CN106076118A - Tritium pollutes metal decontamination purification and tritium recovery system - Google Patents
Tritium pollutes metal decontamination purification and tritium recovery system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106076118A CN106076118A CN201610699958.3A CN201610699958A CN106076118A CN 106076118 A CN106076118 A CN 106076118A CN 201610699958 A CN201610699958 A CN 201610699958A CN 106076118 A CN106076118 A CN 106076118A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D59/00—Separation of different isotopes of the same chemical element
- B01D59/02—Separation by phase transition
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D59/00—Separation of different isotopes of the same chemical element
- B01D59/22—Separation by extracting
- B01D59/26—Separation by extracting by sorption, i.e. absorption, adsorption, persorption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
- B08B7/0064—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by temperature changes
- B08B7/0071—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by temperature changes by heating
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of tritium and pollute metal decontamination purification and tritium recovery system, by to adding in thermal analysis apparatus while METAL HEATING PROCESS to be decontaminated, it is passed through gas and swaps carrier band, according to polluting, metal adheres to greasy dirt to the tritium mixed tail gas that decontamination produces, tritium pollution level difference carries out different disposal, it is achieved the adsorption cleaning qualified discharge of decontamination tritium mixed tail gas or recycling；Present invention achieves tritium and pollute the fast decontaminating of metal, meet tritium pollute the pollution degradation of metal or recover to re-use function, solve system pipeline by three-stage filtration absorption and be prone to blockage problem, it is simultaneously achieved the Recovery Purifying recycling of high activity concentration tritium, reduces absorption dosage and the environmental emission amount of tritium technique field personnel；It is applicable to tritium produced by the fields such as nuclear power station, tritium target production, neutron generator production, the elimination of nuclear facilities and fusion energy resource research and pollutes decontamination purification and the recovery of tritium of metal.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to radiation protection and environmental protection technical field, be specifically related to a kind of tritium pollute metal decontamination purify and
Tritium recovery system.
Background technology
The facility relating to tritium operation both at home and abroad all can produce a certain amount of tritium pollution metal, such as stainless steel tubing, valve
Deng.At present, the universal processing method that tritium pollutes metal both at home and abroad is first decontamination, carries out object again according to the measurement result of decontamination
Classification process or recycling.It is contemplated that tritium is important strategic resource, need to carry out the separation and recovery of tritium.Additionally, due to
Tritium mainly exists with the form of tritiated water and tritium gas in atmosphere, under room temperature, normal pressure, normal humidity, and meeting in about about 60 days
There is half HT to be converted into HTO, and the inhalation hazard of HTO is the 1.0 × 10 of gaseous state tritium4Times, HTO can also be entered by skin absorption
Internal.Therefore radiological hazard based on HT and HTO and strategic significance, in radiation protection, tritium pollutes metal fast decontaminating
Purification separation recycles and is increasingly subject to pay attention to.
At present, the fast decontaminating method for tritium pollution metal surface is mainly wiping decontamination, i.e. by dipping the third of 1:3
Triol/dehydrated alcohol mixed solution carries out wiping to contaminated surface.This decontamination method existing problems are through surface wipes decontamination
The surface contamination of rear tritium can raise over time, when especially tritium pollutes metallic pollution long pollution level standing time height, and wiping
Decontamination can only remove partial contamination, it is impossible to realizes high efficiency decontamination.
It is the metal to various pollutions, ceramic component and stone that tritium both domestic and external pollute heating Study on decontamination report to show to heat
The tritium of ink brick removes most effective means.The common operating temperature ratings of heating furnace is 350 DEG C～500 DEG C.Tritium heating furnace decontamination system
System is the most like a bomb for little element surface and the removal of near surface tritium.Princeton University's plasma physics laboratory
(PPPL) " Oxidative Tritium Decontamination System " the heated oxide decontamination system invented, using should
Decontamination system carries out the checking test of decontamination routinely and records the decontamination factor (DF) of tritium more than 100, it is achieved that high detersive efficiency,
But its decontamination process not considering, the Recovery Purifying of tritium utilizes.And in actual applications, on the one hand the pollution metal of decontamination is often
Can evaporate along with heating with other surface contamination such as greasy dirt, paint and the most gradually deposit and block pipeline,
To consider during still further aspect tritium activity concentration height to recycle.Therefore, actual decontamination need the separation absorption considering tritium clean
Change, to avoid system pipeline to block, and on-line monitoring, it is achieved the recycling of tritium and qualified discharge.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of tritium and pollutes metal decontamination purification and tritium recovery system.
