CN106069712B - Large-scale suspension summer-passing cultivation method for Sargassum leizhou seedlings based on sexual reproduction - Google Patents
Large-scale suspension summer-passing cultivation method for Sargassum leizhou seedlings based on sexual reproduction Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large-scale suspension summer-spending cultivation method of a Leizhou sargassum seedling based on sexual reproduction, which comprises the steps of uniformly mixing male and female Leizhou sargassum seedlings, scattering the mixture in a cultivation water body of a cultivation container, and culturing by strong aeration until fertilized eggs naturally fall off; then collecting the fertilized eggs and the free seedlings, and filtering to obtain pure fertilized eggs and free seedlings; then, transferring the pure fertilized eggs and the free seedlings into a culture water body, and carrying out micro-aeration suspension culture until all the fertilized eggs and the free seedlings grow into primary seedlings; then the primary seedlings are cultured in a culture water body by strong aeration until the primary seedlings grow into seedlings with the culture specification; and finally, continuously culturing and preserving the seedlings with the culture specification in the culture water body by strong aeration. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of reducing the production intensity of weaving and processing the attaching medium, saving the cost, avoiding the damage to the seedlings caused by improper processing of the seedling raising device, reducing the loss of the seedlings, facilitating the management of the seedling raising process, reducing the attachment of the miscellaneous algae, saving the seedling raising field, reducing the field construction cost and simplifying the intermediate links of cultivation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gulfweed seedling culture, in particular to a large-scale suspension over-summer culture method for gulfweed seedlings based on sexual reproduction.
Background
The Sargassum thunbergii has wide leaves, has wide application prospect in the aspects of marine ecosystem restoration and marine pasture construction, and is produced in Guangdong and Guangxi coastal areas. However, in recent years, the natural resources of the algae are obviously affected by the negative effects of natural or artificial factors, the resource amount is reduced year by year, and the development of artificial culture is urgent.
In addition to adopting rhizoids and tissue blocks to carry out nutrition seedling culture, sexual reproduction seedling culture is mainly adopted in the research on the gulfweed seaweed cultivation aspect in China, but in the large-scale seedling culture process based on sexual reproduction, the attaching medium is generally used for collecting and cultivating seedlings.
The defects of the prior art are as follows: the currently used culture of the attachment medium has the following defects: 1. harmful ingredients in the seedling raising device are difficult to completely remove, and the gulfweed seedlings are easy to poison; 2. the seedling raising device occupies a large space area, so that the production cost is increased, and the operation and management are not convenient; 3. even if the seedling raising device is paved at the bottom of the seedling collecting container, the seedlings are easy to lose; 4. other hybrid algae germ cells are easy to grow on the seedling raising device, and gulfweed seedlings are easy to be polluted; 5. in the large-scale cultivation process of sargassum seedlings, summer cultivation is usually needed, the sargassum seedlings are temporarily cultivated on the sea after the temperature drops in autumn, and the sargassum seedlings collected by the seedling cultivation device are not convenient for summer cultivation management; 6. the seedling raising device is used for collecting and raising seedlings, seedling separating operation is needed, labor intensity is high, and labor cost is correspondingly increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a large-scale suspension summer-exceeding cultivation method of sargassum thunbergii seedlings based on sexual reproduction, so as to solve the problems of summer-exceeding cultivation management, cost reduction, seedling risk reduction, seedling success rate improvement and the like in the large-scale sargassum seedling cultivation process.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the method for cultivating the Sargassum thunbergii seedlings in a large-scale suspension summer based on sexual reproduction is characterized by comprising the following steps:
uniformly mixing male and female sargassum thunbergii, scattering the mixture in a culture water body of a culture container, and culturing by strong aeration until fertilized eggs naturally fall off;
collecting the fertilized eggs and the free seedlings, and filtering to obtain pure fertilized eggs and free seedlings;
thirdly, transferring the pure fertilized eggs and the free seedlings into a culture water body, and carrying out micro-aeration suspension culture until all the fertilized eggs and the free seedlings grow into primary seedlings;
step four, culturing the primary seedlings in a culture water body by strong aeration until the primary seedlings grow into seedlings with the culture specification;
and step five, continuously culturing the seedlings with the cultivation specification in a cultivation water body by strong aeration in summer.
