CN106100026B - A kind of satellite power supply nickel-cadmium storage battery charging regulator - Google Patents

A kind of satellite power supply nickel-cadmium storage battery charging regulator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106100026B
CN106100026B CN201610473156.0A CN201610473156A CN106100026B CN 106100026 B CN106100026 B CN 106100026B CN 201610473156 A CN201610473156 A CN 201610473156A CN 106100026 B CN106100026 B CN 106100026B
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voltage
signal
charging
resistance
control unit
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CN106100026A (en
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刘大同
路景枫
刘连胜
宋宇晨
彭宇
彭喜元
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Heilongjiang Industrial Technology Research Institute Asset Management Co ltd
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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    • H02J7/0086

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  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract

A kind of satellite power supply nickel-cadmium storage battery charging regulator is related to satellite power supply to battery charging field.The present invention is to solve the problems, such as the existing regulating device for lacking the constant charge for guaranteeing satellite power supply to battery group and stablizing termination charging.The busbar voltage of input is carried out boost conversion by boost topological structure circuit;Electric current carries out sampling the acquisition and output for synthesizing and being completed to feedback signal with signal with voltage with electric current of the voltage sample feedback control unit to charging output;PWM control unit exports the NMOS tube that corresponding pulse width signal drives boost circuit by feedback signal;Control unit receives the charging enable signal that the error of satellite power supply busbar voltage is amplified, the signal controls entire charging circuit and connects when effective, the operating temperature and voltage of battery group are obtained simultaneously, stop charging when accumulator battery voltage reaches the corresponding end of charge voltage of temperature monitoring signal, completes charging process.For bus to battery charging.

Description

A kind of satellite power supply nickel-cadmium storage battery charging regulator
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of satellite power supply nickel-cadmium storage battery charging regulators.Belong to satellite power supply to battery charging Field.
Background technique
With the high speed development of aeronautical and space technology, artificial earth satellite is widely used in military, civilian and scientific The fields such as research.Satellite power system is the important subsystem of satellite platform, it be responsible for satellite other subsystems and effectively The critical function of load power supply, basic function is by certain physical change or chemical change, by luminous energy, nuclear energy or chemical energy It is converted into electric energy, stored, adjusted and is converted as needed, then to each subsystem power supply of spacecraft.Battery is satellite The important component of power-supply system, the normal work for spacecraft in the ground shadow phase provide regulated power.Therefore in illumination period It effectively charges to it particularly important, and directly affects aircraft in the Task Quality of ground shadow phase.Charging regulator is satellite electricity The critical function unit that source system power regulatory function is realized.Illumination period within the orbital period, it is defeated when solar battery array Power-supply system enters charging domain when power is greater than loading demand out, is realized extra power by charging regulator to battery Group charges, and realizes the function of stabilized satellite power rail voltage and battery charging.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be in order to solve it is existing lack guarantee satellite power supply to the constant charge of battery group and stablize to terminate and fill The problem of regulating device of electricity.A kind of satellite power supply nickel-cadmium storage battery charging regulator is now provided.
A kind of satellite power supply nickel-cadmium storage battery charging regulator, it includes battery group and satellite power supply bus, it is also wrapped Include boost topological structure circuit, voltage and current sample feedback control unit, PWM control unit, driving circuit, control unit With switch S,
Boost topological structure circuit, the voltage for exporting satellite power supply bus carry out corresponding boost conversion, realize It is transmitted from satellite power supply busbar voltage to the rechargeable electrical energy of battery group, then the voltage and current by charging output is exported to electricity Pressure and current sample feedback control unit;
Voltage and current sample feedback control unit, for being sampled to the voltage and current of charging output, by voltage And current sampling signal is synthesized to obtain unified sampling feedback control signal, it is single that the signal is then fed back to PWM control Member;
PWM control unit, for by the sampling feedback received control signal through internal error amplifier and its inside Reference voltage be compared, by adjusting the duty ratio of switching signal with realize charging voltage stablize output, final output Pulse width signal, the pulse width signal drive the NMOS tube of boost topological structure circuit by driving circuit;
Control unit makes for receiving the charging enable signal amplified to the error of satellite power supply busbar voltage Control switch S is closed when energy signal is effective, connects boost topological structure circuit, to make entire charging circuit connect for storage Battery pack charging, while obtaining the temperature monitoring signal T of battery group during the charging processbatteryWith voltage monitoring signal Vbattery, according to temperature monitoring signal TbatteryObtain its corresponding end of charge voltage Vstop, when voltage monitoring signal VbatteryReach the V of end of charge voltagestop, export charging termination signal, cut-out switch S, to disconnect boost topological structure Circuit makes entire charging circuit stop the charging to battery.
