CN106134602A - The fertilizing method of meta-alkali soil wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis good quality and high output - Google Patents
The fertilizing method of meta-alkali soil wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis good quality and high output Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
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Abstract
The invention discloses the fertilizing method of a kind of meta-alkali soil wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis good quality and high output.The northern area of China soil meta-alkali, trace element lacks relatively, and early spring, extreme temperature occurred frequently, thus have impact on wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis yield and quality.For ensureing that wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis normal growth is grown, before building garden field planting and in the middle of annual fertilizing management process, soil improvement work should be carried out, during annual fertilising, strengthen the management of three aspects: (1) regulation rhizosphere soil pH value；(2) for earsh and bearing tree nutrient demand, big-and-middle trace element is supplemented；(3) appliable plant growth regulatory substance, growth regulation, increase resistance, promote prematurity, precocity fruiting, improve the yield and quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fertilizer field, relate to the fertilizing method of a kind of meta-alkali soil wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis good quality and high output.
Background technology
Wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis is suitably at acid and subacidity grown on soil, and its soil pH value is between 5.5～6.5.Growth
In suitable soil environment, its tree vigo(u)r is healthy and strong, and result is many, and yield is high, and quality is high；It is grown in the unfavorable soil environment of meta-alkalescence
In, especially in the pH value area more than more than 7.5, easily induce multiple physiological disease, can be formed " stunted tree " or year after year spike top existing
As, have a strong impact on yield and quality, be loss greatly for orchard worker.
The northern area of China soil meta-alkalescence phenomenon is serious, for ensureing that Fructus actinidiae chinensis normal growth is grown, to undesirable soil
Earth, before building garden field planting and in the middle of annual fertilizing management process, should carry out soil improvement work.It has been investigated that, phosphoric acid
Urea has bigger effect, Sargassum extract and middle trace element in preventing and treating plant physiology sexually transmitted disease (STD) in terms of regulation rhizosphere soil pH
The aspects such as evil, biennial bearing and quality are low have remarkable effect, therefore, can effectively solve wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis not by measures such as fertilisings
The problem that can grow in meta-alkalescence soil.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the fertilizing method of a kind of meta-alkali soil wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis good quality and high output.
The fertilizing method of the Fructus actinidiae chinensis that the present invention provides, applies fertilizer including in the soil of 4 years above actinidia trees of life of plantation
Step with foliage dressing；Wherein, step of applying fertilizer in described soil includes using carbamide, Sargassum organic granular in every mu of soil
Fertilizer, urea phosphate and potassium sulfate；
Wherein, every mu of total sowing amount using each fertilizer is respectively as follows: carbamide 20-29kg, Sargassum organic granular fertilizer 80-
120kg, urea phosphate 27-36kg and potassium sulfate 28-36kg；
In described foliage dressing step, to the foliage-spray boracic molybdenum liquid fertilizer of every actinidia tree, calcic liquid fertilizer, containing ferrimanganic
Copper zinc liquid fertilizer, containing magnesium liquid fertilizer and Sargassum extract；
Wherein, the total sowing amount of each fertilizer of the foliage-spray of every actinidia tree be respectively as follows: boracic molybdenum liquid fertilizer 10-20ml,
Calcic liquid fertilizer 60-120ml, containing Fe, Mn, Cu zinc liquid fertilizer 15-25ml, containing magnesium liquid fertilizer 30-50ml and Sargassum extract 30-50g.
Concrete, the dose in described soil is every mu and uses carbamide 20-24kg or 24-29kg, Sargassum organic granular
Fertile 80-100kg or 100-120kg, urea phosphate 37-32kg or 32-36kg and potassium sulfate 38-32kg or 32-36kg；
To foliage-spray boracic molybdenum liquid fertilizer 10-14ml or 14-20ml, the calcic liquid fertilizer 60-90ml of every actinidia tree or
90-120ml, containing Fe, Mn, Cu zinc liquid fertilizer 15-20ml or 20-25ml, containing magnesium liquid fertilizer 30-40ml or 40-50ml and Sargassum extract
30-40g or 40-50g.
