CN106059244A - Hall type magnetic fluid generator - Google Patents
Hall type magnetic fluid generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN106059244A CN106059244A CN201610454858.4A CN201610454858A CN106059244A CN 106059244 A CN106059244 A CN 106059244A CN 201610454858 A CN201610454858 A CN 201610454858A CN 106059244 A CN106059244 A CN 106059244A
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- generator
- fan
- channel
- mhd
- magnetohydrodynamic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K44/00—Machines in which the dynamo-electric interaction between a plasma or flow of conductive liquid or of fluid-borne conductive or magnetic particles and a coil system or magnetic field converts energy of mass flow into electrical energy or vice versa
- H02K44/08—Magnetohydrodynamic [MHD] generators
- H02K44/12—Constructional details of fluid channels
- H02K44/14—Circular or screw-shaped channels
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a magnetic fluid generator, and belongs to the technical field of magnetic fluid generation. The body of the generator is a disk-shaped circle or fan. The generator comprises a generation channel, a pair of magnets with opposite polarities, an inlet channel connected with an inlet of the generation channel, and a recycling channel connected with an outlet of the generation channel. The magnets are arranged in the generation channel up and down. Negative electrodes and positive electrodes which are paired are arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the generation channel. The generation channel is formed by splicing more than two fan-shaped expansion channels in parallel. The number of pairs of the negative electrodes and the positive electrodes is the same to that of the fan-shaped expansion channels. When the generator works, electromagnetic isolation is formed among the fan-shaped expansion channels. According to the generator provided by the invention, the disk-shaped generation channel in the prior art is divided into a plurality of equal expansion channels; it is unnecessary to produce the whole disk. The channels are same in structure. Unified processing can be carried out. The processing cost is low. The defect of the original disk type can be improved. The generation stability and efficiency can be improved. The service life of the generator can be prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator, belong to magnetic fluid generating technology field.
Background technology
Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator, is that one produces induction electromotive force and sense with gaseous conductor for working medium motion cutting magnetic line
The electromotor of raw electric current, its electricity generating principle is identical with common generator principle, is all the law of electromagnetic induction.Gaseous conductor working medium was both
Can be that the nonequilibrium plasma of alkali metal containing ion is as working medium, it is possible to select high-temperature hot balance or local thermodynamic equilibrium lazy
Property gaseous plasma is as working medium.
Plasma Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator is generally divided into Faraday Type plasma Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator and Hall type at present
Magnetic fluid (usual using plasma) electromotor.The former is typically positioned at the straight channel of passage both sides as generating district using electrode
Territory, generates electricity with the gaseous conductor of thermal ionization for working medium.Its Temperature of Working generally at about 1500-2000K, it and steam
The generating efficiency of combined cycle is up to 50%～60%.The latter's power channel compared with the former mostly is disk like disc type, and electrode is respectively
Being distributed in the entrance and exit position of dish, usually closed-cycle magnetohydrodynamics power generation, relatively for the former, advantage is that weakening boundary region divides
From, suppression electron temperature fluctuation.Temperature of Working scope is bigger than the former, and high temperature is up to 10000-13000K, and generating efficiency is higher.
The topology layout of disc electromagnetic fluid generator is to design to utilize Hall effect to generate electricity.At disc type magnetic current
In body electromotor, gaseous conductor radially flows, and magnetic field is in the axial direction.Gaseous conductor cutting magnetic field produces Faradic electricity
Stream and radial current (Hall current), the pair of electrodes placed in air current flow direction is by radial current extraction, tangential electric current
Component (faradic currents) self dead short, vertical with airflow direction and magnetic direction, disc electromagnetic fluid generator has generated electricity
Entirely rely on Hall effect.
In hgher efficiency compared with straight channel magnetohydrodynamic generator of the enthalpy extraction ratio of disc electromagnetic fluid generator, reaches as high as 55%,
Compared to Faraday Type plasma gas Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator there is some advantage following:
1) under same distance, voltage radially is higher than Faraday Type, which improves total electric energy of output
With the electric energy of unit volume output, electric generator structure can be the compactest；
2) disc electromagnetic fluid generator uses simple annular electrode, and voltage drop is little, and Faraday Type electromotor relates to
Electrode segment problem to whole power channel and complexity；
3) topology layout of disc electromagnetic fluid generator concision and compact makes the magnet system of correspondence can also be designed to very
Simply, magnetic field is provided by the solenoid being positioned over disk upper and lower surface a pair or permanent magnet, and Faraday Type must use saddle
Magnet, manufacture difficulty is big.
Owing to the generating efficiency of disc electromagnetic fluid generator is of a relatively high, also show in following commercial application prospect
Significantly advantage.Under the application background in space, it is considered to the overall structure of generator system, technical difficulty, closed loop use etc. because of
Element, disc electromagnetic fluid generator has big advantage compared to Faraday Type electromotor.
