CN106057526A - Laminated silver-copper-brazing-filler-metal three-composite electrical contact material manufactured by coating and sleeving method and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Laminated silver-copper-brazing-filler-metal three-composite electrical contact material manufactured by coating and sleeving method and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106057526A CN106057526A CN201610504454.1A CN201610504454A CN106057526A CN 106057526 A CN106057526 A CN 106057526A CN 201610504454 A CN201610504454 A CN 201610504454A CN 106057526 A CN106057526 A CN 106057526A
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- silver
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
- H01H11/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts
- H01H11/048—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts by powder-metallurgical processes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/04—Co-operating contacts of different material
Abstract
The invention discloses a laminated silver-copper-brazing-filler-metal three-composite electrical contact material manufactured by a coating and sleeving method and a manufacturing method thereof. Silver-alloy powder and copper-alloy powder are manufactured by using an atomization method or a powder mixing method; the silver-alloy powder and the copper-alloy powder are manufactured into a silver-alloy/copper-alloy band material; and then compounding is carried out on the silver-alloy/copper-alloy band material and a brazing filler metal to obtain a three-composite electrical contact material. Therefore, an electrical contact material having advantages of low material costs, excellent integrated electrical performances, silver saving and environmental protection is provided to replace the traditional copper-alloy contact material, silver-alloy contact material, and silver-copper-alloy contact material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of alloy material, the stratiform silver-bearing copper pricker three that a kind of jacket method manufactures is multiple
Close electrical contact material.
Background technology
Relay, catalyst, the core parts of chopper are electrical contact (point), and it carries connects the heavy of breaking current
Task, the quality of contact elements depends on the performance of electrical contact (point) material and scientific and effective combination, and it is security appliance
Important guarantee.
At present, the contact material that on market, usage amount is maximum is silver alloy and the big class of copper alloy two.Copper alloy contact material
Certain applications are on chopper and high-voltage switch gear, although copper alloy contact material is cheap, but copper alloy electric contact antioxidation
Poor performance, different in size to the commercial time after installation, when electrical equipment shelves time length, use, electrical contact surface can form oxidation
Film, disjunction can discharge substantial amounts of heat the most in use, will also result in surface and is generated oxide-film by thermal oxide, makes contact resistance increase
Affect electric conductivity and heat conductivity greatly, make the temperature rise of electrical equipment increase；Increasing of switch temperature rise, all components and parts in meeting acceleration switch
Lost efficacy, shortened its electric life.Therefore vicious cycle occurs, makes electrical equipment cross heat-induced damage and occur that contact melted leads to safe thing
Therefore.
Existing silver alloy contact material is widely used on relay, catalyst, chopper.Wherein, silver tungsten and silver carbonization
Tungsten graphite is used in the typical material on chopper.
The most general miniature circuit breaker uses Agcdo or silver graphite alloy (such as AgC4) contact material etc..But it contains
Silver amount is the highest, and the silver content of silver cadmium oxide contact material is all more than 85%, and is the main flow product in current contact material market
Product, annual consumption silver amount is the hugest.But silver resource is very limited of today, along with the increase of consumption, will cause silver
Rapid rise of price, so that the cost producing electrical contact material remains high, Business Economic Benefit declines, and social benefit is the most greatly cut
Subtract.And another metallic element cadmium environmental pollution of this series products is relatively big, does not meets the development trend of nowadays environmental protection.Therefore,
Appliance manufacturers is on the premise of ensureing quality, it is desirable to alloy industry uses base metal to replace noble silver to lower product
This cry is more and more higher.To this end, we need to seek a kind of energy composite copper alloy contact and silver alloy contact premium properties, and
The cost of material is low, the joint silver of Universal electric function admirable, the electrical contact material of environmental protection substitute traditional copper alloy contact, silver-colored conjunction
Gold contact and yellow gold contact material.
Summary of the invention
The deficiency existed for prior art, the cost of material is low, Universal electric to it is an object of the invention to provide one
Joint silver, the electrical contact material of environmental protection that can be excellent substitute traditional copper alloy contact, silver alloy contact and yellow gold contact
Material.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme is that
The manufacture method of the stratiform silver-bearing copper pricker three-layer composite electric contact that a kind of jacket method manufactures, comprises the following steps:
One or both in the elements such as silver, nickel, phosphorus, stannum, zinc and above metal are carried out by step 1: prepare solder with copper
Melting, ingot casting, extrude, to be rolled into required thickness of strip standby.