The tritium of the present invention pollutes metal decontamination purification and tritium recovery system, is characterized in: described tritium pollutes metal decontamination
Purify and the gas introducing apparatus of tritium recovery system, add thermal analysis apparatus, on-line measurement device I, pneumatic operated valve IV, air pump I, urge
Change oxidator, molecular sieve collection device, pneumatic operated valve I, air pump II, pneumatic operated valve II, on-line measurement device II, pneumatic operated valve III, tail
Gas discharge tube is linked in sequence by pipeline；
Described pneumatic operated valve IV is threeway, and entrance is on-line measurement device I, and a road of outlet is connected with air pump I, outlet another
One tunnel is linked in sequence by pipeline with adsorption filter, filter separator, adsorption filtration bed, pneumatic operated valve V, gas collector；
Described pneumatic operated valve V is threeway, and entrance is adsorption filtration bed, and a road of outlet is connected with gas collector, outlet
Another road is connected with air pump I；
Described pneumatic operated valve III is threeway, and entrance is on-line measurement device II (9), a road of outlet and exhaust emission pipeline phase
Even, another road of outlet is connected with catalytic oxidizer；
The A work process that described tritium pollutes metal decontamination purification and tritium recovery system is as follows:
A1. heating tritium in tritium adds thermal analysis apparatus and pollute metal, tritium pollutes the pollutant of metal surface and is gasificated into gas I；
A2. in gas introducing apparatus, it is passed through gas II；
A3. the mixed gas I of gas I and gas II enters on-line measurement device I, and on-line measurement device I measures mixed gas I
The concentration of middle tritium, concentration≤10 of tritium9During Bq/L, air pump I drives the mixed gas of gas I and gas II to enter catalysis oxidation
Device, molecular sieve collection device, pneumatic operated valve I, air pump II, pneumatic operated valve II carry out purified treatment, obtain mixed gas II；
A4. on-line measurement device II measures the tritium concentration of mixed gas II, tritium concentration≤107During Bq/L, mixed gas II is discharged
To air；Tritium ＞ 107Bq/L, mixed gas II enters catalytic oxidizer, molecular sieve collection device, pneumatic by pneumatic operated valve III
Valve I, air pump II, pneumatic operated valve II, on-line measurement device II repetitive decontamination process until tritium concentration in mixed gas II≤
107It is emitted in air during Bq/L；
The B work process that described tritium pollutes metal decontamination purification and tritium recovery system is as follows:
B1. when tritium pollutes metal surface attachment greasy dirt, paint, heating tritium and pollute metal in tritium adds thermal analysis apparatus, tritium is dirty
The pollutant of dye metal surface are gasificated into gas I；
B2. in gas introducing apparatus, it is passed through gas II；
B3. mixed gas I order of gas I and gas II enters on-line measurement device I, and on-line measurement device I measures gaseous mixture
The concentration of tritium in body I, concentration≤10 of tritium9During Bq/L, mixed gas I enters pneumatic operated valve IV, opens pneumatic operated valve IV simultaneously and inhales
The outlet of the outlet of attached filter and adsorption filtration bed and air pump I, mixed gas I is through adsorption filter, filter separator, suction
Attached filter bed, pneumatic operated valve V enter air pump I, catalytic oxidizer, molecular sieve collection device, pneumatic operated valve I, air pump II, pneumatic
Valve II carries out purified treatment, obtains mixed gas II；
B4. on-line measurement device II measures the tritium concentration of mixed gas II, tritium concentration≤107During Bq/L, mixed gas II is discharged
To air；Tritium ＞ 107Bq/L, mixed gas II enters catalytic oxidizer, molecular sieve collection device, pneumatic by pneumatic operated valve III
Valve I, air pump II, pneumatic operated valve II, on-line measurement device II repetitive decontamination process until tritium concentration in mixed gas II≤
107It is emitted in air during Bq/L；
The C work process that described tritium pollutes metal decontamination purification and tritium recovery system is as follows:
C1. heating tritium in tritium adds thermal analysis apparatus and pollute metal, tritium pollutes the pollutant of metal surface and is gasificated into gas I；
C2. in gas introducing apparatus, it is passed through gas II；
C3. mixed gas I order of gas I and gas II enters on-line measurement device I, and on-line measurement device I measures gaseous mixture
The concentration of tritium in body I, concentration ＞ 10 of tritium9During Bq/L, mixed gas I enters pneumatic operated valve IV, opens pneumatic operated valve IV simultaneously and inhales
The outlet of attached filter and adsorption filtration bed and the outlet of gas collector, collect mixed gas I in gas collector.
