CN106021692A - Steam turbine performance and reliability integrated design method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a steam turbine performance and reliability integrated design method. The method comprises the steps of determining technical specifications and technical specification values or ranges of a steam turbine; calculating mold line data and aerodynamic data of a through-flow part of the steam turbine, classifying functional parts into core functional parts and accessory functional parts, and determining distribution types and parameter values of performance design parameters of the core functional parts; extracting multiple groups of the performance design parameters and calculating stresses and vibration frequencies of the core functional parts corresponding to the performance design parameters; calculating the reliability of each core functional part under the action of each performance design parameter, and further comprehensively accounting the reliability of different core functional parts; calculating the reliability of each accessory functional part; establishing a steam turbine system reliability model and calculating system reliability; and comparing the calculated system reliability with a design index, and if the calculated system reliability does not meet the design index, returning to a thermodynamic performance design stage for adjusting key design parameters. According to the method, the problem of separation of performance design from reliability design is solved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to steam turbine design field, particularly relate to a kind of steam turbine performance and reliability integration
Method for designing.
Background technology
Steam turbine is the rotary power equipment energy of steam being converted to mechanical power, with superheated steam as work
Thermal energy is mechanical energy by matter, be mainly used as generating prime mover, it is possible to directly driving various pumps, blower fan,
Compressor and propeller for vessels etc., be widely used in large ship equipment.Steam turbine is as the one of large ship
Planting power set, Ship System usefulness is had a major impact by its Performance And Reliability level.
Domestic in steam turbine design process, do not have performance specification and reliability specification to be used in combination with
New method, still use the way that performance design and reliability design are separately carried out.What this design disconnected shows
Ensure as making the steam turbine quality safety designed often can not get, in some instances it may even be possible to cause catastrophic failure.
The development work of steam turbine usually lays particular emphasis on performance design and ignores reliability design, and performance design fails and can
Effectively merge by property design, hinder the lifting of steam turbine quality and the development of technology.
At present, during developing steam turbine, or only consider how to improve steam turbine performance, or
Only consider how to improve its reliability, or only steam turbine functional part is carried out performance or reliability
Design, fail propose steam turbine system performance/reliability integrated design method.Steam turbine performance
The disconnection of design and reliability design can cause steam turbine integrity problem to highlight, repair rate is high, increases
Its lead time, expense and workload are added.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: provide a kind of steam turbine Integrated design between performance and reliability side
Method, solves the problem that performance design disconnects with reliability design, is ensureing that steam turbine performance reaches optimum bar
Under part so that it is reliability index also meets the requirement of design objective.
A kind of steam turbine Integrated design between performance and reliability method that the present invention provides, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, determines the technical specification of steam turbine and numerical value thereof or scope, calculates the through-flow portion of steam turbine
Point thermodynamic property, it is thus achieved that the declared working condition of flow passage component and the material parameter of 20% operating mode, molded line data are gentle
Dynamic date.Described technical specification include steam turbine power, rotating speed, operating mode, main steam pressure, temperature,
Throttle flow, ahead stage number and the steam consumption.
Step 2, angularly evaluates steaming from fault occurrence frequency and impact, design difficulty, processing and manufacturing and cost
Steam turbine functional part, is divided into functional part core functional components and attachment function parts, determines core merit
The distribution pattern of energy component capabilities design parameter and parameter value thereof.Wherein, the performance design ginseng of core functional components
Number includes that the elastic modelling quantity of blade, modulus of shearing, density, installation value and height, the density of wheel disc and work turn
Speed with, and the density of rotor, elastic modelling quantity, Poisson's ratio, bearing rigidity deviation and span changing value.
Step 3, utilizes Monte Carlo simulation method to extract some groups of each performance design parameter, and the present embodiment is with 500
Illustrate as a example by group, according to molded line data and the aerodynamic data of flow passage component, calculate each performance design parameter respectively
The stress of corresponding core functional components and frequency of vibration also calculate concrete distributed constant.
Step 4, utilizes Stress-Strength Interference Model to calculate the reliability that each performance design parameter is corresponding；According to respectively
Performance design parameters relationship, it is thus achieved that the reliability model of each core functional components also calculates each core functional components
Reliability；In conjunction with reliability-failure rate model and each attachment function unit failure rate data, calculate each adnexa merit
The reliability of energy parts.
