CN105918323A - 一种含有天名精内酯酮和吡唑萘菌胺的杀菌组合物 - Google Patents
一种含有天名精内酯酮和吡唑萘菌胺的杀菌组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/56—1,2-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2-diazoles
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种杀菌组合物，属于农药技术领域。所述杀菌组合物含有天名精内酯酮和吡唑萘菌胺，其中天名精内酯酮和吡唑萘菌胺的重量比为1:80‑80:1，所述杀菌组合物能够用于防治常见植物真菌性病害，对柑橘煤烟病、苦瓜黑星病、小麦白粉病、葡萄霜霉病、杜鹃叶斑病等都具有良好防效，尤其可以用于制备防治杜鹃叶斑病、小麦白粉病的药物，作用效果显著高于活性成分单独使用，且延缓了病菌抗药性的产生，延长持效期，对哺乳动物安全。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于农药杀菌剂领域，具体涉及一种含有天名精内酯酮和吡唑萘菌胺的杀菌组合物及其在防治植物真菌性病害上的应用。
背景技术
天名精内酯酮（carabrone），是一种倍半萜内酯类化合物，可以从菊科植物大花金挖耳的根及茎叶中提取得到，前期研究表明其具有祛痰、清热、止血、解毒等药用活性，农业上也具有杀虫杀菌活性，对小麦白粉病、小麦全蚀病等常见植物病害具有较好的防治作用。
吡唑萘菌胺（isopyrazam），是一种吡唑酰胺类杀菌剂，其作用机理是通过抑制线粒体内膜上电子传递链中的琥珀酸脱氢酶，使得病原真菌无法通过呼吸产生能量，从而抑制病菌生长。
天名精内酯酮属于植物源农药，虽然具有低毒、对环境安全、持效期长的优点，但同时也具有见效缓慢、价格偏高的缺点；吡唑萘菌胺则目前面临单一药剂长期使用导致的病原菌抗性产生、药效降低等问题。
发明内容
为解决上述问题，本发明提出一种杀菌组合物，其主要活性成分为天名精内酯酮和吡唑萘菌胺，具有杀菌谱广、成本低、防效优于单一活性成分的优点。
本发明还提出了所述杀菌组合物在常见植物真菌性病害防治中的应用。
本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现的：
一种含有天名精内酯酮和吡唑萘菌胺的杀菌组合物，活性成分天名精内酯酮和吡唑萘菌胺的重量比为1:80-80:1，优选天名精内酯酮和吡唑萘菌胺的重量比为1:40-20:1，更优选天名精内酯酮和吡唑萘菌胺的重量比为1:15-1:2。
本发明所述的含有天名精内酯酮和吡唑萘菌胺的杀菌组合物能够用于常见植物真菌性病害的防治，例如果树、蔬菜、粮食作物，棉花、茶树等经济作物，杜鹃、牡丹、紫薇等观赏植物上的真菌性病害。
所述植物真菌性病害包括黄瓜霜霉病、小麦赤霉病、玉米大斑病、薄荷斑枯病、苹果轮纹病、番茄疮痂病、番茄灰霉病、小麦条锈病、小麦杆锈病、辣椒疫霉病等等，优选用于防治柑橘煤烟病、苦瓜黑星病、小麦白粉病、葡萄霜霉病、杜鹃叶斑病等。
本发明所述的含有天名精内酯酮和吡唑萘菌胺的杀菌组合物能够与相适应的助剂一起配制成相应的剂型，在剂型中活性成分的重量百分含量通常为总重量的0.1%-99%，优选的为1%-80%，根据不同制剂种类，活性成分的重量百分含量通常有所差异，液体制剂中活性成分重量百分含量通常为1%-70%，优选为5-50%；固体制剂中活性成分重量百分含量通常为2%-80%，较佳的为10%-80%。