Summary of the invention
The invention solves the problems that and technical problem is that: the shortcoming overcoming above-mentioned technology.A kind of method that employing is dielectrically separated from is provided
Weaken faradic currents, thus improve enthalpy extraction ratio, the Hall type Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator of stable electric generation performance.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme that the present invention proposes is: a kind of Hall type Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator, bag
Include power channel, be respectively arranged on the magnet of a pair upper and lower opposite polarity of described power channel, connect described power channel entrance
Gaseous conductor access road and connect described power channel outlet gaseous conductor recovery approach；The entrance of described power channel
Place and exit are respectively equipped with yin, yang electrode paired with each other；It is characterized in that: described power channel is by the sector of more than two
Expanding channel is spliced to form side by side；The logarithm of described yin, yang electrode is identical with the quantity of described fan-shaped expanding channel；Described generating
Machine operationally, forms electromagnetic isolated between described fan-shaped expanding channel.
The present inventor is found by some current theoretical researches: ventional disc Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator was running
Journey there is also some problems, mainly have following some: 1) discharging structure is uneven；Electric current local is excessively concentrated；2) locally
Lorentz force is excessive；3) working medium speed declines, and static pressure rises；4) Hall coefficient, electrical conductivity decline.This is primarily due to disc electromagnetic
Fluid generator internal working medium concentrates in dish, when working medium Radial Flow and magnetic field interaction except radial flow direction
Hall currentOutward, it is being perpendicular on central shaft and direction radially also
The most tangential electric current of faradic currents can be produced(wherein σ is gaseous conductor
Electrical conductivity；β is the Hall coefficient of gaseous conductor；urFor gaseous conductor radial velocity；uθFor gaseous conductor tangential velocity；ErFor
Radial electric field intensity；EθFor tangential electric field intensity).We have found that the Faradic electricity circulation that can form annular when electrical conductivity is higher
Road, this can cause local Lorentz force to increase the Radial Flow hindering fluid so that static pressure raises, and the gaseous conductor conductance such as causes
Rate is uneven, ionization instability, causes discharging structure uneven, and electric current local is excessively concentrated, and causes decrease in power generation efficiency and sends out
The damage of motor.
The present invention uses the method weakening along the isolation of passage radial insulation to cause Faradic electricity intensity of flow continuous because of superposition
The impact of the result as described in the background art caused by increase, thus improve enthalpy extraction ratio, stable electric generation performance and protection are sent out
Motor component.After power channel is plus being dielectrically separated from wall (between each fan-shaped expanding channel), each fan-shaped expanding channel
Relatively compress than the space of conventional single overall power channel, so that the radial flow velocity of the working medium such as conduction air-flow
Increase, be not difficult to find out from the expression formula of above tangential electric current, when radial velocity increases tangential electric current reduce therewith and by
Original ring current path will not be formed in the effect being dielectrically separated from, thus reduce local Lorentz force, improve generating
Energy.
It should be noted that: the above-mentioned reason existing disc electromagnetic fluid generator being had problems behind disclose and
Theoretic knowledge be inventor exclusive, there is no any enlightenment of prior art.Obviously there is no this original discovery and understanding
Can not obtain technical scheme, the present invention seems to be had between simple technical scheme and this original discovery and understanding
The contact that can not isolate.
Technique scheme is further improved by: 1) described power channel is made up of non-magnetic, non-conducting material；
The cross section of described fan-shaped expanding channel is the rectangle of gradual change.2) the disc-shaped circle of the main body of described Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator, described
Electric channel is spliced to form annular side by side by the fan-shaped expanding channel of more than two.3) main body of described Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator is dish
Shape is fan-shaped, and described power channel is spliced to form fan annular side by side by the fan-shaped expanding channel of more than two.4) described magnet is by two
The corresponding secter pat of individual above and described sector expanding channel is spliced to form annular side by side.5) described magnet is by more than two
The secter pat corresponding with described fan-shaped expanding channel is spliced to form fan annular side by side.6) described anelectrode is positioned at described expansion and sends out
The both sides up and down of the porch of electric channel, described negative electrode is positioned at the both sides up and down in described expansion power channel exit, described
Anelectrode and negative electrode connect electrical equipment or load respectively.7) end of described gaseous conductor access road and described conduction gas
The initiating terminal of body recovery approach is all arc-shaped transition.8) described magnet is permanent magnet or electromagnetic coil.9) described gaseous conductor reclaims
Channel segmentation becomes corresponding with described fan annular expansion number of channels multiple.
