study hotspot of global concern.In numerous new energy use technologies, heat
Electricity generating has that apparatus structure is simple, mechanical drive disk assembly, volume are little, length in service life, reliability are high, without operating noise,
Advantages of environment protection, of great interest in fields such as solar energy, waste heat of automotive exhaust gas and the remaining Waste Heat Reuse of industry, be expected to for
Improve energy utilization rate, fall dirt reduces discharging, alleviation environmental problem provides a kind of new approach.
Thermoelectric power generation is the pyroelectric effect utilizing thermoelectric material, carries out transporting of energy by carrier (electrons)
Realize the conversion between heat energy and electric energy.The performance indications of thermoelectric material are typically by the dimensionless figure of merit (figure of merit)
ZT is described, and ZT is determined by the Seebeck coefficient S of thermoelectric material, conductivityσ, thermal conductivity k and absolute temperature T, its expression formula
For ZT=S2σ T/k, wherein S2σ is referred to as power factor.At present, the figure of merit of the thermoelectric material that business uses is the most relatively low,
Cause the efficiency of thermo-electric device far below conventional mechanical cycle efficieny so that the energy that can carry out changing in the unit interval has
Limit.Although the thermoelectric heat generation system structure and material of current each mechanism exploitation is had nothing in common with each other, but its population structure can be summarized as Fig. 1
Shown configuration.The thermals source such as vehicle exhaust or the remaining used heat of industry after collecting system carries out heat collection, thermoelectric heat generation system
Hot junction and cold end are in close contact with the smooth surface of collecting system and cooling system respectively, it is provided that thermo-electric device one fixed difference difference.By
In the continuous operating temperature in hot junction of at present extensive commercial thermoelectric heat generation system generally below 300 DEG C, therefore, in thermal-arrest system
Other control system such as tee T and electromagnetic valve is arranged between system and thermoelectric heat generation system.By the on-off control of electromagnetic valve,
Regulation enters the heat flow of thermoelectric heat generation system heat exchanger, too high with the hot-side temperature preventing thermoelectric heat generation system, causes it
Permanent damage.Meanwhile, waste heat of automotive exhaust gas and other various residual heat resources the most all have following common feature, i.e. there is week
Phase property, discontinuity or undulatory property, cause heating load unstable.Automobile engine operation conditions, different road conditions and weather, industry
Remaining used heat produces working conditions change etc. all will affect thermo-electric device hot junction heat flow.If sent out by heat flow maximum design thermoelectricity
Electricity system, can cause raw-material waste, thus set generating capacity generally according to certain weighted average when design
Meter, to reach maximizing the benefits.As a example by vehicle exhaust is applied, when the engine is running, used heat is to thermoelectric heat generation system hot junction
Heat, produce the temperature difference thus drive thermoelectric heat generation system to generate electricity；And automobile engine out of service time, due to not useless
Heat, thermoelectric heat generation system stops generating.Simultaneously as conversion efficiency of thermoelectric is the most relatively low, produce during electromotor operating is big
Amount used heat can not be totally converted, and unnecessary heat is directly discharged by heat flow control system.Therefore, waste heat of automotive exhaust gas and work
Amateurish used heat exists with thermoelectric heat generation system and does not significantly mate, and is still unable to reach the effective utilization to used heat.
It addition, latent heat energy based on phase-change material stores, to have energy storage density high, it is possible to store in stationary temperature and
The features such as release heat energy, are usually used in alleviating energy supply and demand both sides not mating on time, intensity and place, in the profit of solar energy
With, " peak load shifting " of electric power, gas used heat and remaining pick up the heat, industry has with the field such as civil buildings and air conditioner energy saving
It is widely applied prospect, is the study hotspot in the range of our times.Thermal energy storage technology based on energy storage material is expected to solve
Not mating between heat demand and supply.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, offer one is provided and utilizes phase-change material heat storage function, alleviate heat
Not mating between amount demand and supply, improve the system of thermoelectric heat generation system efficiency.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem by following technical proposals: one utilizes phase-change material heat storage function
Improving the system of thermopower generation efficiency, the described system utilizing phase-change material heat storage function to improve thermopower generation efficiency includes: contain
The energy storage device of phase-change material, heat-exchange device and thermo-electric device, it is possible to the heat having little time thermo-electric device to convert stores
The energy storage device containing phase-change material come is between thermo-electric device and heat-exchange device.