The invention has the benefit that the present invention uses the switching power circuit based on boost circuit theory, by boost Topological structure circuit, voltage and current sample feedback control unit, PWM control unit, control unit composition.Boost topology knot Structure circuit realizes the power transmission and level conversion function that charging is adjusted, and input voltage is carried out corresponding boost conversion.Voltage Realize that carry out sampling with voltage to the electric current of charging output synthesizes with signal, completes to feedback with current sample feedback control unit The acquisition and output of signal.PWM control unit exports corresponding pulse width signal by feedback signal and drives opening for boost circuit Guan Guan.Control unit receives the charging enable signal amplified to the error of satellite power supply busbar voltage, has in enable signal Control switch S is opened when effect, so that boost topological structure circuit is connected so that entire charging circuit is connected.And by obtaining The operating temperature and voltage for taking battery group, when accumulator battery voltage reaches the corresponding end of charge voltage of temperature monitoring signal Stop charging, completes charging process.
One aspect of the present invention realizes the perseverance of nickel-cadmium storage battery group in illumination period according to the electrochemical properties of nickel-cadmium storage battery Constant-voltage charge function is flowed, on the other hand, according to the temperature characterisitic of nickel-cadmium storage battery, according to temperature monitoring signal during charging Corresponding V-T charging termination curve obtains the corresponding end of charge voltage of relevant temperature, thus in suitable charging termination Charging termination function is completed when voltage.To sum up two aspect realizes that satellite power supply fills the stabilization of battery group in illumination period realization Electricity charges with termination is stablized.Electric discharge adjuster is the essential elements of satellite power system power regulation, and the achievement of the design will be at For satellite power system important composition unit, developing has very big realistic meaning and practical value.
The present invention has the advantage that are as follows:
1, realize that the charging circuit based on boost circuit realizes charge power transmission and level conversion;
2, realize that charging current samples with charging voltage and realizes that circuit sampling signal merges with voltage sampling signal;
3, it realizes PWM feedback control loop function, stabilizes the output voltage the stabilization with electric current;
4, it realizes the processing to battery group temperature signal and voltage signal and exports the completion of charging termination signal and entirely fill Electric process.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram of satellite power supply nickel-cadmium storage battery charging regulator described in specific embodiment one;
Fig. 2 is a kind of schematic diagram of boost topological structure circuit in satellite power supply nickel-cadmium storage battery charging regulator;
Fig. 3 is the working waveform figure of boost topological structure circuit, wherein ugIndicate switching tube grid voltage, uVTIndicate two Pole pipe cathode voltage, uLIndicate inductive drop, iLIndicate inductive current, iVTIndicate diode current, iCIndicate capacitance current I1Table Show that inductive current changes minimum value, I2Indicate that inductive current changes maximum value, t1When indicating that switch hangs conducting in one cycle Between, t2Indicate switch periods end time, UdIndicate input voltage steady-state value, UoIndicate the variation of inductance L electric current;
Fig. 4 is the on state figure of NMOS tube in boost topological structure circuit;
Fig. 5 is the closed state figure of NMOS tube in boost topological structure circuit;
Fig. 6 is the original of voltage and current sample feedback control unit in a kind of satellite power supply nickel-cadmium storage battery charging regulator Reason figure;
Fig. 7 is a kind of schematic diagram of PWM control unit in satellite power supply nickel-cadmium storage battery charging regulator;
Fig. 8 is a kind of schematic diagram of control unit in satellite power supply nickel-cadmium storage battery charging regulator;
Fig. 9 is the flow chart of control unit.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment 1: present embodiment is illustrated referring to Fig.1, a kind of satellite power supply described in present embodiment Nickel-cadmium storage battery charging regulator, it includes battery group and satellite power supply bus, it further include boost topological structure circuit 1, Voltage and current sample feedback control unit 2, PWM control unit 3, driving circuit 4, control unit 5 and switch S,
