CN106106450A - 一种含有天名精内酯酮和壬菌铜的杀菌组合物 - Google Patents
一种含有天名精内酯酮和壬菌铜的杀菌组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N41/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a sulfur atom bound to a hetero atom
- A01N41/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a sulfur atom bound to a hetero atom containing a sulfur-to-oxygen double bond
- A01N41/04—Sulfonic acids; Derivatives thereof
- A01N41/08—Sulfonic acid halides; alpha-Hydroxy-sulfonic acids; Amino-sulfonic acids; Thiosulfonic acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种杀菌组合物,属于农药技术领域。所述杀菌组合物含有天名精内酯酮和壬菌铜,其中天名精内酯酮和壬菌铜的重量比为1:80‑80:1,所述杀菌组合物能够用于防治常见植物真菌性病害,对玉米大斑病、女贞褐斑病、苹果黑星病、苹果轮纹病、樱桃褐腐病黄瓜霜霉病、薄荷斑枯病、番茄疮痂病、番茄灰霉病、小麦赤霉病、小麦条锈病、小麦杆锈病、辣椒疫霉病等都具有良好防效,作用效果显著高于活性成分单独使用,且延缓了病菌抗药性的产生,延长持效期,对哺乳动物安全。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于农药杀菌剂领域,具体涉及一种含有天名精内酯酮和壬菌铜的杀菌组合物及其在防治植物真菌性病害上的应用。
背景技术
天名精内酯酮(carabrone),是一种倍半萜内酯类化合物,可以从菊科植物大花金挖耳的根及茎叶中提取得到,前期研究表明其具有祛痰、清热、止血、解毒等药用活性,农业上也具有杀虫杀菌活性,对小麦白粉病、小麦全蚀病等常见植物病害具有较好的防治作用。天名精内酯酮属于植物源农药,虽然具有低毒、对环境安全、持效期长的优点,但同时也具有见效缓慢、价格偏高的缺点。
壬菌铜是一种有机铜杀菌剂,含有苯环结构,其化学结构中有两个杀菌活性基团,一个是具有治疗作用的壬基苯酚结构,另一个是铜离子,铜离子能够与病原菌细胞膜表面上的阳离子进行交换,从而导致细胞膜蛋白质凝固,还能够渗透入病原菌细胞内部,与某些酶相结合,影响其活性,既具有杀真菌活性又具有杀细菌的作用。目前壬菌铜单剂在农业生产中具有较大的使用量,同时药害产生情况较多。
针对上述情况,本发明提出了一种杀菌组合物,并提供了包含所述杀菌组合物的杀菌剂农药,所述杀菌组合物通过将杀菌机理不同的两种有效成分天名精内酯酮和壬菌铜相混配,不仅能够解决植物源农药见效慢的缺点,还能够减少药害发生,并且能够取得协同增效作用,特别是对玉米大斑病、早熟禾叶斑病、苹果黑星病具有显著的效果,能够有效降低单一活性成分的使用量,有利于减缓病原菌抗药性的产生,延长持效期,在农业生产中具有广阔的应用前景。
发明内容
本发明提出了一种杀菌组合物,其主要活性成分为天名精内酯酮和壬菌铜,具有用药量少、杀菌谱广、成本低、与单剂相比具有协同增效作用等优点。
本发明还提出了包含所述杀菌组合物的杀菌剂农药及其在常见植物真菌性病害防治中的应用。
本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现的:
一种含有天名精内酯酮和壬菌铜的杀菌组合物,活性成分天名精内酯酮和壬菌铜的重量比为1:80-80:1,优选活性成分天名精内酯酮和壬菌铜的重量比为1:30-20:1,更优选天名精内酯酮和壬菌铜的重量比为1:10-1:1。