In a particular embodiment of the present invention, described thermo-electric device is made up of p-type and N-shaped thermoelectric material.
In a particular embodiment of the present invention, described system also includes low-temperature receiver heat exchanger, the energy storage device containing phase-change material
Being arranged between heat-exchange device and thermo-electric device, thermo-electric device is arranged on the energy storage device containing phase-change material and low-temperature receiver heat exchanger
Between.
In a particular embodiment of the present invention, described system also includes low-temperature receiver heat exchanger, and the hot junction of thermo-electric device is handed over heat
Changing device connects, the energy storage device containing phase-change material in the hot junction of thermo-electric device near hotter side electrode, containing phase-change material
Isolate by layer of insulation material between energy storage device and the hot junction of thermo-electric device.
In a particular embodiment of the present invention, heat insulating material is used between described thermo-electric device surrounding and thermo-electric device thermoelectric arm
Material parcel.
In a particular embodiment of the present invention, described thermo-electric device interior insulating material is near the cold end of thermo-electric device 1/6
Air barrier is placed at 1/2.
In a particular embodiment of the present invention, described thermo-electric device interior insulating material is at the cold end of thermo-electric device 1/3
Place air barrier.
In a particular embodiment of the present invention, described phase-change material includes mineral-type phase-change material, metal or alloy class phase
Become material, organic phase-change material, composite phase-change material, modified phase-change material.
In a particular embodiment of the present invention, described mineral-type phase-change material has in crystalline hydrate salt, molten salts
The mixture of one or more；Described organic phase-change material is the mixture of one or more in paraffin or acetic acid.
The most progressive effect of the present invention is: what the present invention provided utilizes phase-change material heat storage function to improve thermoelectric power generation
The system of efficiency utilizes phase-change material energy storage, is conducive to improving the utilization rate of various unstable thermal source, additionally aids holding simultaneously
The power generation stability of thermoelectric heat generation system.
Due to the fact that the existence of heat-insulating heat-preserving material and air barrier, be conducive to hindering the heat cold end of thermoelectric device
Transmission, makes to continue between cold end and hot junction to keep the temperature difference, improves Waste Heat Reuse rate.
The present invention is different according to thermal source overall thermal flow, chooses different thermo-electric device structure.Advantageously reduce phase-change material
The interface resistance brought, makes full use of used heat, improves conversion efficiency of thermoelectric.
The present invention is containing phase-change material energy storage structure, thermo-electric device and the heat exchanger chien shih hot interface material with high-termal conductivity
Material, sets up effective thermal conduction path, makes the effect of heat exchanger be played fully.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The configuration schematic diagram of the thermoelectric heat generation system that Fig. 1 commonly uses.
Fig. 2-1 is containing one of phase-change material difference thermoelectric heat generation system structural representation in the present invention.
Fig. 2-2 is two in the present invention containing phase-change material difference thermoelectric heat generation system structural representation.
Thermo-electric device voltage and time chart when Fig. 3 is that in the present invention, heat flow is less.
Thermo-electric device voltage and time chart when Fig. 4 is that in the present invention, heat flow is bigger.
Detailed description of the invention
Provide present pre-ferred embodiments below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, to describe technical scheme in detail.
Fig. 2-1 is that Fig. 2-2 is this containing one of phase-change material difference thermoelectric heat generation system structural representation in the present invention
Containing the two of phase-change material difference thermoelectric heat generation system structural representation in bright.As shown in Figure 1-2: what the present invention provided utilizes phase
Become material heat storage function and improve the system of thermopower generation efficiency, including: the energy storage device 1 containing phase-change material, heat-exchange device 2 and
Thermo-electric device 3, the energy storage device 1 containing phase-change material that the heat that thermo-electric device 3 has little time convert stores is handed near heat
Changing device 2.Thermo-electric device 3 in the present invention is the thermo-electric device being made up of p-type and N-shaped thermoelectric material.