Boost topological structure circuit 1, the voltage for exporting satellite power supply bus carry out corresponding boost conversion and reality Now charging is adjusted, and then the voltage and current by charging output is exported to voltage and current sample feedback control unit 2;
Voltage and current sample feedback control unit 2, for being sampled to the voltage and current of charging output, by voltage And current sampling signal is synthesized to obtain unified sampling feedback control signal, it is single that the signal is then fed back to PWM control Member 3;
PWM control unit 3 passes through for the sampling feedback received to be controlled signal after internal error amplifier The duty ratio of switching signal is adjusted to realize that stablizing for charging voltage exports, final output pulse width signal, the pulse width signal passes through The NMOS tube of the driving boost topological structure circuit 1 of driving circuit 4;
Control unit 5 makes for receiving the charging enable signal amplified to the error of satellite power supply busbar voltage Control switch S is closed when energy signal is effective, connects boost topological structure circuit 1, to make entire charging circuit connect for storage Battery pack charging, while obtaining the temperature monitoring signal T of battery group during the charging processbatteryWith voltage monitoring signal Vbattery, according to temperature monitoring signal TbatteryObtain its corresponding end of charge voltage Vstop, when voltage monitoring signal VbatteryReach the V of end of charge voltagestop, export charging termination signal, cut-out switch S, to disconnect boost topological structure Circuit 1 makes entire charging circuit stop the charging to battery.
In present embodiment, control unit receives the enabled letter of charging amplified to the error of satellite power supply busbar voltage Number, when enable signal is effective, control switch S connects boost topological structure circuit 1, connects entire charging circuit.And pass through The operating temperature and voltage for obtaining battery group, reach the corresponding end of charge voltage of temperature monitoring signal in accumulator battery voltage When stop charging, complete charging process.
In present embodiment, control unit design is as shown in Figure 8.Control unit receives battery group during the charging process Temperature monitoring signal TbatteryWith voltage monitoring signal Vbattery, according to temperature monitoring signal TbatteryIts is obtained corresponding to fill Electric final voltage Vstop, when voltage monitoring signal reaches the V of end of charge voltagestop, it is output charging termination signal, cutting is filled Circuit, realizes charging termination operation, and software design is as shown in Figure 9.
In present embodiment, the input terminal access satellite bus of charging regulator of the present invention is obtained into input electricity Energy;The output end access battery group nickel-cadmium storage battery group of charging regulator of the present invention is exported into rechargeable electrical energy;It will control Unit access charging enable signal processed, connecting charging circuit under charging enable signal control inputs the electric energy of charging regulator By the charging voltage that boost circuit output is stable;By control unit access battery group temperature signal and voltage signal with Judge whether to reach end of charge voltage at this temperature during the charging process, charging electricity is disconnected when reaching end of charge voltage Charging process is completed on road.
Specific embodiment 2: illustrating present embodiment referring to Fig. 2 to Fig. 5, present embodiment is to specific implementation A kind of satellite power supply nickel-cadmium storage battery charging regulator described in mode one is described further, and in present embodiment, boost is opened up It flutters structural circuit 1 and includes inductance L, NMOS tube VT, diode D, capacitor C and resistance R,
One end of inductance L connects anode and the drain electrode of NMOS tube VT of diode D simultaneously,
The cathode of diode D connects one end of capacitor C and one end of resistance R simultaneously, and the other end of capacitor C connects electricity simultaneously The other end, the source electrode of NMOS tube VT and one end of satellite power supply bus of R are hindered,
One end of the other end connection switch S of inductance L, the other end of the other end connection satellite power supply bus of switch S, The drive output of the grid connection driving circuit 4 of NMOS tube VT,
The anode of one end connection battery group of resistance R, the cathode of the other end connection battery group of resistance R,
The anode of battery group and the cathode of diode D are exported as the voltage and current of boost topological structure circuit 1 End.