Step 2: prepare alloy silver powder and copper alloy powder, obtains silver by techniques such as Metal Melting, atomization, Powder Oxidations and closes
Bronze；By the technique copper alloy powder such as Metal Melting, atomization；Or use the gold being directly mixed with required ratio in argentum powder or copper powder
Belong to oxidate powder and obtain alloy silver powder or copper alloy powder.
Step 3: by alloy silver powder and the copper alloy powder of step 2 gained, respectively in required ratio, uses powder mixing method, adds
Additive, and a certain proportion of abrasive material mixes, respectively obtains silver alloy and mixes powder and copper alloy mixes powder；
Step 4: arrange dividing plate in rubber package set in proportion, mixes powder by silver alloy and copper alloy mixes powder and pours rubber respectively into
Behind the two ends of envelope separator, it is slowly withdrawn dividing plate, locks rubber package set, put into isostatic pressed squeeze cylinder, be squeezed into silver alloy/copper
Alloy pig；
Step 5: silver alloy/copper alloy ingot is sintered；
Step 6: the silver alloy/copper alloy ingot after sintering is carried out multiple pressure, extrudes and bundle processed obtains silver alloy/copper alloy material
Band；
Solder is made solder layer band, and described solder is silver-bearing copper phosphorus brazing alloy, Ag-Cu-Zn solder or amorphous brazing filler metal；
Step 7: silver alloy/copper alloy material strip, solder band are sequentially overlapped and carry out hot being combined together；
Step 8: the band after heat being combined is manufactured into three layers of composite contact through techniques such as cold rolling, punching.
Further improvement as invention: described step 2: by silver and added metallic element and rare earth element, carry out
High melt, smelting temperature is 1030～1400 DEG C, makes it be atomized into silver alloy powder with water under high pressure, then dry after alloying
And 150～250 mesh sieves excessively obtain silver alloy powder, then carry out oxidation processes；
By copper and added metallic element and rare earth element, carrying out high melt, smelting temperature is 1030～1400 DEG C,
Make it be atomized into silver alloy powder with water under high pressure after alloying, then dry and cross 150～250 mesh sieves and obtain copper alloy powder.
Further improvement as invention: the oxidizing temperature in described step 2 is 500～700 DEG C, oxygen pressure be 1～
3Mpa, the time is 5～15 hours.
Further improvement as invention: it is characterized in that:
During in described step 3, additive is diamond, metal-oxide, nonmetal, nonmetallic compound, at least one, mixed
Conjunction mode is ball milling, and the mixed powder time is 6～10 hours, and ratio of grinding media to material is 15～25: 1.
Further improvement as invention: its isostatic pressed just base typed pressure 150～200Mpa in described step 4, controls
Density is the 75～90% of solid density, and first base loads evacuation after sintering furnace and is filled with noble gas and protects, sintering temperature
Being 800～1000 DEG C, the time is 2～5 hours, then cools to less than 50 DEG C with the furnace and comes out of the stove.Further improvement as invention:
In described step 5, extrusion temperature is 880 DEG C, and extrusion ratio is 100；
In described step 7, combined temp is 800～900 DEG C, and speed is 3～5 ms/min；
Band after heat being combined in described step 7 carries out insulation annealing, uses protective gas to protect, temperature simultaneously
Degree is 500～650 DEG C, and the time is 1～3 hour, and time cold rolling, per pass amount of rolling is less than 20%.
Further improvement as invention: in described step 2 metallic element be nickel, magnesium, aluminum, calcium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, ferrum,
In cobalt, zinc, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, silver, indium, stannum, antimony, tellurium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, rhenium, bismuth and its corresponding oxide at least one；Institute
Stating rare earth element is at least one in scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, neodymium, ytterbium, lutecium and corresponding upper rare earth alloy.
Further improvement as invention: in described step 3 nonmetal in graphite, boron, silicon, phosphorus at least one, described
Nonmetallic compound is at least one in boron, silicon, the compound of phosphorus and carborundum.
Further improvement as invention: the metal-oxide in described step 1 and step 3 is SnO2, ZnO, CuO,
In Fe2O3, CdO, In2O3, Bi2O3, Al2O3, MoO3, ZrO2 at least one.