In the present invention containing phase-change material difference thermoelectric heat generation system structure according to heat flow relatively big and less point of heat flow
It is two kinds, when heat flow is bigger, selects the electricity generation system of Fig. 2-1, when heat flow is less, select the electricity generation system of Fig. 2-2.
The electricity generation system of Fig. 2-1 also includes low-temperature receiver heat exchanger 4, and the energy storage device 1 containing phase-change material is arranged on heat exchange dress
Putting between 2 and thermo-electric device 3, thermo-electric device 3 is arranged between the energy storage device 1 containing phase-change material and low-temperature receiver heat exchanger 4.
The electricity generation system of Fig. 2-2 also includes low-temperature receiver heat exchanger 4, the hot junction of thermo-electric device 3 and heat-exchange device 2 (heat exchange
Device 2 is hot end heat exchanger) connect, the energy storage device 1 containing phase-change material is attached near hotter side electrode in the hot junction of thermo-electric device 3
Closely, isolate by layer of insulation material 5 between energy storage device 1 and the hot junction of thermo-electric device 3 containing phase-change material；Thermo-electric device surrounding
And wrap up with adiabator between thermo-electric device thermoelectric arm；Thermo-electric device interior insulating material is near the cold end of thermo-electric device 1/
Place air barrier 6 at 6 1/2, typically select thermo-electric device interior insulating material near thermo-electric device in concrete enforcement
Air barrier 6 is placed at cold end 1/3.
Phase-change material selected in energy storage device 1 containing phase-change material includes but not limited to that mineral-type phase-change material is main
There are crystalline hydrate salt, molten salts, metal or alloy class etc.；Organic phase-change material mainly include paraffin, acetic acid and other
The mixture of one or more in Organic substance；All kinds of composite phase-change materials；Modified all kinds of phase-change materials etc..
The present invention increases heat energy energy storage at thermoelectric heat generation system and deposits structure, thermo-electric device hot junction and hot end heat exchanger it
Between or thermo-electric device in increase containing the energy storing structure of phase-change material near position, hot junction.Phase-change material has at uniform temperature model
Enclose the ability of interior its physical state of change.As a example by solid-liquid phase change, when being heated to fusion temperature, just produce from solid-state to liquid
The phase transformation of state, during fusing, phase-change material absorbs and stores substantial amounts of latent heat；When phase-change material cools down, the heat of storage
Amount in environment to be dispersed into, carries out the reverse transformation from liquid to solid-state within the scope of certain temperature.Physical state becomes
During change, the temperature of material self almost remains unchanged before phase transformation completes, and forms a wide temperature platform, but absorbs or release
Latent heat the biggest.Utilize phase-change material heat storage function, the heat flow heat that time bigger, thermo-electric device has little time to change is stored up
Store away, less in heat flow or disappear time discharge for thermo-electric device generate electricity, reach remaining used heat is made full use of.
In the present invention in Thermoelectric Generator design air sealing coat, in design air near the cold end of thermo-electric device
Sealing coat, increases heat from hot junction to the thermal resistance cold end bang path, hinders heat to transmit to cold end.According to hot junction thermal source not
Congeniality, changes air barrier, radiator, relative position between phase-change material and heat exchanger, coordinates phase-change material layers width,
Air barrier width and height, heat-barrier material, phase-change material component, Heat Conduction Material and thermo-electric device are joined relative to heat conductivity etc.
Number, improves heat recovery rate and conversion efficiency of thermoelectric.
