A kind of stretchable lithium-air battery and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of new energy technologies, and in particular to a kind of stretchable lithium-air battery and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
In recent years, the development of flexible extensible energy device such as supercapacitor, lithium ion battery is wearable electronic neck
Domain is laid a good foundation, but its energy density is still lower, it is difficult to meet the needs of wearable device long cruising ability [1-3].
Lithium-air battery due to its superelevation energy density and be concerned [4-5] in next-generation energy storage device.But current lithium
It is all rigid inflexibility that air cell is most of, it is difficult to meet the flexible demand of wearable device.
Start within 2015, there is researcher to report the lithium-air battery of flexible successively, by lithium-air battery application
Certain effect [6-8] is achieved in wearable domain variability.But its flexible bending ability is still weaker, only can satisfy simple
Bending is all difficult to reach for more complicated deformation as distorted, even stretching.Based on this, we invent devise one kind for the first time
Completely new stretchable lithium-air battery can be stablized under different degrees of bending, distortion even stretching condition
Chemical property is maintained, is had broad application prospects in wearable electronic field.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide it is a kind of different degrees of bending, distortion can be steady even under stretching condition
Surely the stretchable lithium-air battery and preparation method thereof of chemical property is maintained.
Stretchable lithium-air battery provided by the invention, specific preparation process is as follows:
(1) by lithium piece array arrangement in the elastic silicone rubber substrate embedded with copper wire spring array, one layer of covering is with holes
Elastic silicone rubber layer obtains stretchable lithium array electrode;
(2) orientation carbon nanotube film is laid in the apertured elastic silicone rubber substrate of pre-stretching, obtaining after contraction can
(being in accordion) the aligned carbon nanotube air electrode stretched;
(3) by above-mentioned stretchable lithium array electrode and fold aligned carbon nanotube air electrode and gel electrolyte with Sanming City
Structure assembling is controlled, stretchable lithium-air battery is obtained.
In the present invention, each lithium piece unit size is 1-80 mm in the lithium array as described in step (1)2。
In the present invention, the copper wire spring diameter in the copper wire spring array as described in step (1) is general less than 2 mm(
For 0.5-2 mm), length is 2-10 mm.
In the present invention, using copper sheet as connection between the copper wire spring in the copper wire spring array as described in step (1)
Point, join end to end arrangement;The size of the copper sheet is 1-50 mm2。
In the present invention, the flexible silicon rubber substrate embedded with copper wire spring array the preparation method comprises the following steps: copper wire spring array is used
Copper sheet is connected with each other, and arrangement on the glass substrate, pours a strata methylsiloxane precursor solution in advance, after hot setting
Removing obtains.
In the present invention, each lithium piece unit is arranged on copper sheet respectively in the lithium array as described in step (1).
In the present invention, pore size, shape and the distribution of the apertured elastic silastic-layer as described in step (1) and lithium
The size, shape of lithium piece unit and arrangement are identical in chip arrays.
In the present invention, orientation carbon nanotube film described in the step (2) with a thickness of 100 nm-100 μm.
In the present invention, the aligned carbon nanotube strip is to pull straight to obtain from can spin in aligned carbon nanotube array.
Aligned carbon nanotube array can be spun to be prepared by chemical vapour deposition technique, it is specific the preparation method comprises the following steps: being steamed by electron beam
It is Al that hair plated film instrument deposits one layer of structure on silicon wafer2O3The catalyst of/Fe, wherein Al2O3With a thickness of 2-20 nm, the thickness of Fe
Degree is 0.5-1.5 nm.By chemical vapour deposition technique, use argon gas as carrier gas, ethylene as carbon source, hydrogen as reducing agent,
Height-oriented carbon nano pipe array is synthesized on the silicon wafer for being coated with catalyst in advance.Wherein argon gas flow is 350-450
Sccm, ethylene gas flow are 60-120 sccm, and hydrogen gas flow is 30-90 sccm.Reaction temperature is 700-800
DEG C, the reaction time is 10-15 min.
In the present invention, the pore size of apertured elastic silastic-layer described in the step (2) is 1-10 mm2, uniformly
It is distributed in its surface.
In the present invention, the pre-draw ratio of elastic silicone rubber described in the step (2) is 50-200%.
In the present invention, the solute of gel electrolyte described in the step (3) is polyethylene glycol oxide, succinonitrile and double three
Fluoromethane sulfimide lithium, solvent are dichloroethanes and acetone mixed solution.Wherein, polyethylene glycol oxide: succinonitrile: double fluoroforms
Alkane sulfimide lithium=1:(0.5-1.5): (0.5-1.5);Dichloroethanes: acetone=40:(0.1-5).