In described Sargassum organic granular fertilizer, the weight/mass percentage composition of alginic acid is 3%-5%, specially 4%；It is purchased from north
Jing Leili marine organisms NPD projects limited company, trade name: sea 1, product adopted name: organic fertilizer, product is stepped on
Note card number: fertile (2015) the quasi-word 0056 of capital agriculture.
In described boracic molybdenum liquid fertilizer, the weight/mass percentage composition of boron is 8%-10%, specially 9.5%；
The weight/mass percentage composition of molybdenum is 0.3%-0.6%, specially 0.5%；
In described calcic liquid fertilizer, the weight/mass percentage composition of CaO is 8%-12%, specially 10%；
Described containing in Fe, Mn, Cu zinc liquid fertilizer, Fe2O3Weight/mass percentage composition be 30%-40%, specially 36%；
The weight/mass percentage composition of Mn is 3%-6%, specially 4%；
The weight/mass percentage composition of CuO is 3%-6%, specially 4%；
The weight/mass percentage composition of ZnO is 4%-8%, specially 6%；
It is described that containing in magnesium liquid fertilizer, the weight/mass percentage composition of MgO is 7%-14%, specially 10%.
The described step that applies includes applying base manure, budding fertilizer and fruit-promoting fertilizer.
The fertilizing time of described base manure is after fruit harvesting 10-20 days；
The fertilising step of described base manure includes applying base fertilizer and foliage-spray liquid fertilizer in soil；
Wherein, described base fertilizer is made up of described Sargassum organic granular fertilizer, carbamide, urea phosphate and potassium sulfate；
Described liquid fertilizer by described boracic molybdenum liquid fertilizer, described form containing Fe, Mn, Cu zinc liquid fertilizer and described Sargassum extract；
Concrete, in the fertilising step of described base manure, the sowing amount of described Sargassum organic granular fertilizer is 80-120kg；
The sowing amount of described carbamide, urea phosphate and potassium sulfate all accounts for the 30% of total sowing amount；
The sowing amount of described boracic molybdenum liquid fertilizer accounts for the 30% of total sowing amount；
The described sowing amount containing Fe, Mn, Cu zinc liquid fertilizer accounts for the 30% of total sowing amount；
The sowing amount of described Sargassum extract accounts for the 25% of total sowing amount.
The fertilizing time of described budding fertilizer is 1-2 week, specially first 10 days of rudiment before rudiment；
The fertilising step of described budding fertilizer includes applying budding fertilizer base fertilizer and foliage-spray budding fertilizer liquid fertilizer in soil；
Wherein, described budding fertilizer base fertilizer is made up of carbamide, urea phosphate and potassium sulfate；
Described budding fertilizer liquid fertilizer is by boracic molybdenum liquid fertilizer, containing magnesium liquid fertilizer, form containing Fe, Mn, Cu zinc liquid and described Sargassum extract；
Concrete, in the fertilising step of described budding fertilizer, the sowing amount of described carbamide, urea phosphate and potassium sulfate all accounts for and always executes
Enter the 30% of amount；
The sowing amount of described boracic molybdenum liquid fertilizer accounts for the 40% of total sowing amount；
The described sowing amount containing magnesium liquid fertilizer is total sowing amount；
The described sowing amount containing Fe, Mn, Cu zinc liquid fertilizer accounts for the 30% of total sowing amount；
The sowing amount of described Sargassum extract accounts for the 25% of total sowing amount.
The fertilizing time of described fruit-promoting fertilizer is for spending rear 1-2 week；
The fertilising step of described fruit-promoting fertilizer includes applying fruit-promoting fertilizer base fertilizer and foliage-spray fruit-promoting fertilizer liquid fertilizer in soil；
Wherein, described fruit-promoting fertilizer base fertilizer is made up of carbamide, urea phosphate and potassium sulfate；
Described fruit-promoting fertilizer liquid fertilizer is by boracic molybdenum liquid fertilizer, form containing Fe, Mn, Cu zinc liquid fertilizer and calcic liquid fertilizer；
Concrete, in the fertilising step that the described strong tip is fertile, the sowing amount of described carbamide, urea phosphate and potassium sulfate all accounts for and always executes
Enter the 40% of amount；
The sowing amount of described boracic molybdenum liquid fertilizer accounts for the 30% of total sowing amount；
The described sowing amount containing Fe, Mn, Cu zinc liquid fertilizer accounts for the 40% of total sowing amount；
The sowing amount of described calcic liquid fertilizer accounts for the 100% of total sowing amount；
The sowing amount of described Sargassum extract accounts for the 50% of total sowing amount.