Described adds connection light source introducing device on thermal analysis apparatus, light source introducing device emitting ultraviolet light or laser, leads to
Cross add thermal analysis apparatus surface install optical windshield irradiate add in thermal analysis apparatus place tritium pollute metal.
Described molecular sieve collection device, for sealing container, places hydrophilic molecule sieve in container.
Stainless steel pipes is used to connect between described adsorption filter, filter separator, adsorption filtration bed.
Ionization chamber in described on-line measurement device I and on-line measurement device II is that flow gas surveys tritium ionization chamber.
The one of described gas introducing apparatus is gas cylinder, introduces air, argon, ozone, hydrogen in gas cylinder
Or the one in humidifying air, the another kind of described gas introducing apparatus is gas generating unit, and gas generating unit produces
One in ozone, hydrogen or humidifying air.
Described catalytic oxidizer is the catalytic reactor of filling Pt inorganic hydrophobic catalyst, and described Pt inorganic hydrophobic is urged
Agent is the aluminium oxide catalyst containing Pt >=1.0%.
Described pipeline is EP grade stainless steel pipeline.
The tritium of the present invention pollutes metal decontamination purification and tritium recovery system, by adding metal to be decontaminated in thermal analysis apparatus
While heating, being passed through gas and swap carrier band, the tritium mixed tail gas that decontamination produces is according to polluting metal attachment greasy dirt, tritium dirt
Dye degree difference carries out different disposal, it is achieved the adsorption cleaning qualified discharge of tritium mixed tail gas or recycling；The present invention is real
Show tritium and polluted the fast decontaminating of metal, met tritium and pollute the pollution degradation of metal or recover to re-use function, by three grades of mistakes
Filter absorption solves pipeline and is prone to blockage problem, is simultaneously achieved the Recovery Purifying recycling of high activity concentration tritium, it is adaptable to core
Tritium produced by the fields such as power station, tritium target produce, neutron generator production, the elimination of nuclear facilities and fusion energy resource research pollutes metal
Decontamination purification and the recovery of tritium.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that tritium pollutes metal decontamination purification and tritium recovery system schematic diagram；
In figure, 1. add thermal analysis apparatus 2. on-line measurement device I 3. air pump I 4. catalytic oxidizer 5. molecular sieve and collect dress
Put 6. pneumatic operated valve I 7. air pump II 8. pneumatic operated valve II 9. on-line measurement device II 10. pneumatic operated valve III 11. collection and confinement of gases dresses
Put 12. filter separator 13. adsorption filter 14. adsorption filtration bed 15. exhaust emission pipeline 16. gas introducing apparatus
17. light source introducing device 18 pneumatic operated valve IV 19 pneumatic operated valves V.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is described in further detail.
As it is shown in figure 1, the tritium of the present invention pollutes metal decontamination purification and the gas introducing apparatus 16 of tritium recovery system, heating
Resolver 1, on-line measurement device I 2, pneumatic operated valve IV 18, air pump I 3, catalytic oxidizer 4, molecular sieve collection device 5, pneumatic
Valve I 6, air pump II 7, pneumatic operated valve II 8, on-line measurement device II 9, pneumatic operated valve III 10, exhaust emission pipeline 15 are suitable by pipeline
Sequence connects；
Described pneumatic operated valve IV 18 is threeway, and entrance is on-line measurement device I, and a road of outlet is connected with air pump I 3, outlet
Another road and adsorption filter 13, filter separator 12, adsorption filtration bed 14, pneumatic operated valve V 19, gas collector 11 lead to
Piping is linked in sequence；
Described pneumatic operated valve V 19 is threeway, entrance be entrance be adsorption filtration bed, a road of outlet and gas collector 11
Being connected, another road of outlet is connected with air pump I 3；
Described pneumatic operated valve III 10 is threeway, and entrance is on-line measurement device II 9, a road of outlet and exhaust emission pipeline 15 phase
Even, another road of outlet is connected with catalytic oxidizer 4；
The A work process that described tritium pollutes metal decontamination purification and tritium recovery system is as follows:
A1. heating tritium in tritium adds thermal analysis apparatus 1 and pollute metal, tritium pollutes the pollutant of metal surface and is gasificated into gas I；