本发明所述的含有天名精内酯酮和壬菌铜的杀菌组合物对于常见植物真菌性病害都具有较好的防治效果,例如发生于果树、蔬菜、粮食作物,棉花、茶树等经济作物,杜鹃、牡丹、紫薇等观赏植物上的真菌性病害。
所述植物真菌性病害包括玉米大斑病、早熟禾叶斑病、苹果黑星病、小麦锈病、杜鹃叶斑病、辣椒疫霉病等等,优选用于防治玉米大斑病、早熟禾叶斑病、苹果黑星病。
本发明所述的含有天名精内酯酮和壬菌铜的杀菌组合物可以与相适应的助剂一起配制成相应的剂型,所述助剂为农药制剂生产中常见的助剂种类。在剂型中活性成分的重量百分含量通常为制剂总重量的0.1%-99.9%,优选的为5%-80%,而根据制剂种类的不同,活性成分的重量百分含量通常也有所差异,例如在液体制剂中活性成分重量百分含量通常为1%-70%,优选为5-50%;固体制剂中活性成分重量百分含量通常为1%-80%,较佳的为10%-80%。
在制备成农药制剂时,所选用的助剂类型是本领域技术人员所公知的,根据所需制备制剂的种类不同,可以选择分散剂、润湿剂、乳化剂、防冻剂、粘结剂、消泡剂、防腐剂、着色剂、溶剂、载体等常见助剂中的一种或多种,具体助剂种类的选择可以根据活性成分含量、使用环境等实际情况通过常规实验进行筛选确定,其配制方法为本领域技术人员所公知的加工方法。
本发明所述的杀菌组合物可以根据需要制备成任何农药剂型:可湿性粉剂、悬浮剂、悬乳剂、可溶性粉剂、可溶性粒剂、水剂、水乳剂、水分散粒剂、微囊悬浮剂、微囊-微囊悬浮剂、微乳剂、乳油等等,优选可以制备成水分散粒剂、可湿性粉剂或水悬浮剂。
所述组合物制备成水分散粒剂时,各组分含量为:活性成分5%-85%,分散剂3%-18%,润湿剂2%-12%,崩解剂1.5%-14%,粘结剂0.5%-10%,余量为填料。
所述杀菌剂组合物制备成可湿性粉剂时,各组分含量为:活性成分5%-80%,分散剂5%-20%,润湿剂3%-15%,填料余量。
所述杀菌组合物在制备成水悬浮剂时,各组分含量为:活性成分5%-75%,分散剂3%-10%,润湿剂4%-12%,消泡剂0%-10%,增稠剂0.5%-5%,防冻剂0%-10%,去离子水补足100%。
本发明所述的含有天名精内酯酮和壬菌铜的杀菌组合物能够取得以下有益效果:(1)活性成分天名精内酯酮和壬菌铜的杀菌机理差异较大,将其进行复配后,能够扩大杀菌谱,且其对于常见植物真菌性病害能够取得明显的协同增效作用,药效持效期延长,对已经产生抗药性的病原菌也同样具有较好防治效果;(2)减少了化学农药的用药量,低毒环保,安全高效。
具体实施方式
为了更好的说明本发明的目的、技术方案及优点,通过以下具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明,但不应将此理解为本发明的范围仅限于这些例子,在不脱离本发明所述技术思想的情况下,根据本领域普通技术知识和惯用手段做出的各种替换或变更,均应包括在本发明的范围内。
实施例1 水分散粒剂
天名精内酯酮1%,壬菌铜10%,烷基萘磺酸盐8%,木质素磺酸钠10%,尿素3%,膨润土4%,高岭土补足余量,将活性成分、分散剂、润湿剂等一起送入气流粉碎机粉碎至所需粒径,加入粘结剂等其他助剂成分,混合均匀后进行造粒,干燥后即可得到所述水分散粒剂产品。
实施例2 水分散粒剂
天名精内酯酮2%,壬菌铜16%,十二烷基苯磺酸钠12%,壬基酚聚乙烯醚7.5%,海藻酸钠5%,黄原胶3%,高岭土补足余量,将活性成分、分散剂、润湿剂等一起送入气流粉碎机粉碎至所需粒径,加入粘结剂等其他助剂成分,混合均匀后进行造粒,干燥后即可得到所述水分散粒剂产品。
实施例3 可湿性粉剂
天名精内酯酮4%,壬菌铜24%,辛基酚聚氧乙烯基醚硫酸盐12%,木质素磺酸钠6.5%,硅藻土补足余量,将所有组分混合均匀后进气流粉碎机粉碎,使颗粒粒径符合所需要求,即制得所述可湿性粉剂。
实施例4 可湿性粉剂
天名精内酯酮5%,壬菌铜20%,苯乙基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚14%,拉开粉BX 6.5%,高岭土补足余量,将所有组分混合均匀后进气流粉碎机粉碎,使颗粒粒径符合所需要求,即制得所述可湿性粉剂。
实施例5水悬浮剂