In present embodiment, boost type translation circuit, that is, boost circuit is that a kind of output voltage is non-higher than input voltage Isolated PWM DC/DC converter, Basic Topological are as shown in Figure 2.
According to the switch state of NMOS tube, each state wave shape is as shown in Figure 3 in the course of work.
Its course of work is as follows:
1.NMOS pipe on state t0≤t≤t1=KT wherein, t0Indicate the initial time of switch periods, t indicates NMOS Pipe working time, K indicate that NMOS tube operative duty cycles, T indicate that switch periods indicate.
Diode D is turned off, and equivalent circuit topology is as shown in figure 4, condition under ideal conditions, udAnd uoIt remains unchanged, is Steady state value.Have:
In formula, uLIndicate inductance L voltage, udIndicate input voltage, uoIndicate output voltage,
In formula, △ I indicates the variation of inductance L electric current, UdIndicate input voltage steady-state value,
2.NMOS pipe closed state t1≤t≤T
Diode D is on mode at this time, and inductance afterflow, equivalent circuit topological structure is as shown in figure 5, have:
In formula, UoIndicate the variation of inductance L electric current, t2Indicate the switch periods end time.
Periodicity when in view of circuit steady operation, the open state of NMOS tube and the △ I of closed state are equal, it may be assumed that
Wherein: t2=T,It obtains:
According to the above-mentioned course of work, realization is transmitted from busbar voltage to the rechargeable electrical energy of battery group and level conversion.
Specific embodiment 3: illustrating present embodiment referring to Fig.1, present embodiment is to specific embodiment one Or a kind of satellite power supply nickel-cadmium storage battery charging regulator described in two is described further, in present embodiment, it further includes Resistance Rs,
Resistance RsOne end connection diode D cathode, resistance RsThe other end connection battery group anode.
In present embodiment, resistance RsBe isolation.
Specific embodiment 4: illustrating present embodiment referring to Fig. 6, present embodiment is to specific embodiment three A kind of satellite power supply nickel-cadmium storage battery charging regulator is described further, and in present embodiment, voltage is adopted with electric current Sample feedback control unit 2 includes current distributing monitor, resistance R1With resistance R2,
The positive input terminal of current distributing monitor connects resistance RsOne end,
The negative input end of current distributing monitor connects resistance R simultaneouslysThe other end and resistance R1One end, resistance R1's The other end connects resistance R simultaneously2One end, resistance R2The other end and the cathode of battery group, power ground and current distributing monitoring The ground terminal of device,
Resistance R1Voltage sampling signal I of the other end as current sample feedback control unit 2FOutput end,
Current sampling signal I of the output end of current distributing monitor as voltage and current sample feedback control unit 2F Output end.
In present embodiment, the specific design of voltage and current sample feedback control unit 2 is as shown in fig. 6, pass through electric current Sampling obtains current sampling signal IF, voltage sampling signal V is obtained by voltage sampleF, finally by current sampling signal and electric current Sampled signal is synthesized to obtain unified sampling feedback control signal, SFRealize the current sample feedback and electricity to charging output Press sampling feedback.
1, current sample:
By being sampled to charging output electric current, and the pressure drop that sampling resistor generates is pressed by current distributing monitor Corresponding voltage signal is converted to according to certain multiple.
2, voltage sample:
The implementation of voltage sample is realized by high-precision divider resistance and is divided to charging output voltage output It realizes
3, current sample is synthesized with voltage sampling signal
In to battery charging process, since the battery group at charging initial stage needs to carry out constant-current charging phase, at this time Current sample feedback signal IFGreater than voltage sample feedback control signal VF, it saves and carries out with charging process, the electricity of battery group Pressure is gradually increasing, and the charging voltage of constant-current charge is maintained correspondingly persistently to rise, so that Voltage Feedback controls signal VFGradually increase Add, until voltage feedback signal VFGreater than current feedback control signal IF, charging enters constant-voltage charge mode at this time.By electric current Sampled feedback signal IFWith voltage sample feedback control signal VF, exported by diodes in parallel, synthesized unified sampling Feedback signal SF, by the above process, realize constant current-constant-voltage charge process to battery group.