Step 5, in conjunction with construction features and the work relationship of each functional part of steam turbine, obtains steam turbine each
The system engineering figure of functional part, sets up steam turbine system reliability model and calculates system dependability.
Step 6, compares calculated system dependability with design objective；If meeting requirement, then complete to steam
The Integrated design between performance and reliability of steam turbine；If being unsatisfactory for requirement, then need to return to thermodynamic property and set
In the meter stage, adjust key design parameter.
Adjusting key design parameter detailed process is:
Calculate each functional part significance level to steam turbine system reliability effect, select importance degree maximum
Functional part, calculates each performance design parameter to the reliability effect of the maximum functional part of described importance degree
Significance level, is set to most important performance design parameter the key design parameter of this functional part, probes into key
Design parameter, on thermodynamics and the impact of strength character, determines adjustment direction and the size of key design parameter.
Key design parameter after adjusting substitutes in thermodynamic property, strength character calculating again, repeats heating power
Learn design calculating, Calculation of Strength Design and calculation of reliability design, then compared with the requirement of steam turbine design objective
Relatively；If meeting design objective requirement, then complete Integrated design between performance and reliability；If being unsatisfactory for, the most constantly
Loop iteration, till steam turbine reliability meets index request.
Alternatively, in described step 3, normal distribution, logarithm normal distribution or Weibull distribution is used to calculate tool
Body distributed constant.
In described step 3, answering of the core functional components that employing Finite element arithmetic each performance design parameter is corresponding
Power, uses energy method to calculate the intrinsic frequency of core functional components corresponding to each performance design parameter with pilkey model
Rate and each rank frequency of vibration.
The invention have the benefit that method that the present invention provides is from the thermodynamics of steam turbine functional part
, can vibrate and fatigue strength Performance Calculation is set out, the Performance Calculation of functional part being calculated with fail-safe analysis has
Connecting machine, analyze the reliability adjusting each functional part of steam turbine, the system setting up steam turbine can
By property model, and then being calculated the reliability of steam turbine system, contrast verification system reliability meets steams
The requirement of steam turbine reliability design index, efficiently solves what the design of steam turbine performance and reliability disconnected
Problem, improves the reliability level of steam turbine.It addition, the method that the present invention provides can significantly improve steam
The design efficiency of turbine, shortens the steam turbine lead time, reduces expense, minimizing workload.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 embodiment of the present invention steam turbine Integrated design between performance and reliability flow process；
Fig. 2 embodiment of the present invention naval vessel steam turbine system engineering drawing；
The reliability block diagram model of Fig. 3 embodiment of the present invention naval vessel steam turbine system.
Detailed description of the invention
Steam turbine Integrated design between performance and reliability process: first In-put design parameter, carries out steam turbine
The thermodynamic property of each functional part calculates, using thermodynamic property result of calculation as vibration, fatigue strength performance
The input calculated, carries out strength character accounting, output frequency of vibration and the average of stress and side to each functional part
Difference, by vibration, the corresponding reliability model of the Calculation of Fatigue Strength result each parts of importing, calculates each functional part
Reliability, and by the fail-safe analysis of steam turbine, set up the system reliability model of steam turbine, then count
Calculate the system dependability of steam turbine.By calculated steam turbine reliability and steam turbine reliability design
Indexes Comparison, if meeting design objective requirement, then completes Integrated design between performance and reliability, if being unsatisfactory for,
Then need in the constraint of performance indications, by critical function parts and key design parameter analysis, find important
The key design parameter of functional part, it is indicated that the optimization direction of Integrated design between performance and reliability, continuous iteration,
Till meeting design objective requirement.
With reference to shown in Fig. 1, it is embodiment of the present invention steam turbine Integrated design between performance and reliability flow process,
Specifically include following steps:
Step 1, thermodynamic property design calculates
Step 1.1, determines that steam turbine main technical specification, steam turbine main technical specification include vapor wheel
Acc power, rotating speed, operating mode, main steam pressure, temperature, throttle flow, ahead stage number and the steam consumption etc..
Step 1.2, designs flow passage component basic structure: according to steam turbine power, the requirement of efficiency, design
The stator blade root footpath of each grade blade, stator blade height, stator blade exit angle, movable vane root footpath, movable vane height and movable vane go out
The basic geometric datas of flow passage component such as bicker degree.