The method that applies of described base fertilizer is to carry out ploughing deeply by soil improves the soil and applies fertilizer after ditching；
In described ditching step, the furrow width 30-40cm dug, degree of depth 40cm, year by year outward expansion, until after wholecircle is ploughed deeply
Use ring-type fertilization method instead, in conjunction with loosening the soil, dig 10-15cm and apply；
The method that applies of described budding fertilizer base fertilizer and strong tip fertilizer base fertilizer is in ring-type fertilising in place of tree trunk 80cm, digging
The degree of depth is 5-20cm.
Described Fructus actinidiae chinensis concretely wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis；
The age of tree of described actinidia tree concretely 5 years.
It addition, in above-mentioned fertilizing method, Sargassum extract used can be prepared according to the method comprised the steps:
After Brown algae steep raising rubbing gained slurry is carried out enzymolysis I with cellulase, add brown in gained enzymolysis solution I
Alginic acid lyases carries out enzymolysis II, is cooled down by gained enzymolysis solution II, and centrifugal collection after supernatant adds humic acid crude product is dried, and obtains
Described Sargassum extract.
Wherein, the most various wild Brown algae of Brown algae used, such as at least one in yellow tang, Alga Sgrgassi Enerves and Thallus Laminariae (Thallus Eckloniae)；
Described cellulase is 1U:1-2g with the amount ratio of described slurry；Be specially 1U:1.245g or 1U:1.66g or
1U:1.99g；
Described humic acid crude product is 10-20g:1mL, concretely 15g:1mL with the amount ratio of supernatant；
The enzyme of described cellulase is lived as 100-300U/g, concretely 200U/g；
This enzyme live definition be 37 DEG C with pH 5.5 under conditions of, per minute from concentration be the carboxymethyl cellulose of 4mg/ml
Enzyme amount required for decomposing the reducing sugar (with glucose meter) of release 1 μm ol in element sodium solution is enzyme unit alive.
In described enzymolysis I step, temperature is 30-50 DEG C, specially 30 DEG C or 45 DEG C；Time is 2-4 hour；
Described alginate lyase is 1U:0.4-2.5g with the amount ratio of enzymolysis solution I；Specially 1U:0.5g or 1U:
0.83g or 1U:2.5g；
The enzyme of described alginate lyase is lived as 200-400U/g, concretely 300U/g；
The definition that this enzyme is lived is that the 10g/L sodium alginate solution of 1g pH7.0 phosphate buffer solution preparation is in 30 DEG C of water-baths
Middle preheating 10 minutes, adds crude enzyme liquid 1g, and 30 DEG C of water-baths, after 30 minutes, terminate reaction immediately in boiling water bath.Take 0.3ml
Reactant liquor, adds distilled water diluting to 3ml, measures light absorption value at 235nm, and the enzyme liquid that blank tube is boiled inactivation by 1g substitutes, then
Enzyme is lived and is defined as: under these experimental conditions, makes the enzyme amount needed for light absorption value increases by 0.1 at 235nm live as a lyases
Unit of force (U).
In described enzymolysis II step, temperature is 30-50 DEG C, specially 30 DEG C or 45 DEG C；Time is 4-6 hour；
In described centrifugation step, centrifugal rotational speed is 4000-5000 rev/min, specially 4500 revs/min；Centrifugation time
For 10-30 minute, specially 20 minutes；Centrifugal radius is 3-6cm, specially 5cm.
The fertilizing method of a kind of meta-alkali soil wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis good quality and high output that the present invention provides, solves meta-alkalescence soil wild
The raw problems such as Kiwi growth is unfavorable, fruiting rate is low, shedding is serious, fruit quality is poor, solve to lead because of nutritional deficiency and abiotic stress
The problems such as the physiological disturbance caused.