本发明所述杀菌组合物所选用的助剂类型是本领域技术人员所公知的，根据所需制备制剂的种类不同，可以选择分散剂、润湿剂、乳化剂、防冻剂、粘结剂、消泡剂、防腐剂、着色剂、溶剂、载体等常见助剂类型中的一种或多种，具体助剂种类的选择需要根据活性成分含量、药剂使用环境等通过常规实验进行筛选确定，其配制方法为本领域技术人员所公知的加工方法。
本发明所述的杀菌组合物可以根据需要制备成任何农药剂型：可湿性粉剂、悬浮剂、悬乳剂、可溶性粉剂、可溶性粒剂、水剂、水乳剂、水分散粒剂、微囊悬浮剂、微囊-微囊悬浮剂、微乳剂、乳油等等，较佳的，可以制备成水悬浮剂、可湿性粉剂或水分散粒剂。
所述杀菌组合物在制备成水悬浮剂时，各组分含量为：活性成分2%-75%，分散剂2%-10%，润湿剂2%-10%，消泡剂0%-5%，增稠剂0%-2%，防冻剂0%-10%，去离子水补足100%。
所述杀菌剂组合物制备成可湿性粉剂时，各组分含量为：活性成分2%-80%，分散剂2%-16%，润湿剂2%-12%，填料余量。
所述组合物制备成水分散粒剂时，各组分含量为：活性成分2%-85%，分散剂1%-15%，润湿剂1%-10%，崩解剂1%-15%，粘结剂0.5%-9%，余量为填料。
本发明所述的含有天名精内酯酮和吡唑萘菌胺的杀菌组合物能够取得以下有益效果：（1）两种杀菌机理不同的活性成分进行复配，扩大了杀菌谱，并对常见植物真菌性病害能够取得明显的协同增效作用，持效期延长，对已经产生抗药性的病原菌同样具有较好防治效果；（2）减少了化学农药的用药量，低毒环保，安全高效。
具体实施方式
为了更好的说明本发明的目的、技术方案及优点，通过以下具体实施例进行详细说明，但本发明并不仅限于这些例子。
实施例1 水悬浮剂
天名精内酯酮2%，吡唑萘菌胺30%，木质素磺酸钠8%，壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚10%，有机硅消泡剂1%，黄原胶2.5%，去离子水补足余量，将分散剂、润湿剂、消泡剂等放入高速剪切机充分混合，加入活性成分后进球磨机球磨2-3小时，使颗粒粒径符合所需要求，加去离子水补足100%，即制得所述水悬浮剂。
实施例2 水悬浮剂
天名精内酯酮3%，吡唑萘菌胺30%，十二烷基苯磺酸钠10%，拉开粉BX 8%，有机硅消泡剂1.5%，***胶2.5%，丙二醇2%，去离子水补足余量，将分散剂、润湿剂、消泡剂等放入高速剪切机充分混合，加入活性成分后进球磨机球磨2-3小时，使颗粒粒径符合所需要求，加去离子水补足100%，即制得所述水悬浮剂。
实施例3 可湿性粉剂
天名精内酯酮4%，吡唑萘菌胺32%，辛基酚聚氧乙烯基醚硫酸盐15%，月桂醇硫酸钠8%，硅藻土补足余量，将所有组分混合均匀后进气流粉碎机粉碎，使颗粒粒径符合所需要求，即制得所述可湿性粉剂。
实施例4 可湿性粉剂
天名精内酯酮4%，吡唑萘菌胺24%，烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚14%，萘磺酸盐6%，凹凸棒土补足余量，将所有组分混合均匀后进气流粉碎机粉碎，使颗粒粒径符合所需要求，即制得所述可湿性粉剂。
实施例5 可湿性粉剂
天名精内酯酮5%，吡唑萘菌胺20%，苯乙基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚12.5%，拉开粉BX 6%，凹凸棒土补足余量，将所有组分混合均匀后进气流粉碎机粉碎，使颗粒粒径符合所需要求，即制得所述可湿性粉剂。
实施例6 水分散粒剂