Specific embodiment 5: illustrating present embodiment referring to Fig. 7, present embodiment is to specific embodiment one A kind of satellite power supply nickel-cadmium storage battery charging regulator is described further, in present embodiment, PWM control unit 3 Including resistance R, capacitor C, resistance RT, capacitor CTWith the loop Current-type PWM Controller of model UC3843,
No. 1 pin of the loop Current-type PWM Controller of model UC3843 connect simultaneously resistance R one end and capacitor C one The other end at end, resistance R connects the other end of capacitor C simultaneously and No. 2 of the loop Current-type PWM Controller of model UC3843 are drawn No. 2 pins of foot, the loop Current-type PWM Controller of model UC3843 are defeated as the sampling feedback control signal of PWM control unit 3 Enter end,
No. 5 pins of the loop Current-type PWM Controller of model UC3843 connect resistance RTOne end, resistance RTThe other end Capacitor C is connected simultaneouslyTOne end and model UC3843 loop Current-type PWM Controller No. 4 pins, capacitor CTThe other end it is same When connection model UC3843 loop Current-type PWM Controller No. 8 pins and power ground,
No. 6 pins of the loop Current-type PWM Controller of model UC3843 connect power supply,
No. 7 pins of the loop Current-type PWM Controller of model UC3843 are exported as the pulse width signal of PWM control unit 3 End.
In present embodiment, PWM control unit is by above-mentioned feedback signal SFAs the input signal of PWM controller, this is anti- Feedthrough voltage adjusts the duty ratio of switching signal after the error amplifier inside PWM controller to realize the stabilization of charging voltage Output.The design use TI company UC3843 loop Current-type PWM Controller, hardware design as shown in fig. 7, specific work process such as Under:
Input signal SFIt is input to the feedback input end VFB of PWM controller, and passes through its internal error amplifier and its Internal reference voltage is compared, and the output end COMP of amplifier and the input terminal VBF of feedback signal are according to side shown in Fig. 7 Formula connection, passes through the dynamic characteristic of resistance R and capacitor C adjusting controller.
The maximum duty cycle of the pulse width signal of output can pass through the resistance R of different numerical value from frequencyTWith capacitor CTIt carries out corresponding Setting, can calculate different value according to formula 1-7 and correspond to maximum output duty ratio.
Wherein VRT/CT(valley)=1.2V, VRT/CT(peak)=2.8V, Vref=5V, Idischg=8.3mA
Output signal frequency is obtained by formula 1-8.
By working as feedback signal SFWhen increase, the output signal duty ratio of PWM controller accordingly reduces;Conversely, when feedback Signal SFWhen reduction, the output signal duty ratio of PWM controller is increased accordingly.By the above process, realize to output voltage with The dynamic regulation for exporting electric current, makes its steady operation.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of satellite power supply nickel-cadmium storage battery charging regulator, it includes battery group and satellite power supply bus, and feature exists In, it further include boost topological structure circuit (1), voltage and current sample feedback control unit (2), PWM control unit (3), Driving circuit (4), control unit (5) and switch S,
Boost topological structure circuit (1), the voltage for exporting satellite power supply bus carry out corresponding boost conversion, realize It is transmitted from satellite power supply busbar voltage to the rechargeable electrical energy of battery group, then the voltage and current by charging output is exported to electricity Pressure and current sample feedback control unit (2);
Voltage and current sample feedback control unit (2), for being sampled to the voltage and current of charging output, by voltage and Current sampling signal is synthesized to obtain unified sampling feedback control signal, and the signal is then fed back to PWM control unit (3);
PWM control unit (3), for the sampling feedback received to be controlled signal through internal error amplifier and its inside Reference voltage is compared, by adjusting the duty ratio of switching signal to realize that stablizing for charging voltage exports, final output arteries and veins Bandwidth signals, the NMOS tube which passes through driving circuit (4) driving boost topological structure circuit (1);
Control unit (5), for receiving the charging enable signal amplified to the error of satellite power supply busbar voltage, enabled Control switch S is closed when signal is effective, connects boost topological structure circuit (1), to make entire charging circuit connect to store Battery pack charging, while obtaining the temperature monitoring signal T of battery group during the charging processbatteryWith voltage monitoring signal Vbattery, according to temperature monitoring signal TbatteryObtain its corresponding end of charge voltage Vstop, when voltage monitoring signal VbatteryReach the V of end of charge voltagestop, export charging termination signal, cut-out switch S, to disconnect boost topological structure Circuit (1) makes entire charging circuit stop the charging to battery;
By working as feedback signal SFWhen increase, the output signal duty ratio of PWM control unit (3) accordingly reduces;Conversely, when feedback Signal SFWhen reduction, the output signal duty ratio of PWM control unit (3) is increased accordingly, and by this process, is realized to output voltage With the dynamic regulation of output electric current, make its steady operation.