Seedling according to different age group executes the fertilizer of varying number, contributes to the growth of actinidia tree, meanwhile, whole
Shi Yingyong Sargassum organic granular fertilizer improves Soil structure, base manure and topdressing according to earsh and bearing tree to big-and-middle trace element
Demand carry out on-demand fertilising, meanwhile, regulate rhizosphere soil pH by fertilising kind, regulate by using Sargassum extract
Wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis grows, and promotees prematurity, precocity fruiting, improves wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis yield and quality.When basal dressing, first adopt
Use ditching method, both can apply fertilizer, it is also possible to turn over, after turning over, use ring-type fertilising simultaneously, can effectively make seedling
Absorbing nutrition, fruit-promoting fertilizer uses ring-type fertilising, can improve the growth of tree and the growth of fruit.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated, but the present invention is not limited to following example.Institute
Method of stating is conventional method if no special instructions.Described raw material the most all can be either commercially available from open.
In Sargassum organic granular fertilizer used by following embodiment, the weight/mass percentage composition of alginic acid is 4%；Purchased from Beijing thunder power marine organisms
NPD projects limited company, trade name: sea 1, product adopted name: organic fertilizer, product registration card number: capital agriculture is fertile
(2015) quasi-word 0056.In following embodiment if no special instructions, the fertilizer amount being administered in soil is every mu of consumption；
Foliar spray consumption is the consumption of the foliage-spray of every actinidia tree.
Sargassum extract used by following embodiment prepares the most as follows:
1) machinery after dry wild yellow tang steep raising is rubbed to slurry；
2) to step 1) 996 kilograms of slurries obtaining add 4 kilograms of cellulase (enzyme is lived as 200U/g), at 45 DEG C
Lower stirring 2 hours, obtains enzymolysis solution I；
3) to step 2) 997 kilograms of enzymolysis solution I obtaining add 3 kilograms of alginate lyases (enzyme is lived as 300U/g),
Stir 5 hours at 45 DEG C, obtain enzymolysis solution II；
4) step 3 is made) the enzymolysis solution II that obtains is cooled to room temperature, and through 4500 revs/min, within centrifugal 20 minutes, (centrifugal radius is
After 5cm), supernatant is added humic acid crude product (humic acid crude product is 15g:1mL with the amount ratio of supernatant) and is spray-dried, it is thus achieved that
Sargassum extract.
Embodiment 1, the fertilizing method of 5 years raw bearing tree good quality and high outputs of meta-alkali soil wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis
(1): soil improvement dose: executing carbamide (N46%) 25kg, urea phosphate is (containing N18%, P2O545%) 32kg, sulphuric acid
Potassium (K2O50%) 32kg, Sargassum organic granular fertilizer (alginic acid content 4%) 100kg；
Foliar spray boracic molybdenum liquid fertilizer (boracic 9.5%, containing molybdenum 0.5%) 14ml, foliar spray calcic liquid fertilizer (CaO10%) 90ml, leaf
Spray zinc liquid fertilizer (Fe Han Fe, Mn, Cu2O36%, Mn4%, CuO4%, ZnO6%) 20ml, foliar spray contains magnesium liquid fertilizer (MgO10%) 40ml,
Foliar spray Sargassum extract 40g.
Common fertilizer dose as comparison: executing carbamide (N46%) 37.5kg, calcium superphosphate is (containing P2O516%) 90kg,
Potassium sulfate (K2O50%) 32kg.
(2) fertilizing time: soil improvement:
Base manure: after fruit harvesting 15 days, uses Sargassum organic granular fertilizer 100kg, carbamide, urea phosphate, potassium sulfate each 30%,
Foliar spray boron molybdenum liquid fertilizer 30%, foliar spray Fe, Mn, Cu zinc liquid fertilizer 30%, foliar spray Sargassum extract 25%；
Budding fertilizer: first 10 days of rudiment, uses carbamide, urea phosphate, potassium sulfate consumption each 30%, foliar spray boron molybdenum liquid fertilizer 40%,
Foliar spray contains magnesium liquid fertilizer 100%, foliar spray Fe, Mn, Cu zinc liquid fertilizer 30%, foliar spray Sargassum extract 25%；
Fruit-promoting fertilizer: spend latter 2 weeks, use carbamide, urea phosphate, potassium sulfate consumption each 40%, foliar spray boracic molybdenum liquid fertilizer 30%, leaf
Spray is containing Fe, Mn, Cu zinc liquid fertilizer 40%, foliar spray calcic liquid fertilizer 100%, foliar spray Sargassum extract 50%.
