CN106071568A - 一种以花生为载体培育灵芝生物型饮品 - Google Patents
一种以花生为载体培育灵芝生物型饮品 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106071568A CN106071568A CN201610484405.6A CN201610484405A CN106071568A CN 106071568 A CN106071568 A CN 106071568A CN 201610484405 A CN201610484405 A CN 201610484405A CN 106071568 A CN106071568 A CN 106071568A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
Abstract
一种以花生为载体培育灵芝生物型饮品，是用花生浆汁作为一种液体培养基，将花生浆汁培养基灭菌后接入灵芝菌种，接着培育至花生浆汁培养基长满灵芝菌丝或菌球得花生灵芝生物饮品。通过实施本发明，将花生和灵芝菌有机结合起来，具有花生的营养成分，同时也还有灵芝的营养成分。饮品有浓郁的花生味，而且清澈透明，清澈的液体中带有黄色的菌丝或菌球，花生和灵芝对人体疾病都具有显著的保健功效，二者合二为一后，其功效再相辅相成，而形成的花生灵芝液体菌种饮品其保健功效更为彰显。通过实施本发明，最终产品——花生灵芝液体菌种饮品的生产制备工艺，具有培育周期短、生产制备工艺简单、产品的生产效率高及稳定等特点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于微生物技术领域，具体涉及到一种以花生为载体培育灵芝生物型饮品。
背景技术
花生被人们誉为“植物肉”，含油量高达50%，品质优良，气味清香。花生果具有很高的营养价值，内含丰富的脂肪和蛋白质。据测定花生果内脂肪含量为44%-45%，蛋白质含量为24-36%，含糖量为20%左右。花生中还含有丰富的维生素B2.PP、A、D、E，钙和铁等。并含有硫胺素、核黄素、尼克酸等多种维生素。矿物质含量也很丰富，特别是含有人体必须的氨基酸，有促进脑细胞发育，增强记忆的功能。
现代科技的研究，花生中的维生素K有止血作用。花生红衣的止血作用比花生更高出50倍，对多种出血性疾病都有良好的止血功效。
花生含有维生素E和一定量的锌，能增强记忆，抗老化，延缓脑功能衰退，滋润皮肤。
花生含有的维生素C有降低胆固醇的作用，有助于防治动脉硬化、高血压和冠心病。
花生中的微量元素硒和另一种生物活性物质白藜芦醇可以防治肿瘤类疾病，同时也是降低血小板聚集，预防和治疗动脉粥样硬化、心脑血管疾病的化学预防剂。
花生还有扶正补虚、悦脾和胃、润肺化痰、滋养调气、利水消肿、止血生乳、清咽止疟的作用。
花生花生作为老百姓喜爱的传统食品之一，自古以来就有“长生果”的美誉。民谚道：“常吃花生能养生”，研究发现，其具有一定的药用价值和保健功能。
（1）降低胆固醇：花生油中含有大量的亚油酸，这种物质可使人体内胆固醇分解为胆汁酸排出体外，避免胆固醇在体内沉积，减少因胆固醇在人体中超过正常值而引发多种心脑血管疾病的发生率。
（2）延缓人体衰老：花生中的锌元素含量普遍高于其他油料作物。锌能促进儿童大脑发育，有增强大脑的记忆功能，可激活中老年人脑细胞，有效地延缓人体过早衰老，具有抗老化作用。
（3）促进儿童骨骼发育：花生含钙量丰富，可以促进儿童骨骼发育，并有防止老年人骨骼退行性病变发生。花生中含有丰富的脂肪油和蛋白质，对产后乳汁不足者有养血通乳作用。
（4）预防肿瘤：花生、花生油中含有一种生物活性很强的天然多酚类物质——白藜芦醇。它是肿瘤疾病的天然化学预防剂，同时还能降低血小板聚集，预防和治疗动脉粥样硬化、心脑血管疾病。而白藜芦醇被列为最有效的抗衰老物质之一。而富含白藜芦醇的花生、花生油等相关花生制品将会对饮食与健康发挥更大的作用。
（5）凝血止血：花生衣中含有油脂和多种维生素，并含有使凝血时间缩短的物质，能对抗纤维蛋白的溶解，有促进骨髓制造血小板的功能，对多种出血性疾病，不但有止血的作用，而且对原发病有一定的治疗作用，对人体造血功能有益。
（6）滋血通乳：花生中含丰富的脂肪油和蛋白质，对产后乳汁不足者，有滋补气血，养血通乳作用。
（7）促进发育：花生中钙含量极高，钙是构成人体骨骼的主要成分，故多食花生，可以促进人体的生长发育。