Preferably, under the natural condition, the culture water body temperature is less than 32 ℃, and the illumination intensity of the surface of the culture water body is less than 600 mu mol.m after being shielded by a single-layer sunshade net-2s-1In the meantime, the steps one to three are carried out in an outdoor culture vessel; under natural conditions, the culture water body temperature is higher than 32 ℃, and the illumination intensity of the surface of the culture water body is higher than 600 mu mol.m after the culture water body is shielded by a single-layer sunshade net-2s-1In this case, the steps four to five are performed in an indoor culture vessel.
Preferably, the strong aeration is 27.5-28.8mL per second in every hundred liters of water, the water is in a motion state, the appearance of the whole water body is in a rolling state, the micro aeration is 3.5-4.3mL per second in every hundred liters of water, and the appearance of the water body is in a motion state only in the upper layer 1/3 water depth.
Preferably, the culture container is made of white ceramic tiles with smooth bottoms and side walls, rigid plastics or glass fiber reinforced plastics.
Preferably, the first step is specifically: the clean, mature but unovulated Sargassum thunbergii is planted in a manner of male and female 4: 1, evenly mixing, dispersing in a culture water body with 26-34 salinity, and culturing by strong aeration.
Preferably, the second step is specifically: brushing the fertilized eggs and the free seedlings which are dropped on the wall and the bottom of the culture container in the step one by using a soft brush, collecting the fertilized eggs and the free seedlings, and sequentially performing three-stage filtration by using silk nets with 40 meshes, 60 meshes and 300 meshes to obtain pure fertilized eggs and free seedlings.
Preferably, the third step is specifically: transferring the pure fertilized eggs and the free seedlings obtained by the third-stage filtration in the second step into a culture water body with the salinity of 26-34, carrying out micro-aeration culture for 40 days, and replacing the culture water body every two days until all the fertilized eggs and the free seedlings grow into pure primary seedlings.
Preferably, the step four specifically comprises: transferring the primary seedling obtained in step three into culture water with temperature of 18-23 deg.C and salinity of 26-34, and irradiating at illumination intensity of 0-80 μmol · m-2s-1And a light period of 12L: and under the condition of 12D, strongly aerating, suspending and culturing for 2 months, replacing one half of the culture water body every three days, and completely replacing the culture water body every six days until pure seedlings with the cultivation specification capable of going to the sea are grown.
Preferably, the step five specifically comprises: placing the seedling of the fourth step with sea cultivation specification into culture water with temperature of 18-23 deg.C and salinity of 26-34, and irradiating with illumination intensity of 0-40 μmol/m-2s-1And a light period of 12L: under the condition of 12D, the strong aeration suspension is continuously cultured and stored, one half of the culture water body is replaced every three days, the culture water body is replaced all over every two weeks, and the culture specification of seedlings is maintained to spend summer。
Preferably, the culture water body is seawater filtered by a filter screen with the aperture of 25 mu m.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the method for cultivating the Sargassum thunbergii seedlings in large-scale suspension summer based on sexual reproduction, provided by the invention, has the advantages that the seedlings of the Sargassum thunbergii are cultivated by using a suspension method, the production intensity of weaving and treating the attachment base is reduced, the cost for purchasing the attachment base is saved, the damage to the seedlings caused by improper treatment of a seedling cultivating device is avoided, the seedling cultivating process is easy to manage, the loss of the seedlings in the seedling cultivating process by using the attachment base is reduced, the attachment of miscellaneous algae in the seedling cultivating process is reduced, the seedling cultivating field is saved, the field construction cost is reduced, and the intermediate links of cultivation are simplified.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying tables and specific embodiments.