Step 1.3, according to the basic geometric data of steam turbine flow passage component, is carried out steam turbine flow passage component
The accounting of thermodynamic property parameter, as obtained steam turbine power, efficiency, declared working condition and the material of 20% operating mode
Material parameter, molded line data and aerodynamic data etc..
Step 2, strength character analytical calculation
Step 2.1, angularly evaluates from fault occurrence frequency and impact, design difficulty, processing and manufacturing and cost
Steam turbine functional part, and functional part is divided into core functional components and attachment function parts.Choose steam
The core functional components performance design parameter of turbine: the elastic modelling quantity of blade, modulus of shearing, density, installation value
And blade height, the density of wheel disc and working speed, the density of rotor, elastic modelling quantity, Poisson's ratio, bearing are firm
Degree deviation, span changing value；Select the thermodynamic property design parameter of core functional components in steam turbine, really
Its distribution pattern fixed and parameter value thereof；Determining each performance design parameter distribution type and parameter value, the present embodiment is adopted
With but be not limited to normal distribution.The collection of core functional components performance design parameter composition is combined into independent variable X, as follows
Shown in formula:
X={Xy, Xl, Xz}
={ EY,, GY,, ρY,, bY,, hY,, ρl, nl, ρz, Ez, vz, gz, kz}
Wherein, Xy, Xl, XzIt is respectively Blade Properties design parameter collection, wheel disc performance design parameter set, rotor
Performance design parameter set；EY,Be the elastic modelling quantity of seven grade blades, the present embodiment by elastic modelling quantity distribution, because of
The elastic modelling quantity of this each grade blade is not quite similar, such as EY, 1Representing the elastic modelling quantity of first order blade, the rest may be inferred；
GY,It is the modulus of shearing of seven grade blades, ρY,It is the density of seven grade blades, bY,It is the installation value of seven grade blades,
hY,It is the blade height of seven grade blades, ρlFor the density of wheel disc, nlFor the rotating speed of rotor, ρzClose for rotor
Degree, EzFor the elastic modelling quantity of rotor, vzFor the Poisson's ratio of rotor, gzBearing rigidity deviation k for rotorzFor
The span changing value of rotor.
Step 2.2, utilizes Monte Carlo Method, extracts some groups of each performance design parameter, the present embodiment with
Illustrate as a example by extracting 500 groups, calculate 500 groups of core functional components corresponding to performance design parameter respectively
Stress and frequency of vibration, computational methods are as follows:
Step 2.2.1, molded line data, aerodynamic data and each sectional position calculated based on thermodynamic property,
Calculating each blade profile admission after considering nature torsion, give vent to anger a little and the total stress at back, relatively each cross section is entered
Gas point, give vent to anger a little and the total stress size at back, select the maximum cross section of total stress as dangerouse cross-section, and compare
Relatively hazardous cross section admission, giving vent to anger a little and the total stress of back three, select total stress maximum position answers masterpiece
For maximum stress.
Step 2.2.2, utilizes energy method to calculate natural frequency, utilizes pilkey model to calculate each rank frequency of vibration,
Natural frequency according to steam turbine judges Dangerous Frequency, selects the frequency of vibration order closest to natural frequency to make
For Dangerous Frequency.
Pstress={ PStress, y, PStress, l, PStress, z}
Wherein, PstressFor strength character, including oscillation intensity and/or fatigue strength, PStress, y, PStress, l, PStress, zPoint
Wei blade, wheel disc and the strength character of rotor.
PStress, y=f1(Xy)
PStress, l=f2(Xl)
PStress, z=f3(Xz)
Step 2.3, determines each functional part distribution pattern and parameter: according to 500 groups of Dangerous Frequencies, maximum always
The result of calculation of stress, calculates its average and variance, determines the frequency of vibration of each functional part of steam turbine, answers
The distribution pattern of power and design parameter, the present embodiment uses but is not limited to normal distribution, and calculates Core Feature portion
Rate is avoided in the stress nargin of part and vibration.
