CN106105995B - The plantation technique of ecological wild tea - Google Patents
The plantation technique of ecological wild tea Download PDFInfo
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- CN106105995B CN106105995B CN201610584666.5A CN201610584666A CN106105995B CN 106105995 B CN106105995 B CN 106105995B CN 201610584666 A CN201610584666 A CN 201610584666A CN 106105995 B CN106105995 B CN 106105995B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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Abstract
The present invention relates to Tea planting method and technology fields, more particularly to the plantation technique of ecological wild tea, the following steps are included: ring selection border, site preparation, plantation, management, wherein, Chinese medicine is interplanted, by the drug effect of Chinese medicine, during the growth process, improve ASI systematic approach, sufficient nutrition is provided for growth of tea plant;In entire planting process, any chemical fertilizer and pesticide are not applied, ensure that the growth conditions ecological, environmental protective of tea tree, and sufficiently effective to utilize soil, realized value maximizes, and can improve the yield of wild tea, realizes industrialization, meets the needs of existing market is to wild tea.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Tea planting method and technology fields, and in particular to the plantation technique of ecological wild tea.
Background technique
Wild tea, tealeaves are easy to make a variation due to kind raw, mostly dungarunga or arbor, and age of tree decades to several hundred more than one thousand years are not
Deng, tender leaf is hairless or few hair, leaf margin has dilute cognate or completely without sawtooth, because of blade leathery plumpness, is not easy to rub into bar rope, gross tea face
Color be in more it is blackish green, major-minor vein is sturdy and obvious, tea cyanines be in more it is blackish green, tea is sliding soft and matter weight, fragrance are deep and special,
Mouthfeel irritation is very low, but water sweet tea Hui Ganchang and stabilization, and it is superfine product in tea that 2 to 3 times higher than normal tea of resistance to bubble degree, which is had a surplus, can not be more
, wild tea is divided into two kinds, and one is growth naturally and unwatched pure wild tea;It is lost after being managed and protected one is artificial cultivation
Older tea tree is abandoned, pesticide, chemical fertilizer is not used, processing appropriate of digging only is carried out, currently, with the food-safe consciousness of people
Raising, wild tea meets demand of the people to the clean food of water purification, also just at the focus pursued due to its pure natural characteristic.
Wild tea has the following characteristics that 1, resistance to bubble, 2 to 3 times higher than tea place tea of resistance to bubble degree are had a surplus, and still soup is steeped in punching to 7,8
Color is light green bright without turbid, and flavour is persistently tough and tensile;2, wild tea can refrigerant solution be affixed one's name to, body-building helps digestion, controls chest and abdomen swelling and pain, except irritated cough
It coughs, it is real pure natural health-care beverage that long-term drinking, which has certain curative effect to a variety of diseases,;3, ecological: higher in height above sea level
Grown in remote mountains, pesticide, chemical fertilizer do not used in growth course, throughout the year with the plants syntrophism such as broad-leaf forest, wild flower;Wild tea
Mouthfeel is more overbearing than the tea in tea place, and unique, resistance to bubble degree is high, and nutritional ingredient is compared with horn of plenty.
Currently, wild tea in the market is divided to two kinds, natural type open country tea and cultivation type open country tea, natural type open country tea are grown on naturally
Hill woodland, because wild tea is distributed scattered, picking trouble, and 1 year only adopts spring tea mostly, the most seldom, cultivation type open country tea
The tea tree for referring to artificial cultivation, because of unattended, tea place is uncultivated, after the natural growth of decades, the tea tree that overlapping development utilizes, because
Such tea place is less, therefore cultivation type open country tea yield is also little;No matter most wild tea is in the state only adopted, along with various diseases
The generation of insect pest, due to being grown in the higher mountain area of rate of vegetation, many tea trees are also wound by tendril, so that yield is by tight
Ghost image is rung, the wild tea negligible amounts that can be drunk currently on the market, and price is also higher than normal tea.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve the above technical problems, provide the plantation technique of ecological wild tea.
It is realized particular by following technical scheme:
The plantation technique of ecological wild tea, comprising the following steps:
(1) ring selection border: for selection height above sea level in the red earth of 800~1200m, average annual rainfall is 1500~1800mm, soil
Earth relative water content is 75%.
