A kind of satellite power supply cadmium-nickel storage cell charging regulator
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of satellite power supply cadmium-nickel storage cell charging regulator.Belong to satellite power supply to battery charging
Field.
Background technology
Along with the high speed development of aeronautical and space technology, artificial earth satellite is widely used in military affairs, civilian and science
The fields such as research.Satellite power system is the important subsystem of satellite platform, and it is responsible for other subsystems of satellite with effective
The critical function that load is powered, its basic function is by certain physical change or chemical change, by luminous energy, nuclear energy or chemical energy
It is converted into electric energy, carries out as required storing, regulate and converting, then power to each subsystem of spacecraft.Accumulator is satellite
The important component part of power-supply system, provides regulated power for the spacecraft normal work in the ground shadow phase.Therefore during illumination
Particularly important to its effective charging, and directly affect the aircraft Task Quality in the ground shadow phase.Charging regulator is satellite electricity
The critical function unit that origin system power regulation functions realizes.During illumination within the orbital period, defeated when solar battery array
Go out power and enter charging territory more than power-supply system during loading demand, realized unnecessary power to accumulator by charging regulator
Group is charged, it is achieved stabilized satellite power rail voltage and the function of battery charging.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be in order to solve existing lack guarantee satellite power supply the constant charge of accumulator battery is filled with stablizing termination
The problem of the adjusting means of electricity.A kind of satellite power supply cadmium-nickel storage cell charging regulator is now provided.
A kind of satellite power supply cadmium-nickel storage cell charging regulator, it includes accumulator battery and satellite power supply bus, and it also wraps
Include boost topological structure circuit, voltage and current sample feedback control unit, PWM control unit, drive circuit, control unit
With switch S,
Boost topological structure circuit, for carrying out corresponding boost conversion by the voltage that satellite power supply bus exports, it is achieved
Transmitted to the rechargeable electrical energy of accumulator battery by satellite power supply busbar voltage, then voltage and the electric current of charging output are exported to electricity
Pressure and current sample feedback control unit;
Voltage and current sample feedback control unit, for sampling, by voltage to the voltage of charging output and electric current
And current sampling signal carries out synthesizing and obtains unified sampling feedback control signal, then this signal is fed back to PWM and controls single
Unit;
PWM control unit, the sampling feedback control signal being used for receiving is inside internal error amplifier and its
Reference voltage compare, by adjust switching signal dutycycle to realize the stable output of charging voltage, finally export
Pulse width signal, this pulse width signal drives the NMOS tube of boost topological structure circuit by drive circuit;
Control unit, the charging obtained for receiving the error to satellite power supply busbar voltage to amplify enables signal, makes
Control switch S Guan Bi when energy signal is effective, make boost topological structure circuit ON, so that it is to store that whole charging circuit is connected
Set of cells is charged, and obtains accumulator battery temperature monitoring signal T in charging process simultaneouslybatteryWith voltage monitoring signal
Vbattery, according to temperature monitoring signal TbatteryObtain its corresponding end of charge voltage Vstop, when voltage monitoring signal
VbatteryReach the V of end of charge voltagestop, export charging termination signal, roof-cut resistence S, thus disconnect boost topological structure
Circuit, makes whole charging circuit stop the charging to accumulator.
The invention have the benefit that the present invention uses switching power circuit based on boost circuit theory, by boost
Topological structure circuit, voltage and current sample feedback control unit, PWM control unit, control unit forms.Boost topology is tied
The power transmission of structure circuit realiration charging regulation and level conversion function, carry out corresponding boost conversion by input voltage.Voltage
Realize the electric current of charging output is sampled and signal syntheses with voltage with current sample feedback control unit, complete feedback
The acquisition of signal and output.PWM control unit exports corresponding pulse width signal by feedback signal and drives opening of boost circuit
Guan Guan.Control unit accepts the error to satellite power supply busbar voltage and amplifies the charging enable signal obtained, and has enabling signal
Control switch S during effect to open so that boost topological structure circuit ON is so that whole charging circuit is connected.And by obtaining
Take operating temperature and the voltage of accumulator battery, when accumulator battery voltage reaches end of charge voltage corresponding to temperature monitoring signal
Stop charging, complete charging process.
One aspect of the present invention, according to the electrochemical properties of cadmium-nickel storage cell, realizes the perseverance of cadmium-nickel storage cell group in illumination period
Stream constant-voltage charge function, on the other hand, according to the temperature characterisitic of cadmium-nickel storage cell, according to temperature monitoring signal during charging
Corresponding V-T charging termination curve obtains the end of charge voltage that relevant temperature is corresponding, thus at suitable charging termination
Charging termination function is completed during voltage.To sum up two aspect, it is achieved satellite power supply realizes stablizing accumulator battery filling in illumination period
Electricity terminates charging with stable.Electric discharge actuator is the essential elements of satellite power system power adjustments, and the achievement of the design will become
For satellite power system important composition unit, its development has the biggest realistic meaning and practical value.
