CN106082954A - 一种耐水防潮瓷砖及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种耐水防潮瓷砖及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106082954A
CN106082954A CN201610420747.1A CN201610420747A CN106082954A CN 106082954 A CN106082954 A CN 106082954A CN 201610420747 A CN201610420747 A CN 201610420747A CN 106082954 A CN106082954 A CN 106082954A
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郑辉
郭孝建
王俊武
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ANHUI YA'OU CERAMIC Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种耐水防潮瓷砖及其制备方法，其由以下重量份的原料制成：斑马石20‑30、东壁土15‑25、铬矿渣18‑27、六水合六氟硅酸镁5‑10、硬硼钙石17‑26、煤泥14‑22、精炼渣16‑24、尖晶石15‑25、氟石膏11‑19、长石矿尾矿20‑30、海菜粉10‑15、磷灰石19‑28、锂云母渣13‑21、高温活性竹炭粉5‑10。本发明瓷砖中添加了斑马石、东壁土、六水合六氟硅酸镁、海菜粉、高温活性竹炭粉等原料，不仅可以提高瓷砖的耐水性和防潮性，还可以达到抗菌防霉的效果，同时还可以改善瓷砖的耐候性和力学性能。与传统瓷砖相比，本发明瓷砖具有优异的耐水性、防潮性、抗菌性、耐腐蚀性和机械性能。

Description

一种耐水防潮瓷砖及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种瓷砖及其制备方法，具体涉及一种耐水防潮瓷砖及其制备方法。
背景技术
瓷砖是以耐火的金属氧化物及半金属氧化物，经由研磨、混合、压制、烧结等步骤制作而成，是一种常用的建筑装饰材料。由于其具有高强度、高硬度、耐高温、耐腐蚀等优点，被广泛的应用。随着我国建筑行业的快速发展以及人们生活水平的不断提高，人们对瓷砖的性能要求日益苛刻，传统瓷砖的耐水性和防潮性越来越无法满足现有市场的需求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的不足，提供一种耐水防潮瓷砖及其制备方法。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下的技术方案：
一种耐水防潮瓷砖，由以下重量份的原料制成：斑马石20-30、东壁土15-25、铬矿渣18-27、六水合六氟硅酸镁5-10、硬硼钙石17-26、煤泥14-22、精炼渣16-24、尖晶石15-25、氟石膏11-19、长石矿尾矿20-30、海菜粉10-15、磷灰石19-28、锂云母渣13-21、高温活性竹炭粉5-10。
一种耐水防潮瓷砖的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将尖晶石、磷灰石、锂云母渣混合均匀，加入相当于上述混合矿物重量5-8倍量的1.5-2.5mol/L盐酸溶液中，水浴加热至60-70℃，浸泡3-5h，过滤，滤渣洗涤至中性，烘干后送入转锤式矿物纤维粉碎机粉碎，得到初级矿物纤维，然后加入适量的水搅拌制成浓度为45-55％的浆状矿物纤维，在2000-4000r/min的转速下球磨25-45min，再在1000-3000r/min的转速下搅拌20-35min，再在功率为600-900W的超声波下振荡15-35min，再在2000-4000r/min的转速下离心4-9min，静置10-15h，过滤，烘干，得物料A；
(2)将铬矿渣、硬硼钙石、长石矿尾矿混合均匀，加热熔化成熔融液，然后采用压缩空气以300-600m/s的速度喷雾，在喷雾的同时进行风冷，使雾滴的温度降至140℃以下，再经重力收集、旋风收集，得物料B；
(3)将斑马石、东壁土、精炼渣、氟石膏混合均匀，粉碎，过100-200目筛，然后加入六水合六氟硅酸镁、煤泥、海菜粉、高温活性竹炭粉等原料，在1500-2500r/min的转速下球磨15-30min，得物料C；
(4)将上述制得的物料A、物料B、物料C混合，在1000-2000r/min的转速下搅拌5-8min，然后加入相当于混合料重量6-8％的固含量为50％的水玻璃，在1500-2000r/min的转速下搅拌8-16min，静置10-15h后送入到成型机在55-75MPa的压力下压制成型，然后将压制好的砖坯在70-90℃的温度下干燥至含水量低于1％；
(5)将烘干后的砖坯置于微波煅烧炉内进行煅烧：先控制微波功率在850-1050W，煅烧30-50min，再控制微波功率在500-700W，煅烧40-60min；再置于马弗炉内进行煅烧：先以6-9℃/min的速率升温至690-760℃，保温1-2h，再以3-5℃/min的速率升温至1010-1070℃，保温2-3h，然后以1-3℃/min的速率降温至820-880℃，保温1.5-2.5h，再以2-4℃/min的速率降温至460-520℃，保温1-2h，再以4-7℃/min的速率升温至920-990℃，保温1.5-2.5h，随炉冷却至室温，即得成品。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明瓷砖中添加了斑马石、东壁土、六水合六氟硅酸镁、海菜粉、高温活性竹炭粉等原料，不仅可以提高瓷砖的耐水性和防潮性，还可以达到抗菌防霉的效果，同时还可以改善瓷砖的耐候性和力学性能。与传统瓷砖相比，本发明瓷砖具有优异的耐水性、防潮性、抗菌性、耐候性、耐腐蚀性和机械性能。
具体实施方式
一种耐水防潮瓷砖，由以下重量(kg)的原料制成：斑马石25、东壁土20、铬矿渣23、六水合六氟硅酸镁7、硬硼钙石22、煤泥18、精炼渣21、尖晶石20、氟石膏16、长石矿尾矿25、海菜粉13、磷灰石23、锂云母渣17、高温活性竹炭粉8。
一种耐水防潮瓷砖的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将尖晶石、磷灰石、锂云母渣混合均匀，加入相当于上述混合矿物重量7倍量的2mol/L盐酸溶液中，水浴加热至65℃，浸泡4h，过滤，滤渣洗涤至中性，烘干后送入转锤式矿物纤维粉碎机粉碎，得到初级矿物纤维，然后加入适量的水搅拌制成浓度为50％的浆状矿物纤维，在3000r/min的转速下球磨35min，再在2000r/min的转速下搅拌30min，再在功率为800W的超声波下振荡20min，再在3000r/min的转速下离心6min，静置12h，过滤，烘干，得物料A；
(2)将铬矿渣、硬硼钙石、长石矿尾矿混合均匀，加热熔化成熔融液，然后采用压缩空气以450m/s的速度喷雾，在喷雾的同时进行风冷，使雾滴的温度降至140℃以下，再经重力收集、旋风收集，得物料B；
(3)将斑马石、东壁土、精炼渣、氟石膏混合均匀，粉碎，过150目筛，然后加入六水合六氟硅酸镁、煤泥、海菜粉、高温活性竹炭粉等原料，在2000r/min的转速下球磨250min，得物料C；
(4)将上述制得的物料A、物料B、物料C混合，在1500r/min的转速下搅拌6min，然后加入相当于混合料重量7％的固含量为50％的水玻璃，在1800r/min的转速下搅拌12min，静置13h后送入到成型机在65MPa的压力下压制成型，然后将压制好的砖坯在80℃的温度下干燥至含水量低于1％；
(5)将烘干后的砖坯置于微波煅烧炉内进行煅烧：先控制微波功率在950W，煅烧40min，再控制微波功率在600W，煅烧50min；再置于马弗炉内进行煅烧：先以7℃/min的速率升温至730℃，保温1.5h，再以4℃/min的速率升温至1040℃，保温2.5h，然后以2℃/min的速率降温至860℃，保温2h，再以3℃/min的速率降温至500℃，保温1.5h，再以6℃/min的速率升温至960℃，保温2h，随炉冷却至室温，即得成品。
上述实施例生产出来的瓷砖的性能检测结果如下表所示：
项目 单位 检测结果
破坏强度 N 2064
断裂模数 MPa 34
吸水率 ％ 0.17
热膨胀系数 m/m·k 6.8×10-6
抑菌率 ％ 99.2