The Hall type Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator that the present invention provides, is split as some by collar plate shape power channel of the prior art
The fan-shaped expanding channel of decile, this measure one is simple in construction, as long as processing the passage of corresponding number according to demand, and not
Needing to produce whole disk, each channel design is identical, can carry out unitized processing, and processing cost is low；Two be can improve former
The shortcoming having disc type, improving stability and the efficiency of generating, extending the service life of electromotor, even if in use occurring
The damage of certain expanding channel also can be continuing with, and easy to maintenance, and it is good that passage exchanges performance；Three is can be according to real space
Need, arranged by the splicing of fan-shaped expanding channel, form complete circle plate-like electromotor or fan-shaped plate-like electromotor is carried out
Generating, compares existing only circular discoid electromotor, and the electromotor shape of the present invention can be more flexible and changeable.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 2 be in Fig. 1 A-A to cross-sectional view.
Fig. 3 is single expanding channel structural representation in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention two.
Fig. 5 be in Fig. 4 B-B to cross-sectional view.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment one
The Hall type Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator of the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, the overall rounded plate-like of electromotor, bag
Include: power channel, be positioned at the upper and lower toroidal magnet of power channel, be connected to power channel entrance gaseous conductor access road 1,
It is connected to the gaseous conductor recovery approach 6 of power channel outlet；The porch of power channel is provided with anelectrode 2, power channel
Exit is provided with negative electrode 4.
In the present embodiment, power channel is formed annular side by side by 12 fan annular expansion passages 3；Anelectrode 2
Logarithm paired with each other with negative electrode 4 is identical with the quantity of expanding channel 3, is also 12 right；Each fan annular expansion passage 3 is equal
It is made up of non-magnetic, non-conducting material (such as plastics or fiberglass).The cross section of each fan-shaped expanding channel is the square of gradual change
Shape.Gaseous conductor access road 1 and gaseous conductor recovery approach 6 are integral circular shape plate-likes, and gaseous conductor leads to from an entrance
Road 1 respectively enters 12 fan annular expansion passages 3, is pooled to a conduction from 12 fan annular expansion passages 3 the most again
Gas recovery approach 6.
In the present embodiment, anelectrode 2 is positioned at the both sides up and down of the porch of each fan-shaped expanding channel 3, negative electrode 4
The both sides up and down in power channel exit are expanded in each fan-shaped expanding channel 3
In the present embodiment, being positioned at a pair upper and lower permanent magnet of power channel is all overall annular plate-like.Wherein it is positioned at
Permanent magnet on power channel is with S pole 5 towards power channel, and the permanent magnet being positioned under power channel is logical towards generating with N pole 7
Road.
In the present embodiment, the end of gaseous conductor access road and the initiating terminal of described gaseous conductor recovery approach are all arcs
Shape transition, it is simple to gaseous conductor flows.
In the present embodiment, in power channel (the most each fan-shaped expanding channel 3), it is passed through the non-equilibrium of alkali metal containing seed
Plasma is as working medium.Working medium flows into from access road 1, along power channel radial cuts by permanent magnet S pole 5, permanent magnet N pole
High-intensity magnetic field produced by 7, thus produce Hall current radially and the faradic currents of normal direction, produced by radial current
Electric potential difference generates electricity, and electrical equipment or load are i.e. attached between anelectrode 2 and negative electrode 4 acting.
For in theory, channel number more many generatings effect should be the most obvious, but because of fluid in each passage in reality
Having certain heat loss with channel wall friction, fan-shaped expanding channel number is the most, loses the biggest, so generating efficiency
Can therefore decline on the contrary, so in order to take into account generating efficiency, needing the number of fan-shaped expanding channel is optimized, thus tool
Depending on the number of body sector expanding channel is optimized by generated output size and cost of manufacture, it is not limited to the 12 of the present embodiment
Individual, but should be at least two.
The present embodiment use the nonequilibrium plasma using alkali metal containing seed as working medium, it is possible to select high-temperature hot
The inert gas plasma of balance or local thermodynamic equilibrium is as working medium.Both can be with coal fired power generation machine cogeneration, it is also possible to
Nuclear reactor heated inert gas is utilized to produce plasma electric power generation.
Embodiment two
The Hall type Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator of the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, the overall disc-shaped sector (120 of electromotor
Degree sector), power channel is formed fan annular (120 degree) side by side by four fan annular expansion passages 3, and permanent magnet is also in fan annular
(120 degree)；Other structures are identical with embodiment one, repeat no more.
