CN106093642A - Capacitance characteristic measuring circuit under a kind of any AC carrier and method thereof - Google Patents

Capacitance characteristic measuring circuit under a kind of any AC carrier and method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106093642A
CN106093642A CN201610405888.6A CN201610405888A CN106093642A CN 106093642 A CN106093642 A CN 106093642A CN 201610405888 A CN201610405888 A CN 201610405888A CN 106093642 A CN106093642 A CN 106093642A
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electric capacity
carrier
inductance
capacitance
measurement
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CN106093642B (en
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陈庆彬
张伟豪
陈为
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Fuzhou University
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Fuzhou University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
    • G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
    • G01R27/26—Measuring inductance or capacitance; Measuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance method; Measuring loss factor; Measuring dielectric constants ; Measuring impedance or related variables
    • G01R27/2605—Measuring capacitance

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Resistance Or Impedance (AREA)

Abstract

nullThe present invention discloses the capacitance characteristic measuring circuit under a kind of any AC carrier and method thereof，Circuit includes any AC carrier、Transformator、Measurement apparatus、First electric capacity、Second electric capacity and identical the first inductance of attribute and the second inductance，Transformator includes the former limit that turn ratio is N:1:1、First secondary and the second secondary，First electric capacity and the second electric capacity are the testing capacitance that attribute is identical，Arbitrarily AC carrier accesses the former limit of transformator，First、The different name end of the second secondary is connected，The Same Name of Ends of the first secondary one end by first inductance connection the first electric capacity，The Same Name of Ends of the second secondary one end by second inductance connection the second electric capacity，First、The other end of the second electric capacity is connected，Connection first respectively of measurement apparatus、One end of second electric capacity，First、The junction point of the second secondary and first、The junction point connection of the second electric capacity.The measuring circuit of the present invention is simple, and without complex calculation, measurement process succinctly facilitates, and measurement error is less.