The present invention is according to thermo-electric device thermal source different choice difference thermo-electric device structure, and used heat thermal source is different, heat flow and
Its thermal capacity has bigger difference.The such as used heat of the generation such as steel-making or waste incineration, its heat flow is more concentrated relatively greatly；
And vehicle exhaust, electronic devices and components etc. produce heat flow less and dispersion.Select respectively as shown in Figure 2 according to heat flow difference
Different thermo-electric device structures, be conducive to improving further thermo-electric device Waste Heat Reuse rate.When heat flow is bigger, choose Fig. 2-
Thermoelectric heat generation system structure shown in 1.Thermal source provides heat to arrive thermo-electric device hot junction after phase-change material, although this structure exists
Add between thermal source and thermo-electric device hot junction thermal resistance that phase-change material brings and and thermal source and thermo-electric device hot junction between shape
The interface resistance become, but phase-change accumulation energy structure can arbitrarily increase volume, beneficially Large Copacity thermal energy storage.When heat flow relatively
Hour, choose thermoelectric heat generation system structure shown in Fig. 2-2.This structure advantageously reduces thermal resistance, heat exchanging when heat flow is bigger
Device heating is allowed to temperature and raises, owing to the thermal resistance in heat exchanger and thermo-electric device hot junction is less than the heat between heat exchanger and phase-change material
Resistance, thus heat arrives first at hot junction, drives thermo-electric device generating；And unnecessary heat is further transferred to phase-change material storage
Deposit.Due to heat-insulating heat-preserving material and the existence of air barrier when heat flow is less or disappears, hinder heat thermotropism electrical equipment
The cold end of part transmits, and makes to continue between cold end and hot junction to keep the temperature difference, drives thermo-electric device generating.But owing to thermo-electric device is internal empty
Between limited, be only applicable to the less operating mode of overall thermal flow.
The present invention doses thermal interfacial material, containing phase-change material energy storage structure, thermoelectricity between phase-change material and thermo-electric device
Imperceptible rough space is there is between the cold and hot end of device and heat exchanger, if they are directly mounted together, it
Real contact area between only has the 10% of heat exchanger base area, and remaining is the air gap.Because air thermal conductivity is relatively
Low, it is the non-conductor of heat, by causing, the thermal contact resistance between thermo-electric device and heat exchanger is very big, seriously hinders the biography of heat
Lead, ultimately cause the inefficiency of heat exchanger.Use the thermal interfacial material with high-termal conductivity to fill these gaps, get rid of wherein
Air, between thermo-electric device and heat exchanger, set up effective thermal conduction path, thermal contact resistance can be greatly lowered, make heat exchange
The effect of device is played fully.The thermal interfacial material chosen includes heat conduction viscose glue, elastic heat conducting cloth, thermally conductive gel, phase transformation
Type heat-conducting glue, heat-conducting cream and thermal conductive belt etc..
The hot physical property phase close with its constituent such as phase-change material phase transition temperature, heat conductivity, latent heat of phase change in the present invention
Close；Furthermore, exist certain between phase transition temperature and thermoelectric material ZT maximum temperature and the conversion efficiency of thermoelectric of phase-change material
Relatedness.It is thus desirable to consider the hot physical property such as phase-change material latent heat of phase change, heat conductivity and heat exchanger heat accumulation and conduct heat it
Between relation, regulation and control phase-change material hot property and with coupling between thermo-electric device, improve thermoelectric heat generation system thermodynamics effect
Rate.According to different thermal source situations, choose different phase-change material systems.Phase-change material system includes mineral-type phase-change material master
Crystalline hydrate salt to be had, molten salts, metal or alloy class etc.；Organic phase-change material mainly include paraffin, acetic acid and its
His Organic substance and all kinds of composite phase-change material.
Thermo-electric device voltage and time chart when Fig. 3 is that in the present invention, heat flow is less.Fig. 4 is heat flow in the present invention
Thermo-electric device voltage and time chart time bigger.Two specific embodiment of Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 effect are presented herein below:
Embodiment one:
During the heat flows such as vehicle exhaust less used heat operating mode, manufacture and design thermoelectric heat generation system according to structure shown in Fig. 2-2
Structure, uses mannitol as phase-changing energy storage material, tests single p-type Bi2Te3The voltage of thermoelectricity lower limb is at identical cold hot-side temperature
In the case of voltage change over, timing time starting point for thermoelectric heat generation system hot junction stop provide heat flow time (such as Fig. 3 institute
Show).During without adding phase-change material, stop providing heat flow simultaneously thermo-electric device voltage to begin to decline, and with the addition of mannitol this
After one phase-change material, voltage begin to decline the time relatively stop provide heat flow be delayed in 250 seconds, and whole temperature-fall period interpolation
Mannitol device is consistently greater than the device without phase-change material.Interpolation mannitol, as phase-change material, adds somewhat to heat
Electrical part output voltage.