(2) site preparation: by soil deep tillage, fluff is mixed with soil by the weight ratio of 0.2~0.3:1.3, mixes thoroughly, sprays
Nutritional agents, the nutritional agents are made of following raw material by weight: 3~6 parts of Chinese herbaceous peony, 4~8 parts of radix pseudostellariae, honeysuckle 3~
7 parts, 8~12 parts of Semen Lablab Album, 2~5 parts of fritillary bulb, 1~4 part of wormcast, citric acid or 3~8 parts of plant ash.
(3) it plants: wild tea seedling is planted by the density of 3~4m of spacing in the rows × line-spacing 3~4, be colonized using big cave,
Cave deep 30~50cm, the wide 40~50cm in cave, 26~28h before planting, wild tea seedling root is soaked in 2 in inorganic agent~
4h, wherein the inorganic agent, is to be mixed to prepare azotobacter chroococcum and water by the weight ratio of 0.18~0.25:1.
(4) it manages: after seedling cultivation, in 8~15 months, Routine Management being carried out to nursery stock, including trimming, weeds cut
It cuts, after seedling cultivation after 20 months, is interplanted between nursery stock line-spacing, the 1st year interplant of bean, the 2nd~3 year plantation glutinous rehmannia
And/or Rhizoma Gastrodiae, it digs to tea place within every 2~4 years, weeds cutting, tendril trimming.
Further, the fluff is to mix stalk, sawdust and husk by the weight ratio of 0.6~0.9:0.4~0.7
It closes.
Further, the fluff, preparation method are as follows: stalk is crushed, is mixed in proportion with sawdust and husk,
At 100~120 DEG C, 6~10min is steamed.
Further, the nutritional agents, weighs raw material, obtains mixture, and 3~5 times of mixture of water is added, and decocts 1~2h,
Filter to obtain first time filtrate;2.5~4.5 times of filter residue of water is added, decocts 1~2h, filters to obtain second of filtrate;It is added second
The water that 2~3 times of filter residue decocts 60~90min, filters to obtain third time filtrate, third time filter residue is drained and standby, will filter institute three times
Filtrate mixing is obtained, citric acid or plant ash is added to get nutrient solution is arrived.
Further, by third time filter residue, it is dried to water content at 120~140 DEG C 35~40%, crushes, excessively 600~
700 meshes, before planting, by smashed filter residue by the amount filling cave of every 5~7kg of cave.
Further, during spraying nutritional agents, adjusting P in soil H is 5~6.5.
In conclusion the beneficial effects of the present invention are: selection height above sea level is higher, the abundant mountain area of rainfall, with height above sea level
Raising, surface temperature gradually decreases, and soil moisture is gradually increased, soil nutrient content enrichment, far from chemical substances such as pesticides,
So that plantation tealeaves more natural nuisance-free, ploughed deeply in soil, improve soil oxygen content, meanwhile, by fluff with
Soil mixing, increases the growing space of seedling root, by spraying for nutritional agents, changes the content of soil content, in addition may be used
To adjust soil acidity or alkalinity, before plantation, wild tea seedling root is impregnated by inorganic agent, so that azotobacter invests root
Portion, is conducive to the development growth of seedling, and the nitrogen in fixing soil provides nutrition for growth of seedling, after plantation between tea tree line-spacing
It is interplanted, by the interplanting of soybean, using the effect of the rhizobium of soybean, provides nitrogen required for growth for tea tree,
Later, Chinese medicine is interplanted, by the drug effect of Chinese medicine, during the growth process, improves ASI systematic approach, mentioned for growth of tea plant
For sufficient nutrition.
The present invention does not apply any chemical fertilizer and pesticide in entire planting process, ensure that the growth conditions ecology of tea tree
Environmental protection, sufficiently effective to utilize soil, realized value maximizes, and can improve the yield of wild tea, realizes industrialization, meets current
Demand of the market to wild tea.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below, but the invention is not limited to these realities
Mode is applied, it is claimed to still fall within the claims in the present invention for any improvement or replacement on the present embodiment essence spirit
Range.