Description

Capacitance characteristic measuring circuit under a kind of any AC carrier and method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to electronic technology, particularly relate to the capacitance characteristic measuring circuit under a kind of any AC carrier and side thereof Method.
Background technology
Capacitor is one of most basic components and parts in circuit, and under low pressure low frequency, capacitance characteristic is more stable, Ke Yitong Cross and measure its static characteristic (including capacitor's capacity, capacitor equivalent series resistance and capacitor equivalent series inductance etc.) and substantially express it Characteristic.But in high frequency, capacitor will be with increasing of frequency and presents perception, and under certain AC bias, Measured when capacitance characteristic is also from static state is different, and this brings greatly interference and difficulty will to circuit design, EMI design.When The capacitive devices such as preceding switch power supply develops towards high frequency, capacitor play ac filter effect and are widely used, but at high frequency Under AC carrier, the characteristic of capacitor can change so that the capacitance characteristic of static measurement has been out its meaning.So measuring Under current intelligence, especially capacitance characteristic has its necessity under AC bias.
Existing measurement capacitance parameter method is the static characteristic measuring electric capacity with instrument and equipments such as circuit testers, and instrument divides simulation Formula and digital two kinds.
The static characteristic of electric capacity mainly measured by analog instrument by bridge method or the resonance method, and wherein bridge method extensively should For common circuit tester.The numerical value that simulation method records is difficult to reach degree of precision.
Digital instrument is mainly by first adding small-signal source at determinand two ends, then gathers determinand by digital sensor The voltage at body two ends, current signal, can draw the characteristic of this determinand by microprocessor analysis computing.Improve sensor essence Degree, microprocessor AD sampling precision, processor operational precision and rational algorithm all can be effectively improved measuring accuracy.Therefore number Word formula instrument is generally high than analog.The digitized instrument commonly used at present has LCR table, electric impedance analyzer, Network Analyzer Deng.
Above two measuring method does not the most allow the band forceful electric power work of determinand two ends, otherwise may burn instrument and produce serious Consequence, the data that instrument records are the static characteristic of electric capacity, it is impossible to realize electric capacity characteristic under high-voltage alternating carrier case and survey Amount.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that the capacitance characteristic under a kind of any AC carrier is surveyed The circuit of amount and method thereof.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of capacitance characteristic measuring circuit under any AC carrier, it include any AC carrier source, transformator, first Inductance, the second inductance, measurement apparatus, the first electric capacity, the second electric capacity, described transformator includes that former limit, the first secondary and second are secondary Limit, the turn ratio of former limit, the first secondary and the second secondary be N:1:1, N be positive count, described first inductance and the second inductance Attribute identical, the first electric capacity and the second electric capacity are the testing capacitance that attribute is identical, described any AC carrier source access transformation The former limit of device, the different name end of the first secondary and the different name end of the second secondary connect, and the Same Name of Ends of the first secondary passes through the first inductance Connect one end of the first electric capacity, the Same Name of Ends of the second secondary one end by second inductance connection the second electric capacity, the first electric capacity The other end of the other end and the second electric capacity connects, and two measurement terminal correspondences of measurement apparatus connect one end and the of the first electric capacity One end of two electric capacity, the junction point connection of the first secondary and the junction point of the second secondary and the first electric capacity and the second electric capacity.
Described measurement apparatus is made up of high frequency voltage driving source, voltage measuring apparatus and current measuring device, described electric current One end of measurement apparatus connects one end of the first electric capacity and one end of voltage measuring apparatus, and the other end of current measuring device connects One end of high frequency voltage driving source, the other end of high frequency voltage driving source connects one end and the voltage measurement dress of the second electric capacity respectively The other end put.
More than 5 times of the capacitive reactance numerical value that induction reactance numerical value is testing capacitance of described first inductance or the second inductance and the biggest more Good.
Capacitance characteristic measuring method under a kind of any AC carrier, is applied to the electricity under described a kind of any AC carrier Holding characteristic measuring circuit, it comprises the following steps:
Step 1, by any AC carrier source access transformator former limit；
Step 2, impedance curve when utilizing measurement apparatus to obtain the first electric capacity and the second capacitances in series；
Step 3, from impedance curve, choose the point that a measurement frequency is f, total impedance Z recorded according to measurement apparatus, meter Calculate the capacitive reactance Z obtaining testing capacitanceC；
When described measurement apparatus is made up of high frequency voltage driving source, voltage measurement and current measuring device, testing capacitance Capacitive reactanceWherein u (t) is voltage measuring apparatus measurement result, and i (t) is current measuring device measurement result；
Step 4, capacitance C (t) of calculating testing capacitance, the computing formula of instantaneous capacitance C (t) of testing capacitance is as follows:
C ( t ) = 1 j · 2 π f · Im ( Z C ( t ) ) - - - ( 1 )
Wherein, ZCT () is the capacitive reactance of testing capacitance, f is for measuring frequency i.e. high frequency pumping source frequency；
The value of equivalent series resistance ESR is ZCThe real part part of (t),
ESR (t)=Re (ZC(t)) (2)；
Step 5, the formula of combining step 3～4 can draw the concrete parameters that testing capacitance changes with any carrier wave.
The present invention uses above technical scheme, solves capacitor element and is difficult to measure dynamic characteristic under any AC carrier A difficult problem.The measuring circuit of the present invention is simple, and it is two capacitances in series data that rear end uses measurement apparatus to measure the data obtained, does not has Complex calculation, whole measurement process is had succinctly to facilitate.Technical scheme especially transformation under high-frequency ac carrier case It is less that device, the first inductance, the second inductance can do, and measurement error is less.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further details；