天名精内酯酮10%，吡唑萘菌胺20%，烷基萘磺酸盐8%，皂角粉8.5%，尿素2.5%，海藻酸钠2.5%，高岭土补足余量，将活性成分、分散剂、润湿剂等一起送入气流粉碎机粉碎至所需粒径，加入粘结剂等其他助剂成分，混合均匀后进行造粒，干燥后即可得到所述水分散粒剂产品。
实施例7 水分散粒剂
天名精内酯酮25%，吡唑萘菌胺25%，十二烷基苯磺酸钠10%，木质素磺酸钠8.5%，膨润土3%，黄原胶2.5%，高岭土补足余量，将活性成分、分散剂、润湿剂等一起送入气流粉碎机粉碎至所需粒径，加入粘结剂等其他助剂成分，混合均匀后进行造粒，干燥后即可得到所述水分散粒剂产品。
实施例8 水分散粒剂
天名精内酯酮20%，吡唑萘菌胺1%，烷基萘磺酸盐6.5%，木质素磺酸钠8.5%，尿素2%，黄原胶2%，硅藻土补足余量，将活性成分、分散剂、润湿剂等一起送入气流粉碎机粉碎至所需粒径，加入粘结剂等其他助剂成分，混合均匀后进行造粒，干燥后即可得到所述水分散粒剂产品。
以上述实施例进行室内及大田生物活性测试，以验证其防效。
试验例1
室内毒力测定
试验方法：以菌丝生长速率法测定本发明组合物对杜鹃叶斑病病菌的生长抑制效果，每个实施例为一个处理，每个处理重复5次，接种3d后测量菌落直径，用数据处理软件拟合毒力回归方程，并计算共毒系数，试验结果如表1所示，CTC≥120表示具有协同增效作用，80＜CTC＜表示相加作用，CTC≤80表示具有拮抗作用。
表1 对杜鹃叶斑病的室内毒力测定
由表1所示结果可以看出，本发明所述组合物对杜鹃叶斑病病原菌的生长抑制具有非常明显的增效作用，比活性成分单独使用的防效具有显著提高。
试验例2
田间防治小麦白粉病试验：
试验方法根据中国人民共和国农药田间药效试验标准进行，选择生长情况一致的小麦田，随机划分为若干个等面积实验小区，每个实施例为一个处理，每个处理分为三个浓度，对照药剂为市售天名精内酯酮和吡唑萘菌胺制剂。于施药后7天和14天检查发病情况并计算防效，结果如表2所示。
表2 对小麦白粉病的防治效果
由表2的结果可以看出，本发明所述杀菌组合物防治效果优良、持效期长，用量大大减少，与单一制剂单独使用相比，防效有显著增加，经试验验证，本发明所述杀菌组合物对其他常见作物真菌病害例如黄瓜霜霉病、小麦赤霉病、玉米大斑病、薄荷斑枯病、苹果轮纹病、番茄疮痂病、番茄灰霉病、小麦条锈病、小麦杆锈病、辣椒疫霉病等均具有良好防效，在农业生产中具有应用前景。
Claims (8)
1.一种杀菌组合物，其特征在于以天名精内酯酮和吡唑萘菌胺为主要有效成分。
2.根据权利要求1所述的杀菌组合物，其特征在于：天名精内酯酮和吡唑萘菌胺的重量比范围为1:80-80:1。
3.根据权利要求2所述的杀菌组合物，其特征在于：天名精内酯酮和吡唑萘菌胺的重量比范围为1:40-20:1。
4.根据权利要求3所述的杀菌组合物，其特征在于：天名精内酯酮和吡唑萘菌胺的重量比范围为1:15-1:2。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的杀菌组合物，其特征在于：所述杀菌组合物与相适应的助剂配制成农药上允许的任意一种剂型。
6.根据权利要求5所述的杀菌组合物，其特征在于，所述剂型为水悬浮剂、可湿性粉剂或水分散粒剂。
7.根据权利要求6所述的杀菌组合物，其用于防治植物真菌性病害的用途。
8.根据权利要求7所述用途，其特征在于，所述植物真菌性病害为柑橘煤烟病、苦瓜黑星病、小麦白粉病、葡萄霜霉病、杜鹃叶斑病等。
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