Embodiment 1
The plantation technique of ecological wild tea, comprising the following steps:
(1) ring selection border: red earth of the selection height above sea level in 800m, average annual rainfall 1500mm, soil relative water content
75%;
(2) site preparation: by soil deep tillage, fluff is mixed with soil by the weight ratio of 0.2:1.3, mixes thoroughly, sprays nutrition
Agent, the nutritional agents are made of following raw material by weight: Chinese herbaceous peony 3kg, radix pseudostellariae 4kg, honeysuckle 3kg, Semen Lablab Album
8kg, fritillary bulb 2kg, wormcast 1kg, citric acid or plant ash 3kg;
(3) it plants: wild tea seedling is planted by spacing in the rows 3m × line-spacing 3m density, be colonized using big cave, cave is deep
30cm, the wide 40cm in cave, 26h, is soaked in 2h in inorganic agent for wild tea seedling root before planting, and wherein inorganic agent will be round brown solid
Nitrogen bacterium and water are mixed by the weight ratio of 0.18:1;
(4) it managing: after seedling cultivation, in 8 months, Routine Management, including trimming being carried out to nursery stock, weeds are cut,
It after seedling cultivation after 20 months, is interplanted between nursery stock line-spacing, the 1st year interplant of bean, the 2nd~3 year plantation glutinous rehmannia and/or day
Fiber crops dig to tea place in every 2~4 years later, weeds cutting, tendril trimming.
The fluff is to mix stalk, sawdust and husk by the weight ratio of 0.6~0.9:0.4~0.7.
The fluff, preparation method are as follows: stalk is crushed, is mixed in proportion with sawdust and husk, 100~
At 120 DEG C, 6~10min is steamed.
The nutritional agents, weighs raw material, obtains mixture, and 3~5 times of mixture of water is added, and decocts 1~2h, filters
First time filtrate;2.5~4.5 times of filter residue of water is added, decocts 1~2h, filters to obtain second of filtrate;Second of filter residue 2 is added
~3 times of water decocts 60~90min, filters to obtain third time filtrate, and third time filter residue is drained and standby, will filter gained filter three times
Citric acid or plant ash is added to get nutrient solution is arrived in liquid mixing.
By third time filter residue, it is dried to water content at 120~140 DEG C 35~40%, crushes, crosses 600~700 mesh
Sieve, before planting, by smashed filter residue by the amount filling cave of every 5~7kg of cave.
During spraying nutritional agents, adjusting P in soil H is 5~6.5.
Embodiment 2
The plantation technique of ecological wild tea, comprising the following steps:
(1) ring selection border: for selection height above sea level in the red earth of 800~1200m, average annual rainfall is 1500~1800mm, soil
Earth relative water content is 75%;
(2) site preparation: by soil deep tillage, fluff is mixed with soil by the weight ratio of 0.2~0.3:1.3, mixes thoroughly, sprays
Nutritional agents, the nutritional agents are made of following raw material by weight: 3~6 parts of Chinese herbaceous peony, 4~8 parts of radix pseudostellariae, honeysuckle 3~
7 parts, 8~12 parts of Semen Lablab Album, 2~5 parts of fritillary bulb, 1~4 part of wormcast, citric acid or 3~8 parts of plant ash;
(3) it plants: wild tea seedling is planted by the density of 3~4m of spacing in the rows × line-spacing 3~4, be colonized using big cave,
Cave deep 30~50cm, the wide 40~50cm in cave, 26~28h before planting, wild tea seedling root is soaked in 2 in inorganic agent~
4h, wherein the inorganic agent, is to be mixed to prepare azotobacter chroococcum and water by the weight ratio of 0.18~0.25:1;
(4) it manages: after seedling cultivation, in 8~15 months, Routine Management being carried out to nursery stock, including trimming, weeds cut
It cuts, after seedling cultivation after 20 months, is interplanted between nursery stock line-spacing, the 1st year interplant of bean, the 2nd~3 year plantation glutinous rehmannia
And/or Rhizoma Gastrodiae, it digs to tea place within every 2~4 years, weeds cutting, tendril trimming.