The present invention is not limited to the concrete technical scheme of above-described embodiment, and in addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have
Other embodiments.Such as: 1) electromotor entirety can also ovalize or irregular cycle, corresponding power channel can be in
Oval ring or irregular roundness annular；2) anelectrode 2 and negative electrode 4 can be exchanged in entrance or the exit position of power channel；
3) cross section of fan-shaped expanding channel can also be the trapezoidal of gradual change or other shapes；4) S pole and the N pole 7 of permanent magnet are logical in generating
The upper-lower position in road can exchange；5) permanent magnet can also by more than two corresponding with fan-shaped expanding channel secter pats also
Row is spliced to form annular or sector, and the quantity of secter pat is identical with the quantity of fan-shaped expanding channel；5) permanent magnet can also be by
Solenoid replaces；6) electromotor entirety can by multiple fan-shaped expanding channels be spliced to form side by side semi-circular shape, 1/4th
Annular or 1/8th annulars；7) end of gaseous conductor access road and the initiating terminal of described gaseous conductor recovery approach
It can also be non-arc-shaped transition；8) gaseous conductor recovery approach 6 can also be divided into corresponding with fanning annular expansion passage 3 quantity
Multiple；Etc..The technical scheme that all employing equivalents are formed, is the protection domain of application claims.
Claims (10)
1. a Hall type Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator, including power channel, to be respectively arranged on upper and lower a pair of described power channel contrary
The magnet of polarity, connect the gaseous conductor access road of described power channel entrance and connect the conduction of described power channel outlet
Gas recovery approach；The porch of described power channel and exit are respectively equipped with yin, yang electrode paired with each other；Its feature exists
In: described power channel is spliced to form side by side by the fan-shaped expanding channel of more than two；The logarithm of described yin, yang electrode is with described
The quantity of fan-shaped expanding channel is identical；Described electromotor operationally, forms electromagnetic isolated between described fan-shaped expanding channel.
Hall type Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described power channel be by non-magnetic,
Non-conducting material is made；The cross section of described fan-shaped expanding channel is the rectangle of gradual change.
Hall type Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the main body of described Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator in
Disc-formed circular, described power channel is spliced to form annular side by side by the fan-shaped expanding channel of more than two.
Hall type Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the main body of described Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator in
Plate-like is fan-shaped, and described power channel is spliced to form fan annular side by side by the fan-shaped expanding channel of more than two.
Hall type Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described magnet by more than two with described
The corresponding secter pat of fan-shaped expanding channel is spliced to form annular side by side.
Hall type Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described magnet by more than two with described
The corresponding secter pat of fan-shaped expanding channel is spliced to form fan annular side by side.
7. according to the arbitrary described Hall type Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator of claim 1-6, it is characterised in that: described anelectrode is positioned at institute
Stating the both sides up and down of porch of expansion power channel, described negative electrode is positioned at up and down the two of described expansion power channel exit
Side, described anelectrode and negative electrode connect electrical equipment or load respectively.
8. according to the arbitrary described Hall type Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator of claim 1-6, it is characterised in that: described gaseous conductor entrance
The end of passage and the initiating terminal of described gaseous conductor recovery approach are all arc-shaped transition.
Hall type Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described magnet is permanent magnet or electromagnetism
Circle.
Hall type Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described gaseous conductor recovery approach divides
It is slit into corresponding with described fan annular expansion number of channels multiple.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610454858.4A CN106059244B (en) | 2016-06-21 | 2016-06-21 | A kind of Hall type Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610454858.4A CN106059244B (en) | 2016-06-21 | 2016-06-21 | A kind of Hall type Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106059244A true CN106059244A (en) | 2016-10-26 |
| CN106059244B CN106059244B (en) | 2018-06-05 |
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| CN201610454858.4A Active CN106059244B (en) | 2016-06-21 | 2016-06-21 | A kind of Hall type Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109217623A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-01-15 | 广州大学 | A kind of magnetic fluid driver and its driving method |
| CN110429792A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-11-08 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | A kind of split type disc type magnetohydrodynamic generator channel |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5932355A (en) * | 1982-08-12 | 1984-02-21 | Toshiba Corp | Electromagnetic fluid generator |
| JPS5959065A (en) * | 1982-09-29 | 1984-04-04 | Toshiba Corp | Disc type mhd generator |
| JPH08223902A (en) * | 1995-02-14 | 1996-08-30 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Disk-shaped mhd generator |
-
2016
- 2016-06-21 CN CN201610454858.4A patent/CN106059244B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5932355A (en) * | 1982-08-12 | 1984-02-21 | Toshiba Corp | Electromagnetic fluid generator |
| JPS5959065A (en) * | 1982-09-29 | 1984-04-04 | Toshiba Corp | Disc type mhd generator |
| JPH08223902A (en) * | 1995-02-14 | 1996-08-30 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Disk-shaped mhd generator |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109217623A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-01-15 | 广州大学 | A kind of magnetic fluid driver and its driving method |
| CN109217623B (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2024-03-08 | 广州大学 | Magnetic fluid driver and driving method thereof |
| CN110429792A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-11-08 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | A kind of split type disc type magnetohydrodynamic generator channel |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106059244B (en) | 2018-06-05 |
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