The stratiform silver-bearing copper pricker three-layer composite electric contact material that a kind of jacket method manufactures:
The ag alloy layer that sets gradually, copper alloy layer, solder layer:
Described ag alloy layer includes that following percetage by weight forms: silver 80～99.9%；
Silver layer additive:
In metal, metal-oxide, nonmetal, nonmetallic compound at least one: 0.1～12%,
Diadust 0.05～4%,
Rare earth element total amount 0.01～5.7%；
Described copper alloy layer includes that following percetage by weight forms: copper 80～99.9%；
Layers of copper additive:
In metal, metal-oxide, nonmetal, nonmetallic compound at least one: 0.1～12%,
Diadust 0.05～4%,
Rare earth element total amount 0.01～5.7%；
Described solder layer is silver-bearing copper phosphorus brazing alloy, Ag-Cu-Zn solder or amorphous brazing filler metal.
Beneficial effects of the present invention,
1. in ag alloy layer and copper alloy layer, add diadust and nikel powder, account for total amount 0.5～40%, Yi Jishi
Ink, boron, aluminum, silicon, phosphorus, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, ferrum, cobalt, zinc, zirconium, niobium, hafnium, molybdenum, silver, indium, stannum, antimony, tellurium, tantalum, tungsten, rhenium, bismuth,
One or more of metal in scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, neodymium, ytterbium, lutecium, nonmetal, metal-oxide or nonmetallic compound, to material
The organizational structure of material is optimized, and improves the resistance fusion welding of material and resistance to electrical arc erosion.
2. have employed 3-layer composite material, improve the non-oxidizability of Cu alloy material, reduce the contact resistance of material,
Improve the conductivity of material, reduce the temperature rise of device for switching.
3. use the 3-layer composite material adding additive that aximal deformation value hot composition process manufactures, its ag alloy layer and copper
It is firmly combined with between alloy-layer, copper alloy layer and solder layer, and improves the combination property of product because of complex effect, improve
The service life of device for switching.Owing to have employed three layers of combination process, joint silver effect is obvious, and joint silver amount is about 70%, enters one
Step reduces the cost of electrical contact material.
4. reasonable in design due to inventive formulation and technique etc., it is high that the electrical contact material of production has conductivity, contact electricity
Hindering low, even tissue is fine and close, and bond strength is high, and good in oxidation resistance has the spies such as excellent resistance fusion welding and resistance to electrical arc erosion
Point.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment:
Sheathed extrusion manufactures silver alloy/copper alloy/solder three layers composite electric contact material
1, get the raw materials ready
(1) silver metal alloyed powder is manufactured
When manufacturing silver metal alloy powder, by silver and added metallic element and rare earth element, carry out high melt, molten
Refining temperature is 1030～1400 DEG C, makes solution temperature when 1100 ± 30 DEG C, make it be atomized into silver conjunction with water under high pressure after alloying
Bronze end, then dries and crosses 200 mesh sieves, the most raw materials used being by mass percentage: silver 99%, cerium 0.3%, yttrium
0.5%, nickel 0.2%.
(2) copper metal alloy powder is manufactured
When manufacturing copper metal alloy powders, by copper and added metallic element and rare earth element, carry out high melt, molten
Refining temperature is 1030～1400 DEG C, makes solution temperature when 1150 ± 30 DEG C, make it be atomized into copper with water under high pressure and close after alloying
Bronze end, then dries and crosses 200 mesh sieves, the most raw materials used being by mass percentage: copper 98.9%, Rare Earth Lanthanum, yttrium, cerium
Alloy 0.8%, bismuth 0.1%, nickel 0.2%.
(3) solder: silver, zinc, copper-phosphorus alloy are manufactured solder as raw material with copper formula in proportion, by (with percent mass
Than meter): silver 2%, zinc 5%, phosphorus 6%, copper surplus, carry out melting, ingot casting.
2. alloyed powder ball milling
(1) the silver metal alloy powder of upper step 1 gained will add nickel, diadust, yittrium oxide, lanthana, stone
Ink, carborundum, by silver metal alloy 88%, nickel 10%, diadust 1%, lanthanum, yttrium 0.5%, other 0.5%, at the mixed sphere of powder
Uniformly mixing in grinding machine, the mixed powder time is 8 hours, and ratio of grinding media to material is 20: 1.
(2) the copper metal alloy powders of upper step 1 gained will add nickel, diadust, carborundum,
By copper metal alloy 97%, nickel 1%, diadust 1%, carborundum 1%, uniformly mix in mixed sphere of powder grinding machine
Closing, the mixed powder time is 8 hours, and ratio of grinding media to material is 20: 1.