天名精内酯酮10%,壬菌铜20%,十二烷基苯磺酸钠8.5%,壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚12%,有机硅消泡剂0.5%,海藻酸钠3%,去离子水补足余量,将分散剂、润湿剂、消泡剂等放入高速剪切机充分混合,加入活性成分后进球磨机充分研磨,使颗粒粒径符合所需要求,加去离子水补足100%,即制得所述水悬浮剂。
实施例6 水悬浮剂
天名精内酯酮15%,壬菌铜15%,苯乙基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚12%,拉开粉BX 6.5%,有机硅消泡剂1%,黄原胶3%,丙二醇2%,去离子水补足余量,将分散剂、润湿剂、消泡剂等放入高速剪切机充分混合,加入活性成分后进球磨机充分研磨,使颗粒粒径符合所需要求,加去离子水补足100%,即制得所述水悬浮剂。
实施例7 水分散粒剂
天名精内酯酮40%,壬菌铜10%,烷基萘磺酸盐8%,木质素磺酸钠12%,尿素3.5%,黄原胶2%,硅藻土补足余量,将活性成分、分散剂、润湿剂等一起送入气流粉碎机粉碎至所需粒径,加入粘结剂等其他助剂成分,混合均匀后进行造粒,干燥后即可得到所述水分散粒剂产品。
实施例8 水分散粒剂
天名精内酯酮20%,壬菌铜2%,十二烷基苯磺酸10%,拉开粉BX 8.5%,尿素4%,***胶3.5%,高岭土补足余量,将活性成分、分散剂、润湿剂等一起送入气流粉碎机粉碎至所需粒径,加入粘结剂等其他助剂成分,混合均匀后进行造粒,干燥后即可得到所述水分散粒剂产品。
采用以上述实施例进行室内及大田生物活性测试,以验证其防效。
试验例1
室内毒力测定
试验方法:以菌丝生长速率法测定本发明组合物对樱桃褐腐病病菌的生长抑制效果,每个实施例为一个处理,每个处理重复5次,接种3d后测量菌落直径,用数据处理软件拟合毒力回归方程,并计算共毒系数,试验结果如表1所示,CTC≥120表示具有协同增效作用,80<CTC<表示相加作用,CTC≤80表示具有拮抗作用。
表1 对樱桃褐腐病的室内毒力测定
由表1所示结果可以看出,本发明所述组合物对樱桃褐腐病病原菌的生长抑制具有非常明显的增效作用,比活性成分单独使用的防效具有显著提高。
试验例2
田间防治玉米大斑病试验:
试验方法根据中国人民共和国农药田间药效试验标准进行,选择生长情况一致的玉米田,随机划分为若干个等面积实验小区,每个实施例为一个处理,每个处理分为三个浓度,对照药剂为市售天名精内酯酮和壬菌铜单剂。于施药后5天和10天检查发病情况并计算防效,结果如表2所示。
表2 对小麦白粉病的防治效果
由表2的结果可以看出,本发明所述杀菌组合物防治效果优良、持效期长,用量大大减少,与单一制剂单独使用相比,防效有显著增加,经试验验证,本发明所述杀菌组合物对其他常见作物真菌病害例如玉米大斑病、女贞褐斑病、苹果黑星病、苹果轮纹病、樱桃褐腐病黄瓜霜霉病、薄荷斑枯病、番茄疮痂病、番茄灰霉病、小麦赤霉病、小麦条锈病、小麦杆锈病、辣椒疫霉病等均具有良好防效,在农业生产中具有应用前景。
Claims (8)
1.一种杀菌组合物,其特征在于以天名精内酯酮和壬菌铜为主要有效成分。
2.根据权利要求1所述的杀菌组合物,其特征在于:天名精内酯酮和壬菌铜的重量比范围为1:80-80:1。
3.根据权利要求2所述的杀菌组合物,其特征在于:天名精内酯酮和壬菌铜的重量比范围为1:30-20:1。
4.根据权利要求3所述的杀菌组合物,其特征在于:天名精内酯酮和壬菌铜的重量比范围为1:10-1:1。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的杀菌组合物,其特征在于:所述杀菌组合物与相适应的助剂配制成农药上允许的任意一种剂型。
6.根据权利要求5所述的杀菌组合物,其特征在于,所述剂型为水分散粒剂、可湿性粉剂或水悬浮剂。
7.根据权利要求6所述的杀菌组合物,其用于防治植物真菌性病害的用途。
8.根据权利要求7所述用途,其特征在于,所述植物真菌性病害为玉米大斑病、女贞褐斑病、苹果黑星病、小麦锈病、樱桃褐腐病等。
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