Example 1
A large-scale suspension summer-passing cultivation method of Sargassum thunbergii seedlings based on sexual reproduction comprises the following steps: step one, under the natural condition, the temperature of the culture water body is 28 ℃, and the illumination intensity of the surface of the culture water body is 500 mu mol.m after being shielded by a single-layer sunshade net-2s-1In time, clean, mature but unovulated Sargassum rezhouense is inoculated with 4: 1, uniformly mixing the components in a mass ratio, dispersing the mixture in a culture water body with salinity of 29, and culturing the mixture by strong aeration, wherein the strong aeration is 28mL of gas per second in each hundred liters of water body, the water body is in a motion state, and the whole water body is in a rolling shape in appearance; step two, brushing the fertilized eggs and the free seedlings which fall off from the wall and the bottom of the culture container in the step one by using a soft brush, collecting the fertilized eggs and the free seedlings, and sequentially performing three-stage filtration by using silk nets with 40-mesh, 60-mesh and 300-mesh sieves to obtain pure fertilized eggs and free seedlings; step three, transferring the pure fertilized eggs and the free seedlings obtained by the three-stage filtration in the step two into a culture water body with salinity of 29, carrying out micro-aeration culture for 40 days, replacing the culture water body every two days until pure primary seedlings are completely grown, wherein the average length of the obtained primary seedlings is 4.72 +/-0.10 mm, and the average width of the seedlings is 1.40 +/-0.12 mm;step four, under natural conditions, the temperature of the culture water body is 35 ℃, and the illumination intensity of the surface of the culture water body is 680 mu mol m after being shielded by a single-layer sunshade net-2s-1Then, the primary seedlings obtained in the third step are transferred into a culture water body with the temperature of 20 ℃ and the salinity of 32, and the illumination intensity is 75 mu mol.m-2s-1And a light period of 12L: under the condition of 12D, strongly aerating, suspending and culturing for 2 months, replacing one half of culture water body every three days, and replacing the culture water body every six days until pure seedlings which can be planted in the sea grow, wherein the average length of the obtained seedlings in the culture specification is 6.7 +/-0.17 cm, the average width of the obtained seedlings is 1.56 +/-0.09 cm, and the obtained seedlings have 10 leaves; step five, placing the seedlings with the cultivation specification in the step four into a cultivation water body with the temperature of 20 ℃ and the salinity of 32, and irradiating the seedlings with the illumination intensity of 40 mu mol.m-2s-1And a light period of 12L: and under the condition of 12D, continuously culturing and preserving by strong aeration suspension, replacing one half of the culture water body every three days, replacing the culture water body all over every two weeks, and maintaining the culture specification of seedlings to spend summer.
Example 2
A large-scale suspension summer-passing cultivation method of Sargassum thunbergii seedlings based on sexual reproduction comprises the following steps: step one, under the natural condition, the temperature of the culture water body is 30 ℃, and the illumination intensity of the surface of the culture water body is 550 mu mol.m after being shielded by a single-layer sunshade net-2s-1In time, clean, mature but unovulated Sargassum rezhouense is inoculated with 4: 1, uniformly mixing the components in a mass ratio, dispersing the mixture in a culture water body with the salinity of 32, and culturing the mixture by strong aeration, wherein the strong aeration is 28mL of gas per second in each hundred liters of water body, the water body is in a motion state, and the whole water body in the appearance is in a rolling state; step two, brushing the fertilized eggs and the free seedlings which fall off from the wall and the bottom of the culture container in the step one by using a soft brush, collecting the fertilized eggs and the free seedlings, and sequentially performing three-stage filtration by using silk nets with 40-mesh, 60-mesh and 300-mesh sieves to obtain pure fertilized eggs and free seedlings; step three, transferring the pure fertilized eggs and the free seedlings obtained by the three-stage filtration in the step two into a culture water body with the salinity of 32, carrying out micro-aeration culture for 40 days, and replacing the culture water body every two days until all the fertilized eggs and the free seedlings grow into pure primary seedlingsSeedling, the average length of the obtained primary seedling is 4.77 +/-0.10 mm, and the average width of the seedling is 1.48 +/-0.12 mm; step four, when the culture water body temperature is 35 ℃ under natural conditions and the illumination intensity of the surface of the culture water body is 680 mu mol.m < -2 > s < -1 > after being shielded by a sunshade net, the primary seedlings obtained in the step three are transferred into the culture water body with the temperature of 23 ℃ and the salinity of 27, and the illumination intensity is 70 mu mol.m < -1 >-2s-1And a light period of 12L: under the condition of 12D, strongly aerating, suspending and culturing for 2 months, replacing one half of culture water body every three days, and replacing the culture water body every six days until pure seedlings which can be planted in the sea grow, wherein the average length of the obtained seedlings in the culture specification is 6.75 +/-0.17 cm, the average width of the seedlings reaches 1.62 +/-0.09 cm, and the seedlings have 12 leaves; step five, placing the seedlings with the cultivation specification in the step four into a cultivation water body with the temperature of 18 ℃ and the salinity of 27, and irradiating with the light intensity of 30 mu mol.m-2s-1And a light period of 12L: and under the condition of 12D, continuously performing suspension culture and preservation by strong aeration, replacing one half of culture water body every three days, replacing the whole culture water body every two weeks, and maintaining the culture specification of seedlings to spend summer.