3. isostatic pressed
By the alloyed powder in step 2 in rubber package set, by the ag alloy layer thickness requirement of product, make dividing plate in proportion,
By the silver metal alloy powder manufactured and copper alloy powder, pour the two ends of rubber package set dividing plate respectively into, the silver being poured into
Alloy powder and copper alloy powder tamping, be slowly withdrawn jacket internal partition, lock jacket lid, put into isostatic pressed squeeze cylinder,
It is squeezed into ingot.Isostatic pressed just base typed pressure is 180Mpa, and controlling density is the 90% of solid density, after first base loads sintering furnace
Evacuation is filled with noble gas and protects, and sintering temperature is 930 DEG C, and the time is 3 hours, then cools to 40 DEG C with the furnace and goes out
Stove.
4, extrusion rolling
(1) ingot blank obtained by step 3 is carried out multiple pressure, extrudes and roll.After ingot blank is carried out multiple pressure, it is squeezed into sheet material,
Carry out rolling acquisition silver alloy/copper alloy material strip containing additive more standby.Extrusion temperature is 900 DEG C, and extrusion ratio is
100。
(2) the solder ingot in step 1 is carried out being squeezed into sheet material, then be manufactured into solder band by techniques such as cold rolling, annealing.
5, heat is compound
The composite surface of silver alloy/copper alloy material strip material and solder band is polished clean, then by enterprising for its hot equipment complex
Row is compound, and its combined temp is 850 DEG C, and speed is 4 ms/min.
6, rolling punching press
The 3-layer composite material that will be combined, is rolled down to required thickness, then punching becomes product.In the course of processing, band
The annealing of material need to use protective atmosphere to protect, and temperature is 650 DEG C, and the time is 2 hours, and time cold rolling, per pass amount of rolling is less than
20%.
Using the 3-layer composite material containing additive that the present invention manufactures, its main performance is as follows:
1. density: >=8.3g/cm3；
2. hardness (HB) >=70；
3. resistivity :≤2.15 μ Ω .cm；
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited merely to above-mentioned enforcement
Example, all technical schemes belonged under thinking of the present invention belong to protection scope of the present invention.It should be pointed out that, for the art
Those of ordinary skill for, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also
Should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the manufacture method of the stratiform silver-bearing copper pricker three-layer composite electric contact of a jacket method manufacture, it is characterised in that: include following step
Rapid:
One or both in the elements such as silver, nickel, phosphorus, stannum, zinc and above metal are melted by step 1: prepare solder with copper
Refining, ingot casting, extrude, to be rolled into required thickness of strip standby.
Step 2: prepare alloy silver powder and copper alloy powder, obtains silver alloy by techniques such as Metal Melting, atomization, Powder Oxidations
Powder；By the technique copper alloy powder such as Metal Melting, atomization；Or use the metal being directly mixed with required ratio in argentum powder or copper powder
Oxidate powder obtains alloy silver powder or copper alloy powder.
Step 3: by alloy silver powder and the copper alloy powder of step 2 gained, respectively in required ratio, uses powder mixing method, adds and add
Thing, and a certain proportion of abrasive material mixes, respectively obtains silver alloy and mixes powder and copper alloy mixes powder；
Step 4: arrange dividing plate in rubber package set, mixes powder by silver alloy and copper alloy mixes powder and pours rubber package set dividing plate respectively into
Behind two ends, it is slowly withdrawn dividing plate, locks rubber package set, put into isostatic pressed squeeze cylinder, be squeezed into silver alloy/copper alloy ingot；
Step 5: silver alloy/copper alloy ingot is sintered；
Step 6: the silver alloy/copper alloy ingot after sintering is carried out multiple pressure, extrudes and bundle processed obtains silver alloy/copper alloy material strip；
Solder is made solder layer band, and described solder is silver-bearing copper phosphorus brazing alloy, Ag-Cu-Zn solder or amorphous brazing filler metal；
Step 7: silver alloy/copper alloy material strip, solder band are sequentially overlapped and carry out hot being combined together；
Step 8: the band after heat being combined is manufactured into three layers of composite contact through techniques such as cold rolling, punching.
The manufacture method of the stratiform silver-bearing copper pricker three-layer composite electric contact that a kind of jacket method the most according to claim 1 manufactures, its
It is characterised by:
Described step 2: by adding metallic element and rare earth element in silver, carry out high melt, smelting temperature be 1030～
1400 DEG C, after alloying, make it be atomized into silver alloy powder with water under high pressure, then dry and cross 150～250 mesh sieves and obtain silver conjunction
Bronze end, then carry out oxidation processes；
By metallic element added in copper and rare earth element, carrying out high melt, smelting temperature is 1030～1400 DEG C, alloy
Make it be atomized into copper alloy powder with water under high pressure after change, then dry and cross 150～250 mesh sieves and obtain copper alloy powder.