（8）增强记忆：花生富含卵磷脂和脑磷脂，它是神经***所需要的重要物质，能延缓脑功能衰退，抑制血小板凝集，防止脑血栓形成。
目前，花生除了榨油及供人食用外，还加工成为花生奶、花生饮品等。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是提供全新的一种以花生为载体培育灵芝生物型饮品。具体包括：该饮品是用花生浆汁作为一种液体培养基，将花生浆汁培养基灭菌后接入灵芝菌种，接着培育至花生浆汁培养基长满灵芝菌丝或菌球得花生灵芝生物饮品。
所述的灵芝，是祖国中医药宝库中的珍品，素有"仙草"之美誉。古今药理与临床研究均证明，灵芝确有防病治病、延年益寿之功效。东汉时期的《神农本草经》、明代著名医药学家李时珍的《本草纲目》，都对灵芝的功效有详细并极为肯定的记载。现代药理学与临床实践进一步证实了灵芝的药理作用，并证实灵芝多糖是灵芝扶正固本、滋补强壮、延年益寿的主要成分。现在，灵芝作为药物已正式被国家药典收载，同时它又是国家批准的新资源食品，无毒副作用，可以药食两用。
科学研究表明，灵芝的药理成分非常丰富，其中有效成份可分为十大类，包括灵芝多糖、灵芝多肽、三萜类、16种氨基酸（其中含有七种人体必需氨基酸）、蛋白质、甾类、甘露醇、香豆精苷、生物碱、有机酸（主含延胡索酸），以及微量元素Ge、P、Fe、Ca、Mn、Zn、等。灵芝对人体具有双向调节作用，所治病种，涉及心脑血管、消化、神经、内分泌、呼吸、运动等各个***，尤其对肿瘤、肝脏病变、失眠以及衰老的防治作用十分显著。
随着灵芝的药用价值被人们广泛认识，今深山老林的野生灵芝资源也在不断的减少。目前，市场上的灵芝产品大多采用人工栽培，通过人工培养的灵芝子实体其品形态跟天然的有变异，但其疗效是相同的。但人工栽培的缺点就是在栽培过程中不可避免的要用到农药与化学方法来培育菌种，栽培管理过程中要用到农药来控制病菌虫害的控制等等，给灵芝子实体带来实际性的化学污染。然而，化学污染往往是人类各种疾病的源泉。另外，灵芝的生物转化率一直都很低，但人工栽培灵芝的周期长，加上生产工艺及管理过程复杂且繁琐使生产成本过高低导致效益低下。
随着技术研究不断的深入，通过生物深层发酵技术获得了全新的灵芝产品——灵芝菌丝体。灵芝菌丝体是由灵芝孢子萌发形成菌丝，而灵芝子实体是通过菌丝不断地分解，吸收养份，在合适的光照，空气，温度等其它条件配合时形成的。子实体成熟后弹射孢子粉，也就形成了灵芝的生活史，灵芝子实体所需要的构成物质，有一半以上的营养物质来源于菌丝体中的贮存养份。经过相关部门检测：灵芝菌粉具有灵芝相同的有效成分，其中粗多糖及灵芝多糖和蛋白质的含量远远高于天然灵芝。所开发出来的菌丝体产品用于失眠健忘、身体虚弱、神经衰弱等作用效果和破壁灵芝孢子粉差不多；对于治疗高血压、冠心病、糖尿病、癌症、有显著效果，所以灵芝菌丝体被冠名为“健康长寿食品”。
用生物深层发酵技术来生产灵芝菌丝体，其生产周期短、工艺简单、生产效率高、稳定等特点，是人工培养灵芝产品的主要发展方向。目前生产灵芝菌丝体所用的原料主要粮食的副产物或植物淀粉、大米粉、玉米粉、黄豆粉等，并在上述原料基础上添加些矿物元素为碳、氮源，菌丝体培育出来后再通过烘干并粉碎成粉状物。菌丝体通过烘干后其营养成分会有所流失。另外用这样的工艺生产出来的菌丝体产品除了产品本身具有的功能、功效外，其产品形成的形态差、口感不佳，甚至无任何味道，不能引起人们的注意，所以产品推广效果不佳。
本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现的：
一种以花生为载体培育灵芝生物型饮品，技术方案中在于：该饮品是用花生浆汁作为一种液体培养基，将花生浆汁培养基灭菌后接入灵芝菌种，接着培育至花生浆汁培养基长满灵芝菌丝或菌球得花生灵芝生物饮品。
具体包括如下步骤：
1、原料选择：采集无变质、无杂质的花生米为原料，然后将花生米炒至熟透。
2、原料组成及配比：炒熟的花生米10份、清水120～150份。
3、混料：将上述花生和清水混合在一起，并浸泡10～15个小时。
4、打浆：将浸泡过10～15个小时的花生和清水一起打成浆液，然后过滤去渣得到原料浆汁。
5、制备培养基：将88%的花生浆汁和12%的红糖一起放入液体菌种培养容器内，最后按照常规方法灭菌后得生产用液体培养基。
6、接种：在无菌环境下往生产用液体培养基接入灵芝菌种，并保持菌种浮在液体培养基上面。