Claims (2)

1.一种耐水防潮瓷砖，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制成：斑马石20-30、东壁土15-25、铬矿渣18-27、六水合六氟硅酸镁5-10、硬硼钙石17-26、煤泥 14-22、精炼渣16-24、尖晶石15-25、氟石膏11-19、长石矿尾矿20-30、海菜粉10-15、磷灰石19-28、锂云母渣13-21、高温活性竹炭粉5-10。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的耐水防潮瓷砖的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）将尖晶石、磷灰石、锂云母渣混合均匀，加入相当于上述混合矿物重量5-8倍量的1.5-2.5mol/L盐酸溶液中，水浴加热至60-70℃，浸泡3-5h，过滤，滤渣洗涤至中性，烘干后送入转锤式矿物纤维粉碎机粉碎，得到初级矿物纤维，然后加入适量的水搅拌制成浓度为45-55%的浆状矿物纤维，在2000-4000r/min的转速下球磨25-45min，再在1000-3000r/min的转速下搅拌20-35min，再在功率为600-900W的超声波下振荡15-35min，再在2000-4000r/min的转速下离心4-9min，静置10-15h，过滤，烘干，得物料A；
（2）将铬矿渣、硬硼钙石、长石矿尾矿混合均匀，加热熔化成熔融液，然后采用压缩空气以300-600m/s的速度喷雾，在喷雾的同时进行风冷，使雾滴的温度降至140℃以下，再经重力收集、旋风收集，得物料B；
（3）将斑马石、东壁土、精炼渣、氟石膏混合均匀，粉碎，过100-200目筛，然后加入六水合六氟硅酸镁、煤泥、海菜粉、高温活性竹炭粉等原料，在1500-2500r/min的转速下球磨15-30min，得物料C；
（4）将上述制得的物料A、物料B、物料C混合，在1000-2000r/min的转速下搅拌5-8min，然后加入相当于混合料重量6-8%的固含量为50%的水玻璃，在1500-2000r/min的转速下搅拌8-16min，静置10-15h后送入到成型机在55-75MPa的压力下压制成型，然后将压制好的砖坯在70-90℃的温度下干燥至含水量低于1%；
（5）将烘干后的砖坯置于微波煅烧炉内进行煅烧：先控制微波功率在850-1050W，煅烧30-50min，再控制微波功率在500-700W，煅烧40-60min；再置于马弗炉内进行煅烧：先以6-9℃/min的速率升温至690-760℃，保温1-2h，再以3-5℃/min的速率升温至1010-1070℃，保温2-3h，然后以1-3℃/min的速率降温至820-880℃，保温1.5-2.5h，再以2-4℃/min的速率降温至460-520℃，保温1-2h，再以4-7℃/min的速率升温至920-990℃，保温1.5-2.5h，随炉冷却至室温，即得成品。
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