Embodiment two:
Temperature of waste heat is higher, manufactures and designs thermoelectric heat generation system structure according to structure shown in Fig. 2-1, adopt when heat flow is bigger
Li is prepared with by static melted method2CO3-Na2CO3-K2CO3Fused salt mixt as phase-changing energy storage material, phase transition temperature is
About 395 DEG C, test two is to Bi2Te3The thermo-electric device voltage made voltage under identical cold and hot end temperature conditions becomes in time
Change, when timing time starting point starts to provide heat flow for thermoelectric heat generation system hot junction (as shown in Figure 4).In order to ensure phase-change material
Can fully phase transformation, thermoelectric heat generation system hot junction is (about 1000s) when reaching 500 DEG C, insulation about 3000s start stop heat
End heat flow provides.When not adding phase-change material, stop providing heat flow thermo-electric device voltage simultaneously to begin to decline, and add
When inorganic salt is as phase-change material, until about 5100s voltage just begins to decline, generating dutation extends about 1100s.Simultaneously
In whole temperature-fall period, add inorganic salt and be consistently greater than the device not adding phase-change material as voltage during phase-change material
Part.
The ultimate principle of the present invention and principal character and advantages of the present invention have more than been shown and described.The technology of the industry
Personnel, it should be appreciated that the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments, simply illustrating this described in above-described embodiment and description
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these become
Change and improvement both fall within scope of the claimed invention, claimed scope by appending claims and
Equivalent defines.
Claims (9)
1. one kind utilizes the system that phase-change material heat storage function improves thermopower generation efficiency, it is characterised in that: described utilize phase transformation
Material heat storage function improves the system of thermopower generation efficiency and includes: energy storage device, heat-exchange device and the thermoelectricity containing phase-change material
Device, it is possible to the energy storage device containing phase-change material that the heat that thermo-electric device has little time convert stores is positioned at thermo-electric device
And between heat-exchange device.
The system utilizing phase-change material heat storage function to improve thermopower generation efficiency the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
In: described thermo-electric device is made up of p-type and N-shaped thermoelectric material.
The system utilizing phase-change material heat storage function to improve thermopower generation efficiency the most according to claim 2, its feature exists
In: described system also includes low-temperature receiver heat exchanger, the energy storage device containing phase-change material be arranged on heat-exchange device and thermo-electric device it
Between, thermo-electric device is arranged between the energy storage device containing phase-change material and low-temperature receiver heat exchanger.
The system utilizing phase-change material heat storage function to improve thermopower generation efficiency the most according to claim 2, its feature exists
In: described system also includes low-temperature receiver heat exchanger, and the hot junction of thermo-electric device connects with heat-exchange device, the energy storage dress containing phase-change material
Put in the hot junction of thermo-electric device near hotter side electrode, use between energy storage device and the hot junction of thermo-electric device containing phase-change material
Layer of insulation material is isolated.
The system utilizing phase-change material heat storage function to improve thermopower generation efficiency the most according to claim 4, its feature exists
In: wrap up with adiabator between described thermo-electric device surrounding and thermo-electric device thermoelectric arm.
6. improve the system of thermopower generation efficiency, its feature according to the phase-change material heat storage function that utilizes described in claim 4 or 5
It is: described thermo-electric device interior insulating material places air barrier at the cold end of thermo-electric device 1/6 1/2.
The system utilizing phase-change material heat storage function to improve thermopower generation efficiency the most according to claim 6, its feature exists
In: described thermo-electric device interior insulating material places air barrier at the cold end of thermo-electric device 1/3.
The system utilizing phase-change material heat storage function to improve thermopower generation efficiency the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
In: described phase-change material includes mineral-type phase-change material, metal or alloy class phase-change material, organic phase-change material, compound phase
Become material, modified phase-change material.
The system utilizing phase-change material heat storage function to improve thermopower generation efficiency the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
In: described mineral-type phase-change material has the mixture of one or more in crystalline hydrate salt, molten salts；Described organic
Phase-change material is the mixture of one or more in paraffin or acetic acid.
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| CN111917335A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-11-10 | 天津商业大学 | Non-uniform flow velocity composite thermoelectric generator based on thermoelectric material temperature dependency |
| WO2021027010A1 (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2021-02-18 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | Backlight module and display apparatus |
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