Step 3, fail-safe analysis calculates
Step 3.1, steam turbine each functional part Calculation of Reliability；
Step 3.1.1, calculates its resonant frequency according to the working speed of steam turbine, according to blade, wheel disc and
The material of rotor, obtains its fatigue strength limit, and the fault rate of each attachment function parts then can be pre-according to handbook
Count out, as the basis of steam turbine each functional part fail-safe analysis.Attachment function unit failure rate forms
Collection be combined into independent variable Y.
Y={ λspring, λbolt, λmotor, λseal}
Wherein, λspringFor the fault rate of spring, λboltFor the fault rate of bolt connection piece, λmotorFor motor
Fault rate, λsealFault rate for sealing member.
Step 3.1.2, utilizes operating frequency-resonant frequency to interfere relation founding mathematical models, it is thus achieved that blade vibration
Reliability, utilize stress-strength interference relation founding mathematical models obtain blade fatigue reliability, according to
The vibration of blade and the relation of fatigue reliability, comprehensively draw the dependability parameter of each grade blade；For wheel disc and
The reliability of rotor, utilizes stress-strength interference relation to set up the reliability model of wheel disc and rotor.
Ry=g1(PStress, y)
Rl=g2(PStress, l)
Rz=g3(PStress, z)
Wherein, R is reliability, g1, g2, g3For different mapping rules, PStress, y, PStress, l, PStress, zRespectively
Strength character for blade, wheel disc and rotor.
Step 3.1.3, according to the failure-rate data of steam turbine attachment function parts, utilizes reliability-fault rate
Model calculates attachment function part reliability parameter.
Each attachment function components reliability is:
Rspring=g4(λspring)
Rbolt=g4(λbolt)
Rmotor=g4(λmotor)
Rseal=g4(λseal)
Wherein, R is reliability；g4For mapping rule, four attachment function parts use identical mapping to close
System.
Step 3.2, steam turbine system Calculation of Reliability；
Step 3.2.1, it is considered to the physical relation of each functional part and work relationship in steam turbine, provides steam
The system engineering figure of turbine each functional part interaction relationship, as shown in Figure 2.
Step 3.2.2, with reference to the system engineering figure of steam turbine, sets up steam turbine system reliability block diagram mould
Type, as it is shown on figure 3, obtain steam turbine system Reliable Mathematics model, as follows:
Wherein, RsystemSystem dependability for steam turbine；RyReliability for blade；RlFor wheel disc can
By degree；RzReliability for rotating shaft；RspringReliability for spring；RboltReliability for bolt connection piece；
RmotorReliability for motor；RsealReliability for sealing member；X is the performance design of core functional components
The set of parameter；Y is the set of the crash rate of attachment function parts.
Step 3.2.3, substitutes into reliability models by the reliability of each functional part, is calculated steaming
The system dependability of steam turbine.
Step 3.2.4, compares calculated system dependability with steam turbine reliability design index,
As met the reliability design index request of steam turbine, then complete the performance and reliability integration of steam turbine
Design；If being unsatisfactory for, then need to return to thermodynamic property design, adjust key design parameter.Need explanation
, steam turbine reliability design index MTBF should meet GJB1371 and use availability requirement, steam
The turbine life-span obeys exponential rule, the reliability after can changing.
Optimization aim: Rsystem≥Rdesign
Constraints: Pstress≥Pdesign
Wherein, RdesignFor steam turbine reliability design index；
PdesignFor steam turbine performance design index.
Step 4, critical function parts key parameter analysis: calculating each functional part can to steam turbine system
By the significance level of property impact, determine that the computing formula of key feature is as follows:
Wherein, i is blade, wheel disc, rotor, spring, bolt connection piece, motor or sealing member.
Select the functional part of significance level maximum as critical function parts, calculate the various of critical function parts
The impact on its reliability of the performance design parameter, selects most important performance design parameter as this functional part
Key design parameter, according to key design parameter on thermodynamics and the impact of strength character, determines that key Design is joined
The adjustment direction of number and size.
Step 5, is optimized with reliability thermodynamic property, strength character；Key Design after adjusting
Parameter substitutes into during thermodynamics and strength character calculate again, repeat thermodynamic Design calculate, Calculation of Strength Design and
Calculation of reliability design, then require to compare with steam turbine design objective, continuous loop iteration, until system can
By sexual satisfaction index request.When loop iteration repeatedly after, if system reliability can not be made all the time to meet requirement,
Manual decision need to be carried out.In the present embodiment, the number of times of loop iteration is five times.