The fluff is to mix stalk, sawdust and husk by the weight ratio of 0.6~0.9:0.4~0.7.
The fluff, preparation method are as follows: stalk is crushed, is mixed in proportion with sawdust and husk, 100~
At 120 DEG C, 6~10min is steamed.
The nutritional agents, weighs raw material, obtains mixture, and 3~5 times of mixture of water is added, and decocts 1~2h, filters
First time filtrate;2.5~4.5 times of filter residue of water is added, decocts 1~2h, filters to obtain second of filtrate;Second of filter residue 2 is added
~3 times of water decocts 60~90min, filters to obtain third time filtrate, and third time filter residue is drained and standby, will filter gained filter three times
Citric acid or plant ash is added to get nutrient solution is arrived in liquid mixing.
By third time filter residue, it is dried to water content at 120~140 DEG C 35~40%, crushes, crosses 600~700 mesh
Sieve, before planting, by smashed filter residue by the amount filling cave of every 5~7kg of cave.
During spraying nutritional agents, adjusting P in soil H is 5~6.5.
Embodiment 3
The plantation technique of ecological wild tea, comprising the following steps:
(1) ring selection border: for selection height above sea level in the red earth of 800~1200m, average annual rainfall is 1500~1800mm, soil
Earth relative water content is 75%;
(2) site preparation: by soil deep tillage, fluff is mixed with soil by the weight ratio of 0.2~0.3:1.3, mixes thoroughly, sprays
Nutritional agents, the nutritional agents are made of following raw material by weight: 3~6 parts of Chinese herbaceous peony, 4~8 parts of radix pseudostellariae, honeysuckle 3~
7 parts, 8~12 parts of Semen Lablab Album, 2~5 parts of fritillary bulb, 1~4 part of wormcast, citric acid or 3~8 parts of plant ash;
(3) it plants: wild tea seedling is planted by the density of 3~4m of spacing in the rows × line-spacing 3~4, be colonized using big cave,
Cave deep 30~50cm, the wide 40~50cm in cave, 26~28h before planting, wild tea seedling root is soaked in 2 in inorganic agent~
4h, wherein the inorganic agent, is to be mixed to prepare azotobacter chroococcum and water by the weight ratio of 0.18~0.25:1;
(4) it manages: after seedling cultivation, in 8~15 months, Routine Management being carried out to nursery stock, including trimming, weeds cut
It cuts, after seedling cultivation after 20 months, is interplanted between nursery stock line-spacing, the 1st year interplant of bean, the 2nd~3 year plantation glutinous rehmannia
And/or Rhizoma Gastrodiae, it digs to tea place within every 2~4 years, weeds cutting, tendril trimming.
The fluff is to mix stalk, sawdust and husk by the weight ratio of 0.6~0.9:0.4~0.7.
The fluff, preparation method are as follows: stalk is crushed, is mixed in proportion with sawdust and husk, 100~
At 120 DEG C, 6~10min is steamed.
The nutritional agents, weighs raw material, obtains mixture, and 3~5 times of mixture of water is added, and decocts 1~2h, filters
First time filtrate;2.5~4.5 times of filter residue of water is added, decocts 1~2h, filters to obtain second of filtrate;Second of filter residue 2 is added
~3 times of water decocts 60~90min, filters to obtain third time filtrate, and third time filter residue is drained and standby, will filter gained filter three times
Citric acid or plant ash is added to get nutrient solution is arrived in liquid mixing.
By third time filter residue, it is dried to water content at 120~140 DEG C 35~40%, crushes, crosses 600~700 mesh
Sieve, before planting, by smashed filter residue by the amount filling cave of every 5~7kg of cave.
During spraying nutritional agents, adjusting P in soil H is 5~6.5.