The present invention have the advantage that into:
1, realize charging circuit based on boost circuit and realize charge power transmission and level conversion;
2, realize charging current to sample with charging voltage and realize circuit sampling signal and merge with voltage sampling signal;
3, realizing PWM feedback and control circuit functionality, regulated output voltage is stablized with electric current;
4, realize accumulator battery temperature signal and the process of voltage signal and export charging termination signal and complete whole filling
Electric process.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of a kind of satellite power supply cadmium-nickel storage cell charging regulator described in detailed description of the invention one;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of boost topological structure circuit in a kind of satellite power supply cadmium-nickel storage cell charging regulator;
Fig. 3 is the working waveform figure of boost topological structure circuit, wherein, ugRepresent switching tube grid voltage, uVTRepresent two
Pole pipe cathode voltage, uLRepresent inductive drop, iLRepresent inductive current, iVTRepresent diode current, iCRepresent capacitance current I1Table
Show that inductive current changes minima, I2Represent inductive current change maximum, t1Represent when switch hangs over the conducting in the cycle
Between, t2Represent switch periods end time, UdRepresent input voltage steady-state value, UoRepresent the change of inductance L electric current;
Fig. 4 is the conducting state figure of NMOS tube in boost topological structure circuit;
Fig. 5 is the closed mode figure of NMOS tube in boost topological structure circuit;
Fig. 6 is the former of voltage and current sample feedback control unit in a kind of satellite power supply cadmium-nickel storage cell charging regulator
Reason figure;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of PWM control unit in a kind of satellite power supply cadmium-nickel storage cell charging regulator;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of control unit in a kind of satellite power supply cadmium-nickel storage cell charging regulator;
Fig. 9 is the flow chart of control unit.
Detailed description of the invention
Detailed description of the invention one: illustrate present embodiment with reference to Fig. 1, a kind of satellite power supply described in present embodiment
Cadmium-nickel storage cell charging regulator, it includes accumulator battery and satellite power supply bus, it also include boost topological structure circuit 1,
Voltage and current sample feedback control unit 2, PWM control unit 3, drive circuit 4, control unit 5 and switch S,
Boost topological structure circuit 1, for carrying out corresponding boost conversion and reality by the voltage that satellite power supply bus exports
Now charge regulation, then voltage and the electric current of charging output are exported to voltage and current sample feedback control unit 2;
Voltage and current sample feedback control unit 2, for sampling, by voltage to the voltage of charging output and electric current
And current sampling signal carries out synthesizing and obtains unified sampling feedback control signal, then this signal is fed back to PWM and controls single
Unit 3;
PWM control unit 3, the sampling feedback control signal being used for receiving, after internal error amplifier, is passed through
The dutycycle of adjustment switching signal is to realize the stable output of charging voltage, and final output pulse width signal, this pulse width signal passes through
Drive circuit 4 drives the NMOS tube of boost topological structure circuit 1;
Control unit 5, the charging obtained for receiving the error to satellite power supply busbar voltage to amplify enables signal, makes
Control switch S Guan Bi when energy signal is effective, make boost topological structure circuit 1 connect, so that it is to store that whole charging circuit is connected
Set of cells is charged, and obtains accumulator battery temperature monitoring signal T in charging process simultaneouslybatteryWith voltage monitoring signal
Vbattery, according to temperature monitoring signal TbatteryObtain its corresponding end of charge voltage Vstop, when voltage monitoring signal
VbatteryReach the V of end of charge voltagestop, export charging termination signal, roof-cut resistence S, thus disconnect boost topological structure
Circuit 1, makes whole charging circuit stop the charging to accumulator.
In present embodiment, control unit receives the error to satellite power supply busbar voltage and amplifies the charging enable letter obtained
Number, control switch S when enabling signal and being effective and connect boost topological structure circuit 1, make whole charging circuit connect.And pass through
Obtain operating temperature and the voltage of accumulator battery, reach, at accumulator battery voltage, the end of charge voltage that temperature monitoring signal is corresponding
Time stop charging, complete charging process.