A2. in gas introducing apparatus 16, it is passed through gas II；
A3. the mixed gas I of gas I and gas II enters on-line measurement device I 2, and on-line measurement device I 2 measures mixed gas
The concentration of tritium in I, concentration≤10 of tritium9During Bq/L, air pump I 3 drives the mixed gas of gas I and gas II to enter catalysis oxygen
Change device 4, molecular sieve collection device 5, pneumatic operated valve I 6, air pump II 7, pneumatic operated valve II 8 carry out purified treatment, obtain mixed gas
Ⅱ；
A4. on-line measurement device II 9 measures the tritium concentration of mixed gas II, tritium concentration≤107During Bq/L, mixed gas II row
Put to air；Concentration ＞ 10 of tritium7During Bq/L, mixed gas II enters catalytic oxidizer 4, molecular sieve by pneumatic operated valve III 10
Collection device 5, pneumatic operated valve I 6, air pump II 7, pneumatic operated valve II 8, on-line measurement device II 9 repetitive decontamination process until gaseous mixture
Tritium concentration≤10 in body II7It is emitted in air during Bq/L；
The B work process that described tritium pollutes metal decontamination purification and tritium recovery system is as follows:
B1. when tritium pollution metal surface attachment greasy dirt etc., heating tritium and pollute metal in tritium adds thermal analysis apparatus 1, tritium pollutes
The pollutant of metal surface are gasificated into gas I；
B2. in gas introducing apparatus 16, it is passed through gas II；
B3. mixed gas I order of gas I and gas II enters on-line measurement device I 2, and on-line measurement device I 2 measures mixing
The concentration of tritium in gas I, concentration≤10 of tritium9During Bq/L, mixed gas I enters pneumatic operated valve IV 18, opens pneumatic operated valve IV simultaneously
18 with the outlet of the outlet of adsorption filter 13 and adsorption filtration bed 14 with air pump I 3, mixed gas I through adsorption filter 13,
Filter separator 12, adsorption filtration bed 14, pneumatic operated valve V 19 enter air pump I 3, catalytic oxidizer 4, molecular sieve collection device 5,
Pneumatic operated valve I 6, air pump II 7, pneumatic operated valve II 8 carry out purified treatment, obtain mixed gas II；
B4. on-line measurement device II 9 measures the tritium concentration of mixed gas II, activity concentration≤10 of tritium7During Bq/L, mixed gas
II is emitted in air；The activity concentration ＞ 10 of tritium7Bq/L, mixed gas II by pneumatic operated valve III 10 enter catalytic oxidizer 4,
Molecular sieve collection device 5, pneumatic operated valve I 6, air pump II 7, pneumatic operated valve II 8, on-line measurement device II 9 repetitive decontamination process until
Activity concentration≤10 of the tritium in mixed gas II7It is emitted in air during Bq/L；
The C work process that described tritium pollutes metal decontamination purification and tritium recovery system is as follows:
C1. heating tritium in tritium adds thermal analysis apparatus 1 and pollute metal, tritium pollutes the pollutant of metal surface and is gasificated into gas I；
C2. in gas introducing apparatus 16, it is passed through gas II；
C3. mixed gas I order of gas I and gas II enters on-line measurement device I 2, and on-line measurement device I 2 measures mixing
The concentration of tritium in gas I, the activity concentration ＞ 10 of tritium9During Bq/L, mixed gas I enters pneumatic operated valve IV 18, opens pneumatic simultaneously
The outlet of the outlet of valve IV 18 and adsorption filter 13 and adsorption filtration bed 14 and gas collector 11, at gas collector
Mixed gas I is collected in 11.
Described adds connection light source introducing device 17 on thermal analysis apparatus 1, light source introducing device 17 emitting ultraviolet light or sharp
Light, the tritium pollution metal placed in thermal analysis apparatus 1 by adding the optical windshield irradiation installed on thermal analysis apparatus 1 surface to add.
Described molecular sieve collection device 5, for sealing container, places hydrophilic molecule sieve in container.
Stainless steel pipes is used to connect between described adsorption filter 13, filter separator 12, adsorption filtration bed 14.
Ionization chamber in described on-line measurement device I 2 and on-line measurement device II 9 is that flow gas surveys tritium ionization chamber.
The one of described gas introducing apparatus 16 is gas cylinder, introduces air, argon, ozone, hydrogen in gas cylinder
One in gas or humidifying air, the another kind of described gas introducing apparatus 16 is gas generating unit, gas generating unit
Produce the one in ozone, hydrogen or humidifying air.
Described catalytic oxidizer 4 is the catalytic reactor of filling Pt inorganic hydrophobic catalyst, and the Pt loaded is inorganic thin
Water catalyst is the aluminium oxide catalyst containing Pt >=1.0%.