Fig. 1 is one of structural representation of capacitance characteristic measuring circuit under a kind of any AC carrier of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the two of the structural representation of the capacitance characteristic measuring circuit under a kind of any AC carrier of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the series model of the testing capacitance of the capacitance characteristic measuring circuit under a kind of any AC carrier of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1: as shown in one of Fig. 1-3, the capacitance characteristic measuring circuit under a kind of any AC carrier of the present invention, its Including any AC carrier source 1, transformator the 2, first inductance the 3, second inductance 4, measurement apparatus the 7, first electric capacity the 5, second electric capacity 6, described transformator 2 includes former limit, the first secondary and the second secondary, former limit, the first secondary and turn ratio N1 of the second secondary: N2:N3=N:1:1, N are positive count, and described first inductance 3 is identical with the attribute of the second inductance 4, the first electric capacity 5 and the second electricity Holding 6 is the testing capacitance that attribute is identical, and the former limit of transformator 2 is accessed in described any AC carrier source 1, the different name end of the first secondary Connecting with the different name end of the second secondary, the Same Name of Ends of the first secondary connects one end of the first electric capacity 5 by the first inductance 3, and second The Same Name of Ends of secondary connects one end of the second electric capacity 6 by the second inductance 4, the other end of the first electric capacity 5 and the second electric capacity 6 another One end connects, and two measurement terminal correspondences of measurement apparatus 7 connect one end and one end of the second electric capacity 6 of the first electric capacity 5, and first The junction point connection of secondary and the junction point of the second secondary and the first electric capacity 5 and the second electric capacity 6.
Described measurement apparatus 7 is made up of high frequency voltage driving source 73, voltage measuring apparatus 72 and current measuring device 71, institute The one end stating current measuring device 71 connects one end and one end of voltage measuring apparatus 72, the current measuring device of the first electric capacity 5 The other end of 71 connects one end of high frequency voltage driving source 73, and the other end of high frequency voltage driving source 73 connects the second electric capacity respectively One end of 6 and the other end of voltage measuring apparatus 72.
More than 5 times of the capacitive reactance numerical value that induction reactance numerical value is testing capacitance of described first inductance 3 or the second inductance 4 and the biggest Measurement error is the least.
Capacitance characteristic measuring method under a kind of any AC carrier, is applied to the electricity under described a kind of any AC carrier Hold characteristic measuring circuit, and described measurement apparatus 7 is by high frequency voltage driving source 73, voltage measuring apparatus 72 and current measuring device The occasions of 71 compositions, it comprises the following steps:
Step 1, any AC carrier source 1 is accessed the former limit of transformator 2；
Step 2, measurement apparatus 7 is utilized to obtain the first electric capacity 5 and impedance curve time the second electric capacity 6 is connected；
Step 3, from impedance curve, choose the point that a measurement frequency is f, total impedance Z recorded according to measurement apparatus 7, meter Calculate the capacitive reactance Z obtaining testing capacitanceC；
When described measurement apparatus is made up of high frequency voltage driving source, voltage measurement and current measuring device, testing capacitance Capacitive reactanceWherein u (t) is voltage measuring apparatus measurement result, and i (t) is current measuring device measurement result；
Step 4, capacitance C (t) of calculating testing capacitance, the computing formula of instantaneous capacitance C (t) of testing capacitance is as follows:
C ( t ) = 1 j · 2 π f · Im ( Z C ( t ) ) - - - ( 1 )
Wherein, ZCT () is the capacitive reactance of testing capacitance, f is for measuring frequency i.e. high frequency pumping source frequency；
The value of equivalent series resistance ESR is ZCThe real part part of (t),
ESR (t)=Re (ZC(t)) (2)；
Step 5, the formula of combining step 3～4 can draw the concrete parameters that testing capacitance changes with any carrier wave.
The present invention uses above technical scheme, solves capacitor element and is difficult to measure dynamic characteristic under any AC carrier A difficult problem.The measuring circuit of the present invention is simple, and it is two capacitances in series data that rear end uses measurement apparatus 7 to measure the data obtained, Complex calculation, whole measurement process is not had succinctly to facilitate.Technical scheme especially becomes under high-frequency ac carrier case It is less that depressor the 2, first inductance the 3, second inductance 4 can do, and measurement error is less.The present embodiment uses above technical scheme, Solve capacitor element under any AC carrier, be difficult to measure a difficult problem for dynamic characteristic.
In sum, the present invention is applicable to any AC carrier source 1 and inputs, and the first electric capacity 5 and the second electric capacity 6 are two genus Property consistent testing capacitance, the typical turn ratio of transformator 2 is N1:N2:N3=N:1:1 (wherein N is the most positive decimal or integer), First inductance 3 is consistent with the second inductance 4 size same alike result, and the induction reactance capacity of the first inductance 3 and the second inductance 4 should be tried one's best greatly, Make the induction reactance of its first inductance 3 and second inductance 4 in high frequency more than testing capacitance capacitive reactance size more than 5 times, for carrier frequency Under rate, its additional impedance is the least, is equivalent to path, improves certainty of measurement.The present invention first measures other device in addition to electric capacity Impedance operator, then by plus impedance under the bias after electric capacity.From the point of view of measurement apparatus 7, so i.e. can be considered open circuit, surveyed The result of amount is not by inductive impact.Under the excitation of any alternating current source, two secondary ends of transformator 2 induce two formed objects But AC carrier in opposite direction, the voltage-phase that wherein one end A of the first electric capacity 5 and one end B of the second electric capacity 6 is induced All consistent, and these A, B two ends are without pressure drop, therefore can be A, B 2 and connect measurement apparatus 7, measurement apparatus 7 is a high frequency pumping Source, voltage measuring apparatus 72, current measuring device 71 series circuit, time sweep is sampled out the first electric capacity 5 and second of series connection Electric capacity 6 both end voltage electric current, voltage shown in voltage measuring apparatus 72 can draw two divided by electric current shown in current measuring device 71 Individual testing capacitance real-time impedance characteristic Z.
The capacitor element that the present invention is directed to be difficult to measure at present feature measurement under AC carrier proposes a kind of new Measuring method, it is possible to effectively prepare to measure the characteristic of the electric capacity under any AC carrier.The measuring circuit of the present invention is simple, rear end Using measurement apparatus 7 to measure the data obtained is two capacitances in series data, does not has complex calculation, whole measurement process succinctly side Just.Technical scheme especially under high-frequency ac carrier case transformator the 2, first inductance the 3, second inductance 4 can do Less, measurement error is less.