Embodiment 4
The plantation technique of ecological wild tea, comprising the following steps:
(1) ring selection border: for selection height above sea level in the red earth of 800~1200m, average annual rainfall is 1500~1800mm, soil
Earth relative water content is 75%;
(2) site preparation: by soil deep tillage, fluff is mixed with soil by the weight ratio of 0.2~0.3:1.3, mixes thoroughly, sprays
Nutritional agents, the nutritional agents are made of following raw material by weight: 3~6 parts of Chinese herbaceous peony, 4~8 parts of radix pseudostellariae, honeysuckle 3~
7 parts, 8~12 parts of Semen Lablab Album, 2~5 parts of fritillary bulb, 1~4 part of wormcast, citric acid or 3~8 parts of plant ash;
(3) it plants: wild tea seedling is planted by the density of 3~4m of spacing in the rows × line-spacing 3~4, be colonized using big cave,
Cave deep 30~50cm, the wide 40~50cm in cave, 26~28h before planting, wild tea seedling root is soaked in 2 in inorganic agent~
4h, wherein the inorganic agent, is to be mixed to prepare azotobacter chroococcum and water by the weight ratio of 0.18~0.25:1;
(4) it manages: after seedling cultivation, in 8~15 months, Routine Management being carried out to nursery stock, including trimming, weeds cut
It cuts, after seedling cultivation after 20 months, is interplanted between nursery stock line-spacing, the 1st year interplant of bean, the 2nd~3 year plantation glutinous rehmannia
And/or Rhizoma Gastrodiae, it digs to tea place within every 2~4 years, weeds cutting, tendril trimming.
The fluff is to mix stalk, sawdust and husk by the weight ratio of 0.6~0.9:0.4~0.7.
The fluff, preparation method are as follows: stalk is crushed, is mixed in proportion with sawdust and husk, 100~
At 120 DEG C, 6~10min is steamed.
The nutritional agents, weighs raw material, obtains mixture, and 3~5 times of mixture of water is added, and decocts 1~2h, filters
First time filtrate;2.5~4.5 times of filter residue of water is added, decocts 1~2h, filters to obtain second of filtrate;Second of filter residue 2 is added
~3 times of water decocts 60~90min, filters to obtain third time filtrate, and third time filter residue is drained and standby, will filter gained filter three times
Citric acid or plant ash is added to get nutrient solution is arrived in liquid mixing.
By third time filter residue, it is dried to water content at 120~140 DEG C 35~40%, crushes, crosses 600~700 mesh
Sieve, before planting, by smashed filter residue by the amount filling cave of every 5~7kg of cave.
During spraying nutritional agents, adjusting P in soil H is 5~6.5.
Embodiment 5
The plantation technique of ecological wild tea, comprising the following steps:
(1) ring selection border: for selection height above sea level in the red earth of 800~1200m, average annual rainfall is 1500~1800mm, soil
Earth relative water content is 75%;
(2) site preparation: by soil deep tillage, fluff is mixed with soil by the weight ratio of 0.2~0.3:1.3, mixes thoroughly, sprays
Nutritional agents, the nutritional agents are made of following raw material by weight: 3~6 parts of Chinese herbaceous peony, 4~8 parts of radix pseudostellariae, honeysuckle 3~
7 parts, 8~12 parts of Semen Lablab Album, 2~5 parts of fritillary bulb, 1~4 part of wormcast, citric acid or 3~8 parts of plant ash;
(3) it plants: wild tea seedling is planted by the density of 3~4m of spacing in the rows × line-spacing 3~4, be colonized using big cave,
Cave deep 30~50cm, the wide 40~50cm in cave, 26~28h before planting, wild tea seedling root is soaked in 2 in inorganic agent~
4h, wherein the inorganic agent, is to be mixed to prepare azotobacter chroococcum and water by the weight ratio of 0.18~0.25:1;
(4) it manages: after seedling cultivation, in 8~15 months, Routine Management being carried out to nursery stock, including trimming, weeds cut
It cuts, after seedling cultivation after 20 months, is interplanted between nursery stock line-spacing, the 1st year interplant of bean, the 2nd~3 year plantation glutinous rehmannia
And/or Rhizoma Gastrodiae, it digs to tea place within every 2~4 years, weeds cutting, tendril trimming.
The fluff is to mix stalk, sawdust and husk by the weight ratio of 0.6~0.9:0.4~0.7.
The fluff, preparation method are as follows: stalk is crushed, is mixed in proportion with sawdust and husk, 100~
At 120 DEG C, 6~10min is steamed.