2. a kind of satellite power supply nickel-cadmium storage battery charging regulator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that boost is opened up Flutterring structural circuit (1) includes inductance L, NMOS tube VT, diode D, capacitor C and resistance R,
One end of inductance L connects anode and the drain electrode of NMOS tube VT of diode D simultaneously,
The cathode of diode D connects one end of capacitor C and one end of resistance R simultaneously, and the other end of capacitor C connects resistance R simultaneously The other end, the source electrode of NMOS tube VT and one end of satellite power supply bus,
One end of the other end connection switch S of inductance L, the other end of the other end connection satellite power supply bus of switch S, NMOS tube The drive output of grid connection driving circuit (4) of VT,
The anode of one end connection battery group of resistance R, the cathode of the other end connection battery group of resistance R,
The voltage and current output end of the anode of battery group and the cathode of diode D as boost topological structure circuit (1).
3. a kind of satellite power supply nickel-cadmium storage battery charging regulator according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that it is also Including resistance Rs,
Resistance RsOne end connection diode D cathode, resistance RsThe other end connection battery group anode.
4. a kind of satellite power supply nickel-cadmium storage battery charging regulator according to claim 3, which is characterized in that voltage and electricity Flowing sampling feedback control unit (2) includes current distributing monitor, resistance R1With resistance R2,
The positive input terminal of current distributing monitor connects resistance RsOne end,
The negative input end of current distributing monitor connects resistance R simultaneouslysThe other end and resistance R1One end, resistance R1It is another It holds while connecting resistance R2One end, resistance R2The other end and the cathode of battery group, power ground and current distributing monitor Ground terminal,
Resistance R1Voltage sampling signal I of the other end as current sample feedback control unit (2)FOutput end,
Current sampling signal I of the output end of current distributing monitor as voltage and current sample feedback control unit (2)FIt is defeated Outlet.
5. a kind of satellite power supply nickel-cadmium storage battery charging regulator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that PWM control Unit (3) includes resistance R, capacitor C, resistance RT, capacitor CTWith the loop Current-type PWM Controller of model UC3843,
No. 1 pin of the loop Current-type PWM Controller of model UC3843 connects one end of resistance R and one end of capacitor C simultaneously, electricity The other end for hindering R connects No. 2 pins of the other end of capacitor C and the loop Current-type PWM Controller of model UC3843, model simultaneously For sampling feedback control signal input of No. 2 pins as PWM control unit (3) of the loop Current-type PWM Controller of UC3843,
No. 5 pins of the loop Current-type PWM Controller of model UC3843 connect resistance RTOne end, resistance RTThe other end simultaneously Connect capacitor CTOne end and model UC3843 loop Current-type PWM Controller No. 4 pins, capacitor CTThe other end connect simultaneously No. 8 pins and power ground of the loop Current-type PWM Controller of model UC3843 are connect,
No. 6 pins of the loop Current-type PWM Controller of model UC3843 connect power supply,
Pulse width signal output end of No. 7 pins of the loop Current-type PWM Controller of model UC3843 as PWM control unit (3).
CN201610473156.0A 2016-06-24 2016-06-24 A kind of satellite power supply nickel-cadmium storage battery charging regulator Active CN106100026B (en)

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