Common fertilizer fertilizing time as comparison: after base manure fruit harvesting 15 days, bottom application carbamide 30%, calcium superphosphate
30%, potassium sulfate 30%；Budding fertilizer: first 10 days of rudiment, uses carbamide 30%, calcium superphosphate 30%, potassium sulfate 30%；Strong fruit
Fertile: to spend latter 2 weeks, use carbamide 40%, calcium superphosphate 40%, potassium sulfate 40%.
(3) fertilizing method: conventional fertilizer application is identical with fertilizing method of the present invention, is:
Base manure: combine plough deeply improve the soil, ditching, furrow width 35cm, degree of depth 40cm, year by year outward expansion, until wholecircle is ploughed deeply；With
After use ring-type fertilization method instead, in conjunction with loosening the soil, shallow cut 13cm applies；Spraying fertilizer and fruit-promoting fertilizer, use ring-type fertilising, digs the degree of depth and is
13cm, from tree trunk 80cm.Foliar spray application power sprayer sprays.
Compared with the conventional fertilizer application method as comparison, utilizing the fertilizing method that the present invention provides, mean fruit weight improves
26%, protein increases by 43%, and Vc content improves 87%, and Va content improves 49%, and soluble solid increases by 47%, reducing sugar
Increase by 59%.Meanwhile, described fertilizer is applied not affected by cold spell in later spring.
Table 1, the contrast of the Different Fertilization method each index of Fructus actinidiae chinensis character
Note: each processes deciding grade and level 10 trees, 80 samples；Utilize Kjeldahl nitrogen determination protein；Indophenols titrimetry
Titration measuring Vc content；Standard GB/T 7292-87 spectrophotometry Va；DNS method measures content of reducing sugar；Hand-held
Refractometer measures soluble solid.
Embodiment 2
For 5 years raw bearing trees of wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis:
(1): dose: soil improvement: executing carbamide (N46%) 20kg for every mu, urea phosphate is (containing N18%, P2O545%)
27kg, potassium sulfate (K2O50%) 28kg, Sargassum organic granular fertilizer (alginic acid content 4%) 80kg；
Foliar spray boracic molybdenum liquid fertilizer (boracic 9.5%, containing molybdenum 0.5%) 10ml, foliar spray calcic liquid fertilizer (CaO10%) 60ml, leaf
Spray zinc liquid fertilizer (Fe Han Fe, Mn, Cu2O36%, Mn4%, CuO4%, ZnO6%) 15ml, foliar spray contains magnesium liquid fertilizer (MgO10%) 30ml,
Foliar spray Sargassum extract 30g.
Common fertilizer dose as comparison: executing carbamide (N46%) 30.6kg, calcium superphosphate is (containing P2O516%)
75.9kg, potassium sulfate (K2O50%) 28kg.
(2) soil improvement fertilizing time:
Base manure: after fruit harvesting 10 days, uses Sargassum organic granular fertilizer 80kg, carbamide, urea phosphate, potassium sulfate each 30%,
Foliar spray boracic molybdenum liquid fertilizer 30%, foliar spray contains Fe, Mn, Cu zinc liquid fertilizer 30%, foliar spray Sargassum extract 25%；
Budding fertilizer: first 10 days of rudiment, uses carbamide, urea phosphate, potassium sulfate consumption each 30%, foliar spray boracic molybdenum liquid fertilizer
40%, foliar spray contains magnesium liquid fertilizer 100%, and foliar spray contains Fe, Mn, Cu zinc liquid fertilizer 30%, foliar spray Sargassum extract 25%；
Fruit-promoting fertilizer: spend latter 1 week, use carbamide, urea phosphate, potassium sulfate consumption each 40%, foliar spray boracic molybdenum liquid fertilizer 30%, leaf
Spray is containing Fe, Mn, Cu zinc liquid fertilizer 40%, foliar spray calcic liquid fertilizer 100%, foliar spray Sargassum extract 50%.