In present embodiment, control unit designs as shown in Figure 8.Control unit receives accumulator battery in charging process
Temperature monitoring signal TbatteryWith voltage monitoring signal Vbattery, according to temperature monitoring signal TbatteryObtain its corresponding filling
Electricity final voltage Vstop, when voltage monitoring signal reaches the V of end of charge voltagestop, it is output charging termination signal, cut-out is filled
Electricity circuit, it is achieved charging termination operates, and software design is as shown in Figure 9..
In present embodiment, the input of charging regulator of the present invention is accessed satellite bus and obtains input electricity
Energy;The outfan of charging regulator of the present invention is accessed accumulator battery cadmium-nickel storage cell group output rechargeable electrical energy;Will control
Unit processed accesses charging and enables signal, connects charging circuit and make the electric energy of charging regulator input under charging enable signal controls
Through the charging voltage that the output of boost circuit is stable;Control unit is accessed accumulator battery temperature signal and voltage signal with
In charging process, judge whether to reach the end of charge voltage at a temperature of this, disconnect charged electrical when reaching end of charge voltage
Road, completes charging process.
Detailed description of the invention two: illustrate present embodiment with reference to Fig. 2 to Fig. 5, present embodiment is to being embodied as
A kind of satellite power supply cadmium-nickel storage cell charging regulator described in mode one is described further, and in present embodiment, boost opens up
Flutter structural circuit 1 and include inductance L, NMOS tube VT, diode D, electric capacity C and resistance R,
One end of inductance L is simultaneously connected with the positive pole of diode D and the drain electrode of NMOS tube VT,
The negative pole of diode D is simultaneously connected with one end and one end of resistance R of electric capacity C, and the other end of electric capacity C is simultaneously connected with electricity
The resistance other end of R, the source electrode of NMOS tube VT and one end of satellite power supply bus,
One end of the other end connecting valve S of inductance L, the other end of switch S connects the other end of satellite power supply bus,
The grid of NMOS tube VT connects the drive output of drive circuit 4,
One end of resistance R connects the positive pole of accumulator battery, and the other end of resistance R connects the negative pole of accumulator battery,
The positive pole of accumulator battery and the negative pole of diode D are as the voltage of boost topological structure circuit 1 and electric current output
End.
In present embodiment, boost type translation circuit i.e. boost circuit, is that a kind of output voltage is higher than the non-of input voltage
Isolated PWM DC/DC changer, its Basic Topological is as shown in Figure 2.
According to the on off state of NMOS tube, in work process, each state waveform is as shown in Figure 3.
Its work process is as follows:
1.NMOS pipe conducting state t0≤t≤t1=K T wherein, t0Representing the initial time of switch periods, t represents NMOS
The pipe working time, K represents NMOS tube operative duty cycles, and T represents that switch periods represents.
Diode D is turned off, equivalent circuit topology as shown in Figure 4, condition under ideal conditions, udAnd uoRemain unchanged, for
Steady state value.Have:
In formula, uLRepresent inductance L voltage, udRepresent input voltage, uoRepresent output voltage,
In formula, △ I represents the change of inductance L electric current, UdRepresent input voltage steady-state value,
2.NMOS pipe closed mode t1≤t≤T
Now diode D is on pattern, inductance afterflow, and its equivalent circuit topological structure is as it is shown in figure 5, have:
In formula, UoRepresent the change of inductance L electric current, t2Represent the switch periods end time.
In view of periodicity during circuit steady operation, the open state of NMOS tube is equal with the △ I of closed mode, it may be assumed that
Wherein: t2=T,Obtain:
According to above-mentioned work process, it is achieved transmitted and level conversion to the rechargeable electrical energy of accumulator battery by busbar voltage.
Detailed description of the invention three: illustrate present embodiment with reference to Fig. 1, present embodiment is to detailed description of the invention one
Or a kind of satellite power supply cadmium-nickel storage cell charging regulator described in two is described further, in present embodiment, it also includes
Resistance Rs,
Resistance RsOne end connect diode D negative pole, resistance RsThe other end connect accumulator battery positive pole.
In present embodiment, resistance RsBe isolation.
Detailed description of the invention four: illustrate present embodiment with reference to Fig. 6, present embodiment is to detailed description of the invention three
Described a kind of satellite power supply cadmium-nickel storage cell charging regulator is described further, and in present embodiment, voltage is adopted with electric current
Sample feedback control unit 2 includes current distributing monitor, resistance R1With resistance R2,
The positive input terminal of current distributing monitor connects resistance RsOne end,
The negative input end of current distributing monitor is simultaneously connected with resistance RsThe other end and resistance R1One end, resistance R1's
The other end is simultaneously connected with resistance R2One end, resistance R2The other end and the negative pole of accumulator battery, power supply ground and current distributing monitor
The earth terminal of device,
Resistance R1The other end as the voltage sampling signal I of current sample feedback control unit 2FOutfan,
The outfan of current distributing monitor is as the current sampling signal I of voltage Yu current sample feedback control unit 2F
Outfan.