The nutritional agents, weighs raw material, obtains mixture, and 3~5 times of mixture of water is added, and decocts 1~2h, filters
First time filtrate;2.5~4.5 times of filter residue of water is added, decocts 1~2h, filters to obtain second of filtrate;Second of filter residue 2 is added
~3 times of water decocts 60~90min, filters to obtain third time filtrate, and third time filter residue is drained and standby, will filter gained filter three times
Citric acid or plant ash is added to get nutrient solution is arrived in liquid mixing.
By third time filter residue, it is dried to water content at 120~140 DEG C 35~40%, crushes, crosses 600~700 mesh
Sieve, before planting, by smashed filter residue by the amount filling cave of every 5~7kg of cave.
During spraying nutritional agents, adjusting P in soil H is 5~6.5.
Claims (5)
1. the plantation technique of ecological wild tea, which comprises the following steps:
(1) ring selection border: selection height above sea level is in the red earth of 800 ~ 1200m, and average annual rainfall is 1500 ~ 1800mm, and soil is opposite
Water content is 75%;
(2) site preparation: by soil deep tillage, fluff is mixed with soil by the weight ratio of 0.2 ~ 0.3:1.3, mixes thoroughly, sprays nutrition
Agent, the nutritional agents are made of following raw material by weight: 3 ~ 6 parts of Chinese herbaceous peony, 4 ~ 8 parts of radix pseudostellariae, 3 ~ 7 parts of honeysuckle, white
8 ~ 12 parts of hyacinth bean, 2 ~ 5 parts of fritillary bulb, 1 ~ 4 part of wormcast, citric acid or 3 ~ 8 parts of plant ash;
(3) it plants: wild tea seedling is planted by the density of 3 ~ 4m of spacing in the rows × line-spacing 3 ~ 4, be colonized using big cave, cave deep 30
~ 50cm, the wide 40 ~ 50cm in cave, 26 ~ 28h, is soaked in 2 ~ 4h in inorganic agent for wild tea seedling root before planting, wherein described
Inorganic agent, be to be mixed to prepare azotobacter chroococcum and water by the weight ratio of 0.18 ~ 0.25:1;
(4) it manages: after seedling cultivation, in 8 ~ 15 months, Routine Management, including trimming, weeds cutting, in children being carried out to nursery stock
After seed plant after 20 months, interplanted between nursery stock line-spacing, the 1st year interplant of bean, the 2nd ~ 3 year plantation glutinous rehmannia and/or Rhizoma Gastrodiae,
It digs to tea place within every 2 ~ 4 years, weeds cutting, tendril trimming;
The fluff is to mix stalk, sawdust and husk by the weight ratio of 0.6 ~ 0.9:0.4 ~ 0.7.
2. the plantation technique of ecology wild tea as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the fluff, preparation side
Method are as follows: stalk is crushed, is mixed in proportion with sawdust and husk, at 100 ~ 120 DEG C, steams 6 ~ 10min.
3. the plantation technique of ecology wild tea as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the nutritional agents weighs raw material,
Mixture is obtained, 3 ~ 5 times of mixture of water is added, 1 ~ 2h is decocted, filters to obtain first time filtrate;2.5 ~ 4.5 times of filter residue of water is added,
1 ~ 2h is decocted, second of filtrate is filtered to obtain;2 ~ 3 times of second of filter residue of water is added, decocts 60 ~ 90min, filters to obtain third time filter
Liquid, third time filter residue is drained and standby, will filter gained filtrate mixing three times, and citric acid or plant ash is added to get nutrient solution is arrived.
4. the plantation technique of ecology wild tea as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that by third time filter residue, 120 ~ 140
Water content is dried at DEG C 35 ~ 40%, is crushed, 600 ~ 700 meshes are crossed, before planting, by smashed filter residue by every cave 5 ~
In the amount filling cave of 7kg.
5. the plantation technique of ecology wild tea as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that during spraying nutritional agents, adjust
Saving P in soil H is 5 ~ 6.5.
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CN113557906A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-10-29 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Breeding method of wild ancient tea tree seedlings and making method of wild ancient tea tree seedling tea |
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