Common fertilizer fertilizing time as comparison: after base manure fruit harvesting 10 days, bottom application carbamide 30%, calcium superphosphate
30%, potassium sulfate 30%；Budding fertilizer: first 10 days of rudiment, uses carbamide 30%, calcium superphosphate 30%, potassium sulfate 30%；Strong fruit
Fertile: to spend latter 1 week, use carbamide 40%, calcium superphosphate 40%, potassium sulfate 40%.
(3) fertilizing method: conventional fertilizer application is identical with fertilizing method of the present invention, is:
Base manure: combine plough deeply improve the soil, ditching, furrow width 30cm, degree of depth 40cm, year by year outward expansion, until wholecircle is ploughed deeply；With
After use ring-type fertilization method instead, in conjunction with loosening the soil, shallow cut 10cm applies；Spraying fertilizer and fruit-promoting fertilizer, use ring-type fertilising, digs the degree of depth and is
5cm, from tree trunk 80cm.Foliar spray application power sprayer sprays.
Compared with the conventional fertilizer application method as comparison, utilizing the fertilizing method that the present invention provides, mean fruit weight improves
25%, protein increases by 39%, and Vc content improves 94%, and Va content improves 45%, and soluble solid increases by 40%, reducing sugar
Increase by 45%.Meanwhile, described fertilizer is applied not affected by cold spell in later spring.
Table 2, the contrast of the Different Fertilization method each index of Fructus actinidiae chinensis character
Note: each processes deciding grade and level 10 trees, 80 samples；Utilize Kjeldahl nitrogen determination protein；Indophenols titrimetry
Titration measuring Vc content；Standard GB/T 7292-87 spectrophotometry Va；DNS method measures content of reducing sugar；Hand-held
Refractometer measures soluble solid.
Embodiment 3
For 5 years raw bearing trees of wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis:
(1): soil improvement dose: executing carbamide (N46%) 29kg for every mu, urea phosphate is (containing N18%, P2O545%) 36kg,
Potassium sulfate (K2O50%) 36kg, Sargassum organic granular fertilizer (alginic acid content 4%) 120kg；
Foliar spray boracic molybdenum liquid fertilizer (boracic 9.5%, containing molybdenum 0.5%) 20ml, foliar spray calcic liquid fertilizer (CaO10%) 120ml, leaf
Spray zinc liquid fertilizer (Fe Han Fe, Mn, Cu2O36%, Mn4%, CuO4%, ZnO6%) 25ml, foliar spray contains magnesium liquid fertilizer (MgO10%) 50ml,
Foliar spray Sargassum extract 50g.
Common fertilizer dose as comparison: executing carbamide (N46%) 43.1kg, calcium superphosphate is (containing P2O516%)
101.3kg, potassium sulfate (K2O50%) 36kg.
(2) fertilizing time: soil improvement:
Base manure: after fruit harvesting 20 days, uses Sargassum organic granular fertilizer 120kg, carbamide, urea phosphate, potassium sulfate each 30%,
Foliar spray boracic molybdenum liquid fertilizer 30%, foliar spray contains Fe, Mn, Cu zinc liquid fertilizer 30%, foliar spray Sargassum extract 25%；
Budding fertilizer: first 10 days of rudiment, uses carbamide, urea phosphate, potassium sulfate consumption each 30%, foliar spray boron molybdenum liquid fertilizer 40%,
Foliar spray contains magnesium liquid fertilizer 100%, and foliar spray contains Fe, Mn, Cu zinc liquid fertilizer 30%, foliar spray Sargassum extract 25%；
Fruit-promoting fertilizer: spend latter 2 weeks, use carbamide, urea phosphate, potassium sulfate consumption each 40%, foliar spray boracic molybdenum liquid fertilizer 30%, leaf
Spray is containing Fe, Mn, Cu zinc liquid fertilizer 40%, foliar spray calcic liquid fertilizer 100%, foliar spray Sargassum extract 50%.
Common fertilizer fertilizing time as comparison: after fruit harvesting 20 days, bottom application carbamide 30%, calcium superphosphate 30%,
Potassium sulfate 30%；Budding fertilizer: first 10 days of rudiment, uses carbamide 30%, calcium superphosphate 30%, potassium sulfate 30%；Fruit-promoting fertilizer: Hua Hou
2 weeks, use carbamide 40%, calcium superphosphate 40%, potassium sulfate 40%.