In present embodiment, the specific design of voltage and current sample feedback control unit 2 as shown in Figure 6, passes through electric current
Sampling obtains current sampling signal IF, obtained voltage sampling signal V by voltage sampleF, finally by current sampling signal and electric current
Sampled signal carries out synthesizing and obtains unified sampling feedback control signal, SFRealize the current sample feedback to charging output and electricity
Pressure sampling feedback.
1, current sample:
By charging output electric current is sampled, and by current distributing monitor, the pressure drop that sampling resistor produces is pressed
Corresponding voltage signal is changed into according to certain multiple.
2, voltage sample:
The implementation of voltage sample realizes charging output voltage output is carried out dividing potential drop by high-precision divider resistance
Realize
3, current sample synthesizes with voltage sampling signal
To in battery charging process, owing to the accumulator battery at charging initial stage needs to carry out constant-current charging phase, now
Current sample feedback signal IFMore than voltage sample feedback control signal VF, along with charging process savings are carried out, the electricity of accumulator battery
Pressure is gradually increasing, and maintains the charging voltage of constant-current charge the most persistently to rise so that Voltage Feedback control signal VFGradually increase
Add, until voltage feedback signal VFMore than current feedback control signal IF, now charging enters into constant-voltage charge pattern.By electric current
Sampled feedback signal IFWith voltage sample feedback control signal VF, exported by diodes in parallel, synthesized unified sampling
Feedback signal SF, pass through said process, it is achieved the constant current-constant-voltage charge process to accumulator battery.
Detailed description of the invention five: illustrate present embodiment with reference to Fig. 7, present embodiment is to detailed description of the invention one
Described a kind of satellite power supply cadmium-nickel storage cell charging regulator is described further, in present embodiment, and PWM control unit 3
Including resistance R, electric capacity C, resistance RT, electric capacity CTIt is the loop Current-type PWM Controller of UC3843 with model,
Model is one end and the one of electric capacity C that No. 1 pin of the loop Current-type PWM Controller of UC3843 is simultaneously connected with resistance R
End, the other end of resistance R is simultaneously connected with the other end of electric capacity C and No. 2 of loop Current-type PWM Controller that model is UC3843 are drawn
Foot, model is that No. 2 pins of the loop Current-type PWM Controller of UC3843 are defeated as the sampling feedback control signal of PWM control unit 3
Enter end,
Model is that No. 5 pins of the loop Current-type PWM Controller of UC3843 connect resistance RTOne end, resistance RTThe other end
It is simultaneously connected with electric capacity CTOne end and No. 4 pins of loop Current-type PWM Controller that model is UC3843, electric capacity CTThe other end with
Time connect No. 8 pins of loop Current-type PWM Controller and power supply ground that model is UC3843,
Model is that No. 6 pins of the loop Current-type PWM Controller of UC3843 connect power supply,
Model is No. 7 pins pulse width signal output as PWM control unit 3 of the loop Current-type PWM Controller of UC3843
End.
In present embodiment, PWM control unit is by above-mentioned feedback signal SFAs the input signal of PWM controller, this is anti-
Feedthrough voltage, after the error amplifier within PWM controller, adjusts the dutycycle of switching signal to realize stablizing of charging voltage
Output.The design uses the UC3843 loop Current-type PWM Controller of TI company, hardware designs as it is shown in fig. 7, specific works process such as
Under:
Input signal SFBe input to the feedback input end VFB of PWM controller, and by its internal error amplifier and its
Internal reference voltage compares, and the outfan COMP of amplifier and the input VBF of feedback signal is according to the side shown in Fig. 7
Formula connects, by the dynamic characteristic of resistance R and electric capacity C regulation controller.
The maximum duty cycle of the pulse width signal of output can be by the resistance R of different numerical value from frequencyTWith electric capacity CTCarry out corresponding
Arrange, different value correspondence maximum output duty cycle can be calculated according to formula 1-7.
Wherein VRT/CT(valley)=1.2V, VRT/CT(peak)=2.8V, Vref=5V, Idischg=8.3mA
Output signal frequency is drawn by formula 1-8.
By when feedback signal SFDuring increase, the output signal dutycycle of PWM controller reduces accordingly;Otherwise, work as feedback
Signal SFDuring reduction, the output signal dutycycle of PWM controller increases accordingly.Pass through said process, it is achieved to output voltage with
The dynamic regulation of output electric current so that it is steady operation.