Claims (4)

1. the capacitance characteristic measuring method under any AC carrier, it is characterised in that: it includes any AC carrier source, change Depressor, the first inductance, the second inductance, measurement apparatus, the first electric capacity, the second electric capacity, described transformator includes former limit, the first secondary With the second secondary, the turn ratio of former limit, the first secondary and the second secondary be N:1:1, N be positive count, described first inductance and The attribute of the second inductance is identical, and the first electric capacity and the second electric capacity are the testing capacitance that attribute is identical, described any AC carrier source Accessing the former limit of transformator, the different name end of the first secondary and the different name end of the second secondary connect, and the Same Name of Ends of the first secondary passes through One end of first inductance connection the first electric capacity, the Same Name of Ends of the second secondary one end by second inductance connection the second electric capacity, the The other end of one electric capacity and the other end of the second electric capacity connect, and two measurement terminal correspondences of measurement apparatus connect the first electric capacity One end and one end of the second electric capacity, the junction point of the first secondary and the junction point of the second secondary and the first electric capacity and the second electric capacity is even Logical.
A kind of capacitance characteristic measuring circuit under any AC carrier, it is characterised in that: described survey Amount device is made up of high frequency voltage driving source, voltage measuring apparatus and current measuring device, and described current measuring device one end is even Connecing one end of the first electric capacity and one end of voltage measuring apparatus, the other end of current measuring device connects high frequency voltage driving source One end, the other end of high frequency voltage driving source connects one end of the second electric capacity and the other end of voltage measuring apparatus respectively.
A kind of capacitance characteristic measuring circuit under any AC carrier, it is characterised in that: in test Under frequency more than 5 times of the capacitive reactance numerical value that induction reactance numerical value is testing capacitance of described first inductance or the second inductance.
4. the capacitance characteristic measuring method under any AC carrier, is applied to a kind of arbitrarily exchange described in claim 2 Capacitance characteristic measuring circuit under carrier wave, it comprises the following steps:
Step 1, by any AC carrier source access transformator former limit；
Step 2, impedance curve when utilizing measurement apparatus to obtain the first electric capacity and the second capacitances in series；
Step 3, from impedance curve, choose the point that a measurement frequency is f, total impedance Z recorded according to measurement apparatus, calculate Capacitive reactance Z to testing capacitanceC；
When described measurement apparatus is made up of high frequency voltage driving source, voltage measurement and current measuring device, the appearance of testing capacitance Anti-Wherein u (t) is voltage measuring apparatus measurement result, and i (t) is current measuring device measurement result；
Step 4, capacitance C (t) of calculating testing capacitance, the computing formula of instantaneous capacitance C (t) of testing capacitance is as follows:
C ( t ) = 1 j · 2 π f · Im ( Z C ( t ) ) - - - ( 1 )
Wherein, ZCT () is the capacitive reactance of testing capacitance, f is for measuring frequency i.e. high frequency pumping source frequency；
The value of equivalent series resistance ESR is ZCThe real part part of (t),
ESR (t)=Re (ZC(t)) (2)；
Step 5, the formula of combining step 3～4 can draw the concrete parameters that testing capacitance changes with any carrier wave.
CN201610405888.6A 2016-06-08 2016-06-08 Capacitance characteristic measuring circuit and its method under a kind of any AC carrier Expired - Fee Related CN106093642B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113671262A (en) * 2021-10-25 2021-11-19 电子科技大学 Capacitance value measuring method under high-voltage environment

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09145760A (en) * 1995-11-22 1997-06-06 Japan Aviation Electron Ind Ltd Capacitance measuring device
CN201408209Y (en) * 2009-03-03 2010-02-17 厦门红相电力设备股份有限公司 Multiplex type detecting impedance capable of providing base frequency testing voltage and high frequency partial discharge signal outputting simultaneously
CN102393494A (en) * 2011-09-15 2012-03-28 重庆大学 Online measurement method and system for capacity of transformer
CN104101785A (en) * 2013-04-11 2014-10-15 中国计量科学研究院 Four-terminal-method high-value capacitor impedance measuring device and measuring method thereof
CN105548724A (en) * 2015-12-10 2016-05-04 广东新昇电业科技股份有限公司 Test system and method of inductance value of smoothing reactor

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09145760A (en) * 1995-11-22 1997-06-06 Japan Aviation Electron Ind Ltd Capacitance measuring device
CN201408209Y (en) * 2009-03-03 2010-02-17 厦门红相电力设备股份有限公司 Multiplex type detecting impedance capable of providing base frequency testing voltage and high frequency partial discharge signal outputting simultaneously
CN102393494A (en) * 2011-09-15 2012-03-28 重庆大学 Online measurement method and system for capacity of transformer
CN104101785A (en) * 2013-04-11 2014-10-15 中国计量科学研究院 Four-terminal-method high-value capacitor impedance measuring device and measuring method thereof
CN105548724A (en) * 2015-12-10 2016-05-04 广东新昇电业科技股份有限公司 Test system and method of inductance value of smoothing reactor

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113671262A (en) * 2021-10-25 2021-11-19 电子科技大学 Capacitance value measuring method under high-voltage environment

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