Stretchable lithium-air battery prepared by the present invention, can be in different degrees of bending, distortion even stretching condition
Under can stablize maintenance chemical property, have broad application prospects in wearable electronic field.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of stretchable lithium-air battery in embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is that stretchable lithium-air battery discharge voltage plateau under the conditions of repeated stretching 75% changes in embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is that stretchable lithium-air battery discharge voltage plateau under the conditions of 90 ° of repeated flex changes in embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is that stretchable lithium-air battery discharge voltage plateau under the conditions of repeating 180 ° of distortion changes in embodiment 1.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific implementation case, illustrative explanation and help further understand the present invention, but case study on implementation has
Body details does not represent technical solution whole under present inventive concept merely to illustrate the present invention, therefore should not be construed as pair
The restriction of the total technical solution of the present invention, it is some for the technician, without departing from present inventive concept unsubstantiality increase and
Change, such as simply change or replace with the technical characteristic with same or similar technical effect, belong to present invention protection model
It encloses.
Embodiment 1
Prepare lithium array electrode.By 0.05 mm of diameter, four copper wire springs of long 5 mm are 16 mm with five areas2's
Copper sheet head and the tail connect, and tiling on the glass substrate, pours a strata methylsiloxane precursor solution, removes after hot setting
Obtain the elastic silicone rubber substrate embedded with copper wire spring array.It is 25 mm by five areas2Lithium piece arrange on copper sheet respectively,
Form lithium piece array.The elastic silicone rubber layer for covering one layer of corresponding position (size and shape in hole is as lithium piece) with holes again obtains
The stretchable lithium array electrode arrived.
Prepare fold aligned carbon nanotube air electrode.Aligned carbon nanotube can be spun by first being prepared by chemical vapour deposition technique
Array, it is specific the preparation method comprises the following steps: depositing one layer of structure on silicon wafer by electron beam evaporation deposition instrument is Al2O3The catalysis of/Fe
Agent, wherein Al2O3With a thickness of 3 nm, Fe with a thickness of 1.2 nm.By chemical vapour deposition technique, use argon gas as carrier gas, second
For alkene as carbon source, hydrogen synthesizes height-oriented carbon nano pipe array as reducing agent on the silicon wafer for being coated with catalyst in advance.
Wherein argon gas flow is 400 sccm, and ethylene gas flow is 90 sccm, and hydrogen gas flow is 60 sccm.Reaction
Temperature is 740 DEG C, and the reaction time is 10 min.Aligned carbon nanotube film is directly pulled out from can spin in aligned carbon nanotube, and one layer
The thickness of film is about 18 nm.The aligned carbon nanotube film of pull-out is layered on pre-stretching 100% with holes, and (area of single hole is about
2 mm2, it is evenly distributed on the surface of film) and in elastic silicone rubber substrate, spreading 20 layers of aligned carbon nanotube film to thickness is about 360
nm.Removing tensile stress makes the related aligned carbon nanotube film of silicone rubber substrate return back to relaxation state together, obtains fold and takes
To carbon nanotube air electrode.
Prepare gel electrolyte.0.35 g polyethylene glycol oxide, 0.35 g succinonitrile, the bis- fluoroform sulphonyl of 0.3 g are sub-
Amine lithium is added in 4 ml dichloroethanes and 0.1 ml acetone mixed solution, and magnetic agitation is to being completely dissolved to obtain gel electrolyte
Liquid.
Prepare stretchable lithium-air battery.Gel electrolyte is coated uniformly on lithium array electrode surface, fold in covering
Aligned carbon nanotube air electrode obtains stretchable lithium-air battery after compression.Its decomposition texture schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 1.
Chemical property of prepared stretchable lithium-air battery under the conditions of different deformation is as in Figure 2-4.In weight
Under multiple stretching, bending and distortion condition, maintenance that discharge voltage plateau can be stable.This shows it in different deformation item
Work that can be stable under part, this has broad application prospects in wearable electronic field.
Embodiment 2
Prepare lithium array electrode.By 0.05 mm of diameter, four copper wire springs of long 6 mm are 16 mm with five areas2's
Copper sheet head and the tail connect, and tiling on the glass substrate, pours a strata methylsiloxane precursor solution, removes after hot setting
Obtain the elastic silicone rubber substrate embedded with copper wire spring array.It is 36 mm by five areas2Lithium piece arrange on copper sheet respectively,
Form lithium piece array.The elastic silicone rubber layer for covering one layer of corresponding position (size and shape in hole is as lithium piece) with holes again obtains
The stretchable lithium array electrode arrived.