Claims (6)
1. a steam turbine Integrated design between performance and reliability method, it is characterised in that: include following step
Rapid:
Step 1, determines the technical specification of steam turbine and numerical value thereof or scope, calculates the through-flow portion of steam turbine
Divide thermodynamic property, it is thus achieved that the power of flow passage component, efficiency, declared working condition and the material parameter of 20% operating mode,
Molded line data and aerodynamic data；
Step 2, is divided into functional part core functional components and attachment function parts, determines Core Feature portion
The distribution pattern of part performance design parameter and parameter value thereof；
Step 3, utilizes Monte Carlo simulation method to extract some groups of each performance design parameter, according to flow passage component
Molded line data and aerodynamic data, calculate the stress of core functional components corresponding to each performance design parameter respectively
With frequency of vibration calculate concrete distributed constant；
Step 4, utilizes Stress-Strength Interference Model to calculate the reliability that each performance design parameter is corresponding；According to respectively
Performance design parameters relationship, it is thus achieved that the reliability model of each core functional components also calculates each core functional components
Reliability；In conjunction with reliability-failure rate model and each attachment function unit failure rate data, calculate each adnexa merit
The reliability of energy parts；
Step 5, in conjunction with construction features and the work relationship of each functional part of steam turbine, obtains steam turbine each
The system engineering figure of functional part, sets up steam turbine system reliability model and calculates system dependability；
Step 6, compares calculated system dependability with design objective；If meeting requirement, then complete to steam
The Integrated design between performance and reliability of steam turbine；If being unsatisfactory for requirement, then need to return to thermodynamic property and set
In the meter stage, adjust key design parameter.
Steam turbine Integrated design between performance and reliability method the most according to claim 1, its feature
It is: adjusting key design parameter detailed process is:
Calculate each functional part significance level to steam turbine system reliability effect, select importance degree maximum
Functional part, calculates each performance design parameter to the reliability effect of the maximum functional part of described importance degree
Significance level, is set to most important performance design parameter the key design parameter of this functional part, probes into key
Design parameter, on thermodynamics and the impact of strength character, determines adjustment direction and the size of key design parameter；
Key design parameter after adjusting substitutes in thermodynamic property, strength character calculating again, repeats heating power
Learn design calculating, Calculation of Strength Design and calculation of reliability design, then require to compare with steam turbine design objective；
If meeting design objective requirement, then complete Integrated design between performance and reliability；If being unsatisfactory for, the most constantly circulate
Iteration, till steam turbine reliability meets index request.
Steam turbine Integrated design between performance and reliability method the most according to claim 1, its feature
It is, in described step 3, uses normal distribution, logarithm normal distribution or Weibull distribution to calculate concrete distribution
Parameter.
Steam turbine Integrated design between performance and reliability method the most according to claim 1, its feature
It is, in described step 3, the core functional components that employing Finite element arithmetic each performance design parameter is corresponding
Stress, uses energy method to calculate the intrinsic of core functional components corresponding to each performance design parameter with pilkey model
Frequency and each rank frequency of vibration.
Steam turbine Integrated design between performance and reliability method the most according to claim 1, its feature
Being, described technical specification includes steam turbine power, rotating speed, operating mode, main steam pressure, temperature, enters vapour
Amount, ahead stage number and the steam consumption.
Steam turbine Integrated design between performance and reliability method the most according to claim 1, its feature
Being, the performance design parameter of core functional components includes the elastic modelling quantity of blade, modulus of shearing, density, peace
Dress value and height, the density of wheel disc and working speed, and the density of rotor, elastic modelling quantity, Poisson's ratio, axle
Hold rigidity deviation and span changing value.
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| CN110990959A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-10 | 义乌吉利动力总成有限公司 | Method and system for determining height of combustion chamber cavity |
| CN112487350A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-12 | 中国船舶工业综合技术经济研究院 | Radar guidance system performance and reliability comprehensive design method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107229782A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-10-03 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of Demand-Oriented is based on geometric properties and drives wheeling disk structure Interactive Design method |
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| CN112487350A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-12 | 中国船舶工业综合技术经济研究院 | Radar guidance system performance and reliability comprehensive design method |
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