(3) fertilizing method: conventional fertilizer application is identical with fertilizing method of the present invention, is:
Basal dressing: combine plough deeply improve the soil, ditching, furrow width 40cm, degree of depth 40cm, year by year outward expansion, until wholecircle is ploughed deeply；
Using ring-type fertilization method instead, in conjunction with loosening the soil, shallow cut 15cm applies later；Spraying fertilizer and fruit-promoting fertilizer, use ring-type fertilising, dig the degree of depth
For 20cm, from tree trunk 80cm.Foliar spray application power sprayer sprays.
Compared with the conventional fertilizer application method as comparison, utilizing the fertilizing method that the present invention provides, mean fruit weight improves
25%, protein increases by 41%, and Vc content improves 82%, and Va content improves 47%, and soluble solid increases by 37%, reducing sugar
Increase by 48%.Meanwhile, described fertilizer is applied not affected by cold spell in later spring.
Table 3, the contrast of the Different Fertilization method each index of Fructus actinidiae chinensis character
Note: each processes deciding grade and level 10 trees, 80 samples；Utilize Kjeldahl nitrogen determination protein；Indophenols titrimetry
Titration measuring Vc content；Standard GB/T 7292-87 spectrophotometry Va；DNS method measures content of reducing sugar；Hand-held
Refractometer measures soluble solid.
Claims (8)
1. a fertilizing method for Fructus actinidiae chinensis, including fertilising and foliage dressing in the soil of 4 years above actinidia trees of life of plantation
Step；It is characterized in that: step of applying fertilizer in described soil include using in every mu of soil carbamide, Sargassum organic granular fertilizer,
Urea phosphate and potassium sulfate；
Wherein, every mu of total sowing amount using each fertilizer is respectively as follows: carbamide 20-29kg, Sargassum organic granular fertilizer 80-120kg, phosphorus
Acid urea 27-36kg and potassium sulfate 28-36kg；
In described foliage dressing step, to the foliage-spray boracic molybdenum liquid fertilizer of every actinidia tree, calcic liquid fertilizer, containing Fe, Mn, Cu zinc
Liquid fertilizer, containing magnesium liquid fertilizer and Sargassum extract；
Wherein, the total sowing amount of each fertilizer of the foliage-spray of every actinidia tree is respectively as follows: boracic molybdenum liquid fertilizer 10-20ml, calcic
Liquid fertilizer 60-120ml, containing Fe, Mn, Cu zinc liquid fertilizer 15-25ml, containing magnesium liquid fertilizer 30-50ml and Sargassum extract 30-50g.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the dose in described soil is every mu and uses carbamide 20-
24kg or 24-29kg, Sargassum organic granular fertilizer 80-100kg or 100-120kg, urea phosphate 37-32kg or 32-36kg and sulphuric acid
Potassium 38-32kg or 32-36kg；
Foliage-spray boracic molybdenum liquid fertilizer 10-14ml or 14-20ml, calcic liquid fertilizer 60-90ml or 90-to every actinidia tree
120ml, containing Fe, Mn, Cu zinc liquid fertilizer 15-20ml or 20-25ml, containing magnesium liquid fertilizer 30-40ml or 40-50ml and Sargassum extract 30-
40g or 40-50g.
Method the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: in described Sargassum organic granular fertilizer, the quality of alginic acid
Percentage composition is 3%-5% or 4%；
In described boracic molybdenum liquid fertilizer, the weight/mass percentage composition of boron is 8%-10% or 9.5%；
The weight/mass percentage composition of molybdenum is 0.3%-0.6% or 0.5%；
In described calcic liquid fertilizer, the weight/mass percentage composition of CaO is 8%-12% or 10%；
Described containing in Fe, Mn, Cu zinc liquid fertilizer, Fe2O3Weight/mass percentage composition be 30%-40% or 36%；
The weight/mass percentage composition of Mn is 3%-6% or 4%；
The weight/mass percentage composition of CuO is 3%-6% or 4%；
The weight/mass percentage composition of ZnO is 4%-8% or 6%；
Described containing in magnesium liquid fertilizer, the weight/mass percentage composition of MgO is 7%-14% or 10%.