Described pipeline is EP grade stainless steel pipeline.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned detailed description of the invention, person of ordinary skill in the field from above-mentioned design,
Without performing creative labour, done all conversion, within all falling within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a tritium pollutes metal decontamination purification and tritium recovery system, it is characterised in that: described tritium pollutes metal decontamination and purifies
And the gas introducing apparatus (16) of tritium recovery system, add thermal analysis apparatus (1), on-line measurement device I (2), pneumatic operated valve IV
(18), air pump I (3), catalytic oxidizer (4), molecular sieve collection device (5), pneumatic operated valve I (6), air pump II (7), pneumatic operated valve
II (8), on-line measurement device II (9), pneumatic operated valve III (10), exhaust emission pipeline (15) are linked in sequence by pipeline；
Pneumatic operated valve IV (18) is threeway, and entrance is on-line measurement device I (2), and a road of outlet is connected with air pump I (3), outlet
Another road and adsorption filter (13), filter separator (12), adsorption filtration bed (14), pneumatic operated valve V (19), collection and confinement of gases
Device (11) is linked in sequence by pipeline；
Pneumatic operated valve V (19) is threeway, and entrance is adsorption filtration bed (14), and a road of outlet is connected with gas collector (11),
Another road of outlet is connected with air pump I (3)；
Pneumatic operated valve III (10) is threeway, and entrance is on-line measurement device II (9), a road of outlet and exhaust emission pipeline (15) phase
Even, another road of outlet is connected with catalytic oxidizer (4).
Tritium the most according to claim 1 pollutes metal decontamination purification and tritium recovery system, it is characterised in that: described heating
Resolver (1) is upper connects light source introducing device (17), and light source introducing device (17) emitting ultraviolet light or laser, by adding pyrolysis
The optical windshield that analysis apparatus (1) surface is installed irradiates and adds the tritium pollution metal placed in thermal analysis apparatus (1).
Tritium the most according to claim 1 pollutes metal decontamination purification and tritium recovery system, it is characterised in that: described molecule
Sieve collection device (5), for sealing container, places hydrophilic molecule sieve in container.
Tritium the most according to claim 1 pollutes metal decontamination purification and tritium recovery system, it is characterised in that: described absorption
Stainless steel pipes is used to connect between filter (13), filter separator (12), adsorption filtration bed (14).
Tritium the most according to claim 1 pollutes metal decontamination purification and tritium recovery system, it is characterised in that: described is online
Ionization chamber in measurement apparatus I (2) and on-line measurement device II (9) is that flow gas surveys tritium ionization chamber.
Tritium the most according to claim 1 pollutes metal decontamination purification and tritium recovery system, it is characterised in that: described gas
The one of introducing device (16) is gas cylinder, introduces in air, argon, ozone, hydrogen or humidifying air in gas cylinder
One, the another kind of described gas introducing apparatus (16) is gas generating unit, gas generating unit produce ozone, hydrogen or
One in humidifying air.
Tritium the most according to claim 1 pollutes metal decontamination purification and tritium recovery system, it is characterised in that: described catalysis
Oxidator is the catalytic reactor of filling Pt inorganic hydrophobic catalyst, and described Pt inorganic hydrophobic catalyst is containing Pt >=1.0%
Aluminium oxide catalyst.
Tritium the most according to claim 1 pollutes metal decontamination purification and tritium recovery system, it is characterised in that: connecting pipeline is
EP grade stainless steel pipeline.
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| CN201610699958.3A CN106076118B (en) | 2016-08-23 | 2016-08-23 | Tritium pollutes metal decontamination purification and tritium recovery system |
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| CN201610699958.3A CN106076118B (en) | 2016-08-23 | 2016-08-23 | Tritium pollutes metal decontamination purification and tritium recovery system |
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| CN108492901A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-09-04 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | A kind of soft waste ozone Oxidation Treatment system of tritium pollution |
| CN112117020A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-12-22 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | Method for treating tritium water by photo-thermal concerted catalysis |
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| CN106944419A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-07-14 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | A kind of plasma decontamination system of removal surface tritium pollution |
| CN107274950A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-10-20 | 中广核久源（成都）科技有限公司 | It is a kind of to be used to handle the purifier that neutron imaging instrument produces tritium gas |
| CN108492901A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-09-04 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | A kind of soft waste ozone Oxidation Treatment system of tritium pollution |
| CN112117020A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-12-22 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | Method for treating tritium water by photo-thermal concerted catalysis |
| CN112117020B (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2022-11-22 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | Method for treating tritium water by photo-thermal concerted catalysis |
| CN112489847A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-12 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | Activated graphite volume reduction treatment method |
| CN112489847B (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2023-05-05 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | Activated graphite volume reduction treatment method |
| CN114171233A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-03-11 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | Reactor on-line tritium production and tritium recovery device |
| CN114171233B (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2024-06-04 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | Online tritium production and tritium recovery device for reactor |
| CN115382389A (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2022-11-25 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Tail gas treatment method and system |
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