Prepare fold aligned carbon nanotube air electrode.Aligned carbon nanotube can be spun by first being prepared by chemical vapour deposition technique
Array, it is specific the preparation method comprises the following steps: depositing one layer of structure on silicon wafer by electron beam evaporation deposition instrument is Al2O3The catalysis of/Fe
Agent, wherein Al2O3With a thickness of 3 nm, Fe with a thickness of 1.2 nm.By chemical vapour deposition technique, use argon gas as carrier gas, second
For alkene as carbon source, hydrogen synthesizes height-oriented carbon nano pipe array as reducing agent on the silicon wafer for being coated with catalyst in advance.
Wherein argon gas flow is 400 sccm, and ethylene gas flow is 90 sccm, and hydrogen gas flow is 60 sccm.Reaction
Temperature is 740 DEG C, and the reaction time is 10 min.Aligned carbon nanotube film is directly pulled out from can spin in aligned carbon nanotube, and one layer
The thickness of film is about 18 nm.The aligned carbon nanotube film of pull-out is layered on pre-stretching 100% with holes, and (area of single hole is about
2 mm2, it is evenly distributed on the surface of film) and in elastic silicone rubber substrate, spreading 50 layers of aligned carbon nanotube film to thickness is about 900
nm.Removing tensile stress makes the related aligned carbon nanotube film of silicone rubber substrate return back to relaxation state together, obtains fold and takes
To carbon nanotube air electrode.
Prepare gel electrolyte.0.35 g polyethylene glycol oxide, 0.35 g succinonitrile, the bis- fluoroform sulphonyl of 0.3 g are sub-
Amine lithium is added in 4 ml dichloroethanes and 0.5 ml acetone mixed solution, and magnetic agitation is to being completely dissolved to obtain gel electrolyte
Liquid.
Prepare stretchable lithium-air battery.Gel electrolyte is coated uniformly on lithium array electrode surface, fold in covering
Aligned carbon nanotube air electrode obtains stretchable lithium-air battery after compression.Prepared stretchable lithium-air battery is same
With good deformation adaptability.
Embodiment 3
Prepare lithium array electrode.By 0.04 mm of diameter, three copper wire springs of long 8 mm are 16 mm with four areas2's
Copper sheet head and the tail connect, and tiling on the glass substrate, pours a strata methylsiloxane precursor solution, removes after hot setting
Obtain the elastic silicone rubber substrate embedded with copper wire spring array.It is 25 mm by four areas2Lithium piece arrange on copper sheet respectively,
Form lithium piece array.The elastic silicone rubber layer for covering one layer of corresponding position (size and shape in hole is as lithium piece) with holes again obtains
The stretchable lithium array electrode arrived.
Prepare fold aligned carbon nanotube air electrode.Aligned carbon nanotube can be spun by first being prepared by chemical vapour deposition technique
Array, it is specific the preparation method comprises the following steps: depositing one layer of structure on silicon wafer by electron beam evaporation deposition instrument is Al2O3The catalysis of/Fe
Agent, wherein Al2O3With a thickness of 3 nm, Fe with a thickness of 1.2 nm.By chemical vapour deposition technique, use argon gas as carrier gas, second
For alkene as carbon source, hydrogen synthesizes height-oriented carbon nano pipe array as reducing agent on the silicon wafer for being coated with catalyst in advance.
Wherein argon gas flow is 400 sccm, and ethylene gas flow is 90 sccm, and hydrogen gas flow is 60 sccm.Reaction
Temperature is 740 DEG C, and the reaction time is 10 min.Aligned carbon nanotube film is directly pulled out from can spin in aligned carbon nanotube, and one layer
The thickness of film is about 18 nm.The aligned carbon nanotube film of pull-out is layered on pre-stretching 100% with holes, and (area of single hole is about
2 mm2, it is evenly distributed on the surface of film) and in elastic silicone rubber substrate, spreading 10 layers of aligned carbon nanotube film to thickness is about 180
nm.Removing tensile stress makes the related aligned carbon nanotube film of silicone rubber substrate return back to relaxation state together, obtains fold and takes
To carbon nanotube air electrode.
Prepare gel electrolyte.0.35 g polyethylene glycol oxide, 0.35 g succinonitrile, the bis- fluoroform sulphonyl of 0.35 g are sub-
Amine lithium is added in 4 ml dichloroethanes and 0.1 ml acetone mixed solution, and magnetic agitation is to being completely dissolved to obtain gel electrolyte
Liquid.
Prepare stretchable lithium-air battery.Gel electrolyte is coated uniformly on lithium array electrode surface, fold in covering
Aligned carbon nanotube air electrode obtains stretchable lithium-air battery after compression.Prepared stretchable lithium-air battery is same
With good deformation adaptability.
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