The manufacture method of the stratiform silver-bearing copper pricker three-layer composite electric contact that a kind of jacket method the most according to claim 2 manufactures: its
It is characterised by:
Oxidizing temperature in described step 2 is 500～700 DEG C, and oxygen pressure is 1～3Mpa, and the time is 5～15 hours.
4. the manufacturer of the stratiform silver-bearing copper pricker three-layer composite electric contact manufactured according to a kind of jacket method described in claim 1 or 2 or 3
Method, it is characterised in that:
During in described step 3, additive is diamond, metal-oxide, nonmetal, nonmetallic compound at least one, mixing side
Formula is ball milling, and the mixed powder time is 6～10 hours, and ratio of grinding media to material is 15～25: 1.
The manufacture method of the stratiform silver-bearing copper pricker three-layer composite electric contact that a kind of jacket method the most according to claim 4 manufactures, its
It is characterised by:
Its isostatic pressed just base typed pressure 150～200Mpa in described step 4, controlling density is the 75～90% of solid density,
After just base loads sintering furnace, evacuation is filled with noble gas and protects, and sintering temperature is 800～1000 DEG C, and the time is 2～5 little
Time, then cool to less than 50 DEG C with the furnace and come out of the stove.
The manufacture method of the stratiform silver-bearing copper pricker three-layer composite electric contact that a kind of jacket method the most according to claim 5 manufactures, its
It is characterised by:
In described step 5, extrusion temperature is 880 DEG C, and extrusion ratio is 100；
In described step 7, combined temp is 800～900 DEG C, and speed is 3～5 ms/min；
Band after heat being combined in described step 7 carries out insulation annealing, uses protective gas to protect simultaneously, and temperature is
500～650 DEG C, the time is 1～3 hour, and time cold rolling, per pass amount of rolling is less than 20%.
7. the manufacture method of the stratiform silver-bearing copper pricker three-layer composite electric contact manufactured according to a kind of jacket method described in Claims 2 or 3,
It is characterized in that:
In described step 2 metallic element be nickel, magnesium, aluminum, calcium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, ferrum, cobalt, zinc, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, silver, indium, stannum,
In antimony, tellurium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, rhenium, bismuth and its corresponding oxide at least one；Described rare earth element be scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, cerium,
In neodymium, ytterbium, lutecium and corresponding rare earth alloy at least one.
The manufacture method of the stratiform silver-bearing copper pricker three-layer composite electric contact that a kind of jacket method the most according to claim 6 manufactures: its
Be characterised by: in described step 3 nonmetal in graphite, boron, silicon, phosphorus at least one, described nonmetallic compound be boron, silicon,
In the compound of phosphorus and carborundum at least one.
The manufacture method of the stratiform silver-bearing copper pricker three-layer composite electric contact that a kind of jacket method the most according to claim 6 manufactures:
Metal-oxide in described step 2 and step 3 is SnO2, ZnO, CuO, Fe2O3, CdO, In2O3, Bi2O3, Al2O3,
In MoO3, ZrO2 at least one.
10. the material that manufacture method as described in claim 1 to 9 manufactures, it is characterised in that: include the silver alloy set gradually
Layer, copper alloy layer, solder layer；
Described ag alloy layer includes that following percetage by weight forms: silver 80～99.9%；
Silver layer additive:
In metal, metal-oxide, nonmetal, nonmetallic compound at least one: 0.04～12%,
Diadust 0.05～4%,
Rare earth element total amount 0.01～5.7%；
Described copper alloy layer includes that following percetage by weight forms: copper 80～99.9%；
Layers of copper additive:
In metal, metal-oxide, nonmetal, nonmetallic compound at least one: 0.04～12%,
Diadust 0.05～4%,
Rare earth element total amount 0.01～5.7%；
Described solder layer is silver-bearing copper phosphorus brazing alloy, Ag-Cu-Zn solder or amorphous brazing filler metal.
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| CN201610504454.1A CN106057526A (en) | 2016-06-27 | 2016-06-27 | Laminated silver-copper-brazing-filler-metal three-composite electrical contact material manufactured by coating and sleeving method and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN201610504454.1A CN106057526A (en) | 2016-06-27 | 2016-06-27 | Laminated silver-copper-brazing-filler-metal three-composite electrical contact material manufactured by coating and sleeving method and manufacturing method thereof |
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