7、培菌：将接好种的培养容器移到培养室进行避光培养，在温度是20～23℃、相对湿度为60～65%的环境下使浮在液体培养基上面的菌种萌发出2-3厘米的菌丝，最后按照常规方法通过深层发酵培养至菌丝或菌球达到液体体积的90%以上而得花生灵芝生物饮品。
8、成品：把长满菌丝或菌球花生浆汁培养基分装于包装瓶中得成品花生灵芝生物饮品。
本发明既有如下优点：
1、本发明所提出的以花生为载体培育灵芝生物型饮品其制备方法构思新颖，生产工艺简单、容易实施。
2、通过实施本发明，把花生浆汁作为一种液体培养基，然后接入灵芝菌种后再通过深层发酵形成另一个特色的结合体——花生灵芝液体菌种饮品，具有花生的营养成分，同时也还有灵芝的营养成分。所以，形成的花生灵芝液体菌种饮品其营养及功效会更加突出，此使普通的花生也由此增值百倍。
3、通过实施本发明，将花生和灵芝菌有机结合起来，饮品有浓郁的花生味，而且清澈透明，清澈的液体中带有黄色的菌丝或菌球，花生和灵芝对人体疾病都具有显著的保健功效，二者合二为一后，其功效再相辅相成，而形成的花生灵芝液体菌种饮品其保健功效更为彰显。
4、通过实施本发明，最终产品——花生灵芝液体菌种饮品的生产制备工艺，具有培育周期短、生产制备工艺简单、产品的生产效率高及稳定等特点。
5、通过实施本发明，最终产品——花生灵芝液体菌种饮品，由于主要原料——花生，其原料来源广，容易组织，价格低廉，产品的形成不但具有特色、新颖、营养价值高、保健效果佳等特点，而且形成的产品成本极低，加上形成的产品还具有特殊的防病、治病等食疗功能，不但是一种消闲饮品，同样是一种具有保健功能又有食疗功能的多功能保健饮料。所以，本发明不但有非常好的市场前景，而且产生的经济效益亦会非常显著。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的方法进一步说明。
一种以花生为载体培育灵芝生物型饮品，技术方案中在于：该饮品是用花生浆汁作为一种液体培养基，将花生浆汁培养基灭菌后接入灵芝菌种，接着培育至花生浆汁培养基长满灵芝菌丝或菌球得花生灵芝生物饮品。
具体实施方式如下：
1、原料选择：采集无变质、无杂质的花生米为原料，然后将花生米炒至熟透。
2、原料组成及配比：炒熟的花生米10份、清水120～150份。
3、混料：将上述花生和清水混合在一起，并浸泡10～15个小时。
4、打浆：将浸泡过10～15个小时的花生和清水一起打成浆液，然后过滤去渣得到原料浆汁。
5、制备培养基：将88%的花生浆汁和12%的红糖一起放入液体菌种培养容器内，最后按照常规方法灭菌后得生产用液体培养基。
6、接种：在无菌环境下往生产用液体培养基接入灵芝菌种，并保持菌种浮在液体培养基上面。
7、培菌：将接好种的培养容器移到培养室进行避光培养，在温度是20～23℃、相对湿度为60～65%的环境下使浮在液体培养基上面的菌种萌发出2-3厘米的菌丝，最后按照常规方法通过深层发酵培养至菌丝或菌球达到液体体积的90%以上而得花生灵芝生物饮品。
8、成品：把长满菌丝或菌球花生浆汁培养基分装于包装瓶中得成品花生灵芝生物饮品。
Claims (1)
1.一种以花生为载体培育灵芝生物型饮品，其特征在于：该饮品是用花生浆汁作为一种液体培养基，将花生浆汁培养基灭菌后接入灵芝菌种，接着培育至花生浆汁培养基长满灵芝菌丝或菌球得花生灵芝生物饮品；
具体包括如下步骤：
（1）原料选择：采集无变质、无杂质的花生米为原料，然后将花生米炒至熟透；
（2）原料组成及配比：炒熟的花生米10份、清水120～150份；
（3）混料：将上述花生和清水混合在一起，并浸泡10～15个小时；
（4）打浆：将浸泡过10～15个小时的花生和清水一起打成浆液，然后过滤去渣得到原料浆汁；
（5）制备培养基：将88%的花生浆汁和12%的红糖一起放入液体菌种培养容器内，最后按照常规方法灭菌后得生产用液体培养基；
（6）接种：在无菌环境下往生产用液体培养基接入灵芝菌种，并保持菌种浮在液体培养基上面；
（7）培菌：将接好种的培养容器移到培养室进行避光培养，在温度是20～23℃、相对湿度为60～65%的环境下使浮在液体培养基上面的菌种萌发出2-3厘米的菌丝，最后按照常规方法通过深层发酵培养至菌丝或菌球达到液体体积的90%以上而得花生灵芝生物饮品；
（8）成品：把长满菌丝或菌球花生浆汁培养基分装于包装瓶中得成品花生灵芝生物饮品。
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