4. according to described method arbitrary in claim 1-3, it is characterised in that apply step described in: and include applying base manure, rush
Bud fertilizer and fruit-promoting fertilizer.
Method the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the fertilizing time of described base manure is 10-20 after fruit harvesting
My god；
The fertilising step of described base manure includes applying base fertilizer and foliage-spray liquid fertilizer in soil；
Wherein, described base fertilizer is made up of described Sargassum organic granular fertilizer, carbamide, urea phosphate and potassium sulfate；
Described liquid fertilizer by described boracic molybdenum liquid fertilizer, described form containing Fe, Mn, Cu zinc liquid fertilizer and described Sargassum extract；
Concrete, in the fertilising step of described base manure, the sowing amount of described Sargassum organic granular fertilizer is 80-120kg；
The sowing amount of described carbamide, urea phosphate urea phosphate and potassium sulfate all accounts for the 30% of total sowing amount；
The sowing amount of described boracic molybdenum liquid fertilizer accounts for the 30% of total sowing amount；
The described sowing amount containing Fe, Mn, Cu zinc liquid fertilizer accounts for the 30% of total sowing amount；
The sowing amount of described Sargassum extract accounts for the 25% of total sowing amount.
Method the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the fertilizing time of described budding fertilizer is 1-2 week before rudiment；
The fertilising step of described budding fertilizer includes applying budding fertilizer base fertilizer and foliage-spray budding fertilizer liquid fertilizer in soil；
Wherein, described budding fertilizer base fertilizer is made up of carbamide, urea phosphate and potassium sulfate；
Described budding fertilizer liquid fertilizer is by boracic molybdenum liquid fertilizer, containing magnesium liquid fertilizer, form containing Fe, Mn, Cu zinc liquid fertilizer and described Sargassum extract；
Concrete, in the fertilising step of described budding fertilizer, the sowing amount of described carbamide, urea phosphate and potassium sulfate all accounts for total sowing amount
30%；
The sowing amount of described boracic molybdenum liquid fertilizer accounts for the 40% of total sowing amount；
The described sowing amount containing magnesium liquid fertilizer is total sowing amount；
The described sowing amount containing Fe, Mn, Cu zinc liquid fertilizer accounts for the 30% of total sowing amount；
The sowing amount of described Sargassum extract accounts for total sowing amount 25%.
Method the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the fertilizing time of described fruit-promoting fertilizer is for spending rear 1-2 week；
The fertilising step of described fruit-promoting fertilizer includes applying fruit-promoting fertilizer base fertilizer and foliage-spray fruit-promoting fertilizer liquid fertilizer in soil；
Wherein, described fruit-promoting fertilizer base fertilizer is made up of carbamide, urea phosphate and potassium sulfate；
Described fruit-promoting fertilizer liquid fertilizer is by boracic molybdenum liquid fertilizer, form containing Fe, Mn, Cu zinc liquid fertilizer and calcic liquid fertilizer；
Concrete, in the fertilising step of described fruit-promoting fertilizer, the sowing amount of described carbamide, urea phosphate and potassium sulfate all accounts for total sowing amount
40%；
The sowing amount of described boracic molybdenum liquid fertilizer accounts for the 30% of total sowing amount；
The described sowing amount containing Fe, Mn, Cu zinc liquid fertilizer accounts for the 40% of total sowing amount；
The sowing amount of described calcic liquid fertilizer accounts for the 100% of total sowing amount；
The sowing amount of described Sargassum extract accounts for the 50% of total sowing amount.
8. according to described method arbitrary in claim 4-7, it is characterised in that: the method that applies of described base fertilizer is soil
Carry out ploughing deeply and improve the soil and apply fertilizer after ditching；
In described ditching step, the furrow width 30-40cm dug, degree of depth 40cm, year by year outward expansion, until wholecircle is used instead after ploughing deeply
Ring-type fertilization method, in conjunction with loosening the soil, digs 10-15cm and applies；
The method that applies of described budding fertilizer base fertilizer and strong tip fertilizer base fertilizer is in ring-type fertilising in place of tree trunk 80cm, digging the degree of depth
For 5-20cm.
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