Example 3
The results of comparing the seedling culture obtained in example 2 with that obtained under conventional adherent culture conditions are shown in the following table:
the results in the above table indicate that after the oosperm is discharged, the attached seedlings grow slightly faster than the suspended seedlings in the early outdoor cultivation stage (within 28 days), but the suspended seedlings grow more than the attached seedlings as the cultivation time is prolonged. In the later indoor temperature control culture stage, the suspended seedlings are subjected to inflation culture in the container, the attached seedlings are bound on the seedling curtain for culture, and the suspended seedlings are rolled up and down and are uniformly illuminated, so that the growth indexes of the suspended seedlings are superior to those of the attached seedlings, and the suspended seedlings grow neatly compared with the attached seedlings; in the early outdoor cultivation stage, the cultivation of the attached seedlings is carried out by adopting the seedling raising device, so that the toxic hazard of free gulfweed seedlings and higher free seedling loss rate are easily caused, the occupied space area of the seedling raising device is large, the production cost is increased, and the operation and management are difficult; in the later indoor temperature control cultivation stage, seedling curtain seedling cultivation adopted by attached seedling cultivation needs seedling separation operation, so that the labor intensity and the labor cost are greatly increased.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various similar representations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A large-scale suspension over-summer cultivation method of Sargassum thunbergii seedlings based on sexual reproduction is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, using clean, mature and unovulated Sargassum rezhouense as a female-male algae 4: 1, uniformly mixing the components in a mass ratio, dispersing the mixture in a culture water body with salinity of 26-34, and culturing the mixture by strong aeration until fertilized eggs naturally fall off;
step two, brushing the fertilized eggs and the free seedlings which fall off from the wall and the bottom of the culture container in the step one by using a soft brush, collecting the fertilized eggs and the free seedlings, and sequentially performing three-stage filtration by using silk nets with 40-mesh, 60-mesh and 300-mesh sieves to obtain pure fertilized eggs and free seedlings;
step three, transferring the pure fertilized eggs and the free seedlings obtained by the three-stage filtration in the step two into a culture water body with the salinity of 26-34, carrying out micro-aeration suspension culture for 40 days, and replacing the culture water body every two days until all the pure primary seedlings are grown;
step four, transferring the primary seedlings obtained in the step three into a culture water body with the temperature of 18-23 ℃ and the salinity of 26-34, and irradiating with the light intensity of 0-80 mu mol.m-2s-1And a light period of 12L: under the condition of 12D, strongly aerating, suspending and culturing for 2 months, replacing one half of the culture water body every three days, and replacing the culture water body every six days until pure seedlings with the culture specification grow;
step five, placing the seedlings with the cultivation specification in the step four into a cultivation water body with the temperature of 18-23 ℃ and the salinity of 26-34, and irradiating with the light intensity of 0-40 mu mol.m-2s-1And a light period of 12L: under the condition of 12D, the strong aeration suspension continues to be cultured and stored, one half of the culture water body is replaced every three days, the culture water body is replaced all over every two weeks, and the culture specification of seedlings is maintained to spend summer;
under natural conditions, the culture water body temperature is less than 32 ℃, and the illumination intensity of the culture water body surface is less than 600 mu mol.m after being shielded by a single-layer sunshade net-2s-1In the meantime, the steps one to three are carried out in an outdoor culture vessel; under natural conditions, the culture water body temperature is higher than 32 ℃, and the illumination intensity of the surface of the culture water body is higher than 600 mu mol.m after the culture water body is shielded by a single-layer sunshade net- 2s-1When the culture is performed in the indoor culture container, the fourth step to the fifth step are performed;
the strong aeration is 27.5-28.8mL per second in every hundred liters of water, the water is in a motion state, the whole appearance water body is in a rolling state, the micro aeration is 3.5-4.3mL per second in every hundred liters of water, and the appearance water body only with the water depth of the upper layer 1/3 is in a motion state;
the culture container is made of white ceramic tiles, rigid plastics or glass fiber reinforced plastics with smooth bottoms and side walls;
the culture water body is seawater filtered by a filter screen with the aperture of 25 mu m.
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